Pressure test equipment for automobile parts
By designing a pressure testing device with switchable states, the problem of the single function of existing equipment is solved, and the integration of static and impact pressure testing is realized, which reduces costs and space requirements and improves testing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511296252.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing pressure testing equipment has limited functionality and cannot perform static and impact pressure tests simultaneously on a single device, forcing companies to purchase multiple devices, increasing costs and space requirements.
A pressure testing device was designed, which realizes the switching between static and impact states of the pressure head through a locking mechanism. Combined with a lifting plate and a driving device, static and impact pressure tests can be completed on a single device.
It enables simultaneous static and impact pressure tests on a single device, reducing equipment costs and space requirements while improving testing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN120907967A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of pressure test equipment, in particular, to a pressure test equipment for automobile parts. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a complex mechanical product, the quality of automobile parts is directly related to the performance, reliability and safety of the whole vehicle. In the large-scale production process of automobile parts, raw materials are usually supplied in batches. Different batches of raw materials may have differences in composition, mechanical properties, etc. Therefore, sample testing is needed to ensure product quality stability. Pressure test is one of the main detection methods, mainly covering two types of static pressure test and impact pressure test: static pressure test is used to evaluate the performance of parts materials under continuous and stable pressure, such as detecting whether plastic deformation, rupture occurs, and determining the key indicators of material compressive strength, yield limit, etc.; impact pressure test simulates the instantaneous impact scenarios that parts may encounter in actual use (such as bumps, collisions during vehicle driving, etc.), and evaluates the ability of materials to resist instantaneous impact force. Both of them provide important basis for judging whether the raw materials or semi-finished products meet the production standards.
[0003] In the current technical field, pressure test equipment has formed a relatively mature application system, and there are many special-purpose devices with clear functions on the market. Static pressure testing machines can meet the needs of static performance testing of samples; impact pressure testing machines simulate impact working conditions of different intensities by presetting drop hammer weight, drop height and other parameters.
[0004] However, in the prior art, most pressure testing machines only integrate a single test function. For example, the transmission system (such as the hydraulic drive assembly) of the static pressure testing machine is adapted to continuous pressure output, and its response speed is slow, which cannot meet the requirements of impact test on instantaneous pressure; and the drop hammer of the impact pressure testing machine cannot realize the stable pressure continuous loading required by static test. If the same batch of samples needs to complete static and impact pressure tests, the enterprise needs to purchase two special-purpose devices, which not only greatly increases the cost of equipment, but also needs to plan independent space for the two devices.
[0005] Therefore, developing a device that can integrate static and impact pressure test functions has become a key direction to solve the current industry pain points, improve the detection efficiency of automobile parts, and reduce production costs. SUMMARY
[0006] To overcome the above defects, embodiments of the present application provide a pressure test equipment for automobile parts, which solves the technical problem that a pressure testing machine in the related art can only perform one type of pressure test, and multiple devices are needed for multiple tests.
[0007] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present application provides a pressure test device for automobile parts, comprising a rack, a lifting plate, a pressure head and a locking mechanism, the lifting plate is vertically slidingly arranged on the rack, the pressure head is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate, and the locking mechanism is used for locking the pressure head. The pressure head has a static pressure state and an impact state. In the static pressure state, the locking mechanism locks the pressure head to the lifting plate, so that the pressure head can follow the lifting plate to drop to press against the lower test sample, so as to apply static pressure to the lower test sample. In the impact state, the locking mechanism releases the locking of the pressure head and the lifting plate, so that the pressure head can fall under the action of gravity and apply impact pressure to the lower test sample.
[0008] For example, the pressure test device for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The locking mechanism comprises a mounting ring, a gear ring, a gear and a support plate, the mounting ring is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate and sleeved outside the pressure head, the gear ring is rotationally arranged on the mounting ring and coaxially arranged with the mounting ring, the gears are a plurality of and rotationally arranged on the mounting ring, the gears are engaged with the gear ring, and the support plates are a plurality of and one-to-one connected above the gears, the support plates are used for abutting against the lower part of the pressure head to block the pressure head, and a plurality of the support plates can also be synchronously swung under the driving of the gears to release the blocking of the pressure head.
