Bluetooth chip low-power-consumption wireless battery charging and discharging management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of Bluetooth chip low-power-consumption management, and discloses a Bluetooth chip low-power-consumption wireless battery charging and discharging management system. The system comprises a protocol analysis module, a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module, a charging and discharging control module and a dual-mode radio frequency energy acquisition module. The protocol analysis module obtains a broadcast interval parameter, an equipment state identifier and an energy mode instruction in a Bluetooth chip communication protocol; the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module analyzes the protocol data and constructs a dynamic adjustment architecture; the charging and discharging control module generates a charging and discharging loop control signal according to the architecture; the dual-mode radio frequency energy acquisition module selects a wireless charging mode or a battery power supply mode according to the current energy source state and the communication protocol data. The system realizes self-adaptive regulation and control of energy management of the Bluetooth device, reduces the overall power consumption, and prolongs the endurance time of the device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-power management of Bluetooth chips, in particular to a low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system for Bluetooth chips. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bluetooth devices are widely used in the Internet of Things and wearable devices, and their energy management directly affects the endurance and user experience of the devices. Traditional Bluetooth devices often use fixed strategies for energy management, such as switching modes according to battery power thresholds or using a timing detection mechanism to adjust power consumption. Such methods lack the ability to dynamically respond to the actual running state of the device and the communication environment, making it difficult to adapt to changing use scenarios.

[0003] In the prior art, the energy management of Bluetooth chips relies mainly on hardware circuit design, such as triggering a charging switch through a voltage comparator, or using basic software strategies such as sleep-wake mechanisms. These methods can achieve some degree of energy saving, but they do not fully consider the actual impact of communication parameters such as broadcast intervals and connection events in the Bluetooth protocol on energy consumption. On the other hand, existing wireless energy harvesting systems usually operate independently of the communication protocol, switching modes only based on energy source strength, and fail to coordinate with device communication behavior, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] In addition, most existing systems use a single energy management mode and lack the ability to smoothly switch between mixed energy sources such as radio frequency energy harvesting and battery power. When environmental energy fluctuates greatly, it is easy to frequently switch power supply modes, which in turn increases system loss and reduces system stability. Some solutions attempt to introduce rule-based energy distribution strategies, but still lack deep analysis and utilization of the Bluetooth protocol layer, and cannot achieve true dynamic power consumption matching. Therefore, a system that deeply integrates Bluetooth communication protocols and energy management mechanisms is needed, which can build a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture through real-time analysis of protocol parameters, thereby achieving more precise and adaptive charging and discharging control and improving the energy use efficiency and endurance performance of Bluetooth devices in complex environments. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system for Bluetooth chips to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system for Bluetooth chips, which comprises: A protocol analysis module is used to obtain communication protocol data of a Bluetooth chip; wherein the communication protocol data includes broadcast interval parameters, device state identifiers, and energy mode instructions. a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module, configured to perform protocol analysis on the communication protocol data to obtain protocol analysis parameters, and construct a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture according to the protocol analysis parameters; a charge-discharge control module, configured to generate charge-discharge loop control signals based on the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; a dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module, configured to obtain a current energy source state, and select a wireless charging mode or a battery power supply mode based on the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and each of the charge-discharge loop control signals.

[0007] Preferably, before the protocol analysis module obtains the communication protocol data of the Bluetooth chip, the protocol analysis module further comprises: a configuration management module, configured to configure and analyze an initial communication protocol based on a Bluetooth Low Energy protocol specification and according to a preset protocol configuration rule to obtain the communication protocol data.

[0008] Preferably, the protocol analysis on the communication protocol data to obtain protocol analysis parameters comprises: identifying an energy management field in the communication protocol data; wherein the energy management field comprises a broadcast interval field, a power consumption level field, and a device working mode field; performing analysis and extraction on the communication protocol data according to the energy management field to obtain a broadcast interval parameter, a power consumption level parameter, and a device working mode parameter.

[0009] Preferably, the construction of the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture according to the protocol analysis parameters comprises: generating a dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy according to the broadcast interval parameter, the power consumption level parameter, and the device working mode parameter; constructing the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture according to the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy.

[0010] Preferably, the generation of the charge-discharge loop control signals based on the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture comprises: generating a charging loop trigger signal based on a dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; generating a discharging loop control signal based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; generating a standby wake-up synchronization signal based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture.

[0011] Preferably, the selection of the wireless charging mode or the battery power supply mode based on the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and each of the charge-discharge loop control signals comprises: activating a wireless charging mode based on a device working mode parameter in the communication protocol data, the current energy source state and the charging loop trigger signal; switching to a battery power mode based on the device working mode parameter in the communication protocol data, the current energy source state and the discharging loop control signal; controlling a periodic wake-up timing of the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module based on the broadcast interval parameter and the standby wake-up synchronization signal.

[0012] Preferably, the system further comprises: an adaptive load prediction module configured to generate a load prediction result based on historical device usage data and real-time state parameters, and to transmit the load prediction result to the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module to update the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy.

[0013] Preferably, the system further comprises: a hardware trigger management module configured to receive the charging and discharging loop control signal, and to generate a hardware-level switching instruction based on the charging and discharging loop control signal to control the physical on-off of the charging and discharging loop.

[0014] Preferably, the system further comprises: a beacon broadcast coordination module configured to coordinate a Bluetooth beacon broadcast timing and the standby wake-up synchronization signal based on the broadcast interval parameter to synchronously control the working states of the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module and the charging and discharging control module.

