Joint separation surgical instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of surgical instruments, in particular to a joint separation surgical instrument. A joint separation surgical instrument comprises an operation part, a transmission part and a cutting separation part, the operation part is matched with the transmission part, and the transmission part is matched with the cutting separation part; the operation part is used for providing a user operation part; the transmission part is used for transmitting rotation and / or displacement on the operation part to the cutting and separating part; the cutting and separating part comprises a cutting tool bit and a separating face, the cutting tool bit is used for cutting human tissue, and the separating face is used for separating joints. The surgical instrument has the advantages that tissue cutting and joint separation are achieved at the same time through one surgical instrument, and the surgical efficiency is improved; through parallel movement of the two joint separation blades, damage to tissues caused by rotation of the joint separation blades is avoided; and the hammer can be used for hammering, so that cutting force application is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surgical instruments, and in particular to a joint separation surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Joint separation is an important step in many orthopedic surgeries. Taking thoracic surgery as an example, the ribs and spine must first be separated before the rib segments can be rotated for reshaping.

[0003] Joint separation instruments are used to separate joints that are stuck together. Traditional joint separation instruments use a pincer-shaped arm that rotates relative to each other to achieve the relative movement of two cutting blades. The blades rotate with the pincer-shaped arm, and when the two blades open, they can damage some tissue at the blade location, prolonging surgical recovery time and causing adverse effects. Furthermore, the pincer-shaped structure is not conducive to applying force along the cutting direction to the blades. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a joint separation surgical instrument to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a joint separation surgical instrument, comprising: an operating part, a transmission part, and a cutting and separating part, wherein the operating part cooperates with the transmission part, and the transmission part cooperates with the cutting and separating part; the operating part is used to provide the user with the operating position; the transmission part is used to transmit rotation and / or displacement on the operating part to the cutting and separating part; the cutting and separating part includes a cutting head and a separating surface, wherein the cutting head is used to cut human tissue, and the separating surface is used to separate the joint.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the operating part includes a rotating sleeve, the transmission part includes a handle, a core rod, a pusher, and a slide, and the cutting and separating part includes two joint separating blades; the rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted to the handle; the handle has a central hole; the core rod is slidably disposed in the central hole; the core rod and the rotating sleeve constitute a helical transmission mechanism, and when the rotating sleeve rotates relative to the handle, it drives the core rod to slide axially relative to the handle; the pusher is fixed to the core rod; the slide is mounted to the handle; the slide forms a slide rail for guiding the sliding of the joint separating blades; the pusher forms an active inclined surface; the joint separating blades form a passive inclined surface; the active inclined surface and the passive inclined surface constitute an inclined surface fit; when the pusher moves axially toward the joint separating blades, the active inclined surface and the passive inclined surface convert the axial movement of the pusher into radial movement through the inclined surface fit, and under the guidance of the slide rail, the two joint separating blades move away from each other in a parallel manner.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the joint separation blade has anti-retraction teeth on the side facing the human tissue.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the joint separation blade is provided with a slider; the slide rail is formed with a track groove; the slider slides in the track groove.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the carriage has two slide rails; the two slide rails are parallel to each other; the joint separation blade is provided with a slider in each track groove.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sliders of the two joint-separating blades slide in the same track groove.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the number of carriages is two; the two carriages are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the whole formed by the two joint separation blades.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the carriage can be detachably installed onto the handle.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: both ends of the joint separating blade are provided with passive bevels; a recessed groove corresponding to the joint is formed in the middle of the joint separating blade; the passive bevels at both ends of the joint separating blade are symmetrically arranged about the recessed groove.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the joint separation blade has several passive inclined surfaces formed in the axial direction.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the pusher is formed with a pusher block; an active inclined surface is formed on the front side of the pusher block; a lower limit plane is formed on the joint separation blade; the joint separation blade is defined with a maximum force stroke position; when the pusher moves axially toward the joint separation blade until the active inclined surface disengages from the passive inclined surface, the pusher block abuts against the lower limit plane, and the joint separation blade moves to the maximum force stroke position.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: the parallel movement of the two articulated blades prevents the articulated blades from rotating with the forceps, thus avoiding damage to tissue caused by the rotation of the articulated blades. The long shank structure applies axial force to the blades, achieving a force along the cutting direction. It can be hammered at the tail, facilitating the application of force when cutting tissue.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the joint separation surgical instrument to which the present invention is applicable;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view of the surgical instruments used for mid-joint separation surgery;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view of the instruments used in mid-joint separation surgery;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a joint separation surgical instrument, showing the joint separation blade in the closed position;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another state of the structure shows the joint separating blade being pushed open a certain distance by the push block;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another state of the structure shows the joint separation blade reaching its maximum opening position, i.e., the position of maximum force application stroke;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A sectional view of the middle structure;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the structure.

