Monitoring device suitable for debris flow slit in canyon area and early warning method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring device suitable for a canyon debris flow slit and an early warning method thereof. The monitoring device comprises a supporting frame, a stay wire calibration frame, a plurality of installation parts, a stay wire set and a releasing mechanism, and the stay wire calibration frame and the supporting frame are fixed to the two sides of the canyon debris flow slit respectively; the plurality of mounting parts are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the stay wire calibration frame; the stay wire type displacement meter is installed on the supporting frame. The stay wire group comprises a main stay wire and a standby stay wire, the release mechanism can be switched between a locking state and a release state, and when the release mechanism is in the locking state, the release mechanism fixes the standby stay wire; and when the release mechanism is in the release state, the standby stay wire is separated from the release mechanism. Therefore, when the main stay wire is damaged and the standby stay wire needs to be replaced, a worker pulls the standby stay wire on the side of the supporting frame, the release mechanism can be switched to the release state, the standby stay wire can be used as a new main stay wire after falling off from the release mechanism, and real-time monitoring of the monitoring device can be guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster debris flow monitoring, in particular to a monitoring device suitable for a debris flow narrow valley in a canyon area and a warning method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Debris flow in a canyon area is a sudden and destructive natural disaster, which is often caused by heavy rain, earthquakes or human activities, and poses a serious threat to people's lives and property and infrastructure. Debris flow monitoring and early warning are important means to reduce disaster losses. Since the monitoring object belongs to a larger area, there are high requirements for the warning effect.

[0003] In the traditional monitoring method, high-precision devices such as GPS and total station are used for monitoring, which meets the monitoring requirements, but is limited by the complexity of the terrain and the cost of the equipment, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring in a large range and high density. Although the monitoring method using radar, satellite remote sensing and other methods has a wide monitoring range, the debris flow is often accompanied by bad weather, which seriously affects the effect of real-time monitoring, and high-frequency monitoring cannot be achieved. In addition, the above two methods are applied to the monitoring of the canyon, and due to the poor terrain and communication conditions, data transmission is easily disturbed when disasters occur, real-time data transmission is poor, and the warning effect is not good.

[0004] Therefore, geological disaster monitoring needs to consider high monitoring accuracy, low deployment cost and large coverage. With the development of sensor technology, the performance of the cable displacement meter has been greatly improved, and it has been gradually applied to geological disaster monitoring to meet the above various needs.

[0005] The cable displacement meter monitors displacement changes by measuring the expansion and contraction of the cable. The cable displacement meter has a simple structure and can work stably in harsh environments, and has strong environmental adaptability. However, when the cable displacement meter is applied to the monitoring of debris flow in a narrow valley, the two ends of the cable need to be erected on both sides of the canyon, and after the disaster occurs, the cable is easily broken, damaged or even destroyed by the debris flow, which makes it impossible to effectively monitor the debris flow. After the cable is damaged, the staff cannot replace the new cable in time on the other side of the canyon, which makes it impossible to ensure continuous and effective monitoring of the debris flow.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a monitoring device suitable for gully mudslide in canyon area and a warning method thereof. The staff member pulls the standby pull wire on the side of the support frame, so that the release mechanism is switched to the release state. After the standby pull wire falls off the release mechanism, it can be used as a new main pull wire to ensure real-time monitoring of the monitoring device.

[0008] The first aspect of the present application provides a monitoring device suitable for gully mudslide in canyon area, comprising: a support frame; a pull wire calibration frame fixed on both sides of the gully mudslide in the canyon area; a plurality of mounting members fixed to the pull wire calibration frame, and the mounting members are arranged along the height direction of the pull wire calibration frame;

[0009] a pull wire displacement meter installed on the support frame; a pull wire group comprising a main pull wire and a standby pull wire, one end of the main pull wire and one end of the standby pull wire are respectively fixed to the corresponding mounting member, the other end of the main pull wire is connected with the pull wire displacement meter, and the other end of the standby pull wire is connected with the support frame; a release mechanism provided at the top of the pull wire calibration frame, the release mechanism is switchable between a locked state and a released state, when the release mechanism is in the locked state, the release mechanism fixes the standby pull wire; when the release mechanism is in the released state, the standby pull wire is separated from the release mechanism.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pull wire displacement meter further comprises a counterweight module, which is detachably connected with the other end of the main pull wire.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pull wire displacement meter further comprises: a displacement meter body having a movable end and a fixed end movably connected; a first matching member fixedly connected with the movable end, the main pull wire drives the movable end to move through the first matching member; a second matching member located on the side of the first matching member away from the displacement meter body, when the movable end moves to the maximum range, the second matching member stops the first matching member.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the top of the second matching member has a first pulley, and the main pull wire is in sliding cooperation with the first pulley.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pull wire displacement meter further comprises: a first fixed base fixed to the end of the fixed end facing the pull wire calibration frame; a second fixed base fixed to the end of the fixed end away from the pull wire calibration frame, and at least one of the first fixed base and the second fixed base is detachably connected with the support frame.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the tensioned wire displacement meter further comprises a connecting seat movably assembled to the support frame, one side of the connecting seat facing the tensioned wire calibration frame is configured with a working surface; a mounting seat comprising a pulley base and a second pulley, the pulley base is fixedly connected to the working surface, and the second pulley is assembled to the pulley base, and the main tensioned wire is in sliding fit with the second pulley.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the working surface has a plurality of first threaded holes, and the tensioned wire displacement meter further comprises a first threaded part in threaded fit with the first threaded hole, the first threaded part is passed through the first threaded hole and adapted to abut against the support frame; and / or, the tensioned wire displacement meter further comprises a limiting plate located on the side of the support frame away from the working surface, the limiting plate is movably mounted to the connecting seat and oppositely arranged with the working surface, the limiting plate is configured with a second threaded hole, and the tensioned wire displacement meter further comprises a second threaded part in threaded fit with the second threaded hole, the second threaded part is passed through the second threaded hole and adapted to abut against the support frame.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the monitoring device further comprises a power distribution data transceiver mechanism, the power distribution data transceiver mechanism comprises a vertical rod, a solar panel and a control box, the solar panel is fixed to the top of the vertical rod, the control box is fixed to the middle of the vertical rod, the control box is fixedly provided with a fiber transceiver and a data conversion module, the electric connection line of the tensioned wire displacement meter is electrically connected with the data conversion module, the data conversion module converts the analog signal of the tensioned wire displacement meter into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to a monitoring platform through the fiber transceiver.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the monitoring device further comprises a protective cover and a retaining wall, the protective cover is arranged on the retaining wall, the retaining wall surrounds the outer periphery of the tensioned wire displacement meter, and the protective cover is provided with a handle for binding the standby tensioned wire.