[0015] Preferably, the system further comprises: an energy management execution module configured to aggregate the wireless charging mode, the battery power mode, the load prediction result and the hardware-level switching instruction, and to output a final energy distribution strategy to a power management unit of the Bluetooth chip.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The present application extracts multi-dimensional parameters such as broadcast interval, device state and energy instruction in the Bluetooth communication protocol through the protocol analysis module, realizes fine-grained perception of the device running state, and provides rich context information for dynamic power consumption adjustment. The dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module constructs an adjustment strategy adaptable to different scenarios according to the protocol parameters, so that the system can respond to communication load changes and avoid energy waste caused by traditional fixed strategies. The charging and discharging control module outputs accurate loop control signals according to the architecture to realize real-time regulation and control of the battery charging and discharging process and reduce invalid energy loss.

[0017] The dual-mode radio frequency energy collection module integrates the current energy state and the communication protocol information, autonomously selects the optimal energy supply mode, can realize smooth switching between wireless charging and battery power supply, and enhances the adaptability of the system in a variable environment. The system integrates the communication and energy management functions, breaks the limitation of mutual independence of the two in the traditional design, and improves the overall energy utilization efficiency. The system has good scalability, can adapt to various Bluetooth chip platforms and energy collection hardware, and reduces the deployment and maintenance cost.

[0018] Through the above mechanism, the system significantly reduces the power consumption of the Bluetooth device in the idle and active states, prolongs the single charging use time of the device, and is especially suitable for application occasions such as wearable devices and remote sensors which are highly sensitive to endurance. The system runs stably and responds quickly without increasing additional hardware overhead, and is easy to integrate and implement in existing Bluetooth devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The timing diagram of the Bluetooth chip low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system described in the application; Figure 2 The working principle diagram of the protocol analysis process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 The application provides a Bluetooth chip low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system. The system realizes efficient energy management by integrating multiple functional modules. The system first obtains communication protocol data of the Bluetooth chip through a protocol analysis module, and the data includes a broadcast interval parameter, a device state identifier and an energy mode instruction. The protocol analysis module analyzes the communication protocol data to obtain protocol analysis parameters, and a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module constructs a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture according to the protocol analysis parameters. A charging and discharging control module generates a charging and discharging loop control signal based on the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture. A dual-mode radio frequency energy collection module obtains the current energy source state, and selects a wireless charging mode or a battery power supply mode based on the communication protocol data, the current energy source state and the charging and discharging loop control signal. The whole system realizes dynamic power consumption adjustment and energy mode switching through modular design, and ensures stable operation of the Bluetooth chip in a low-power environment.

[0022] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 2In the system initialization stage, the configuration management module configures and analyzes the initial communication protocol based on the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol specification and according to the preset protocol configuration rule. The preset protocol configuration rule clearly defines the format structure and value range of the protocol field. The value range of the broadcast interval field is set to 20 milliseconds to 10 seconds, stored in 32-bit unsigned integer format. The power consumption level field supports three-level classification coding, represented by byte values 0x01, 0x02, and 0x03 for low, medium, and high power consumption levels, respectively. The device working mode field contains three flag bits corresponding to the active state, sleep state, and standby state. The configuration management module analyzes the protocol header and payload data part in the initial communication protocol, extracts compliant protocol elements using a byte-by-byte scanning algorithm, verifies data integrity using a cyclic redundancy check code, and finally generates a structured communication protocol data packet. The entire configuration process uses a double-buffering mechanism to ensure data processing continuity. When the main buffer is performing protocol analysis, the standby buffer simultaneously receives new protocol data. The two buffers seamlessly alternate through a hardware switching circuit.

[0023] The protocol analysis module receives the communication protocol data and starts a multi-level analysis process to identify the energy management field. The energy management field is distributed according to a predefined storage structure. The broadcast interval field is located in the third to sixth bytes of the protocol data packet and is stored in little-endian byte order. The power consumption level field occupies the seventh byte and is represented using binary encoding. The device working mode field is distributed in the eighth to tenth bytes and uses bit field encoding. The analysis process uses memory mapping technology to directly access field storage addresses through pointer positioning. Bitmask operations are used to extract specific bits, and data type conversion and value range verification are performed simultaneously. The field extraction algorithm includes an error detection mechanism that automatically enables a backup data source when data anomalies are found, ensuring the reliability of the analysis process. All analysis operations are completed within the time constraints of the real-time operating system, ensuring strict synchronization with the communication timing of the Bluetooth chip.

[0024] The hardware architecture of the protocol analysis module includes a dedicated memory management unit, adopts a double-buffer design to realize seamless data switching, and a direct memory access controller is responsible for high-speed data transmission, which carries protocol data from the Bluetooth chip register to the analysis buffer. A hardware co-processor accelerates cyclic redundancy check calculation to verify data integrity in real time. During the analysis process, the module uses a state machine to control the flow, including an initialization state, a field positioning state, a data extraction state, a verification state, and an output state. Each state is provided with a timeout protection mechanism to prevent the analysis process from falling into a dead loop. State transitions are triggered by hardware events to ensure the determinacy of response time. The parameter output interface is connected to the dynamic power adjustment architecture module through a high-speed serial peripheral interface. The transmission data is encapsulated in a frame structure, and each frame of data includes a frame header identifier, a parameter data area, a state flag area, and a check code. The broadcast interval parameter is transmitted as an integer value in milliseconds, the power level parameter is encoded using an enumeration type, and the device operating mode parameter uses a bitmap to transmit state information. All parameters are attached with a timestamp and a quality flag, and the receiving module can decide whether to use the new parameter value according to the quality flag. The transmission process uses an error retransmission mechanism to ensure the reliability of data delivery.

[0025] The error handling mechanism includes multiple protection measures. When it is detected that the field value exceeds the reasonable range, a preset default value is automatically used, and error logs are recorded. The module supports dynamic reconfiguration function, which can update field definitions and analysis rules in real time through external instructions to adapt to different versions of Bluetooth protocol specifications. The entire analysis process runs under the task scheduling of the real-time operating system, and the task priority is set to the highest level to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of protocol analysis. The module power management adopts dynamic voltage frequency adjustment technology to automatically adjust the working frequency and power supply voltage according to the processing load to realize energy efficiency optimization. The module establishes a data trace mechanism to record the analysis process and results of each protocol data packet. The debugging interface can output detailed running logs including field original value, analysis result, error code and time information. These log data are output through the JTAG interface for system debugging and performance analysis. The maintenance interface allows external tools to query and modify configuration parameters, provides system running state monitoring function, and all configuration changes are verified twice to prevent incorrect settings from affecting system stability.