[0009] For example, the pressure test device for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The mounting ring is provided with an upwardly extending guide rod, the guide rod penetrates and slidingly arranged on the lifting plate, and the guide rod has a scale line.
[0010] For example, the pressure test device for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: A rope winding wheel is rotationally arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate, a through hole is penetratingly arranged on the lifting plate, a pull rope connected with the pressure head is wound on the rope winding wheel, the pull rope is arranged through the through hole, and the rope winding wheel can retract or release the pull rope to adjust the height of the pressure head.
[0011] For example, the pressure test device for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: Further comprising two sets of sample positioning mechanisms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting plate, each set of the sample positioning mechanisms comprising a telescopic rod, a push plate and a spring, the upper end of the telescopic rod being in sliding connection with the lifting plate, the lower end being in sliding connection with the rack, a guide mechanism being arranged between the telescopic rod and the lifting plate, the telescopic rod being capable of sliding towards or away from the pressure head under the guidance of the guide mechanism when the lifting plate is lifted; The push plate is arranged on the rack and located at the bottom of the telescopic rod, and the spring is arranged between the push plate and the telescopic rod to provide a force for the push plate to move away from the telescopic rod, and the two push plates of the two sets of sample positioning mechanisms can move towards each other to push the sample to be centered under the pressure head under the sliding of the telescopic rod.
[0012] For example, the pressure test equipment for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The guide mechanism comprises a guide rail and a guide column, the guide rail is arranged on the rack, the guide rail has a guide slot thereon, the guide slot comprises two sections of approaching slots and moving away slots which are in communication with each other, the approaching slots gradually approach the pressure head from top to bottom, and the moving away slots gradually move away from the pressure head from top to bottom, the guide column is arranged on the telescopic rod, the guide column is in sliding connection with the guide slot, and under the lifting of the lifting plate, the two telescopic rods of the two sets of sample positioning mechanisms can be telescoped under the guidance of the guide slot and the guide column and drive the two push plates to slide to clamp or release the sample.
[0013] For example, the pressure test equipment for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The sample positioning mechanism further comprises two sets of protective covers which are symmetrically arranged on the push plate in sliding connection, the sliding directions of the protective covers and the push plate are the same, the two sets of protective covers can move towards each other and be buckled with each other under the driving of the two sets of push plates, a tension spring is connected between the push plate and the protective cover, and the tension spring is used to elastically pull the protective cover towards the side close to the pressure head, so that the two protective covers abut against each other.
[0014] For example, the pressure test equipment for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: A cover plate is slidably arranged on the pressure head, and the cover plate can fall above the two protective covers under the driving of the pressure head.
[0015] For example, the pressure test equipment for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The rack is provided with two groups of support seats located below the pressure head, and the two groups of support seats are used for supporting the sample.
[0016] For example, the pressure test device for automobile parts provided by at least one embodiment of the present application further comprises: The support seat is detachably provided with a support part, and the support part has a supporting groove for supporting the sample.
[0017] The embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects: In the present application, when static pressure test is needed, the pressure head is first locked on the lifting plate through the locking mechanism. At this time, the driving device installed on the rack drives the lifting plate to descend. Since the pressure head is locked on the lifting plate, the pressure head will descend together with the lifting plate and continuously exert static pressure on the sample placed below. The pressure data acquisition adopts the conventional method in the prior art, that is, a pressure sensor is embedded on the pressure head, the pressure sensor transmits the sensed pressure signal to the computer, and the computer converts the pressure signal into pressure data after processing. The deformation of the sample under the action of static pressure is observed, and the pressure data when the sample deforms or breaks are recorded.
[0018] When impact pressure test is needed, the pressure head is first lifted to an appropriate height, and then the locking mechanism is unlocked. At this time, the pressure head falls instantaneously under the action of gravity, and exerts impact pressure on the sample below. During the process, the sample is subjected to instantaneous impact force, simulating the impact situation that the sample may suffer in actual use. The impact resistance of the material is evaluated by observing the deformation of the sample after impact and recording the pressure data provided by the pressure sensor at this time. The impact force generated when the pressure head falls can be changed by adjusting the height of the pressure head on the lifting plate, so as to meet the test requirements of different samples on impact pressure.