[0018] The early warning method of the monitoring device suitable for the debris flow narrow gully in the canyon area of the second aspect of the present application is used for the monitoring device suitable for the debris flow narrow gully in the canyon area, and the early warning method comprises the steps that the historical horizontal displacement amount of the main tensioned wire in the previous N days is measured; a plurality of early warning threshold values are set according to the historical horizontal displacement amount, and a plurality of risk levels are correspondingly formed; the real-time horizontal displacement amount of the main tensioned wire is measured; the corresponding risk level is determined by comparing the real-time horizontal displacement amount with the plurality of early warning threshold values; and the corresponding early warning signal is triggered according to the determined risk level.

[0019] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the monitoring device suitable for the debris flow gully in the canyon area and the early warning method in the example embodiments of the present application, when the main pull wire needs to be replaced due to damage, the staff pulls the standby pull wire at the side of the support frame, so that the release mechanism is switched to the release state, and the standby pull wire can be used as a new main pull wire after falling off the release mechanism, which can ensure real-time monitoring of the monitoring device.

[0021] The scheme of the present application can be used to arrange the monitoring device in the debris flow gully in the canyon area for early warning, so as to realize continuous early warning of the monitoring device, ensure high sensitivity, and realize real-time data transmission.

[0022] Through the convenient switching of the main pull wire and the standby pull wire, the effective monitoring of the monitoring device is ensured, and the disadvantage that the steel wire rope of the pull wire displacement meter cannot be replaced and fixed after being broken by the disaster source in the prior art is effectively solved.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings incorporated into the specification and forming part of the specification, show embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 A perspective view of the monitoring device of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A perspective view of the support frame, concrete base and steel reinforcement cage of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A perspective view of the retaining wall and protective cover of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A front view of the retaining wall and protective cover of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of the protective cover of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A side view of the pull wire calibration frame and standby pull wire of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 7Part structure schematic diagram of release mechanism and pull wire calibration frame of the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0032] Figure 8 Part structure sectional view of pull wire displacement meter of the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0033] Figure 9 Part structure perspective view of pull wire displacement meter of the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0034] Figure 10 Stereogram of power distribution data transceiver mechanism of the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0035] Figure 11 Stereogram of monitoring platform and sound-light alarm of the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0036] The above-mentioned drawings contain the following reference signs:

[0037] 1, monitoring device; 10, support frame; 20, pull wire calibration frame; 30, mounting piece; 41, displacement meter body; 411, movable end; 412, fixed end; 42, first matching piece; 43, second matching piece; 44, first pulley; 45, counterweight module; 46, connecting seat; 461, working surface; 4611, first threaded hole; 462, fixed surface; 4621, through hole; 464, second side surface; 4641, second mounting hole; 47, first threaded piece; 48, first buffer sleeve; 49, nut; 51, limiting plate; 511, second threaded hole; 52, second threaded piece; 53, second buffer sleeve; 54, mounting seat; 541, pulley base; 542, second pulley; 55, third pulley; 56, fourth pulley; 57, fifth pulley; 58, first fixed base; 59, second fixed base; 61, main pull wire; 62, backup pull wire; 70, release mechanism; 80, power distribution data transceiver mechanism; 81, vertical rod; 82, solar panel; 83, control box; 84, optical fiber transceiver; 85, data conversion module; 86, lithium battery; 87, voltage controller; 91, first protective cover; 92, second protective cover; 93, handle; 100, retaining wall; 1001, threading hole; 1002, rectangular window; 110, monitoring platform; 120, sound-light alarm; 130, steel reinforcement framework; 140, fixed steel plate; 150, anchoring vertical rib; 160, green belt; 170, retaining stone; 180, bedrock wall; 190, concrete base; 200, expansion screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the present application. For the purpose of simplicity, the description of a particular example will not necessarily be repeated in the description of each example. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters can be repeated in different examples in the present application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements being discussed.

[0040] For the purpose of description, spatial relative terms can be used in the description to describe the relative position relationship or movement of one element or feature with respect to another element or feature as shown in the drawings, such as "internal", "external", "inboard", "outboard", "under", "below", "on", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped over or the posture is changed or the movement state is changed, the directional indications will also change accordingly, for example: the element described as "under" or "below" another element or feature will be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Therefore, the example term "below" can include both up and down positions. The device can be additionally oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the description are interpreted accordingly.

[0041] In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0042] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology is easy to be damaged and cannot be used, and the new pull wire calibration frame cannot be replaced in time to the opposite bank, resulting in the real-time monitoring of the debris flow ditch cannot be guaranteed, the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a monitoring device 1 suitable for a narrow debris flow ditch in a canyon area. The monitoring device 1 can replace the pull wire without going to the opposite bank of the debris flow ditch, which can facilitate monitoring and ensure the real-time monitoring of the debris flow ditch.

[0043] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 11As shown, the monitoring device 1 comprises a support frame 10, a tensioned cable calibration frame 20, a tensioned cable displacement meter, a mounting member 30, a tensioned cable set, and a release mechanism 70. The tensioned cable calibration frame 20 and the support frame 10 are respectively fixed on both sides of a debris flow gully in a canyon area. The mounting member 30 is fixed on the tensioned cable calibration frame 20, and a plurality of mounting members 30 are arranged along the height direction of the tensioned cable calibration frame 20. The tensioned cable displacement meter is installed on the support frame 10. The tensioned cable set comprises a main tensioned cable 61 and a backup tensioned cable 62. One end of the main tensioned cable 61 and one end of the backup tensioned cable 62 are respectively fixed on the corresponding mounting member 30. The other end of the main tensioned cable 61 is connected with the tensioned cable displacement meter, and the other end of the backup tensioned cable 62 is connected with the support frame 10. Here, the connection can be direct connection or indirect connection.

[0044] The release mechanism 70 is arranged at the top of the tensioned cable calibration frame 20. The release mechanism 70 can be switched between a locked state and a released state. When the release mechanism 70 is in the locked state, the release mechanism 70 fixes the backup tensioned cable 62. When the release mechanism 70 is in the released state, the backup tensioned cable 62 is separated from the release mechanism 70.

