Rescue device and method based on communication manhole

Abstract

The invention provides a rescue device and method based on a communication manhole, the rescue device based on the communication manhole comprises a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module and a control module, and the monitoring module, the alarm module and the rescue module are respectively connected with the control module and controlled by the control module. The monitoring module is used for continuously monitoring the gas concentration of the harmful gas and the personnel state of the underground construction personnel in real time to obtain corresponding monitoring data, and the alarm module is used for giving an alarm when the gas concentration of the harmful gas exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold value and / or the personnel state data of the underground construction personnel is represented as an abnormal state. And the rescue module is used for rescuing the underground constructors after the preset rescue mode is switched, so that the underground constructors are lifted to the wellhead.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rescue technology, and more specifically, to a rescue device and method based on a communication manhole. Background Technology

[0002] The background of safety rescue technology in the construction of communication manholes (such as underground pipeline maintenance wells) stems from the scientific understanding of the high risk of confined space operations and the systematic summary of accident lessons. Its core challenges lie in the complex gas environment, physical structure limitations and timeliness requirements of rescue inside the manhole. Multiple technical means are needed to reduce the accident rate and casualty rate.

[0003] Currently, safety rescue during the construction of communication manholes is mainly carried out manually. Specifically, it relies on the subjective perception of construction personnel working underground or on regular inspections for manual monitoring and alarms. After an accident occurs, rescuers use general lifting equipment or simple rope tools to manually enter the dangerous environment for rescue (such as using simple ladders or ropes to drag people). The construction site is equipped with simple monitoring equipment such as harmful gas detectors and blowers (ventilation equipment).