[0026] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: Joint separation surgical instrument 100, handle 10, rotating sleeve 20, core rod 30, pusher 40, active inclined plane 41, pusher block 42, slide 50, slide rail 51, track groove 511, joint separation blade 60, passive inclined plane 61, anti-retraction tooth 62, slider 63, recessed groove 64. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In this section, we will explain several embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Where the shape, relative position, and other aspects of the components described in the embodiments are not explicitly defined, the scope of the invention is not limited to the components shown. The components shown are for illustrative purposes only. Furthermore, while many details have been set forth, it should be understood that some embodiments of the invention can be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0028] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. Spatially related terms, such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” etc., may be used herein for convenience in describing the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device during use or operation other than those shown in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” other elements or features may then be oriented “above” other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can cover both the orientations above and below. The device may be oriented in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or otherwise), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0029] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “the,” etc., are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context otherwise indicates. It should be further understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” define the presence of a feature, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof.

[0030] The terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein should be interpreted as inclusive or refer to any one or any combination thereof. Therefore, “A, B, or C” or “A, B, and / or C” means “any one of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C.” Exceptions to this definition only arise when the combination of elements, functions, steps, or behaviors is inherently mutually exclusive to some extent.

[0031] The term "connection" as used in this article encompasses various connection methods, including direct and indirect connections, without requiring physical contact between the connected parts. Specific connection methods include snap-fit ​​connections, screw connections, connections without fixing devices, welding, riveting, and integral molding. In the context of component mating, it includes various mating relationships such as clearance fits, transition fits, interference fits, or variable clearance.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a joint separation surgical instrument 100 includes: an operating part, a transmission part, and a cutting and separating part. The operating part is connected to the transmission part, and the transmission part is connected to the cutting and separating part. The operating part provides a location for user operation, allowing the user to apply force or cause the operating part to rotate, displace, or move. The transmission part transmits the force applied by the user or the rotation or displacement of the operating part to the cutting and separating part, thereby driving the movement of the cutting part. The cutting and separating part includes a cutting head and a separating surface. The cutting head is used to cut human tissue, such as tissue adhering between joints, and the separating surface is used to separate the joint. As an optional embodiment, the surgical separation instrument includes two pairs of cutting heads and separating surfaces. During the cutting operation, the two pairs of cutting heads are brought close together to minimize the gap between them. The user performs the cutting operation through the operating part, cutting the human tissue between the joints to be separated, and then continues to operate the operating part, using the transmission part to move the two separating surfaces away from each other, thereby separating the joint. As an alternative approach, the surgical separation instrument includes a cutting head and two separation surfaces. The joints can be separated by the cutting head, and then the joint separation operation can be performed by the two separation surfaces.

[0033] The following section will use a surgical separation instrument, consisting of two pairs of cutting blades and a separation surface, as an example.

[0034] The surgical separation instrument 100 includes an operating part, a transmission part, and a cutting and separation part. The operating part includes a rotating sleeve 20, the transmission part includes a handle 10, a core rod 30, a pusher 40, and a slide 50, and the cutting and separation part includes two jointed separation blades 60.

[0035] The joint separation blade 60 in this embodiment includes a cutting head and a separation surface. The cutting head is located at the very end of the surgical separation instrument to facilitate cutting human tissue. The separation surface is integrally formed with the cutting head. When the cutting head completes the cutting, the separation surface is already in close contact with the joint to be separated. Joint separation is achieved by moving the separation surfaces away from each other. Through this design of the separation blade 60 and its corresponding operating and transmission parts, tissue cutting and joint separation can be achieved simultaneously with a single surgical separation instrument, improving surgical efficiency.

[0036] In one implementation, the separation surface is arc-shaped. On the one hand, the arc shape better conforms to the shape of the human skeleton and joint surfaces; on the other hand, for the same volume, the arc-shaped surface has a larger contact area, resulting in greater friction and reducing slippage during joint separation. In another optional implementation, the separation surface is planar. In yet another optional implementation, the separation surface is a stepped surface.

[0037] The sleeve 20 is rotatably mounted to the handle 10. The handle 10 has a central hole. The core rod 30 is slidably disposed within the central hole. The core rod 30 and the sleeve 20 constitute a helical transmission mechanism. When the sleeve 20 rotates relative to the handle 10, it drives the core rod 30 to slide axially relative to the handle 10. The pusher 40 is fixed to the core rod 30. The carriage 50 is mounted to the handle 10.

[0038] The carriage 50 has a slide rail 51. The slide rail 51 guides the joint separating blade 60 to slide. The pusher 40 has an active inclined surface 41. The joint separating blade 60 has a passive inclined surface 61. The active inclined surface 41 and the passive inclined surface 61 form an inclined surface fit. When the pusher 40 moves axially toward the joint separating blade 60, the active inclined surface 41 and the passive inclined surface 61 convert the axial movement of the pusher 40 into radial movement through the inclined surface fit. Under the guidance of the slide rail 51, the two joint separating blades 60 move away from each other in a parallel manner.