[0045] The main tensioned cable 61 and the backup tensioned cable 62 can be steel wire ropes. The tensioned cable calibration frame 20 is fixed on the rock wall 180 of the debris flow gully by expansion screws 200. The mounting member 30 can comprise a fixed circular tube. One end of the main tensioned cable 61 and one end of the backup tensioned cable 62 are fixed on the corresponding fixed circular tube in parallel. After the backup tensioned cable 62 is vertically pulled to the release mechanism 70 at the top of the tensioned cable calibration frame 20, it is pulled to the direction of the tensioned cable displacement meter, and is fixed on the protective cover outside the support frame 10, so as to facilitate replacement after the main tensioned cable 61 is broken due to natural disasters. The two ends of the fixed circular tube are fixedly connected with the two ends of the tensioned cable calibration frame 20 in the width direction, and the fixed circular tube is located below the release mechanism 70. The backup tensioned cable 62 can be multiple, and the fixed circular tube can be multiple fixed circular tubes corresponding to the backup tensioned cable 62. The multiple fixed circular tubes can be arranged at equal distances in the vertical direction, for example, they can be welded together. Each backup tensioned cable 62 can be fixed on the corresponding fixed circular tube. The multiple backup tensioned cables 62 have multiple installation heights, which can be selected according to actual needs to improve the monitoring accuracy and application range of the monitoring device 1.

[0046] Thus, when the main pull wire 61 is normally used, the release mechanism 70 is in a locked state, and the standby pull wire 62 is fixed on the top of the pull wire calibration frame 20 through the release mechanism 70. When the main pull wire 61 is damaged and needs to be replaced by the standby pull wire 62, the staff on the side of the support frame 10 disconnects the other end of the standby pull wire calibration frame from the protective cover outside the support frame 10, and pulls the standby pull wire 62 with force, so that the release mechanism 70 switches to a released state. At this time, the standby pull wire 62 is detached from the release mechanism 70, and after the standby pull wire 62 is installed to the pull wire displacement meter, it can be used as a new main pull wire 61, which is convenient to replace, and the replacement of the pull wire can be completed without going to the side of the pull wire calibration frame 20, so that the monitoring device 1 can be monitored in real time.

[0047] For example, the release mechanism 70 can include at least one of a spring hook and a magnetic attraction piece. The gap therebetween can be an electromagnetic attraction piece. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the example, the release mechanism 70 includes a spring hook, and the spring hook is a plurality of spring hooks, each of which is connected to a standby pull wire 62.

[0048] It can be understood that by applying the above-mentioned embodiment, the monitoring device can be arranged in a gully area of a debris flow to realize early warning, so that the monitoring device can realize continuous early warning, ensure high sensitivity, and realize real-time data transmission. Through the convenient switching of the main pull wire 61 and the standby pull wire 62, the effective monitoring of the monitoring device is ensured, and the problem that the steel wire rope of the pull wire displacement meter in the prior art is broken by a disaster source and cannot be replaced and fixed on the opposite side is solved.

[0049] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The pull wire displacement meter further includes a counterweight module 45, which is detachably connected to the other end of the main pull wire 61. For example, the counterweight module 45 can be a weight. The counterweight module 45 functions to ensure that the main pull wire 61 is in a tensioned state, so as to ensure that the main pull wire 61 is parallel to the river channel and reduce the monitoring error. The detachable counterweight module 45 can facilitate the installation of the counterweight module to the standby pull wire 62, so as to ensure the monitoring accuracy.

[0050] In some embodiments, the wire displacement meter further comprises a displacement meter body 41, a first fitting part 42 and a second fitting part 43, the displacement meter body 41 has a movable end 411 and a fixed end 412; the first fitting part 42 is fixedly connected with the movable end 411, and the main wire 61 drives the movable end 411 to move through the first fitting part 42; the second fitting part 43 is located on the side of the first fitting part 42 away from the displacement meter body 41, and the second fitting part 43 stops the first fitting part 42 when the movable end 411 moves to the maximum range. In this way, the overloading of the displacement meter body 41 caused by the excessive displacement of the main wire 61 in the event of a disaster can be prevented, the damage to the displacement meter body 41 of the wire displacement meter is avoided, and the service life is improved.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the top of the second fitting part 43 has a first pulley 44, and the main wire 61 is in sliding fit with the first pulley 44. By arranging the first pulley 44, the main wire 61 can be smoothly moved during displacement, so as to improve the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device 1.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the wire displacement meter further comprises a first fixed base 58 and a second fixed base 59, the first fixed base 58 is fixed to the end of the fixed end 412 facing the wire calibration frame 20, and the second fixed base 59 is fixed to the end of the fixed end 412 away from the wire calibration frame 20. At least one of the first fixed base 58 and the second fixed base 59 is detachably connected with the support frame 10. For example, the support frame 10 is detachably connected with the second fixed base 59. In this way, when the wire displacement meter body 41 is installed, the wire displacement meter body 41 can be first installed on the second fixed base 59, the wire displacement meter body 41 passes through the first fixed base 58, and then the second fixed base 59 is adjusted to the appropriate position and fixed by screws, and subsequent installation is performed. The setting of the split base can facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the wire displacement meter body 41, ensure that it is parallel to the main wire 61, and improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 7 to 9 , the wire displacement meter further comprises a connecting seat 46 and a mounting seat 54, the connecting seat 46 is movably assembled in the support frame 10, and the side of the connecting seat 46 facing the wire calibration frame 20 is provided with a working surface 461; the mounting seat 54 comprises a pulley base 541 and a second pulley 542, the pulley base 541 is fixedly connected with the working surface 461, the second pulley 542 is assembled in the pulley base 541, and the main wire 61 is in sliding fit with the second pulley 542.

[0054] In some embodiments, the working surface 461 has a plurality of first threaded holes 4611, the wire displacement gauge further comprises first threaded members 47 threadedly engaged with the first threaded holes 4611, the first threaded members 47 are arranged to pass through the first threaded holes 4611 and abut against the support frame 10; and / or, the wire displacement gauge further comprises a limiting plate 51 arranged on a side of the support frame 10 away from the working surface 461, the limiting plate 51 is movably mounted on the connecting seat 46 and arranged opposite to the working surface 461, the limiting plate 51 is configured with second threaded holes 511, and the wire displacement gauge further comprises second threaded members 52 threadedly engaged with the second threaded holes 511, the second threaded members 52 are arranged to pass through the second threaded holes 511 and abut against the support frame 10.

[0055] For example, as shown in Figure 1 The wire displacement gauge further comprises a third pulley 55, a fourth pulley 56 and a fifth pulley 57, the third pulley 55 is arranged on a side of the first pulley 44 facing the wire calibration frame 20, the fourth pulley 56 is arranged on a side of the first pulley 44 away from the wire calibration frame 20, and the fifth pulley 57 is arranged on a side of the support frame 10 facing the wire calibration frame 20. The main wire 61 can be slidably engaged with the plurality of pulleys, which facilitates positioning and installation, and ensures the parallelism of the main wire 61 with the support frame 10.