[0004] However, current manual rescue methods are difficult to monitor harmful gases and human conditions in the well in real time and continuously, resulting in untimely early warnings; the rescue initiation and preparation after an accident is discovered takes a long time, resulting in a slow rescue response; rescuers need to enter dangerous environments to carry out rescues, which is less efficient and carries the risk of secondary injury; in addition, manual rescue methods are difficult to operate in confined spaces and are slow. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a rescue device and method based on a communication manhole. The rescue device based on the communication manhole, which includes a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module, can continuously monitor the status of harmful gases and personnel in the well in real time, thereby providing real-time early warning. After an accident is detected, a dedicated rescue device can be quickly activated to rescue personnel in the well, improving the efficiency of the rescue and avoiding the risk of secondary injury faced by manual rescue. In addition, it has high adaptability to confined spaces, avoiding the problems of difficult and slow operation in confined spaces.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a rescue device based on a communication manhole, the device comprising: The monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the concentration of harmful gases and the status of underground construction personnel in real time, and obtain corresponding monitoring data; wherein, the monitoring data includes gas concentration and personnel status data; the alarm module is used to issue an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold and / or the personnel status data of underground construction personnel is characterized as an abnormal state. The rescue module is used to rescue underground construction personnel after switching to a preset rescue mode, so as to lift the underground construction personnel to the wellhead; wherein, the rescue mode includes an electric mode and a manual mode.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the communication manhole-based rescue device further includes a rescue tripod located at the wellhead, and the monitoring module includes sensors and cameras. The sensors include at least a hazardous gas sensor and a personnel movement sensor. The sensors are fixedly installed on the rescue tripod and / or worn close to the body of the underground worker. The hazardous gas sensor is used to continuously monitor the concentration of hazardous gases in the target area and the concentration of hazardous gases in the breathing area of ​​the downhole workers in real time; wherein, the target area is the wellhead and the area near the wellhead downhole, and the breathing area of ​​the downhole workers. The personnel dynamic sensing sensor is used to monitor the status of underground construction personnel in real time and continuously; wherein, the personnel status includes normal activity status and abnormal status, and the abnormal status includes at least falling and prolonged stillness; The camera is used to monitor the underground of the communication manhole and obtain a real-time visual image of the underground environment, including the underground environmental conditions, equipment status, and personnel location / activity.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the sensor further includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; The temperature sensor is used to continuously monitor the ambient temperature downhole in real time. The humidity sensor is used to continuously monitor the ambient humidity downhole in real time. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm when the ambient temperature exceeds a preset temperature safety threshold and / or the ambient humidity exceeds a preset humidity safety threshold.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the control module is further configured to determine the personnel status of the downhole construction personnel based on their personnel status data. Determining the personnel status of the underground construction personnel based on their personnel status data includes: Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel, the movement pattern of the underground construction personnel is determined, and in response to the movement pattern of the underground construction personnel conforming to the preset movement pattern, the underground construction personnel are determined to be in a normal activity state. Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction workers, the motion information of the underground construction workers is determined, and in response to the abnormality of the motion information of the underground construction workers, it is determined that the underground construction workers have fallen; wherein, the motion information includes at least acceleration and posture; Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel, the stationary time of the underground construction personnel is determined, and in response to the stationary time of the underground construction personnel exceeding a preset stationary safety threshold, it is determined that the underground construction personnel have been stationary for a long time.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the alarm module includes an audible and visual alarm and a voice alarm; the audible and visual alarm includes an LED light of target intensity and a buzzer, and the audible and visual alarm and the voice alarm are installed on the rescue tripod; The audible and visual alarm is used to generate audible and visual signals based on the LED light and the buzzer to provide an audible and visual alarm. The voice alarm is used to determine the alarm type and the target voice alarm corresponding to the alarm type, and to trigger an alarm by playing the target voice alarm.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the rescue module includes a top pulley block mounted on a rescue tripod, an electric hoisting device, and a manual rescue device; the electric hoisting device includes at least a small electric winch, a wire rope, an automatic hook, or a rescue belt; the manual rescue device includes at least a manual winch, a pulley block, a manual hook, or a rescue belt. The control module is used to determine the location of the underground construction personnel based on the monitoring data; The electric hoisting device is used to lower the automatic hook / rescue belt to the position of the underground construction personnel and lift the underground construction personnel to the wellhead; The manual rescue device is used to lower the manual hook / rescue belt to the position of the downhole construction personnel, and under the control of the manual winch in the target-below mode by the personnel on the surface, the downhole construction personnel are lifted to the wellhead through the pulley group.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the control module includes a main controller, a wireless transmission unit, and a remote control terminal; the wireless transmission unit is integrated on the main controller; and the main controller is deployed on the rescue tripod. The main controller is used to receive monitoring data from all sensors in real time, identify the monitoring data based on a preset early warning identification model, and generate and issue corresponding control commands; wherein, the control commands include at least alarm, start hoisting device, and linkage ventilation; The wireless transmission unit is used to upload all data to the remote control terminal in real time; The remote control terminal is used to execute corresponding control commands under the remote control of the target manager and to notify the preset on-site personnel by telephone in a preset emergency situation.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the communication manhole-based rescue device includes a cable-laying pulley auxiliary device; the cable-laying pulley auxiliary device includes a cable-laying pulley and a rotating base; the cable-laying pulley is mounted on the rescue tripod; The cable-laying pulley has a detachable and foldable structure. Its load-bearing capacity meets the tension requirements for laying a preset target number of optical cables. The groove of the cable-laying pulley is a double V-shaped deep groove with a target depth and target angle, and is compatible with optical cables of the target diameter. The horizontal rotation angle of the rotating base is a preset first rotation angle range, and the pitch adjustment angle of the rotating base is a preset first pitch adjustment angle range.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the main controller includes a linkage interface; the rescue tripod has built-in sensors; The linkage interface is used to provide a standard electrical interface for a preset standard electrical device to trigger a safety device inside or near the communication manhole, and to control the safety device to perform corresponding measures through the main controller; The linkage interface is also used to collect the gas concentration of the target gas at the bottom of the communication manhole at a preset collection frequency through the built-in sensor of the rescue tripod, and send it to the main controller; The main controller is used to determine the risk of the gas concentration of the target gas at the bottom of the communication manhole, and when the gas concentration of the target gas exceeds the preset target gas concentration safety threshold, it activates the corresponding standard electrical equipment through the linkage interface so that the standard electrical equipment performs the corresponding measures.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a rescue method based on a communication manhole, applied to the rescue device based on a communication manhole provided in the first aspect embodiment.

