Multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system which comprises an electrolyzed water energy storage subsystem, an oxyhydrogen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem and a compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem. The first hydrogen forms third hydrogen through compression and heat storage and then is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem uses third hydrogen and first oxygen to generate power; the compressed air energy storage subsystem compresses the first gas to form second gas, the second gas is subjected to heat exchange to form third gas, the first liquid is heated to form second liquid by using heat generated by heat exchange, and the second liquid is stored in a heat storage tank; and the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem is used for expanding the third gas to generate power and storing and utilizing cold energy generated when the third gas is expanded. The energy storage system solves the technical problems of energy loss and waste in the energy storage and release process of the energy storage system in the prior art.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing proportion of renewable energy and the accelerating process of electrification, developing multi-energy complementary energy storage and release technology and perfecting peak regulation mechanism will become the key path to build a new power system and promote the "double carbon" goal.

[0003] However, there are at least one of the following problems in the related art: the existing energy storage system has energy loss and waste in the energy storage and release process. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application solves the technical problem of energy loss and waste in the energy storage and release process of the existing energy storage system.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system, a water electrolysis energy storage subsystem, which prepares first hydrogen and first oxygen by electrolyzing water, and stores the third hydrogen into a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank after the first hydrogen is compressed and stored heat; a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem, which generates electricity using the third hydrogen and the first oxygen; a compressed air energy storage subsystem, which compresses the first gas to form the second gas, and forms the third gas by heat exchange, and uses the heat generated by heat exchange to warm the first liquid to form the second liquid, and stores the second liquid into a heat storage tank; a compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem, which is used for expanding the third gas to generate electricity, and stores and uses the cold energy generated by the third gas during expansion; wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem is used to supply heat to the water electrolysis energy storage subsystem, the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem, and the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are as follows: the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem directly stores the prepared first oxygen, compresses the first hydrogen to increase the pressure and temperature, and stores the generated heat and third hydrogen; the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem generates electricity by using the third hydrogen and the first oxygen; the compressed air energy storage subsystem forms second gas which is stored as high-pressure gas and heat energy by the heat exchange equipment, the heat generated by the second gas is stored in the heat storage tank in the form of second liquid by the heat exchange equipment, and can be used by the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem to improve the electrolysis water reaction rate and by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem to improve the power generation rate; the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem generates electricity by using third gas formed by the heat exchange of the second gas, the heat required in the process of electricity generation is provided by the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and the cold generated by the electricity generation of the third gas is stored and used by the devices in the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem. Therefore, in the present application, the energy storage and release system uses the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem to store energy by photovoltaic power generation during the day, uses the compressed air energy storage subsystem to store energy during valley electricity, uses the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem and the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem to release energy, not only achieves the purpose of peak regulation, realizes the energy complementation of the energy storage and release system, but also reduces the energy loss in the energy storage and release process, solves the problem of unstable solar photovoltaic power generation, and realizes efficient and flexible use of energy.

[0007] In one example of the present application, the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem comprises: an electrolytic cell, a first compressor, a heat storage device and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank connected in sequence, the electrolytic cell being used for electrolyzing water to prepare first hydrogen and first oxygen; an oxygen storage tank connected to the electrolytic cell; and a first water circulation pipeline connecting the electrolytic cell and the heat storage tank.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are as follows: the electrolytic cell is powered on to perform the electrolysis water process to prepare first hydrogen and first oxygen, the oxygen storage tank is used to store the prepared first oxygen, the first hydrogen is compressed into second hydrogen by the first compressor, the second hydrogen is stored in the heat storage device to form third hydrogen, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is used to store the third hydrogen; the first water circulation pipeline connects the electrolytic cell and the heat storage tank in the form of a hot water conduit, and mainly circulates the heat energy of the hot water in the heat storage tank to supply the electrolytic cell. In the present embodiment, by full-range storage of the products and energy of the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem, efficient conversion of electric energy is realized, and energy loss and waste in the energy storage process are effectively reduced.