[0056] The wire displacement gauge comprises the connecting seat 46, the mounting seat 54 and the first threaded members 47, the connecting seat 46 is assembled on the support frame 10, the connecting seat 46 is configured with a working surface 461 arranged on one side of the support frame 10, a pulley base 541 is welded on the working surface 461, and the working surface 461 is configured with a plurality of first threaded holes 4611, the mounting seat 54 is fixedly connected to the working surface 461, and the main wire 61 is slidably connected to the mounting seat 54. Figure 1 As shown in The mounting seat 54 can comprise the pulley base 541 and a second pulley 542, the pulley base 541 is welded on the connecting seat 46, and the second pulley 542 is fixedly arranged on the pulley base 541, the main wire 61 passes through the outer circumferential surface of the second pulley 542, so that a part of the main wire 61 extends in the vertical direction and another part extends in the horizontal direction. The main wire 61 can be a steel wire rope. The first threaded members 47 are threadedly engaged with the first threaded holes 4611, the first threaded members 47 are arranged in a plurality of corresponding first threaded holes 4611, the first threaded members 47 pass through the first threaded holes 4611 and abut against the support frame 10. It should be noted that the first threaded members 47 can directly contact the support frame 10 to abut against each other, or indirectly contact the support frame 10 to abut against each other.

[0057] For example, a plurality of first threaded holes 4611 can be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the working surface 461, and the first threaded holes 4611 can be four, which are arranged at four corners of the working surface 461 respectively, so as to ensure that the parallelism in the vertical direction can be adjusted when the first threaded part 47 is rotated. Alternatively, the horizontality in the transverse direction can also be adjusted. The outer circumferential surface of the second pulley 542 can have a groove structure, so as to facilitate the installation of the main pull wire 61 and adjust the parallelism of the main pull wire 61 in the transverse direction.

[0058] Thus, the relative fixation between the connecting seat 46 and the support frame 10 can be achieved when the first threaded part 47 is stopped, and the plurality of first threaded parts 47 can disperse the acting force, thereby improving the connection stability between the connecting seat 46 and the support frame 10. When it is necessary to adjust the parallelism between the main pull wire 61 and the support frame 10, the contact and abutting degree of the different first threaded parts 47 with the support frame 10 can be adjusted by rotating different first threaded parts 47, so as to adjust the displacement amount of different positions of the working surface 461 relative to the support frame 10, thereby playing a role in adjusting the parallelism of the main pull wire 61.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pull-wire displacement meter can further include a plurality of first buffer sleeves 48 corresponding to the plurality of first threaded parts 47, and the first buffer sleeves 48 are sleeved on the first threaded parts 47. One end of the first buffer sleeve 48 is fixed to the support frame 10. By arranging the first buffer sleeve 48, the abrasion can be reduced, and the loosening can be avoided, thereby increasing the stability of the adjustment and connection with the support frame 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The connecting seat 46 is configured with a fixing surface 462, which is arranged to face the support frame 10. The fixing surface 462 is configured with a plurality of through holes 4621 for the plurality of first buffer sleeves 48 to pass through. The fixing surface 462 can be arranged to be attached to the support frame 10, and the fixing surface 462 and the working surface 461 are arranged oppositely and can be collectively configured as a frame-shaped structure with other structures. Thus, by arranging the fixing surface 462 and the through holes 4621, the structural stability can be improved, the stable transmission of the acting force can be ensured, the stability and precision of the adjustment of the parallelism can be ensured, and the measurement precision of the pull-wire displacement meter can be improved.

[0061] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The pull-wire displacement meter can further include a nut 49, which is threadedly connected with the first threaded part 47 and located on the side of the working surface 461 facing the support frame 10. In this way, on the one hand, the axial displacement amount of the first threaded part 47 can be limited, and on the other hand, the stability of the pull-wire displacement meter can be improved, and the loosening can be prevented.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 The connecting seat 46 further comprises a first side surface and a second side surface 464, which are connected to opposite sides of the working surface 461, respectively. The first side surface, the second side surface 464 and the working surface 461 enclose a receiving cavity for receiving the support frame 10, and the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface 464 is greater than the outer diameter of the support frame 10. In this way, a movement space is reserved for moving the connecting seat 46 in a direction opposite to the first side surface and the second side surface 464, so as to improve the adjustable range of the wire displacement gauge.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The wire displacement gauge can further comprise a limiting plate 51, which is movably installed on the first side surface and the second side surface 464, respectively. The limiting plate 51 is arranged opposite to the working surface 461, and the limiting plate 51 and the support frame 10 have an abutting state and a separated state. For example, the connecting seat 46 is movably arranged on the support frame 10. In this way, when the limiting plate 51 and the support frame 10 are in the abutting state, a stable closed structure is formed, the rigidity of the whole is improved, and the structural stability of the wire displacement gauge is improved. When the limiting plate 51 and the support frame 10 are in the separated state, the position of the connecting seat 46 relative to the support frame 10 can be adjusted, so as to adapt to more measurement conditions and improve the application range of the wire displacement gauge. For example, the limiting plate 51 can be a steel plate, so as to ensure the structural reliability.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The limiting plate 51 is provided with a second threaded hole 511, and the wire displacement gauge further comprises a second threaded member 52, which is screwed with the second threaded hole 511. When in the abutting state, the second threaded member 52 is adapted to abut against the support frame 10. Here, the “abutting against” can mean that the two are in direct contact to abut against each other, or that the two are in indirect contact to abut against each other. In this way, the second threaded member 52 abuts against a side of the support frame 10 away from the first threaded member 47, so as to provide a supporting force for the support frame 10, and further improve the measurement accuracy of the wire displacement gauge.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The second threaded hole 511 is a plurality of second threaded holes 511, and the projections of the plurality of second threaded holes 511 and the plurality of first threaded holes 4611 in the axial direction of the second threaded hole 511 do not coincide, that is, the orthographic projections on the support frame 10 are arranged staggered. In this way, it is beneficial to disperse the stress points and to realize the multi-dimensional adjustment of the connecting seat 46.