[0026] The configuration management module adopts a hierarchical configuration strategy. The basic configuration layer stores permanent parameters, the dynamic configuration layer saves runtime modifiable parameters, and the backup configuration layer retains safe recovery parameters. When the system starts, the module first loads the basic configuration, then merges the dynamic configuration according to the device state, and finally verifies the configuration integrity. If a configuration conflict is found, the safe parameters of the backup configuration layer are used preferentially to ensure that the system is always in a working state. In the protocol data parsing process, a pipeline processing architecture is adopted. In the first stage, data preprocessing is performed, including byte alignment and format standardization. In the second stage, field extraction and conversion are performed. In the third stage, data verification and error correction are performed. In the fourth stage, the output result is generated. Each stage has an independent processing unit and a cache area, and the intermediate results are passed through pipeline registers to realize parallel processing and improve throughput. The timing of the entire parsing process is synchronized by the master clock, and the operations in each stage are triggered at the clock edge to ensure the synchronization and stability of the processing process.

[0027] The interface between the module and the Bluetooth chip adopts a bidirectional communication design, which not only receives protocol data but also sends configuration instructions. This design allows the module to dynamically adjust the protocol parameters of the Bluetooth chip and realizes closed-loop control. The communication interface uses the standard serial peripheral interface protocol, supports full-duplex communication mode, and has a configurable data transmission rate of up to 10 Mbps, meeting real-time requirements. The interface controller includes a first-in-first-out buffer that smooths data flow fluctuations and prevents data loss or overflow. During system initialization, the configuration management module performs a self-checking program to verify the legality and consistency of all configuration parameters. The self-checking content includes storage integrity checking, value range verification, and logical relationship verification. If a configuration error is found, the module attempts to automatically repair it, and if it cannot be repaired, it triggers a system alarm to request external intervention. The self-checking process is usually completed within 100 milliseconds after the system is powered on, ensuring fast entry into the working state. The protocol parsing module uses an adaptive learning algorithm to optimize parsing parameters based on historical parsing results. The algorithm maintains a parsing quality index and dynamically adjusts the parsing strategy to improve accuracy and efficiency. The learning process is based on feedback from parsing error rates and processing delays to automatically adjust field recognition thresholds and verification rules, allowing the parsing process to gradually adapt to the actual protocol data characteristics. This adaptive capability enables the module to handle non-standard protocol data, improving the robustness and compatibility of the system.

[0028] In embodiment 2, the dynamic power adjustment architecture modeling module receives broadcast interval parameter, power level parameter and device operation mode parameter from the protocol analysis module, which are transmitted through shared memory area or message queue, encapsulated in the form of structure body containing value field and state flag. The module first generates dynamic power scheduling strategy according to these parameters, and the strategy generation process adopts rule-based decision mechanism to map input parameters to pre-defined power consumption configuration template. For example, when the device operation mode parameter indicates sleep state, the strategy automatically selects the lowest power consumption configuration template, prolongs the broadcast interval parameter to the maximum value and reduces the radio frequency output power. The power level parameter is used to refine the current limit threshold, such as high level corresponding to 100 mA limit, medium level corresponding to 50 mA limit, and low level corresponding to 20 mA limit. The strategy generation algorithm realizes the conversion of parameters to specific values by looking up the pre-configured mapping table, and dynamically adjusts the values in combination with real-time system state such as battery voltage to generate complete strategy descriptor including timing parameters, current and voltage limit values and state transition conditions.

[0029] The structure of dynamic power scheduling strategy adopts hierarchical description method, the top layer defines the overall power consumption mode such as normal mode, energy saving mode or emergency mode, the middle layer specifies the power consumption configuration of each hardware module such as processor frequency, radio frequency module transmit power, and the bottom layer contains detailed timing control parameters such as wake-up interval, timeout setting. After the strategy is generated, the module constructs the dynamic power adjustment architecture according to the dynamic power scheduling strategy. The architecture adopts microkernel design pattern, the core includes strategy analysis engine, resource allocator and event scheduler. The strategy analysis engine is responsible for interpreting the strategy descriptor and generating executable instructions. The resource allocator manages the allocation of CPU clock, power domain and peripheral clock. The event scheduler coordinates the execution timing of each task based on timer interrupt. The construction process first initializes the kernel components of the architecture, allocates memory pool for storing strategy instruction set, sets up hardware abstraction layer interface to interact with underlying driver, then configures event triggers such as timer comparison matching interrupt for periodic tasks, and finally establishes message passing mechanism for communication with other modules. The architecture supports runtime strategy update by receiving new strategy through message queue and hot replacing old strategy.

[0030] The charge-discharge control module generates charge-discharge loop control signals based on the dynamic power scheduling strategy in the dynamic power regulation architecture. The module obtains the current effective strategy instruction through the message bus of the architecture and analyzes the energy management field in the instruction. When generating the charge loop trigger signal, the module monitors the energy input state provided by the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module. When the strategy indicates that charging is allowed and the input energy is sufficient, the module activates the charging MOSFET switch by outputting a high-level pulse signal through GPIO. The pulse width is dynamically adjusted according to the charging current requirement in the strategy, and the charging power is accurately controlled using PWM modulation technology. The generation of the discharge loop control signal is based on the discharge threshold and load demand defined by the strategy. The module real-time collects the battery voltage and load current. When the voltage is lower than the minimum working voltage set by the strategy or the current exceeds the safety limit, the module outputs an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter to linearly adjust the conduction degree of the discharge MOSFET, realizing constant current or constant voltage discharge control. The generation of the standby wake-up synchronization signal depends on the broadcast interval parameter in the strategy and the system clock. The module configures a hardware timer to generate periodic interrupts. The interrupt service program outputs a synchronization pulse signal to the power management unit. The pulse phase is aligned with the Bluetooth beacon broadcast timing to ensure that the wake-up event occurs in the communication gap to reduce interference.