[0016] This application provides a rescue device and method based on a communication manhole. The rescue device includes a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module. The monitoring module, alarm module, and rescue module are connected to and controlled by the control module. The monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the concentration of harmful gases and the status of personnel working underground in real time, and obtain corresponding monitoring data. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold and / or the status data of personnel working underground is characterized as an abnormal state. The rescue module is used to rescue personnel working underground after switching to a preset rescue mode, so as to lift the personnel working underground to the wellhead. This application utilizes a communication manhole-based rescue device, comprising a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module. This device can continuously monitor harmful gases and personnel status in the well in real time, providing real-time early warnings. Furthermore, it can quickly initiate rescue operations using a dedicated rescue device after an accident is detected, improving rescue efficiency and avoiding the risk of secondary injury associated with manual rescue. In addition, it has high adaptability to confined spaces, avoiding the problems of difficult and slow operation in confined spaces.

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rescue device based on a communication manhole provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a rescue device based on a communication manhole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0021] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0023] Considering that the safety rescue technology background in the construction of communication manholes stems from the scientific understanding of the high risks of confined space operations and the systematic summary of accident lessons, the core challenge lies in the complex gas environment inside the manhole, the physical structure limitations, and the timeliness requirements of rescue. Multiple technical means are needed to reduce the accident rate and casualty rate.

[0024] Currently, safety rescue during the construction of communication manholes is mainly carried out manually. Specifically, it relies on the subjective perception of construction personnel working underground or on regular inspections for manual monitoring and alarms. After an accident occurs, rescuers use general lifting equipment or simple rope tools to manually enter the dangerous environment for rescue. The construction site is equipped with simple monitoring equipment such as harmful gas detectors and blowers.

[0025] However, current manual rescue methods are difficult to monitor harmful gases and human conditions in the well in real time and continuously, resulting in untimely early warnings; the rescue initiation and preparation after an accident is discovered takes a long time, resulting in a slow rescue response; rescuers need to enter dangerous environments to carry out rescues, which is less efficient and carries the risk of secondary injury; in addition, manual rescue methods are difficult to operate in confined spaces and are slow.

[0026] To address this issue, this application provides a rescue device and method based on a communication manhole. The rescue device, comprising a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module, can continuously monitor harmful gases and personnel status underground in real time, providing real-time early warnings. Furthermore, it can quickly initiate rescue operations using a dedicated rescue device after an accident is detected, improving rescue efficiency and avoiding the risk of secondary injury associated with manual rescue. Additionally, it exhibits high adaptability to confined spaces, avoiding the difficulties and slowness of operation in such environments.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rescue device based on a communication manhole, provided according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole also includes a monitoring module 101, an alarm module 102, a rescue module 103, and a control module 104; the monitoring module 101, the alarm module 102, and the rescue module 103 are respectively connected to the control module 104 and controlled by the control module 104.

[0028] It should be noted that the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole also includes a rescue tripod located at the wellhead, which is equipped with hooks. In addition, the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole is optimized for the confined space of the communication manhole, with each module being relatively independent, facilitating installation, maintenance, and adaptation to manholes of different sizes, thereby improving applicability and maintainability.

[0029] The monitoring module 101 is used to continuously monitor the concentration of harmful gases and the status of underground construction personnel in real time, and obtain corresponding monitoring data. Harmful gases include, for example, methane and hydrogen sulfide; underground construction personnel refer to the personnel working underground. The monitoring data includes gas concentration and personnel status data, with the personnel status data corresponding to the status of the underground construction personnel.

[0030] The alarm module 102 is used to trigger an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the concentration of harmful gas exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold and / or the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel is characterized as an abnormal state.

[0031] Optionally, obtain the corresponding alarm information, which includes at least the location, the type of hazard, and real-time data.

[0032] The rescue module 103 is used to rescue downhole workers and elevate them to the wellhead after switching to a preset rescue mode. The rescue modes include an electric mode (preferred mode) and a manual mode (emergency mode). The electric mode is activated remotely or by personnel above ground pressing the emergency rescue button on the rescue module 103, while the manual mode is activated by personnel above ground operating the clutch mechanism.