[0009] In an example of the present application, the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release cold storage subsystem comprises: a regulating valve, a third cold storage device and a fuel cell connected in sequence, the regulating valve is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the third cold storage device is connected to the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell; a third water circulation pipeline connecting the heat storage tank and the fuel cell; a first throttle valve and a first injector connected in sequence, the first throttle valve is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the first injector is connected to the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell; a second throttle valve and a second injector connected in sequence, the second throttle valve is connected to the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, and the second injector is connected to the positive electrode inlet of the fuel cell.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are: the first branch of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem is connected to the regulating valve, and the second branch is connected to the first throttle valve; the two branch paths can effectively increase the output flow of the third hydrogen, and the regulating valve can adjust the pressure of the third hydrogen according to the required pressure, and the first throttle valve can effectively adjust the output flow of the third hydrogen, so that stable and efficient hydrogen supply of the fuel cell is realized.

[0011] In an example of the present application, the negative electrode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the inlet of the first injector, and the positive electrode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the inlet of the second injector.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are: the hydrogen not participating in power generation of the fuel cell negative electrode outlet enters the first injector again through the first recyclable pipeline, realizing the recycling and utilization of hydrogen, and effectively improving the utilization rate of hydrogen; the oxygen not participating in power generation of the fuel cell positive electrode outlet enters the second injector again through the second recyclable pipeline, realizing the recycling and utilization of oxygen, and effectively improving the utilization rate of oxygen.

[0013] In an example of the present application, the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises: a second compressor, a heat exchanger and a heat storage tank connected in sequence, the second compressor is used for compressing the first gas to form the second gas; a second water circulation pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the heat storage tank.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are: the second compressor compresses the first gas to form the second gas, the second gas is cooled after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, the heat generated by the heat exchange warms up the first liquid to form the second liquid, and the second liquid is delivered to the heat storage tank through the second water circulation pipeline, so that the second gas stores heat in the heat storage tank in the form of the second liquid. In this application, the heat energy generated by compressed air is stored, and efficient energy storage is realized.

[0015] In an example of the present application, the compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises: a fourth circulating pump, an inlet of the fourth circulating pump being connected with the water outlet of the heat storage tank through a hot water pipeline; and a solar heat collector, a water inlet of the solar heat collector being connected with the outlet of the fourth circulating pump, and a water outlet of the solar heat collector being connected with the water inlet of the heat storage tank.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by the technical scheme are: in the present application, when the heat storage tank supplies heat for the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem to generate electricity, the heat storage tank can supplement heat through the solar heat collector to solve the problem of insufficient heat supply of the heat storage tank, and the use of the fourth circulating pump can realize stable supply of heat energy.

[0017] In an example of the present application, the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem comprises: a heating assembly and a turbine assembly, the third gas sequentially passing through the heating assembly and the turbine assembly to generate electricity; and a fourth cold storage device, the fourth cold storage device being connected with the turbine assembly.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by the technical scheme are: in the compressed air energy storage subsystem, the third gas formed by heat exchange enters the turbine assembly to generate electricity after being heated by the heating assembly, the third gas realizes electricity generation through waste heat utilization, energy complementation is realized, and the power generation capacity is effectively improved; after the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem finishes generating electricity, the cold energy of the low-temperature and normal-pressure air is stored in the fourth cold storage device.

[0019] In an example of the present application, the heating assembly comprises: a first heater, a second heater and a third heater, the first heater being used for heating the third gas; the turbine assembly comprises: a first turbine, a second turbine and a third turbine; and the third gas sequentially passes through the first heater, the first turbine, the second heater, the second turbine, the third heater and the third turbine to form a fourth gas.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by the technical scheme are: the third gas enters the first turbine to generate electricity at a first level after being heated by the first heater, enters the second heater to be heated after generating electricity from the outlet of the first turbine, enters the second turbine to generate electricity at a second level after being heated from the outlet of the second heater, enters the third heater to be heated after generating electricity from the outlet of the second turbine, and enters the third turbine to generate electricity at a third level after being heated from the outlet of the third heater, the power generation capacity of the compressed air is effectively improved through the first, second and third levels of electricity generation, and the fourth gas formed after the third level of electricity generation stores excess cold energy in the fourth cold storage device. In the present application, the high-pressure and normal-temperature air realizes three levels of electricity generation through step-by-step utilization of waste heat, energy complementation is realized, and the power generation capacity is effectively improved; the fourth cold storage device is used for storing the cold energy of the air due to expansion and cooling after the third turbine generates electricity.