[0031] All control signals are driven to power switching devices through optocoupler isolation circuits after electrical isolation. The signal generation logic includes a fault protection mechanism that immediately forces the output of a safe state signal when a short circuit or over-temperature condition is detected. The module uses a multi-stage pipeline processing architecture. The first stage parses the strategy instruction, the second stage collects sensor data, the third stage calculates output parameters, and the fourth stage drives signal output. This design ensures the real-time and accuracy of signal generation. The control signal state is fed back to the event scheduler of the dynamic power regulation architecture in real time, forming a closed-loop control cycle to ensure accurate execution of the power consumption adjustment strategy.

[0032] Taking the actual working scene of a smart fitness tracker as an example, the device is performing continuous heart rate monitoring and motion data synchronization functions. The communication protocol data obtained by the protocol analysis module from the Bluetooth chip shows that the broadcast interval parameter is 800 ms, the device state identifier is "active mode", and the energy mode instruction is "optimize endurance". After receiving these parameters, the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module starts the processing flow. The broadcast interval parameter of 800 ms indicates that the device requires high-frequency data transmission, the device state identifier "active mode" indicates that all sensors are in working state, and the energy mode instruction "optimize endurance" requires to reduce energy consumption as much as possible without affecting the function. The module first analyzes these parameters and generates a dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy. The strategy making adopts a priority weighting algorithm: convert the broadcast interval parameter into a timer configuration value, set the radio frequency module to work for 200 ms in every 800 ms time window; enable the power consumption management scheme of all sensors according to the active mode state, but impose current limit; reduce the backlight brightness and limit the processor maximum frequency according to the optimize endurance instruction. The strategy output contains specific power allocation scheme: the radio frequency module working current is limited to 12 mA, the total current of the sensor array does not exceed 8 mA, and the processor frequency is controlled at 48 MHz.

[0033] The architecture adopts a layered design: the hardware abstraction layer directly manages the power control register, the strategy execution layer implements the power consumption state transition logic, and the interface layer provides a communication channel with other modules. During the architecture initialization process, three hardware timers are configured: Timer1 is responsible for 800 ms broadcast period management, Timer2 controls the sampling rhythm of sensor data, and Timer3 monitors the overall power consumption level. The event dispatcher establishes an interrupt service routine, which activates the radio frequency module when Timer1 triggers, starts sensor sampling when Timer2 triggers, and checks whether the current power consumption exceeds the budget when Timer3 times out. The charge and discharge control module generates specific control signals according to the strategy in the architecture, and the generation condition of the charge loop trigger signal is set as: output high level when external power is detected and battery power is less than 75%. In the fitness tracker scene, the user is exercising and the device power display is 70%, at this time the wireless charging seat is detected to be connected, the module immediately generates a continuous high level charging trigger signal, which is transmitted to the charge management IC through the GPIO pin. The generation of the discharge loop control signal is based on real-time load monitoring. When the heart rate monitor and motion sensor are working at the same time, the module calculates that the discharge requirement is 8.5 mA, and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal through the DAC to control the conduction degree of the discharge MOSFET.

[0034] The generation and broadcast interval of standby wake-up synchronization signal are strictly synchronized. The module configures a hardware timer to generate a wake-up pulse at the beginning of each 800 ms period, and the pulse width is set to 50 ms to ensure that the system components are fully awake. This signal is sent to the power management unit and the radio frequency front-end module at the same time, ensuring that all units enter the working state at the same time. During signal generation, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is implemented. When a decrease in battery voltage is detected, the pulse width is automatically reduced to 40 ms to save energy. When the user performs high-intensity exercise, the device maintains a high broadcast frequency and sensor sampling rate, but through fine power consumption control, it ensures the endurance time; when the device detects a charging opportunity, it immediately adjusts the power supply strategy to ensure exercise monitoring function while efficiently supplementing electrical energy. The generation of all control signals is subjected to multiple checks to prevent system instability due to signal conflicts. This design enables the device to maintain optimal energy consumption balance in various use scenarios.

[0035] In embodiment 3, the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module continuously acquires energy source state data through a multi-channel sensor interface. The voltage detection circuit uses a voltage dividing resistor network in combination with a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter to acquire the battery terminal voltage and the wireless receiving end voltage. The current detection uses a combination of a precision sampling resistor and an operational amplifier circuit to measure the load current and the charging current. These analog quantities are digitized to form a current energy source state data set containing voltage values, current values, and state flags. The state decision engine inside the module synchronously receives the communication protocol data stream from the protocol analysis module, extracts the device operating mode parameters as the main decision basis, and when the mode parameter value corresponds to the active operating state and the wireless receiving end voltage reading continuously exceeds the threshold voltage for a stable time, the decision engine checks the level state of the charging loop trigger signal. If the trigger signal is high, a mode switching instruction is generated to activate the wireless charging mode.

[0036] The activation sequence of the wireless charging mode includes a multi-stage starting process. First, the radio frequency switch matrix is controlled to connect the receiving antenna to the preamplifier. Then, the automatic impedance matching network is started to adjust the resonance frequency to the optimal receiving frequency point through the varactor diode. The rectifier circuit uses a full-bridge architecture to convert the radio frequency energy into a direct current pulsating voltage. The post-filtering circuit smoothes the waveform and sends it to the charging management integrated circuit. The charging management integrated circuit adjusts the output voltage and current limit value according to the preset charging curve, and simultaneously feeds back the charging state parameters in real time through the I2C interface. The dynamic power tracking algorithm runs continuously throughout the process, calculates the voltage standing wave ratio by monitoring the incident power and reflected power, and adjusts the impedance matching network accordingly to maintain maximum energy transmission efficiency.