[0039] In one specific implementation, the joint separating blade 60 has a retaining tooth 62 formed on the side facing the joint.

[0040] In one specific implementation, the joint separating blade 60 is provided with a slider 63. The slide rail 51 is formed with a track groove 511. The slider 63 slides in the track groove 511.

[0041] In one specific implementation, the carriage 50 has two slide rails 51. The two slide rails 51 are parallel to each other. The joint separating blade 60 is provided with a slider 63 in each track groove 511.

[0042] In one specific implementation, the sliders 63 of the two joint separating blades 60 slide in the same track groove 511.

[0043] In one specific implementation, there are two carriages 50. The two carriages 50 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the integral formed by the two joint separation blades 60.

[0044] In one specific implementation, the carriage 50 can be detachably mounted to the handle 10.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the joint separating blade 60 has passive bevels 61 at both ends. A recessed groove 64 is formed in the middle of the joint separating blade 60. The recessed groove 64 corresponds to the joint. The passive bevels 61 at both ends of the joint separating blade 60 are symmetrically arranged about the recessed groove 64.

[0046] As one specific implementation, the joint separation blade 60 has several passive inclined surfaces 61 formed in the axial direction.

[0047] In one specific implementation, the pusher 40 has a pusher block 42. An active ramp 41 is formed on the front side of the pusher block 42. The joint separation blade 60 has a lower limit plane. The joint separation blade 60 has a defined maximum force stroke position. When the pusher 40 moves axially toward the joint separation blade 60 until the active ramp 41 disengages from the passive ramp 61, the pusher block 42 abuts against the lower limit plane, and the joint separation blade 60 moves to the maximum force stroke position.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A joint separation surgical instrument (100), characterized in that, include: The unit comprises an operating section, a transmission section, and a cutting and separating section, wherein the operating section cooperates with the transmission section, and the transmission section cooperates with the cutting and separating section. The operating section is used to provide a part for user operation; The transmission unit is used to transmit the rotation and / or displacement of the operating unit to the cutting and separating unit; The cutting and separating section includes a cutting head and a separating surface. The cutting head is used to cut human tissue, and the separating surface is used to separate joints.

2. A joint separation surgical instrument (100) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The operating part includes a sleeve (20), the transmission part includes a handle (10), a core rod (30), a pusher (40), and a slide (50), and the cutting and separating part includes two joint separating blades (60); the sleeve (20) is rotatably mounted to the handle (10); the handle (10) has a central hole; the core rod (30) is slidably disposed in the central hole; the core rod (30) and the sleeve (20) constitute a helical transmission mechanism, and when the sleeve (20) rotates relative to the handle (10), it drives the core rod (30) to slide axially relative to the handle (10); the pusher (40) is fixed to the core rod (30); the slide (50) is mounted to the handle (10); The carriage (50) has a slide rail (51) for guiding the sliding of the joint separating blade (60); the pusher (40) has an active inclined surface (41); the joint separating blade (60) has a passive inclined surface (61); the active inclined surface (41) and the passive inclined surface (61) form an inclined surface fit; when the pusher (40) moves axially toward the joint separating blade (60), the active inclined surface (41) and the passive inclined surface (61) convert the axial movement of the pusher (40) into radial movement through the inclined surface fit, and under the guidance of the slide rail (51), the two joint separating blades (60) move away from each other in a parallel movement.

3. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The joint separation blade (60) has a retaining tooth (62) on the side facing the human tissue.

4. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The joint separation blade (60) is provided with a slider (63); the slide rail (51) is formed with a track groove (511); the slider (63) slides in the track groove (511).

5. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carriage (50) has two slide rails (51); the two slide rails (51) are parallel to each other; the joint separating blade (60) is provided with a slider (63) in each of the track grooves (511).

6. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sliders (63) of the two joint separation blades (60) slide in the same track groove (511).

7. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the slides (50) is two; the two slides (50) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the whole formed by the two joint separation blades (60).

8. The joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide (50) is detachably mounted to the handle (10).

9. A joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The joint separating blade (60) has a passive inclined surface (61) at both ends; a recessed groove (64) corresponding to the joint is formed in the middle of the joint separating blade (60); the passive inclined surfaces (61) at both ends of the joint separating blade (60) are symmetrically arranged about the recessed groove (64).

10. A joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The joint separation blade (60) has a plurality of passive inclined surfaces (61) formed in the axial direction.

11. A joint separation surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pusher (40) has a push block (42); the front side of the push block (42) forms the active inclined surface (41); the joint separation blade (60) has a lower limit plane; the joint separation blade (60) defines a maximum force stroke position; when the pusher (40) moves axially toward the joint separation blade (60) until the active inclined surface (41) disengages from the passive inclined surface (61), the push block (42) abuts against the lower limit plane, and the joint separation blade (60) moves to the maximum force stroke position.

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