[0066] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the tensioned displacement meter further comprises a second buffer sleeve 53, which is sleeved on the second screw 52, and one end of the second buffer sleeve 53 is fixed on the support frame 10 to ensure the stability of the contact between the second screw 52 and the support frame 10. For example, the second buffer sleeve 53 can extend to the end face of the second screw 52, that is, the second screw 52 contacts the support frame 10 through the second screw 52, which can further reduce wear, absorb vibration during adjustment, and disperse pressure.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the first side is configured with a first mounting hole, and the second side 464 is configured with a second mounting hole 4641, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 4641 at least partially overlap, one end of the limiting plate 51 is movably inserted into the first mounting hole, and the other end of the limiting plate 51 is movably inserted into the second mounting hole 4641. For example, the first mounting hole is adapted to the outer contour of the above-mentioned one end of the limiting plate 51, the second mounting hole 4641 is adapted to the outer contour of the above-mentioned other end of the limiting plate 51, the size of the first mounting hole in the vertical direction is greater than the size of the one end of the limiting plate 51 in the vertical direction, the size of the second mounting hole 4641 in the vertical direction is greater than the size of the other end of the limiting plate 51 in the vertical direction, the size of the first mounting hole in the longitudinal direction is greater than the size of the one end of the limiting plate 51 in the longitudinal direction, and the size of the second mounting hole 4641 in the longitudinal direction is greater than the size of the other end of the limiting plate 51 in the longitudinal direction, so that the two ends of the limiting plate 51 have sufficient movement space, and the position of the limiting plate 51 in the vertical direction relative to the support frame 10 can be adjusted, thereby further improving the accuracy of the parallelism of the main tensioned wire 61 and the support frame 10. When the connecting seat 46 is movably installed on the support frame 10 in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, the vertical displacement of the limiting plate 51 can change the inclination angle of the connecting seat 46, thereby correcting the vertical parallelism deviation of the main tensioned wire 61.

[0068] Referring to Figures 1 to 9The support frame 10 can be a rectangular tube bearing support frame, which is part of the main support frame of the cable displacement meter. The support frame 10 can be made of steel, and has high hardness and a thickness greater than or equal to 4 mm, so as to bear the weight of the connecting seat 46. The connecting seat 46 can be configured as a U-shaped clamping structure, and can be made of steel. In this way, the connecting seat 46 has high hardness and is simple to process. When the limiting plate 51 is separated from the support frame 10, the limiting plate 51 is movably arranged on the support frame 10 and can be stopped at any position in the vertical direction of the support frame 10 under the action of the first threaded member 47 and the second threaded member 52, and the connecting seat 46 can also move in the longitudinal direction. The first threaded member 47 and the second threaded member 52 can be configured to have the same size, and the first buffer sleeve 48 and the second buffer sleeve 53 have the same specification and are processed at one time.

[0069] The limiting plate 51 can be a steel plate to ensure its structural reliability. The orthographic projection of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 4641 on the support frame 10 does not coincide with the support frame 10. The length and width of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 4641 are determined by the size of the two ends of the limiting plate 51. For example, the vertical size of the opening of the first mounting hole is 1 cm larger than the vertical size of the limiting plate 51, which reserves sufficient space for the movement of the limiting plate 51 and ensures the flexibility of installation and adjustment.

[0070] The working principle of the cable displacement meter is as follows: The connecting seat 46 is installed at a predetermined position of the support frame 10, the pulley base 541 is welded in the middle of the working surface 461 of the connecting seat 46, and the main cable 61 passes through the second pulley 542 and is fixed in a predetermined position parallel to the ground. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 6, the four first threaded members 47 pass through the four first threaded holes 4611 of the working surface 461 one by one, and each first threaded member 47 is sleeved with a first buffer sleeve 48 and stably contacts the support frame 10. The second threaded member 52 passes through the four second threaded holes 511 of the limiting plate 51, and the second threaded member 52 is sleeved with a second buffer sleeve 53, which can ensure that the cable displacement meter stably contacts the support frame 10. By simultaneously adjusting the first threaded member 47 and the second threaded member 52, the parallelism between the main cable 61 and the support frame 10 can be more accurately adjusted, and the connecting seat 46 can be firmly fixed on the support frame 10, so as to ensure the stability of the overall structure and improve the measurement accuracy and safety.

[0071] Therefore, by arranging the first threaded member 47 and the second threaded member 52, the horizontal and vertical high-precision adjustment of the main cable 61 on the second pulley 542 can be realized, the parallelism between the main cable 61, the measured structure and the support frame 10 can be ensured, the measurement accuracy of the cable displacement meter can be improved, and the error can be reduced.

[0072] Meanwhile, the design of the limiting plate 51 and the first buffer sleeve 48 ensures that the pull wire displacement meter can be firmly fixed after installation, avoiding loosening or deviation. The reliability and stability of the measurement results are enhanced, and the measurement error caused by loosening of the pull wire displacement meter is reduced.

[0073] In addition, the pull wire displacement meter has a simple structure and an intuitive adjustment process. The horizontal and vertical adjustment of the main pull wire 61 can be completed by rotating the first threaded part 47 and the second threaded part 52, which can reduce the difficulty of installation and adjustment, shorten the construction time, and improve the construction efficiency.

[0074] In addition, the connecting seat 46 of the pull wire displacement meter can be made of high-strength materials such as steel. The first buffer sleeve 48 and the second buffer sleeve 53 can reduce the wear and vibration of the pull wire displacement meter during use, prolong the service life of the pull wire displacement meter, and reduce the maintenance cost. The pull wire displacement meter can be applied to various specifications of the main pull wire 61 and the support frame 10, and has good universality. It meets the needs of different engineering projects and improves the application range of the pull wire displacement meter.

[0075] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 In some embodiments, the plurality of pulley combinations constitute a limiting pulley set and are installed on the support frame 10. When the main pull wire 61 is pulled to the maximum range, it just contacts the limiting pulley set and provides strong support. This arrangement can avoid damage to the main pull wire 61 due to direct bearing of large forces, and can also improve the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device.

[0076] In some embodiments, a connecting seat 46 for adjusting the horizontal and vertical adjustment of the main pull wire 61 is provided at the vertical end of the support frame 10. This arrangement can adjust the parallelism of the main pull wire 61 and the vertical section of the support frame 10, and also ensures that the positional relationship between the main pull wire 61 and the river remains consistent, thereby achieving detection of small changes in the middle of the river and effectively improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0077] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 1 further includes a power distribution data transceiver mechanism 80, a monitoring platform 110, a power supply system, and an audible and visual alarm 120. The power distribution data transceiver mechanism 80 includes a stand 81, a solar panel 82, and a control box 83. The solar panel 82 is fixed to the top of the stand 81, and the control box 83 is fixed to the middle of the stand 81. The control box 83 is fixed with a fiber optic transceiver 84 and a data conversion module 85. The electrical connection line of the pull wire displacement meter is electrically connected to the data conversion module 85. The data conversion module 85 converts the analog signal of the pull wire displacement meter into a digital signal and transmits it to the monitoring platform 110 through the fiber optic transceiver 84. Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 8, the control box 83 is also fixed with a lithium battery 86 and a voltage controller 87.