[0037] When the device operating mode parameter is converted to the low-power standby state, the decision engine starts the power supply mode reevaluation process, detects the battery power percentage in the current energy source state and compares it with the preset switching threshold value. If the power is sufficient and the discharge loop control signal is in the enabled state, a smooth switching to the battery power supply mode is performed. The switching operation adopts a step-by-step execution strategy: in the first stage, the amplifiers at each level of the wireless charging path are turned off and the antenna connection is disconnected; in the second stage, a short time delay is maintained to ensure that the residual charge is dissipated through the bleeder resistor; in the third stage, the MOSFET devices of the battery discharge loop are gradually turned on and the soft start process is controlled through analog feedback, and the discharge current slowly increases according to the ramp function until it reaches the target value, during which the voltage monitoring circuit ensures that the output voltage is maintained within the allowable fluctuation range.

[0038] The control of the periodic wake-up timing is realized based on the broadcast interval parameter and the standby wake-up synchronization signal. The timing generator calculates the actual wake-up period using the following relationship: Wherein: represents the actual wake-up duration, represents the wake-up ratio coefficient (value range 0.1-0.9), corresponds to the broadcast interval parameter, is the time compensation constant. When the rising edge of the synchronization signal is triggered, the timing controller starts the radio frequency detection window opening timer, activates the energy harvesting front end for environmental radio frequency energy scanning within the duration, and completes the sampling update of the current energy state parameter. During the inactivation period, the high-frequency circuit is turned off to maintain only the basic monitoring function. The timing synchronization mechanism adopts a digital phase-locked loop architecture, which dynamically adjusts the wake-up ratio coefficient by comparing the phase difference between the local clock and the broadcast clock, to ensure the precise alignment of the energy harvesting window and the communication window. The hardware implementation of the mode selection mechanism is based on a multi-channel analog switch array, and the control logic drives the optocoupler isolator to realize the isolation of high and low voltage circuits. The state machine in the firmware maintains the mode switching sequence and handles abnormal situations. After each mode conversion is completed, the event recorder updates the operation log including the timestamp, conversion type and key parameter snapshot. These diagnostic data are transmitted to the upper management system through the serial interface for running state analysis. The entire implementation process pays special attention to the smoothness of state transition, uses buffer circuits to suppress voltage mutations, and designs redundant circuits to provide fault protection, ensuring the continuity of energy supply to meet the real-time requirements of the system.

[0039] Taking a typical scenario of a smartwatch in daily use as an example, the device is in normal working state while supporting wireless charging function. The dual-mode RF energy harvesting module continuously monitors the energy source state through the built-in voltage and current sensors. Currently, the battery voltage is detected as 3.7V and the wireless charging coil inductive voltage is 5.2V. These analog signals are converted by 16-bit ADC and stored in the state register. The module simultaneously receives communication protocol data from the protocol analysis module, in which the device working mode parameter is displayed as "normal operation mode" and the broadcast interval parameter is marked as 1000ms. These digital parameters are transmitted to the data buffer through the I2C bus. Based on the device working mode parameter indicating normal operation state and the current energy source state showing that the wireless charging voltage reaches the effective threshold, the module detects that the charging loop trigger signal presents a high level state, and then activates the wireless charging mode. The activation process first starts the impedance matching network, adjusts the antenna resonance frequency to 13.56MHz standard, and then starts the rectifier circuit to convert the alternating RF signal to direct current. The charging management IC starts to work and controls the charging current to be stable at 400mA through pulse width modulation. During the whole charging process, the module continuously monitors the coil temperature and input voltage fluctuation, and dynamically adjusts the resonance capacitance value to maintain the optimal energy transmission efficiency.

[0040] When the user removes the watch causing the wireless charging to be interrupted, the energy source status is immediately updated to battery-powered state and the voltage reading becomes 3.6 V. At this moment, the device operating mode parameter still remains normal operation mode, but the discharge loop control signal indicates that the power path needs to be switched. The module performs the mode switching operation, first turns off the power MOSFET of the wireless charging circuit, waits for 50 μβ to let the residual charge dissipate, and then gradually activates the battery discharge loop, slowly increases the discharge current from 0 mA to 350 mA through the soft start circuit to avoid voltage drop causing system reset. The load voltage is kept stable at 3.3 V during the switching process, ensuring uninterrupted power supply for the processor and sensors. The module configures the periodic wake-up mechanism according to the 1000 ms broadcast interval parameter, and the internal timer divides the time window into active period and sleep period. When the standby wake-up synchronization signal rises to trigger, the module immediately starts the radio frequency detection circuit to scan the environmental energy field, and completes the energy state acquisition within a time window of 20 ms; in the remaining 980 ms sleep period, the radio frequency front-end circuit is turned off to maintain only the basic monitoring function, reducing the power consumption to below 150 μΑ. This periodic wake-up timing is strictly synchronized with the Bluetooth broadcast event, ensuring that energy acquisition does not interfere with communication quality. In actual operation, when the watch is placed on the charging base, the module maintains the wireless charging mode until the battery reaches 95% capacity, and then automatically switches to the battery-powered mode and enters the trickle charging state. If the user lifts the wrist to check the time during this period, the module will temporarily increase the discharge current to 500 mA to meet the screen lighting requirements, while temporarily suspending the wireless charging to avoid electromagnetic interference. All mode transitions are completed within milliseconds, and the user is completely unaware of the power switching process, and the device always runs smoothly.