[0019] The present application can realize both static pressure test and impact pressure test on one device. The limitation of single function of the traditional pressure testing machine is broken. The operation is relatively simple. Only the locking mechanism needs to be operated to switch the working state of the pressure head, so as to realize the conversion between static pressure test and impact pressure test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some example embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the contents of the example embodiments of the present application and the drawings without creating any creative labor.
[0021] Figure 1A structural schematic diagram of an angle of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of A in the above; Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of B in the above; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of C in the above; Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 An enlarged view of D in the above; Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 An enlarged view of E in the above; Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of F in the above; Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of G in the above; Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of H in the above; Figure 10 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of I in the above; Figure 11 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of J in the above; Figure 12 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of K in the above; Figure 13 A structural schematic diagram of a pressure test device for automobile parts in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 An enlarged view of L in the above;
[0022] In the figure: 1, frame, 2, lifting plate, 3, pressure head, 4, locking mechanism, 401, mounting ring, 402, gear ring, 403, gear, 404, support plate, 405, guide rod, 5, rope collecting wheel, 6, pull rope, 7, sample positioning mechanism, 701, telescopic rod, 702, push plate, 703, spring, 8, guide slide rail, 801, guide sliding groove, 8011, close to the sliding groove, 8012, away from the sliding groove, 704, guide column, 705, protective cover, 706, tension spring, 9, cover plate, 10, support seat, 11, support part, 1101, bearing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples. It can be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application, and not to limit the application.
[0024] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the application are shown in each figure, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown, or only one of them is marked. In this paper, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".
[0025] In this paper, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] In the application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include the direct contact of the first and second features, or the contact of the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "upper" and "upper" of the first feature to the second feature include the vertical and oblique above of the first feature to the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature include the vertical and oblique below of the first feature to the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.
[0027] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0028] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation in description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0029] As Figures 1-13 shown, it shows a pressure test equipment for automobile parts in an embodiment of the present application, which comprises a rack 1, a lifting plate 2, a pressure head 3 and a locking mechanism 4. The rack 1 is the basic support structure of the pressure test equipment. The lifting plate 2 is vertically slidingly arranged on the rack 1. The upper part of the lifting plate 2 is connected with a driving device, which can be a hydraulic driving system or an electric driving system. The pressure head 3 is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate 2. The locking mechanism 4 is used to lock the pressure head 3.
[0030] Working principle: when static pressure test is needed, the pressure head 3 is first locked on the lifting plate 2 by the locking mechanism 4. At this time, the driving device installed on the rack 1 drives the lifting plate 2 to descend. Since the pressure head 3 is locked on the lifting plate 2, the pressure head 3 will descend together with the lifting plate 2 and exert a continuous static pressure on the sample placed below. The pressure data acquisition adopts the conventional way in the prior art, that is, a pressure sensor is embedded in the pressure head 3. The pressure sensor transmits the sensed pressure signal to a computer. The computer processes the pressure signal and converts it into pressure data. The deformation of the sample under the action of static pressure is observed, and the pressure data when the sample deforms or breaks are recorded.
[0031] When impact pressure test is needed, the pressure head 3 is first lifted to an appropriate height, and then the locking mechanism 4 is unlocked. At this time, the pressure head 3 falls instantaneously under the action of its own weight, and exerts impact pressure on the sample below. During the process, the sample is subjected to instantaneous impact force, simulating the impact situation it may suffer in actual use. By observing the deformation of the sample after impact and recording the pressure data provided by the pressure sensor at this time, the impact resistance of the material can be evaluated. By adjusting the height of the pressure head 3 on the lifting plate 2, the impact force generated when the pressure head 3 falls can be changed to meet the test requirements of different samples for impact pressure.
[0032] The scheme can realize both static pressure test and impact pressure test on one device, breaking the limitation of traditional pressure tester with single function. The operation is relatively simple, and only the locking mechanism 4 needs to be operated to switch the working state of the pressure head 3, realizing the conversion of static pressure test and impact pressure test.