[0021] In one example of the present application, the compressed air energy release cold storage subsystem further comprises an evaporator connected between the gas outlet of the third turbine and the gas inlet of the second compressor.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by adopting the technical scheme are as follows: the compressed air energy release cold storage subsystem uses the low-temperature normal-pressure air part after the three-stage power generation of the turbine assembly to directly enter the evaporator, realizes refrigeration and user cooling, uses the fourth cold storage device to store the excess cold, and realizes the circulation utilization of air in the energy storage and release system through the outlet of the evaporator and the second compression of the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0023] After adopting the technical scheme of the present application, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) In the present application, the energy storage and release system uses the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem to store energy through photovoltaic power generation during the day, uses the compressed air energy storage subsystem to store energy during valley electricity, uses the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release cold storage subsystem and the compressed air energy release cold storage subsystem to release energy, not only achieves the purpose of peak regulation, realizes the energy complementation of the energy storage and release system, but also reduces the energy loss in the energy storage and release process, solves the problem of unstable solar photovoltaic power generation, and realizes efficient and flexible utilization of energy; (2) Through the all-around storage of the products and energy of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, efficient conversion of electric energy is realized, and energy loss and waste in the energy storage process are effectively reduced; (3) The first branch of the high-pressure hydrogen tank of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem is connected with the adjusting valve, and the second branch is connected with the first throttling valve; the two branch paths can effectively improve the output flow of the third hydrogen, and the adjusting valve can adjust the pressure of the third hydrogen according to the required pressure, and the first throttling valve can effectively adjust the output flow of the third hydrogen, realizing stable and efficient hydrogen supply of the fuel cell; (4) The hydrogen gas not participating in power generation from the negative electrode outlet of the fuel cell reenters the first ejector through the first recyclable pipeline, realizing the recycling and utilization of hydrogen, and effectively improving the utilization rate of hydrogen; the oxygen gas not participating in power generation from the positive electrode outlet of the fuel cell reenters the second ejector through the second recyclable pipeline, realizing the recycling and utilization of oxygen, and effectively improving the utilization rate of oxygen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor; Figure 1A structural schematic diagram of a multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system provided for the first embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Marked for explanation: 110, electrolytic cell; 120, first compressor; 130, heat storage device; 140, high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; 150, oxygen storage tank; 160, first water circulation pipeline; 161, first circulating pump; 210, second compressor; 220, heat exchanger; 230, heat storage tank; 240, second water circulation pipeline; 241, second circulating pump; 250, hot water pipeline; 251, fourth circulating pump; 252, solar heat collector; 260, high-pressure gas storage tank; 310, regulating valve; 320, third cold storage device; 330, fuel cell; 341, first throttle valve; 342, first ejector; 351, second throttle valve; 352, second ejector; 360, third water circulation pipeline; 361, third circulating pump; 411, first heater; 412, second heater; 413, third heater; 421, first turbine; 422, second turbine; 423, third turbine; 430, fourth cold storage device; 440, evaporator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027]