[0033] The rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole provided in this application embodiment, when the monitoring task is started, the monitoring module 101 is used to continuously monitor the gas concentration of harmful gases and the personnel status of the underground construction personnel in real time, and obtain the corresponding monitoring data. The alarm module 102 is used to issue an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the gas concentration of harmful gases exceeds the preset gas concentration threshold and / or the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel is characterized as an abnormal state. The rescue module 103 is used to rescue the underground construction personnel after switching the preset rescue mode, so as to lift the underground construction personnel to the wellhead. The communication manhole-based rescue device 100 of this application, comprising a monitoring module 101, an alarm module 102, a rescue module 103, and a control module 104, can continuously monitor harmful gases and personnel status in the well in real time, thereby providing real-time early warning. After an accident is detected, it can quickly activate a dedicated rescue device to rescue personnel in the well, improving rescue efficiency and avoiding the risk of secondary injury associated with manual rescue. In addition, it has high adaptability to confined spaces, avoiding the problems of difficult and slow operation in confined spaces. Furthermore, the monitoring module 101 includes sensors and cameras. The sensors include at least a hazardous gas sensor and a personnel movement sensor. The sensors are fixedly mounted on a rescue tripod and / or worn close to the body of the underground worker. The hazardous gas sensor includes at least a first hazardous gas sensor and a second hazardous gas sensor. For example, if the hazardous gas is methane or hydrogen sulfide, then the corresponding hazardous gas sensors are a methane sensor and a hydrogen sulfide sensor. Additionally, the personnel movement sensor can be a millimeter-wave radar / infrared thermal imaging sensor, or it can employ a UWB positioning sensor combined with an attitude recognition algorithm, etc.

[0034] The hazardous gas sensor can be fixedly installed on the steel wire rope above the hook of the rescue tripod, or worn by the underground construction worker. The personnel dynamic sensing sensor, in addition to being fixedly installed on the steel wire rope above the hook of the rescue tripod, can also be installed by integrating it into the safety helmet, safety belt or special vest when worn by the underground construction worker.

[0035] Specifically, the first hazardous gas sensor is fixedly installed on the steel wire rope above the hook of the rescue tripod, the second hazardous gas sensor is worn close to the body on the safety belt of the underground construction worker, and the personnel dynamic sensing sensor is fixedly installed on the steel wire rope above the hook of the rescue tripod and worn on the body of the underground construction worker.

[0036] Additionally, the camera is deployed below the top plate of the rescue tripod, pointing towards the opening of the communication manhole, with its field of view covering the critical work area for construction personnel. It should be noted that for special manholes (such as pre-departure access manholes with larger interiors), the camera should be installed in a suitable location underground (such as on the manhole wall or equipment rack) or on the rescue tripod, with its field of view covering the critical work area.

[0037] A hazardous gas sensor is used to continuously monitor the concentration of hazardous gases in a target area and the concentration of hazardous gases in the breathing area of ​​downhole workers in real time. The hazardous gases include at least methane and hydrogen sulfide. The target area includes the wellhead and the area near the wellhead, as well as the breathing area of ​​downhole workers. The wellhead and the area near the wellhead correspond to a first hazardous gas sensor, and the breathing area of ​​downhole workers corresponds to a second hazardous gas sensor. That is, the first hazardous gas sensor monitors the concentration of hazardous gases in the wellhead and the area near the wellhead, while the second hazardous gas sensor monitors the concentration of hazardous gases in the breathing area of ​​downhole workers.

[0038] Personnel dynamic sensing sensors are used to continuously monitor the status of underground construction personnel in real time. Personnel status includes at least normal activity and abnormal states, with abnormal states including at least falls and prolonged periods of stillness. Optionally, the personnel dynamic sensing sensor can be a human infrared motion sensor (PIR) or a more advanced motion sensor (such as an accelerometer / gyroscope combination).

[0039] Among these, real-time and continuous detection of harmful gas concentration is one of the key criteria for triggering an alarm.

[0040] The camera is used to monitor the underground communication manhole and obtain real-time visual images of the underground environment. These real-time visual images include the underground environmental conditions, equipment status, and personnel location / activity.

[0041] Understandably, cameras provide real-time visual images of the mine, which can help remote personnel intuitively grasp the underground environment, equipment status, and personnel location / activity. They can also help confirm alarm status. For example, when a sensor triggers an alarm (such as excessive gas or a person falling), the video footage from the camera can be manually reviewed to confirm the authenticity of the alarm. This can reduce false alarm interference, more accurately assess the situation on site, and guide rescue decisions.

[0042] Furthermore, the sensors also include temperature sensors and humidity sensors; the temperature sensors and humidity sensors are fixedly installed on the steel wire rope above the hook of the rescue tripod or worn on the safety belt of the underground construction personnel.

[0043] Temperature sensors are used to continuously monitor the ambient temperature downhole in real time.