[0033] In some examples, the locking mechanism 4 includes a mounting ring 401, a gear ring 402, a gear 403 and a support plate 404, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 The mounting ring 401 is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate 2, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure head 3, so as to be able to be sleeved outside the pressure head 3. The gear ring 402 is rotationally arranged on the mounting ring 401. In order to drive the rotation of the gear ring 402, an electric push rod is arranged, one end of which is hinged to the mounting ring 401, and the other end is hinged to the outer periphery of the gear ring 402, thereby driving the gear ring 402 to rotate on the mounting ring 401. A plurality of gears 403 are rotationally arranged on the mounting ring 401, and are all in meshing engagement with the gear ring 402, which can drive the plurality of gears 403 to rotate synchronously when the gear ring 402 rotates. The support plate 404 is arranged on each gear 403 and is fixedly connected with the gear 403, for example, by welding or bolt connection. The support plate 404 is in the shape of a long strip, one end of which is connected with the gear 403, and the other end abuts and blocks the pressure head 3 in the initial state. When the gear 403 rotates under the driving of the gear ring 402, the support plate 404 swings, and the plurality of support plates 404 swing synchronously, thereby removing the blockage of the pressure head 3, so that the pressure head 3 can fall under its own weight during impact pressure test. A guide rod 405 is arranged on the mounting ring 401, which penetrates through the lifting plate 2 and slides on the lifting plate 2. A scale line is arranged on the guide rod 405, so that the operator can intuitively read the current height position of the mounting ring 401.
[0034] A rope winding wheel 5 is rotationally arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate 2, and the lifting plate 2 has a vertical through hole. One end of a pull rope 6 is fixed to the rope winding wheel 5, and the other end penetrates through the through hole of the lifting plate 2 and is connected with the pressure head 3. When the rope winding wheel 5 is rotated, the rope winding wheel 5 will wind up or release the pull rope 6, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the pressure head 3.
[0035] Working principle: the locking mechanism 4 can drive the gear ring 402 to rotate through the electric push rod, drive the plurality of gears 403 to rotate synchronously, and then make the support plate 404 connected with the gear 403 swing. As shown in the figure, Figure 7In the normal state shown, the plurality of support plates 404 abut and block the pressure head 3, so that the pressure head 3 is locked on the lifting plate 2, and is in a locked state required for static pressure test. When impact pressure test is required, the electric push rod is started, the gear ring 402 rotates under the action of the electric push rod, driving the gear 403 and the support plate 404 to swing, and the plurality of support plates 404 synchronously release the block of the pressure head 3, so that the pressure head 3 loses support and falls by gravity, realizing impact pressure test.
[0036] The guide rod 405 provides guidance for the vertical sliding of the mounting ring 401, ensures that the mounting ring 401 remains stable during sliding, and avoids shaking. By reading the scale line on the guide rod 405, the operator can know the height of the pressure head 3, and then adjust the falling height of the pressure head 3 according to the test requirements, to meet different test requirements. By rotating the rope collecting wheel 5, the rope collecting wheel 5 and the pulling rope 6 are wound, the pulling rope 6 is retracted or released, the pressure head 3 can be quickly adjusted to the required height position, and the mounting ring 401 can change the height synchronously with the pressure head 3, so as to ensure that the pressure head 3 can be locked at the height.
[0037] In some examples, as shown in Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 , the sample positioning mechanism 7 includes two groups of telescopic rods 701, push plates 702, springs 703 and guide columns 704 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting plate 2. The telescopic rod 701 is composed of a plurality of rod members connected end to end in sequence. The top of the telescopic rod 701 is slidably arranged on the lifting plate 2 in the transverse direction. The bottom of the telescopic rod 701 is slidably provided with a push plate 702. The spring 703 is arranged between the push plate 702 and the bottom of the telescopic rod 701, and provides a force for the push plate 702 away from the telescopic rod 701. The guide column 704 is arranged on the side of the top of the telescopic rod 701. The guide rail 8 is arranged on the rack 1, and the guide rail 8 has a guide slot 801. The guide slot 801 is composed of two sections of close-to-slot 8011 and away-from-slot 8012 connected to each other from top to bottom. The guide column 704 is located in the guide slot 801 of the guide rail 8. The close-to-slot 8011 gradually approaches the sample from top to bottom. The away-from-slot 8012 gradually moves away from the sample from top to bottom. The guide column 704 cooperates with the guide slot 801 to guide the movement track of the telescopic rod 701 during the descending process of the lifting plate 2, thereby realizing the clamping and releasing of the sample. The sample positioning mechanism 7 further includes two groups of protective covers 705 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting plate 2. The protective cover 705 is slidably arranged on the push plate 702 in the transverse direction. A tension spring 706 is connected between the push plate 702 and the protective cover 705. The cover plate 9 is slidably arranged on the pressure head 3 in the vertical direction. When the pressure head 3 descends, the cover plate 9 can cover the protective cover 705, and the cover plate 9 and the protective cover 705 together form a relatively closed protective space.