Embodiment One

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem uses photovoltaic power generation to electrolyze water to produce first hydrogen and first oxygen, directly stores the produced first oxygen, compresses the first hydrogen to increase pressure and temperature, and stores the produced heat and third hydrogen; the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem uses the third hydrogen and the first oxygen produced by the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem to generate electricity; the compressed air energy storage subsystem forms second gas by compressing the first gas, and stores high-pressure gas and heat energy through a heat exchange device, the heat produced by the second gas is stored in the heat storage tank 230 in the form of second liquid, which can be used by the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem to increase the electrolysis water reaction rate and by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem to increase the power generation rate; the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem uses the third gas formed by the heat exchange of the second gas to generate electricity, the required heat in the power generation process is provided by the compressed air energy storage subsystem, and the cold produced by the third gas power generation is stored and used by the devices in the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem. Therefore, the energy storage and release system uses the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem to store energy during photovoltaic power generation during the day, uses the compressed air energy storage subsystem to store energy during off-peak electricity, uses the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem and the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem to release energy, not only achieves the purpose of peak shaving, realizes energy complementation of the energy storage and release system, but also reduces energy loss in the energy storage and release process, solves the problem of unstable solar photovoltaic power generation, and realizes efficient and flexible use of energy.

[0029] Further, the electrolysis water energy storage subsystem includes an electrolytic cell 110, a first compressor 120, a heat storage device 130, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140 connected in sequence, the electrolytic cell 110 is used to electrolyze water to produce first hydrogen and first oxygen; an oxygen storage tank 150 connected to the electrolytic cell 110; a first water circulation pipeline 160 connected to the electrolytic cell 110 and the heat storage tank 230.

[0030] Specifically, the electrolytic tank 110 is powered on to carry out the electrolysis process to produce the first hydrogen and the first oxygen, the oxygen storage tank 150 is connected to the anode of the electrolytic tank 110 to store the produced first oxygen, the first compressor 120 is connected to the cathode of the electrolytic tank 110, the first hydrogen is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen (denoted as second hydrogen in the present application) by the first compressor 120, the second hydrogen is stored in the heat storage device 130 to form high-pressure hydrogen (denoted as third hydrogen in the present application), and the third hydrogen is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140; the first water circulation pipeline 160 is connected to the electrolytic tank 110 and the heat storage tank 230, and the first circulation pipeline is in the form of a hot water conduit to connect the electrolytic tank 110 and the heat storage tank 230, mainly to circulate the heat energy of the hot water in the heat storage tank 230 to the electrolytic tank 110 for use, so as to improve the electrolysis reaction rate of the electrolytic tank 110. In the embodiment, through the all-round storage of the products and energy of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, efficient conversion of electric energy is realized, and energy loss and waste in the energy storage process are effectively reduced.

[0031] Preferably, the electrolytic tank 110 uses the electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation to realize the electrolysis process, further realizing efficient use of energy; the first circulation pump 161 is arranged on the first water circulation pipeline 160 to realize heat energy circulation between the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, and specifically, the first circulation pump 161 is arranged between the hot water outlet of the heat storage tank 230 and the electrolytic tank 110.

[0032] Further, the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem comprises: a regulating valve 310, a third cold storage device 320 and a fuel cell 330 connected in sequence, the regulating valve 310 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140, and the third cold storage device 320 is connected to the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330; a third water circulation pipeline 360 connected to the heat storage tank 230 and the fuel cell 330; a first throttling valve 341 and a first ejector 342 connected in sequence, the first throttling valve 341 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140, and the first ejector 342 is connected to the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330; a second throttling valve 351 and a second ejector 352 connected in sequence, the second throttling valve 351 is connected to the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, and the second ejector 352 is connected to the positive electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330.