[0041] Taking the daily use of a Bluetooth capacitive pen as an example, the Bluetooth capacitive pen is in a normal working state (adapted to a tablet device to complete document annotation and hand-drawing creation, supporting 1024-level pressure detection and instant pen touch feedback), and is compatible with a 13.56 MHz wireless charging base powered by a system, and energy and communication are cooperatively controlled through the low-power wireless battery charging and discharging management system of the Bluetooth chip. The dual-mode radio frequency energy collection module continuously monitors the energy source state of the capacitive pen through the built-in voltage sensor and current sensor. The current detection voltage of the capacitive pen battery is 3.7 V (typical working voltage of the capacitive pen 150-200 mAh small capacity lithium polymer battery), and the inductive voltage of the wireless charging base is 5.0 V (complying with the low-power charging requirements of the capacitive pen, avoiding the risk of overcurrent of the small capacity battery); these analog signals are stored in the state register after being converted by the 16-bit ADC, and at the same time, the "charging base connection" state bit is marked to ensure that the energy source data is real-time callable. The module simultaneously receives communication protocol data from the protocol analysis module, wherein the device working mode parameter is displayed as "writing active mode" (adapted to the intermittent high-frequency operation characteristics of the capacitive pen, such as continuous pen touch during hand-drawing and frequent pressure switching during annotation), and the broadcast interval parameter is marked as 1200 ms (the capacitive pen does not need to broadcast Bluetooth signals at high frequency, and the interval is appropriately lengthened compared with a smart watch, balancing power consumption and connection stability, and avoiding pen touch data transmission interruption), and these digital parameters are transmitted to the data buffer through the I2C bus.

[0042] Based on the device operating mode parameter indication writing active state, and the current energy source state display wireless charging voltage to reach the effective threshold (preset 4.8V), the module detects the charging loop trigger signal presents high level state, immediately activate wireless charging mode. Activation process first start impedance matching network, adjust the resonant frequency of the capacitive pen RF receiving end to 13.56MHz standard, ensure the energy coupling efficiency with the charging base; then start full bridge rectifier circuit, convert the AC RF signal transmitted by the base into 3.3V DC (adapt to the working voltage of capacitive pen internal Bluetooth chip, pressure sensor); charging management IC starts to work, through pulse width modulation control charging current stable at 250mA, prevent small capacity battery overcurrent damage. The module continues to monitor the temperature of the contact surface between the capacitive pen and the base (adapt to the flat charging structure of capacitive pen, not coil structure) and input voltage fluctuation during the whole charging process, dynamically adjust the resonant capacitance value (range 100pF-200pF) to maintain the best energy transmission efficiency, ensure the safety and efficiency balance of charging. When the user picks up the capacitive pen and disconnects from the wireless charging base, and creates hand-drawing on the tablet, the energy source state is immediately updated to battery power state, and the voltage reading becomes 3.6V (consistent with the voltage attenuation characteristics of small capacity battery after disconnecting from charging). At this time, the device operating mode parameter still remains "writing active mode" (user continuous creation needs to ensure the stability of pressure response and data transmission), but the discharge loop control signal indicates that the power path needs to be switched. The module executes mode switching operation, first closes the power MOSFET of the wireless charging circuit, waits for 50μs to let the residual charge of the charging loop dissipate through the discharge resistor, avoids voltage spike damage to the pressure sensor chip; then gradually activate the battery discharge loop, through the soft start circuit to slowly increase the discharge current from 0mA to 300mA (adapt to the dual power consumption demand of pressure detection and pen touch data Bluetooth transmission), avoid voltage drop leading to capacitive pen reset and hand-drawing data loss; keep the load voltage stable at 3.3V through voltage feedback loop during switching process, ensure the uninterrupted power supply of Bluetooth module and pressure sensor chip. When the user picks up the capacitive pen and disconnects from the wireless charging base, and creates hand-drawing on the tablet, the energy source state is immediately updated to battery power state, and the voltage reading becomes 3.6V (consistent with the voltage attenuation characteristics of small capacity battery after disconnecting from charging). At this time, the device operating mode parameter still remains "writing active mode" (user continuous creation needs to ensure the stability of pressure response and data transmission), but the discharge loop control signal indicates that the power path needs to be switched.The module performs mode switching operation, first closes the power MOSFET of the wireless charging circuit, waits for 50μs to let the residual charge of the charging loop dissipate through the discharge resistor, avoids voltage spike damage to the pressure sensing chip; then gradually activates the battery discharge loop, slowly increases the discharge current from 0mA to 300mA through the soft start circuit (adapts to the dual power consumption requirements of pressure sensing detection and pen touch data Bluetooth transmission), avoids voltage drop leading to capacitor pen reset and hand-drawn data loss; during the switching process, the voltage feedback loop keeps the load voltage stable at 3.3V, ensuring uninterrupted power supply for the Bluetooth module and the pressure sensing chip.

[0043] The module configures a periodic wake-up mechanism according to the broadcast interval parameter of 1200ms, and the internal timer divides the time window into active period and sleep period. When the standby wake-up synchronization signal sends a rising edge trigger, the module immediately starts the radio frequency detection circuit to scan the environmental energy field, and completes the energy state collection (such as remaining power, environmental radio frequency energy intensity) within a time window of 25ms, synchronizes the Bluetooth communication instructions of the tablet device, and ensures that the pen touch data transmission is not delayed; in the remaining 1175ms sleep period, the radio frequency front-end circuit and the pressure sensing detection module are closed, only the basic monitoring function of the Bluetooth baseband is retained, and the power consumption is reduced to below 100μA (adapts to the small capacity battery endurance requirement, meets the design goal of "reducing overall power consumption" of the system). This periodic wake-up timing is strictly synchronized with the Bluetooth broadcast event, ensuring that energy collection does not interfere with real-time transmission of pen touch data. In actual operation, when the capacitive pen is placed on the charging base, the module maintains the wireless charging mode until the battery reaches 90% capacity, then automatically switches to battery power mode and enters trickle charging state (charging current drops to 50mA), avoiding overcharging of small capacity batteries; if the user picks up the capacitive pen to add details during this period, the module will instantaneously increase the discharge current to 350mA to meet the high pressure sensing drawing requirements, while temporarily suspending wireless charging to avoid electromagnetic interference. All mode conversions are completed within 5-8ms, and the user cannot perceive the power supply switching process at all. The capacitive pen always maintains stable writing experience, fully embodying the technical advantages of the system "adaptive energy management, prolonging device endurance time".