[0044] Specifically, temperature sensors can be used to warn of abnormally high temperatures (which may be caused by equipment failure, fire hazards, chemical reactions, etc.) or abnormally low temperatures (which may affect equipment performance or personnel safety), providing data support for assessing environmental comfort and potential risks (such as certain gases being more volatile or explosive at high temperatures).

[0045] A humidity sensor is used to continuously monitor the ambient humidity downhole in real time.

[0046] Specifically, humidity sensors can provide early warnings of high humidity environments (which may cause equipment short circuits, accelerated corrosion, affect personnel comfort, or affect the accuracy of certain sensors) or extremely low humidity environments (which may generate electrostatic sparks, especially dangerous in the presence of flammable gases), and assist in assessing downhole working environment conditions and potential risks.

[0047] The alarm module 102 is used to trigger an alarm when the ambient temperature exceeds a preset temperature safety threshold and / or the ambient humidity exceeds a preset humidity safety threshold. Specifically, the alarm is triggered when the ambient temperature exceeds a preset first ambient temperature threshold or falls below a preset second ambient temperature threshold, and the alarm is triggered when the ambient humidity exceeds a preset first ambient humidity threshold or falls below a preset second ambient humidity threshold.

[0048] Therefore, temperature and humidity sensors can provide more comprehensive environmental monitoring, help assess overall environmental safety and comfort, and sometimes serve as auxiliary alarm trigger conditions (such as alarming when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature safety threshold).

[0049] Furthermore, the control module 104 is also used to determine the personnel status of the underground construction personnel based on their personnel status data.

[0050] Optionally, the movement pattern of the underground construction personnel is determined based on their status data. If the movement pattern conforms to a preset movement pattern, the personnel are determined to be in a normal activity state. The motion information of the underground construction personnel is determined based on their status data. If the motion information is abnormal, the personnel are determined to have fallen. The stationary time of the underground construction personnel is determined based on their status data. If the stationary time exceeds a preset stationary safety threshold, the personnel are determined to have been stationary for an extended period. The motion information includes at least acceleration and posture; abnormal motion information includes sudden changes in acceleration and abnormal posture; the stationary time is the time without effective movement; and the stationary safety threshold is the threshold for the stationary time, for example, 1 minute.

[0051] In summary, normal activity is indicated by the detection of expected movement patterns of underground workers; sudden and drastic changes in acceleration and abnormal posture indicate a fall; and prolonged inactivity beyond a preset safety threshold indicates no effective movement signal. Prolonged inactivity is a crucial indicator of potential loss of mobility or danger, providing core information on personnel safety status and serving as a key basis for triggering alarms and rescue responses.

[0052] Furthermore, the alarm module 102 includes an audible and visual alarm and a voice alarm; the audible and visual alarm includes a target intensity LED light (indicating a high-intensity LED light) and a buzzer, and the audible and visual alarm and the voice alarm are mounted on the rescue tripod. Specifically, the audible and visual alarm is equipped with a high-intensity LED light and a buzzer and is mounted on the rescue tripod; the voice alarm is mounted above the central axis of the top cover of the rescue tripod; the audible and visual alarm and the voice alarm are positioned above the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole.

[0053] The audible and visual alarm is used to generate sound and light signals based on LED lights and a buzzer to provide an alarm. Specifically, the audible and visual alarm automatically activates when the triggering conditions are met, alerting personnel above and around the well through strong sound and light signals.

[0054] A voice alarm is used to determine the alarm type and the corresponding target voice alarm, and then triggers the alarm by playing the target voice alarm.

[0055] For example, alarm types are divided into general alarms and emergency alarms. In the case of a general alarm, it is triggered when a potential risk or non-emergency abnormality is detected, and a prompt voice (such as "Attention, abnormality downhole!") is played at a moderate volume to attract attention and remind people to check. In the case of an emergency alarm, it is triggered when a major danger is detected or when immediate evacuation / rescue is required, and a high-volume, urgent warning voice (such as "Emergency! Danger downhole, please rescue immediately!") is played to force a high level of alertness and prompt personnel to take immediate action (evacuation or initiation of rescue).

[0056] Furthermore, the rescue module 103 includes a top pulley block installed on the rescue tripod, an electric hoisting device, and a manual rescue device; the electric hoisting device includes at least a small electric winch, a wire rope, an automatic hook, or a rescue belt; the manual rescue device includes at least a manual winch (hand-cranked winch), a pulley block, a manual hook, or a rescue belt.