[0033] Specifically, the regulating valve 310 and the first throttle valve 341 are connected in parallel on the outlet side of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140 of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem. The regulating valve 310 can adjust the pressure and temperature of the third hydrogen gas flowing out of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 140. The third hydrogen gas is cooled after passing through the regulating valve 310, and the hydrogen gas (denoted as fourth hydrogen gas in the present application) stored cold by the third cold storage device 320 enters the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330 to reduce the heat required for power generation of the fuel cell 330. The first throttle valve 341 can adjust the flow and reduce the pressure of the third hydrogen gas. The third hydrogen gas is adjusted in flow and reduced in pressure by the first throttle valve 341, and then enters the first ejector 342 to be reduced in pressure again. The hydrogen gas (denoted as fourth hydrogen gas in the present application) reduced in pressure can enter the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330. The second ejector 352 and the second throttle valve 351 are connected in parallel on the outlet side of the oxygen storage tank 150. The second throttle valve 351 is used to adjust the flow of the first oxygen gas entering the positive electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330. The second ejector 352 can directly send the first oxygen gas to the positive electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330. Thus, the fuel cell 330 can participate in chemical reactions by inputting the fourth hydrogen gas and the first oxygen gas as fuel to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. In general, the first branch of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem is connected with the regulating valve 310, and the second branch is connected with the first throttle valve 341. In this embodiment, the two branch paths can effectively increase the output flow of high-pressure hydrogen gas. The regulating valve 310 can adjust the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen gas according to the required pressure. The first throttle valve 341 can effectively adjust the output flow of the high-pressure hydrogen gas to realize stable and efficient hydrogen supply of the fuel cell 330. The third cold storage device 320 is used to store the cold of the hydrogen gas adjusted in pressure by the regulating valve 310 to reduce the heat supply of the hydrogen gas when entering the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell 330.

[0034] Preferably, the third hydrogen gas forms the fourth hydrogen gas after being adjusted and output in flow by the first branch and the second branch, and generates electricity by chemical reaction with the first oxygen gas in the fuel cell 330.

[0035] The third water circulation pipeline 360 connects the fuel cell 330 and the heat storage tank 230. The third water circulation pipeline 360 connects the fuel cell 330 and the heat storage tank 230 in the form of a hot water conduit, mainly to circulate the heat energy of the hot water in the heat storage tank 230 to the fuel cell 330 for use. Preferably, the third circulation pump 361 is arranged on the third water circulation pipeline 360 to realize the circulation of heat energy between the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem. The third circulation pump 361 utilizes the pressure difference to form a circulating hot water flow, ensuring the stable and continuous supply of heat energy during the power generation process of the fuel cell 330, realizing the complementation of energy sources, and effectively improving the energy utilization rate. Specifically, the third circulation pump 361 is arranged between the hot water outlet of the heat storage tank 230 and the fuel cell 330.

[0036] Further, the negative electrode outlet of the fuel cell 330 is connected to the inlet of the first ejector 342; the positive electrode outlet of the fuel cell 330 is connected to the inlet of the second ejector 352.

[0037] Specifically, the hydrogen gas not participating in power generation at the negative electrode of the fuel cell 330 is introduced into the first ejector 342 again through the first recyclable pipeline from the negative electrode outlet of the fuel cell 330, so as to realize recycling of the hydrogen gas and effectively improve the utilization rate of the hydrogen gas; the oxygen gas not participating in power generation at the positive electrode of the fuel cell 330 is introduced into the second ejector 352 again through the second recyclable pipeline from the positive electrode outlet of the fuel cell 330, so as to realize recycling of the oxygen gas and effectively improve the utilization rate of the oxygen gas.

[0038] Further, the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises: a second compressor 210, a heat exchanger 220 and a heat storage tank 230 connected in sequence, the second compressor 210 being configured to compress the first gas to form a second gas; and a second water circulation pipeline 240, the second water circulation pipeline 240 being connected to the heat exchanger 220 and the heat storage tank 230.

[0039] Specifically, the second compressor 210 compresses the first gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas (denoted as the second gas in the present application), the second gas is cooled after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 220, the heat generated in the heat exchange warms the first liquid to form a second liquid, and the second liquid is transferred to the heat storage tank 230 through the second water circulation pipeline 240, so that the second gas stores heat in the heat storage tank 230 in the form of hot water (denoted as the second liquid in the present application) after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 220. Preferably, the compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank 260, the high-pressure gas storage tank 260 being connected to the heat exchanger 220, the second gas is cooled after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 220 to form high-pressure and normal-temperature air (denoted as the third gas in the present application), and the third gas after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 220 is stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank 260. In the present application, the heat energy generated by compressed air is first stored, and then the high-pressure and normal-temperature air is stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank 260, so as to realize efficient storage of energy.