[0044] In embodiment 4, the adaptive load prediction module continuously collects historical usage data and real-time status parameters of the Bluetooth device. The historical data is stored in the EEPROM, including the operation records in the past 72 hours, such as device activation duration, radio frequency transmission times, average power consumption level, and user interaction mode. Real-time parameters are collected through a sensor array, including current battery voltage, chip temperature, environmental radio frequency energy intensity, and processing load rate. The module uses a sliding window algorithm to process time series data, calculates trend indicators with a 15-minute analysis period, and then applies a weighted moving average model to generate load prediction results. The prediction results include expected power consumption levels and possible high-load time windows in the next three time periods. The module transmits the prediction results to the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture module through the I2C interface. After receiving new data, the architecture module compares the differences between the current strategy and the predicted demand. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, it starts the strategy update process by modifying the broadcast interval parameters and power consumption level parameters in the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy to adapt to the expected load changes.

[0045] The hardware trigger management module receives the charging and discharging loop control signals from the charging and discharging control module through the parallel data bus. The signals contain digital state codes and analog modulation information. The module's internal signal processor analyzes the instruction types in the control signals, such as charging enable flags, discharging rate codes, and emergency shutdown commands. Then, according to the pre-programmed hardware mapping table, it generates hardware-level switching instructions. The instruction generation process uses a priority arbitration mechanism. When multiple control signals arrive simultaneously, the execution order is determined according to the current mode of the power state machine. The generated hardware-level switching instructions contain specific voltage values, current limit values, and timing parameters, which are transmitted to the power management integrated circuit through an optocoupler isolation circuit.

[0046] The hardware trigger management module receives the charge and discharge loop control signals from the charge and discharge control module via a parallel data bus. These signals not only contain digital state codes but also incorporate analog modulation information to ensure signal integrity and accuracy. The signal processor within the module first analyzes the received control signals in detail, identifying the types of instructions, such as charge enable flags, discharge rate codes, and emergency shutdown commands, and other key elements. Then, the signal processor generates corresponding hardware-level switching instructions based on the pre-programmed hardware mapping table. During instruction generation, the module uses an efficient priority arbitration mechanism to handle the situation where multiple control signals arrive simultaneously. When multiple control signals arrive simultaneously, the module intelligently determines the execution order of each instruction based on the current working mode of the power state machine, ensuring the stability and safety of system operation. The generated hardware-level switching instructions not only contain specific voltage and current limit values but also specify timing parameters to achieve precise control of the switching process. To further ensure the safety and reliability of the system, these hardware-level switching instructions are processed by an optocoupler isolation circuit before being transmitted to the power management integrated circuit. The optocoupler isolation circuit can effectively isolate high and low voltage parts, prevent potential electrical interference, ensure the stability and accuracy of instruction transmission, and thus ensure the safe and efficient operation of the entire charge and discharge system. Table 1 shows the structure of typical historical load data records.

[0047] Table 1: Historical device load data record structure Time stamp Power consumption mode Number of radio frequency activities Average current Battery saturation (%) Temperature 2023-08-12 Active 128 45.6 87 32 2023-08-12 Standby 12 8.9 85 31 2023-08-12 Sleep 2 1.2 84 30 2023-08-12 Active 96 38.7 82 33 2023-08-12 Standby 8 7.3 80 32 The execution of hardware-level switching instructions is realized through the driving circuit to achieve physical control. When the instruction indicates the activation of the charging loop, the driving chip generates a PWM signal to control the gate voltage of the charging MOSFET, while monitoring the drain current to achieve closed-loop regulation. The control of the discharge loop uses a similar principle, but adds a voltage feedback loop to maintain stable output. All switching operations include a soft start sequence to prevent current surges. The module also integrates fault protection functions that automatically override normal instructions when overcurrent or overheating conditions are detected, forcing a switch to a safe state and sending error codes to the upper-level module.

[0048] The load prediction algorithm adopts an adaptive learning mechanism, dynamically adjusting model parameters according to the deviation between actual power consumption and predicted value. The algorithm maintains a confidence index to evaluate the prediction reliability, and automatically switches to a conservative power consumption strategy when the confidence is below a threshold. The data structure of the prediction result contains multiple fields: time range identifier, expected power consumption value, confidence score, and suggested action code. These data are encapsulated in a message packet of a specific format and transmitted through a serial interface. The instruction generation logic of the hardware trigger management module includes a state verification step, ensuring that the switch is only executed when the power state machine is in the appropriate state, preventing illegal state transitions that can cause system instability. The load prediction provides forward-looking guidance, and the hardware trigger ensures precise synchronization of physical execution. Standard communication protocols are used between modules to ensure data consistency, and all operations are recorded in the system log for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0049] In embodiment 5, the beacon broadcast coordination module is based on the broadcast interval parameter T broadcast obtained from the protocol parsing module, which is stored in the configuration register in milliseconds. The time synchronization engine inside the module uses this parameter to calculate the transmission schedule of the Bluetooth beacon. The time synchronization engine uses a hardware timer combined with a software scheduling algorithm to establish a timing framework with T broadcast as the period. Within each period, the start time and duration of beacon broadcasting are accurately scheduled. At the same time, the module receives the standby wake-up synchronization signal P wake from the charge and discharge control module. This signal is a pulse waveform, with the rising edge indicating the system wake-up time and the falling edge indicating the system sleep time. The coordination process uses phase-locked loop technology to synchronize the beacon broadcast timing with the wake-up signal, ensuring that the RF transmission activity always occurs within the system wake-up period and avoiding energy-intensive operations during the sleep phase.