[0078] The current conventional debris flow monitoring method mainly relies on GPS, total station and the like, which has high accuracy, but is difficult to realize large-scale, high-density real-time monitoring due to the complexity of the terrain and the cost of the equipment. The radar, satellite remote sensing and the like have wide coverage, but are greatly affected by weather conditions and cannot realize high-frequency real-time monitoring.

[0079] The optical fiber transceiver 84 is arranged to realize real-time data transmission by using optical fiber, and the high-frequency data set transmission frequency can be set to ensure the real-time and continuity of the data.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7 The protective cover is arranged on the retaining wall 100, and the retaining wall 100 surrounds the outer periphery of the wire displacement meter. The protective cover is provided with a handle 93 for binding the standby wire 62. The protective cover and the retaining wall 100 can jointly form a containing space for accommodating the wire displacement meter and the support frame 10, which can avoid external environment erosion of the internal wire displacement meter, prevent rain and snow from falling on the wire displacement meter, and when the standby wire 62 is needed for monitoring, the standby wire 62 can be detached from the protective cover to realize real-time monitoring.

[0081] The second aspect embodiment of the application provides a warning method suitable for the monitoring device 1 of the debris flow narrow ditch in the canyon area, which is used for the monitoring device 1 suitable for the debris flow narrow ditch in the canyon area as above. The warning method comprises the following steps:

[0082] The historical horizontal displacement amount of the main wire 61 in the previous N days is measured;

[0083] A plurality of warning thresholds are set according to the historical horizontal displacement amount, and a plurality of risk levels are correspondingly formed;

[0084] The real-time horizontal displacement amount of the main wire 61 is measured;

[0085] The real-time horizontal displacement amount is compared with the plurality of warning thresholds to determine the corresponding risk level;

[0086] According to the determined risk level, the corresponding warning signal is triggered.

[0087] When the disaster source touches the main wire 61 and drives the main wire 61 to move, the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 on the support frame 10 is pulled to move, and the movement amount is the horizontal displacement amount. The calculation formula of the horizontal displacement amount is Ji=K(Fi-F0), wherein:

[0088] J - the deformation value (displacement value) of the joint meter; K - the calibration coefficient of the joint meter, provided by the manufacturer; F0 - the zero point output module value of the joint meter; Fi - the output module value of the joint meter corresponding to Ji moment.

[0089] Wherein: the sign of the calculated physical quantity, the positive value is stretching, and the negative value is shrinking. The maximum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmax = 18 to 25 mm, and the minimum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmin = 0 mm. At the same time, a plurality of early warning thresholds are set according to the historical horizontal displacement, corresponding to a plurality of risk levels, and the risk levels can be divided into: low risk, medium risk, high risk, and extremely high risk, corresponding to the first, second, third and fourth early warning signals, and the blue, yellow, orange and red optical alarm signals are correspondingly emitted.

[0090] In an embodiment, the maximum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmax = 21 mm, and the minimum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmin = 0 mm.

[0091] In an embodiment, the maximum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmax = 24 mm, and the minimum range of the movable end 411 of the wire displacement meter body 41 is Jmin = 0 mm.

[0092] In an embodiment, the wire displacement meter body 41 on the pulling support frame 10 can use GTK490 sensor, and the main parameters are as follows:

[0093] Measurement span (m): 1-50; measurement range (mm): 50; 100; 200; minimum reading K (mm / F): ≤0.02; ≤0.03; ≤0.06; resolution r (%F.S): ≤0.03; integrated error (%F.S): 1.0; temperature measurement range (℃): -30 degrees to 90 degrees; temperature measurement accuracy (℃): ±0.3; working environment temperature (℃): -25 degrees to 70 degrees; water pressure resistance (MPa): 1.0 MPa; insulation resistance (M): under the rated water pressure, the insulation resistance is greater than 50 MΩ. F.S represents full scale output; overrange: 1.2 times the rated range is allowed.

[0094] In an embodiment, the following is combined Figures 1-11 The construction steps of the monitoring device 1 suitable for the debris flow narrow valley of the canyon area are described as follows:

[0095] 1. Site selection. When selecting the monitoring point in the narrow gully of the canyon area, the area with narrow river channel and gentle flow should be selected as priority. The construction position of the tensioned displacement meter should be considered, which should be ensured to be higher than the flood level of the river channel by more than 0.5 meters, and the tensioning calibration frame 20 is fixed on the bedrock wall 180 of the river channel. The specific layout can refer to the flood marks of the bedrock wall 180 over the years to ensure that the position of the tensioning calibration frame 20 is more reasonable, thereby maximizing the high-precision monitoring of the river disaster source.

[0096] 2. Foundation excavation. After the site selection of the monitoring point is completed, the foundation is excavated to a length of 1.5 meters, a width of 1 meter, and a depth of 1.1 meters, and the bottom of the foundation pit is tamped and treated. The tree roots and other sundries in the foundation pit are treated.

[0097] 3. Concrete base 190 civil construction. As shown in Figure 4 , 0.3 meters thick medium gravel is laid on the bottom of the cushion layer, and the formwork is supported, and the steel reinforcement framework 130 is laid as shown in Figure 2 . The support frame 10 is installed at the middle position of the steel reinforcement framework 130, and the two support legs of the support frame 10 are 1.5 meters long and made of cast iron. The two support legs are provided with fixed steel plates 140 at the bottom, and anchor vertical bars 150 are inserted into the four corners of the fixed steel plates 140, which are deep into the cushion layer, so as to ensure that the support frame 10 remains vertical and firm after installation. The working surface 461 of the support frame 10 is 1.1 meters long and 0.15 meters wide. After the support frame 10 is laid, the concrete is poured and vibrated using a power distribution type vibrating rod to ensure that the concrete is dense. A level is placed on the working surface 461 of the support frame 10 to monitor and ensure that the support frame 10 remains horizontal and vertical. When the concrete is poured to the top of the formwork, the surface is smoothed, and the construction of the concrete base 190 is completed.

[0098] 4. Concrete retaining wall 100 construction. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , after the concrete base 190 is solidified, the concrete retaining wall 100 is poured. First, the formwork is supported, and the height of the concrete retaining wall 100 is 0.8 meters. The width of the retaining wall 100 is 0.15 meters. During the specific construction, a rectangular window 1002 is left in the direction towards the tensioning calibration frame 20 as an observation window for the tensioning, and the size of the rectangular window 1002 is 0.8 meters high and 0.25 meters wide. A threading hole 1001 is left at the position of the terminal cable of the tensioned displacement meter on the concrete retaining wall 100, for example, a PVC pipe can be used.