[0040] Preferably, the first gas is generally air; the second compressor 210 is driven by valley electricity; the second water circulation pipeline 240 is provided with a second circulating pump 241; specifically, the second circulating pump 241 is arranged between the hot water outlet of the heat storage tank 230 and the heat exchanger 220.

[0041] Further, the compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises: a fourth circulating pump 251, the inlet of the fourth circulating pump 251 being connected to the water outlet of the heat storage tank 230 through a hot water pipeline 250; and a solar heat collector 252, the water inlet of the solar heat collector 252 being connected to the outlet of the fourth circulating pump 251, and the water outlet of the solar heat collector 252 being connected to the water inlet of the heat storage tank 230.

[0042] Specifically, the heat storage tank 230 and the fourth circulating pump 251 are connected in the form of a hot water pipeline 250, hot water in the heat storage tank 230 is used to heat air in the heating assembly on the hot water pipeline 250, and the fourth circulating pump 251 is used to enter the solar collector 252, the outlet of the solar collector 252 is connected with the heat storage tank 230, forming a heat storage and heat supply, and the heat storage and heat supply of the solar collector 252 is supplemented by the cycle of the solar collector 252, realizing the combined application of waste heat and renewable energy. In the present application, when the heat storage tank 230 is used to generate electricity and supply heat for the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem, the heat storage tank 230 can be supplemented by the solar collector 252 to solve the problem of insufficient heat supply of the heat storage tank 230, and the use of the fourth circulating pump 251 can realize the stable supply of heat energy.

[0043] Preferably, the heating assembly comprises a first heating component, a second heating component and a third heating component connected in series; the outlet of the heat storage tank 230 is connected with the first heating component, the second heating component, the third heating component, the fourth circulating pump 251 and the solar collector 252 in sequence, and is connected back to the water inlet of the heat storage tank 230.

[0044] Further, the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem comprises a heating assembly and a turbine assembly, the third gas passes through the heating assembly and the turbine assembly in sequence to generate electricity; and a fourth cold storage device 430 connected with the turbine assembly.

[0045] Specifically, the third gas formed by heat exchange in the compressed air energy storage subsystem enters the turbine assembly to generate electricity after being heated by the heating assembly, the third gas realizes electricity generation by waste heat utilization, realizes energy complementation, and effectively improves the power generation capacity; after the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem finishes generating electricity, the cold energy of the low-temperature and normal-pressure air is stored in the fourth cold storage device 430.

[0046] Further, the heating assembly comprises a first heater 411, a second heater 412 and a third heater 413, and the first heater 411 is used to heat the third gas; the turbine assembly comprises a first turbine 421, a second turbine 422 and a third turbine 423; wherein the third gas passes through the first heater 411, the first turbine 421, the second heater 412, the second turbine 422, the third heater 413 and the third turbine 423 in sequence to form a fourth gas.

[0047] Specifically, the third gas is heated by the first heater 411, enters the first turbine 421 to generate power, is heated by the second heater 412 after the power generation, enters the second turbine 422 to generate power, is heated by the third heater 413 after the power generation, enters the third turbine 423 to generate power, and the power generation of the compressed air is effectively improved through the first, second and third power generations, and the fourth gas is formed after the third power generation and is stored in the fourth cold storage device 430 to store the excess cold energy. In the application, the high-pressure normal-temperature air realizes the three-stage power generation through the cascade utilization of the waste heat, realizes the complementation of the energy, and effectively improves the power generation.

[0048] Preferably, in order to save the cost and the number of devices of the energy storage and release system, the first heater 411 and the first heating device can be the same device, the second heater 412 and the second heating device can be the same device, and the third heater 413 and the third heating device can be the same device; that is, the first heating device is the first heater 411, the second heating device is the second heater 412, and the third heating device is the third heater 413.

[0049] Further, the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem further comprises an evaporator 440 connected between the gas outlet of the third turbine 423 and the gas inlet of the second compressor 210.