[0050] The specific implementation of the coordination mechanism includes three main stages: first, clock domain alignment is performed to synchronize the Bluetooth baseband clock with the power management clock, eliminate timing errors caused by clock drift; second, an event trigger mapping table is established to establish a time correspondence between the beacon broadcast event and the wake-up signal event; finally, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is implemented to real-time fine-tune the T_broadcast parameter according to the actual running timing deviation, and maintain the synchronization accuracy at the microsecond level. This coordination ensures that the dual-mode radio energy harvesting module only activates the radio frequency receiving function during the system wake-up period, and maintains a low-power sleep state during the beacon broadcast interval, while making the power regulation operation of the charge-discharge control module and the communication activity staggered, reducing the internal electromagnetic interference of the system. The energy management execution module obtains the state information of multiple sources in real time through the data acquisition interface, including the current wireless charging mode state flag of the dual-mode radio energy harvesting module, the state parameters of the battery power supply mode, the load prediction result data structure output by the adaptive load prediction module, and the hardware-level switching instruction code generated by the hardware trigger management module. The data fusion unit inside the module performs timestamp alignment and format unification processing on these heterogeneous data, and calculates the optimal energy allocation scheme using a weighted decision algorithm. The reliability index of each data source is considered in the data fusion process, for example, assigning a higher weight to real-time sensor data and a dynamic weight to predictive data.

[0051] The generation of the final energy allocation strategy uses a multi-objective optimization method to balance power efficiency, system stability, and response speed, among other performance indicators. The strategy output includes specific power allocation instructions, work mode switching sequences, and timing control parameters, which are packaged according to the communication protocol format required by the Bluetooth chip power management unit. The output interface uses the standard SPI communication protocol to send strategy data packets to the power management unit at a fixed frequency, each data packet containing a frame header, an instruction field, a parameter field, and a check code. The power management unit adjusts the voltage output of each power domain, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency distribution, and controls the state transition of the power switch according to the received strategy data. The beacon broadcast coordination module ensures the timing optimization of communication and energy harvesting, and the energy management execution module implements intelligent allocation of global energy. The two modules exchange synchronization state information through shared memory and use a mutual exclusion mechanism to ensure data consistency, ultimately enabling the Bluetooth chip to minimize power consumption while meeting communication performance requirements. This design enables the system to adaptively respond to different working scenarios and load conditions, maintaining high efficiency in energy use.

[0052] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0053] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, alternatives, and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Bluetooth chip low-power wireless battery charge-discharge management system, characterized in that, The application comprises the following steps: A protocol analysis module is configured to obtain communication protocol data of a Bluetooth chip, wherein the communication protocol data comprises a broadcast interval parameter, a device state identifier, and an energy mode instruction; A dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module is configured to perform protocol analysis on the communication protocol data to obtain protocol analysis parameters, and to construct a dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture based on the protocol analysis parameters; A charge and discharge control module is configured to generate charge and discharge loop control signals based on the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; A dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module is configured to obtain a current energy source state, and to select a wireless charging mode or a battery power supply mode based on the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and each of the charge and discharge loop control signals.

2. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the protocol analysis module obtains the communication protocol data of the Bluetooth chip, the application further comprises the following steps: A configuration management module is configured to configure and analyze an initial communication protocol based on a Bluetooth Low Energy protocol specification and according to a preset protocol configuration rule to obtain the communication protocol data.

3. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protocol analysis on the communication protocol data to obtain protocol analysis parameters comprises the following steps: An energy management field in the communication protocol data is identified, wherein the energy management field comprises a broadcast interval field, a power consumption level field, and a device operating mode field; The communication protocol data is analyzed and extracted based on the energy management field to obtain a broadcast interval parameter, a power consumption level parameter, and a device operating mode parameter.

4. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The construction of the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture based on the protocol analysis parameters comprises the following steps: A dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy is generated based on the broadcast interval parameter, the power consumption level parameter, and the device operating mode parameter; The dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture is constructed based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy.

5. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The generation of charge and discharge loop control signals based on the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture comprises the following steps: A charge loop trigger signal is generated based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; A discharge loop control signal is generated based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture; A standby wake-up synchronization signal is generated based on the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy in the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture.

6. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 5, wherein, The selection of a wireless charging mode or a battery power supply mode based on the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and each of the charge and discharge loop control signals comprises the following steps: A wireless charging mode is activated based on the device operating mode parameter in the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and the charge loop trigger signal; A battery power supply mode is switched to based on the device operating mode parameter in the communication protocol data, the current energy source state, and the discharge loop control signal; The periodic wake-up timing of the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module is controlled based on the broadcast interval parameter and the standby wake-up synchronization signal.

7. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 6, wherein, The application further comprises the following steps: An adaptive load prediction module is configured to generate a load prediction result based on historical device usage data and real-time state parameters, and to transmit the load prediction result to the dynamic power consumption adjustment architecture construction module to update the dynamic power consumption scheduling strategy.

8. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The application further comprises the following steps: A hardware trigger management module is configured to receive the charge-discharge circuit control signal and generate a hardware-level switching instruction according to the charge-discharge circuit control signal to control the physical on-off of the charge-discharge circuit.

9. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Further comprising: A beacon broadcast coordination module is configured to coordinate the Bluetooth beacon broadcast timing with the standby wake-up synchronization signal based on the broadcast interval parameter to synchronously control the working states of the dual-mode radio frequency energy harvesting module and the charge-discharge control module.

10. The Bluetooth chip low power battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 9, wherein, Further comprising: An energy management execution module is configured to aggregate the wireless charging mode, the battery-powered mode, the load prediction result, and the hardware-level switching instruction, and output a final energy distribution strategy to a power management unit of the Bluetooth chip.

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