[0038] Working principle: asFigure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the initial state before the static pressure test begins, the guide column 704 on the telescopic rod 701 is located at the top of the guide chute 801. When the static pressure test is performed and the lifting plate 2 begins to descend, the guide column 704 slides along the guide chute 801. Since the approach chute 8011 gradually approaches the sample from top to bottom, when the guide column 704 slides in the approach chute 8011, it will gradually move the telescopic rod 701 towards the sample. The telescopic rod 701 gradually shortens while synchronously driving the push plate 702, so that the push plates 702 on both sides gradually approach the sample. With the descent of the lifting plate 2, the two groups of protective covers 705 on both sides of the sample will first contact and snap together, and with the continued descent of the lifting plate 2, the tension spring 706 is gradually stretched, and the push plate 702 continues to approach the sample. When the push plate 702 contacts the sample, the push plates 702 on both sides jointly push the sample to the middle position until it reaches the state as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 to ensure that the indenter 3 can contact the middle of the sample each time the test is performed, so as to ensure the consistency of the test conditions.
[0039] With the continued descent of the lifting plate 2, the spring 703 is compressed until the guide column 704 slides away from the away chute 8012. Since the away chute 8012 gradually moves away from the sample from top to bottom, when the guide column 704 slides in the away chute 8012, it will gradually move the telescopic rod 701 away from the sample. In this process, the spring 703 first gradually recovers to its original state, and then the push plate 702 disengages from the abutment with the sample, but the two groups of protective covers 705 still maintain the snapped state at this time, continuing to provide protection to avoid the safety risk that the sample may crack during the compression process. The structure is referred to Figure 12 and Figure 13 . Subsequently, the indenter 3 contacts the sample and begins to apply static pressure to perform normal testing. This scheme achieves the effect that the push plate 702 no longer clamps the sample when the indenter 3 contacts the sample, preventing the clamping of the push plate 702 from providing additional support to the sample, thereby affecting the true compression resistance of the sample.
[0040] The cover plate 9 fitted on the indenter 3, when the indenter 3 is lowered to the height of the protective cover 705 during the descent of the indenter 3, covers the top of the protective cover 705. After that, the indenter 3 can continue to descend, and the cover plate 9 and the protective cover 705 together form a relatively closed protective space, reducing the risk of debris flying when the sample is crushed, providing safety protection for the test operator.
[0041] In some examples, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, two groups of support seats 10 are arranged on the rack 1 below the pressure head 3. A support part 11 is detachably arranged on each support seat 10, facilitating maintenance or replacement of the support part 11. The support part 11 is provided with a supporting groove 1101 for supporting a sample.
[0042] Working principle: when performing a pressure test, the sample is placed in the supporting groove 1101 of the support part 11 on the two groups of support seats 10, thereby lifting the sample, facilitating the pressure head 3 to exert pressure on it. The support part 11 and the support seat 10 are detachably connected, when the support part 11 is worn, damaged or needs to be replaced to adapt to different types of samples, only the support part 11 needs to be replaced, facilitating maintenance, replacement or adjustment.
[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A pressure testing apparatus for an automobile component, characterized by comprising: The device comprises a frame (1), a lifting plate (2), a pressure head (3) and a locking mechanism (4), the lifting plate (2) is vertically slidingly arranged on the frame (1), the pressure head (3) is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate (2), and the locking mechanism (4) is used for locking the pressure head (3); The pressure head (3) has a static pressure state and an impact state; In the static pressure state, the locking mechanism (4) locks the pressure head (3) to the lifting plate (2), so that the pressure head (3) can follow the lifting plate (2) to be lowered to press against the lower sample to exert static pressure on the lower sample; In the impact state, the locking mechanism (4) releases the locking of the pressure head (3) and the lifting plate (2), so that the pressure head (3) can fall under the action of gravity and exert impact pressure on the lower sample.
2. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 1, wherein The locking mechanism (4) comprises a mounting ring (401), a gear ring (402), a gear (403) and a support plate (404), the mounting ring (401) is vertically slidingly arranged on the lifting plate (2) and sleeved outside the pressure head (3), the gear ring (402) is rotationally arranged on the mounting ring (401) and coaxially arranged with the mounting ring (401), the gears (403) are a plurality of and rotationally arranged on the mounting ring (401), the gears (403) are engaged with the gear ring (402), and the support plates (404) are a plurality of and one-to-one connected above the gears (403), the support plates (404) are used for abutting against the lower part of the pressure head (3) to block the pressure head (3), and a plurality of the support plates (404) can also be synchronously swung under the driving of the gears (403) to release the blocking of the pressure head (3).
3. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The mounting ring (401) is provided with an upwardly extending guide rod (405), the guide rod (405) is penetratingly and slidingly arranged on the lifting plate (2), and the guide rod (405) has a scale line thereon.
4. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 1 wherein, A rope winding wheel (5) is rotationally arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate (2), a through hole is penetratingly arranged on the lifting plate (2), a pull rope (6) connected with the pressure head (3) is wound on the rope winding wheel (5), the pull rope (6) is penetratingly arranged on the through hole, and the rope winding wheel (5) can retract or release the pull rope (6) to adjust the height of the pressure head (3).
5. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 1 wherein, Two groups of sample positioning mechanisms (7) symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting plate (2) are further included, each group of the sample positioning mechanisms (7) comprises an extension rod (701), a push plate (702) and a spring (703), the upper end of the extension rod (701) is slidingly connected with the lifting plate (2), the lower end is slidingly connected with the frame (1), a guide mechanism is arranged between the extension rod (701) and the lifting plate (2), and when the lifting plate (2) is lifted, the extension rod (701) can slide to the direction of approaching or moving away from the pressure head (3) under the guidance of the guide mechanism. The push plate (702) is slidably arranged on the rack (1) and located at the bottom of the telescopic rod (701), the spring (703) is arranged between the push plate (702) and the telescopic rod (701) and used for providing a force for the push plate (702) to move away from the telescopic rod (701), and the two push plates (702) of the two sets of sample positioning mechanisms (7) can move close to each other under the sliding of the telescopic rod (701) to push the sample to be centrally located below the pressure head (3).
6. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 5 wherein, The guide mechanism comprises a guide rail (8) and a guide column (704), the guide rail (8) is arranged on the rack (1), the guide rail (8) has a guide sliding groove (801) thereon, the guide sliding groove (801) comprises two sections of close-to-sliding grooves (8011) and away-from-sliding grooves (8012) which are in communication with each other, the close-to-sliding grooves (8011) gradually close to the pressure head (3) from top to bottom, the away-from-sliding grooves (8012) gradually move away from the pressure head (3) from top to bottom, the guide column (704) is arranged on the telescopic rod (701), the guide column (704) is in sliding cooperation with the guide sliding groove (801), under the lifting of the lifting plate (2), the two telescopic rods (701) of the two sets of sample positioning mechanisms (7) can be telescoped under the guidance of the guide sliding groove (801) and the guide column (704) and drive the two push plates (702) to slide to clamp or release the sample.
7. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The sample positioning mechanism (7) further comprises two sets of protective covers (705) which are symmetrically arranged on the push plate (702) in sliding mode, the protective covers (705) and the push plate (702) have the same sliding direction, the two sets of protective covers (705) can move close to each other and be buckled to each other under the driving of the two sets of push plates (702), the push plate (702) and the protective cover (705) are connected with a tension spring (706), the tension spring (706) is used for elastically pulling the protective cover (705) to the side close to the pressure head (3) so that the two protective covers (705) abut against each other.
8. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 7 wherein, The cover plate (9) is slidably arranged on the pressure head (3), and the cover plate (9) can fall above the two protective covers (705) under the descending of the pressure head (3).
9. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The rack (1) is provided with two sets of support seats (10) located below the pressure head (3), and the two sets of support seats (10) are used for supporting the sample.
10. The pressure testing apparatus for automotive parts as claimed in claim 9 wherein, The support part (11) has a supporting groove (1101) used for supporting the sample.