[0050] Specifically, the low-temperature normal-pressure air part of the compressed air after the three-stage power generation of the turbine assembly in the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem can directly enter the evaporator 440 to realize refrigeration and user cooling, the excess cold energy is stored by the fourth cold storage device 430, and the outlet of the evaporator 440 is connected with the second compressor of the compressed air energy storage subsystem to realize the recycling of the air in the energy storage and release system.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-energy complementary energy storage and release system, characterized in that, The energy storage and release system comprises: An electrolytic water energy storage subsystem which prepares first hydrogen and first oxygen by electrolyzing water, and stores the third hydrogen prepared by compressing and heat storing the first hydrogen into a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (140); A hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem which generates electricity by using the third hydrogen and the first oxygen; A compressed air energy storage subsystem which compresses a first gas to form a second gas, and uses heat generated by heat exchange to warm a first liquid to form a second liquid, and stores the second liquid into a heat storage tank (230); A compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem which is used for expanding the third gas to generate electricity, and stores and uses the cold generated by the third gas when expanding; The compressed air energy storage subsystem is used for supplying heat to the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem, and the compressed air energy release and cold storage subsystem.

2. The energy storage and release system of claim 1, wherein, The electrolytic water energy storage subsystem comprises: An electrolytic tank (110), a first compressor (120), a heat storage device (130), and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (140) connected in sequence, the electrolytic tank (110) being used for preparing the first hydrogen and the first oxygen by electrolyzing water; An oxygen storage tank (150) connected to the electrolytic tank (110); A first water circulation pipeline (160) connected to the electrolytic tank (110) and the heat storage tank (230).

3. The energy storage and release system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy release and cold storage subsystem comprises: An adjusting valve (310), a third cold storage device (320), and a fuel cell (330) connected in sequence, the adjusting valve (310) being connected to an outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (140), and the third cold storage device (320) being connected to a negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell (330); A third water circulation pipeline (360) connected to the heat storage tank (230) and the fuel cell (330); A first throttling valve (341) and a first ejector (342) connected in sequence, the first throttling valve (341) being connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (140), and the first ejector (342) being connected to the negative electrode inlet of the fuel cell (330); A second throttling valve (351) and a second ejector (352) connected in sequence, the second throttling valve (351) being connected to the electrolytic water energy storage subsystem, and the second ejector (352) being connected to a positive electrode inlet of the fuel cell (330).

4. The energy storage and release system according to claim 3, wherein A negative electrode outlet of the fuel cell (330) is connected to an inlet of the first ejector (342); A positive electrode outlet of the fuel cell (330) is connected to an inlet of the second ejector (352).

5. The energy storage and release system of claim 1, wherein, The compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises: a second compressor (210) connected in sequence, a heat exchanger (220) and the heat storage tank (230), the second compressor (210) being used for compressing the first gas to form the second gas; a second water circulation pipeline (240) connecting the heat exchanger (220) and the heat storage tank (230).

6. The energy storage and release system of claim 5, wherein, The compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises: a fourth circulating pump (251), an inlet of the fourth circulating pump (251) being connected to an outlet of the heat storage tank (230) through a hot water pipeline (250); a solar collector (252), a water inlet of the solar collector (252) being connected to an outlet of the fourth circulating pump (251), and a water outlet of the solar collector (252) being connected to a water inlet of the heat storage tank (230).

7. The energy storage and release system of claim 6, wherein, The compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises: a heating assembly and a turbine assembly, the third gas passing through the heating assembly and the turbine assembly in sequence to generate electricity; a fourth cold storage device (430) connected to the turbine assembly.

8. The energy storage and release system according to claim 7, wherein the heating assembly comprises a first heater (411), a second heater (412) and a third heater (413), the first heater (411) being used for heating the third gas; the turbine assembly comprises a first turbine (421), a second turbine (422) and a third turbine (423); wherein the third gas passes through the first heater (411), the first turbine (421), the second heater (412), the second turbine (422), the third heater (413) and the third turbine (423) in sequence to form a fourth gas.

9. The energy storage and release system of claim 8, wherein, The compressed air energy storage subsystem further comprises: an evaporator (440) connected between an outlet of the third turbine (423) and an inlet of the second compressor (210).

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