[0099] 5. Tensioned displacement meter installation. As shown in Figure 1The threaded holes reserved on the working surface 461 of the support frame 10 are sequentially used for the installation of the third pulley 55, the second matching part 43, the first fixed base 58, the second fixed base, the fourth pulley 56, and the like, and then the installation of the body 41 of the wire displacement meter is performed. First, the body 41 of the wire displacement meter is passed through the first fixed base 58, the second fixed base 59 is adjusted to the designed position, and then is fixed by screws. After that, the front end of the wire is passed through the wire threading hole 1001 of the first matching part 42, sequentially passes through the first pulley 44 on the second matching part 43, the third pulley 55, the fifth pulley 57, and finally changes direction through the second pulley 542 and is parallelly transmitted to the structure end of the wire calibration frame 20. The end of the wire is passed through the wire threading hole 1001 at the fourth pulley 56, extends to the lower part of the support frame 10 along the guide direction, and provides support for placing the weight later. At the same time, the bolts of each part of the support frame 10 are tightened, and thus the installation of the wire displacement meter is completed. The frequency modulus value is read by the reading instrument to determine the initial value selection.

[0100] 6. Installation of the mounting seat 54 and the connecting seat 46. The connecting seat 46 can be freely placed at any designed position on the vertical bearing surface of the support frame 10, and the second pulley 542 is welded at the middle position of the working surface 461 of the connecting seat 46. The first pulley base 541 is installed on the connecting seat 46. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 4641 are opened on the first side surface and the second side surface 464 of the connecting seat 46. The limiting plate 51 passes through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 4641 on the two side surfaces to form a stable closed structure and ensure firm clamping. The first threaded part 47 passes through the first threaded hole 4611 designed on the working surface 461 of the connecting seat 46, and the first buffer sleeve 48 is respectively sleeved on the first threaded part 47 and stably contacts the support frame 10. The second threaded part 52 passes through the threaded holes on the four corners of the limiting plate 51, and the second buffer sleeve 53 is respectively sleeved on the second threaded part 52 to ensure stable contact with the support frame 10. By adjusting the first threaded part 47 and the second threaded part 52, the parallelism of the main wire 61 and the support frame 10 can be accurately adjusted, and the connecting seat 46 is firmly fixed on the support frame 10 to ensure the stability of the whole structure and improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0101] 7. Installation of the wire calibration frame 20. The wire calibration frame 20 is installed at the bottom of the base rock wall 180 of the debris flow valley above the normal water level mark, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7The pull line calibration frame 20 is made of pig iron and has a height of 1.2 meters. A plurality of groups of fixed circular pipes are vertically arranged on the pull line calibration frame 20 at intervals of 0.2 meters. The main pull line 61 is parallelly fixed on the fixed circular pipes of the pull line calibration frame 20. In consideration of the fact that the main pull line 61 will be damaged by the disaster source when a natural disaster occurs, in order to ensure the real-time performance of the debris flow monitoring, it is necessary to consider that the monitoring personnel cannot pull the standby pull line 62 on the side of the pull line calibration frame 20 after the disaster occurs. Therefore, the standby pull line 62 is fixed on each fixed circular pipe and vertically pulled through the spring hook on the top of the pull line calibration frame 20 and pulled to the handle 93 fixed on the protective cover. The distance between each standby pull line 62 and the fixed circular pipe is increased by about 2 meters in turn, so as to facilitate the installation. When the pull line is replaced, the spring hook is loosened and falls into the river channel when the standby pull line 62 at the debris flow equipment end is pulled with great force. After the standby pull line 62 is fixed on the pull line type displacement meter, the weight is placed to tighten the standby pull line 62 and make it parallel to the river channel.

[0102] 8. Straightening the pull line. The standby pull line 62 and the weight counterweight are connected through the steel wire clamp or clamping piece on the weight tray. First, the pre-threaded indium steel wire is inserted into the guide pulley groove and pulled tight. Then, the corresponding weight is placed on the tray until the pull line is pulled tight and parallel to the river channel.

[0103] 9. Installation of the power distribution data transceiver mechanism 80. A sunny place near the monitoring end of the pull line type displacement meter is selected as the construction point of the power distribution data transceiver mechanism 80. After the procedures such as foundation pit excavation and pre-embedded part pouring, the vertical rod 81 is fixed with the pre-embedded part. At the same time, the installation of the matching equipment on the vertical rod 81 is carried out. The specific steps are as follows: the solar panel bracket is tied on the top of the vertical rod 81, and the solar panel is installed on the solar panel bracket. The control box 83 is fixed at the middle position of the vertical rod 81, and the inside is provided with a voltage controller 87, a lithium battery 86, an optical fiber transceiver 84 and a data conversion module 85. The cable of the pull line type displacement meter is connected to the data conversion module 85 inside the control box 83 through the threading hole 1001 on the concrete retaining wall 100. The cable is protected by a PVC pipe during implementation. The pipe is protected by deep burying.

[0104] In the high mountain and valley area, there is no network signal wireless transmission scheme available, and the Beidou satellite receiving difference causes the monitoring data to be unable to be transmitted in real time. The river channel is curved and the trees are dense, so the relay net scheme is not desirable. The optimal scheme is to lay optical fibers and use wired transmission, which is the most stable. The specific laying method is as follows: according to the distance, the artificial laying method is adopted, and each person carries 200 meters of cable. Starting from the last person, the one-time cable is laid in turn until the first person completes the laying. Finally, the monitoring platform 110 and the power distribution data transceiver mechanism 80 end are connected to ensure the real-time transmission of data.

[0105] 11. Monitoring platform 110 deployment. The monitoring platform 110 is deployed at the debris flow gully of the construction or residential area, ensuring that the power supply and network are in real-time normal operation, and the sound and light alarm 120 is deployed in the stand 81 or roof position. When natural disasters occur, timely warnings are issued to ensure the safety of personnel in the construction area or residents at the gully mouth.

[0106] 12. Monitoring equipment protection and ecological restoration. When the monitoring data of the wireline displacement meter can be transmitted in real time, the equipment needs to be protected. The protective cover is composed of two protective covers, the first protective cover 91 and the second protective cover 92, and a handle 93 is arranged on the top of each protective cover. The length of the top of each protective cover is 1 meter, the width is 0.7 meters, and the thickness is 0.04 meters. At the same time, the stone 170 is stacked on the upstream side of the concrete retaining wall 100 in the debris flow gully, which effectively prevents the disaster source carried by the debris flow from damaging the concrete retaining wall 100 and improves the impact resistance and overall safety of the retaining wall 100. Wild grass is planted on the downstream side of the concrete retaining wall 100 near the river channel 160, which not only effectively protects the consistency of the construction area and the surrounding environment, but also enhances the ecological restoration effect and reduces soil erosion.

[0107] 13. Monitoring operation and early warning response settings. After receiving the data of the wireline displacement meter, the data processing unit of the monitoring platform 110 analyzes the displacement change. First, data observation is performed for several days, and then the early warning value is set. The working principle is that when the debris flow gully touches the main wire 61, the value of the wireline displacement meter changes, and the data is transmitted to the monitoring platform 110 for analysis. When the threshold value is exceeded, an instruction is sent to the sound and light alarm 120 to alarm, providing sufficient reaction time for downstream construction personnel and residents to evacuate in time and ensure the safety of property and personnel life.

[0108] When the disaster source touches the wire and moves the wire, it pulls the displacement meter sensor on the installation support frame 10 to move, and the movement amount is the horizontal displacement amount. The displacement value is calculated as Ji = K (Fi - F0), and the maximum range of the wireline displacement is represented by Jmax. The minimum value is represented by Jmin. At the same time, the risk level can be divided into low risk, medium risk, high risk, and extremely high risk, corresponding to early warning signals of levels I, II, III, and IV, and blue, yellow, orange, and red optical alarm signals are emitted accordingly. The specific judgment method is shown in the following formula:

[0109] In an embodiment, the maximum range of the wireline displacement is Jmax = 21, and the minimum value is Jmin = 0. The specific judgment method of the real-time horizontal displacement amount is shown in the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Risk level = low risk;

[0112]

[0113] Risk level = medium risk;

[0114]

[0115] Risk level = higher risk;

[0116]

[0117] Risk level = very high risk.

[0118] That is, if the value of Ji is between 0 and 2.1 mm, it is low risk, and so on. When the monitoring data exceeds the set early warning threshold, the audible and visual alarm 120 issues a corresponding early warning, and the relevant personnel in the affected area are notified to evacuate. In this way, through the early warning method, the risk level can be accurately determined, so that the relevant personnel can safely evacuate. When the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold, the audible and visual alarm 120 issues a corresponding early warning, warning the relevant personnel in the affected area to evacuate.

[0119] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components presented in the application. The application can have other implementations and can be implemented and executed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the application. It should be understood that the application disclosed and defined in the application extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the description and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the application. The embodiments described in the application illustrate the best way known to the inventors for carrying out the application and will enable a person skilled in the art to utilize the application.

Claims

1. A monitoring device suitable for use in a gully of a debris flow in a canyon region, characterized in that, The application relates to a support frame, a tension cable calibration frame fixed on both sides of a gully area debris flow gully, a plurality of mounting members fixed on the tension cable calibration frame and arranged along the height direction of the tension cable calibration frame, a tension cable displacement meter installed on the support frame, a tension cable group including a main tension cable and a standby tension cable, one end of the main tension cable and one end of the standby tension cable being fixed on corresponding mounting members, the other end of the main tension cable being connected with the tension cable displacement meter, the other end of the standby tension cable being connected with the support frame, a release mechanism arranged on the top of the tension cable calibration frame, the release mechanism being switchable between a locking state and a release state, the release mechanism fixing the standby tension cable when the release mechanism is in the locking state, and the standby tension cable being separated from the release mechanism when the release mechanism is in the release state. The tension cable displacement meter includes a counterweight module which is detachably connected with the other end of the main tension cable. The tension cable displacement meter further includes a displacement meter body having a movable end and a fixed end, a first matching member fixedly connected with the movable end, the main tension cable moving the movable end through the first matching member, and a second matching member located on the side of the first matching member away from the displacement meter body, the second matching member stopping the first matching member when the movable end moves to the maximum range. The top of the second matching member is provided with a first pulley, and the main tension cable is in sliding cooperation with the first pulley. The tension cable displacement meter further includes a first fixed base fixing one end of the fixed end facing the tension cable calibration frame, a second fixed base fixing the other end of the fixed end away from the tension cable calibration frame, and at least one of the first fixed base and the second fixed base being detachably connected with the support frame. The tension cable displacement meter further includes a connecting seat movably assembled on the support frame, the side of the connecting seat facing the tension cable calibration frame being configured with a working surface, a mounting seat including a pulley base and a second pulley, the pulley base being fixedly connected with the working surface, and the second pulley being assembled on the pulley base, the main tension cable being in sliding cooperation with the second pulley. The working surface is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes, the tension cable displacement meter further includes a first threaded member in threaded cooperation with the first threaded holes, and the first threaded member is arranged in the first threaded holes and adapted to abut against the support frame.

2. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in the gully area according to claim 1, characterized in that, And / or, the tension cable displacement meter further includes a limiting plate located on the side of the support frame away from the working surface, the limiting plate being movably installed on the connecting seat and oppositely arranged with the working surface, the limiting plate being configured with a second threaded hole, the tension cable displacement meter further includes a second threaded member in threaded cooperation with the second threaded hole, and the second threaded member is arranged in the second threaded hole and adapted to abut against the support frame.

3. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, ​ 5. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ 6. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ 7. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ 8. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring device further comprises a power distribution data transceiver mechanism, the power distribution data transceiver mechanism comprises a vertical rod, a solar panel and a control box, the solar panel is fixed to the top of the vertical rod, the control box is fixed to the middle of the vertical rod, the control box is fixed with a fiber transceiver and a data conversion module, the electric connection line of the guyed displacement meter is electrically connected with the data conversion module, the data conversion module converts the analog signal of the guyed displacement meter into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the monitoring platform through the fiber transceiver.

9. The monitoring device suitable for monitoring of debris flow gullies in canyon areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring device further comprises a protective cover and a retaining wall, the protective cover is arranged on the retaining wall, the retaining wall surrounds the outer periphery of the guyed displacement meter, and the protective cover is provided with a handle for binding the spare guy.

10. A warning method for a monitoring device suitable for use in a gully of a debris flow in a canyon area, characterized by, The early warning method for the monitoring device suitable for the debris flow narrow gully in the canyon area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Measuring the historical horizontal displacement of the main guy in the previous N days; Setting a plurality of early warning thresholds according to the historical horizontal displacement, and corresponding to form a plurality of risk levels; Measuring the real-time horizontal displacement of the main guy; Comparing the real-time horizontal displacement with the plurality of early warning thresholds to determine the corresponding risk level; According to the determined risk level, the corresponding early warning signal is triggered.

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