[0057] Optionally, an electric winch can be replaced by a pneumatic winch (if a stable air source is available); a manual winch can be replaced by a hand-cranked winch or a lever-type lifting mechanism. The core is to provide a reliable human-driven method.

[0058] It should be noted that the top pulley assembly is installed on the rescue tripod, specifically at the first target distance (e.g., 30cm) below the central axis of the top cover of the rescue tripod. The top pulley assembly can employ a symmetrical double pulley layout with a first target diameter (e.g., 120mm), made of anodized aluminum alloy, with a rated load of 500kg. The pulley grooves are fitted with polyurethane pads to reduce steel cable wear (e.g., coefficient of friction ≤0.15).

[0059] Here, the top pulley system acts as the force transmission center, which can change the direction of the rope and realize the vertical-to-horizontal force conversion. At the same time, its reserved interface can simultaneously attach rescue hooks and monitoring modules (gas detectors, monitoring, etc.).

[0060] The electric hoisting device is installed on the inside of one leg of the rescue tripod at a target height above the ground (e.g., 1.4m). The electric hoisting device is fixed to the leg rail via quick-release buckles. The manual rescue device is installed on the inside of one leg on the same side as the electric hoisting device (electric winch) and positioned below the electric hoisting device at a second target distance (e.g., 40cm). It is fixed to the outside of one leg of the rescue tripod by welding. The gearbox of the manual winch has a preset gearbox target reduction ratio (e.g., 1:6). The manual winch is cranked one turn to retrieve the rope at a third target distance (e.g., 15cm).

[0061] Understandably, when power is interrupted or manual operation is required, the well crew can directly operate the hand-cranked winch in conjunction with the pulley system to carry out rescue operations.

[0062] Control module 104 is used to determine the location of underground construction personnel based on monitoring data; The electric hoisting device is used to lower the automatic hook / rescue belt to the position of the underground construction personnel and lift them to the wellhead. Specifically, after receiving the control signal from the control module 104, the electric hoisting device lowers the automatic hook / rescue belt to the position of the underground construction personnel, connects the rescue belt on the personnel's back, and after being secured by personnel on the surface, automatically or manually lifts the underground construction personnel to the wellhead.

[0063] The manual rescue device is used to lower the manual hook / rescue belt to the position of the downhole workers, and then, under the control of the manual winch in the target-below mode, the downhole workers are lifted to the wellhead via a pulley system. The target lowering modes include uniform lowering and manual lowering.

[0064] In summary, the operation procedure for rescue module 103 is as follows: 1. Deploy the rescue tripod and anchor the communication manhole pull ring; 2. Rope threading: Hand-cranked winch steel cable → via outrigger guide wheel → top pulley block → connected to the rescue belt on the back of the construction worker; 3. Start the electric winch and lower the winch at a constant speed (or control it manually with the crank handle). 4. In case of a sudden power outage, activate the hand-crank mode by moving the switch lever.

[0065] Furthermore, the control module 104 includes a main controller, a wireless transmission unit, and a remote control terminal; the wireless transmission unit is integrated on the main controller; the main controller is deployed on the rescue tripod. Specifically, the controller is deployed on the inside of one leg of the rescue tripod, at a height of the second target on the ground (e.g., 1.6m), and is fixed to the leg slide rail by quick-release clips.

[0066] The main controller receives monitoring data from all sensors in real time, identifies the data based on a preset early warning recognition model, and generates and issues corresponding control commands. These control commands include at least alarm activation, hoisting device activation, and ventilation activation. For example, the main controller can be a microcontroller (MCU) or a power supply (PLC).

[0067] Specifically, the main controller is responsible for receiving all sensor data in real time, running early warning algorithms (such as judging whether the gas concentration exceeds the standard or whether the personnel are in an abnormal state), and issuing control commands (starting the alarm, hoisting device, and linkage ventilation).

[0068] The wireless transmission unit is used to upload all data monitoring data and alarm information to the remote control terminal in real time. This data includes both monitoring data and alarm information.

[0069] The remote control terminal is used to execute corresponding control commands under the remote control of the target manager and to notify the preset on-site personnel by telephone in preset emergency situations.

[0070] Specifically, the remote control terminal receives on-site information, provides a visual interface, and allows target management personnel, such as project managers and monitoring room staff, to remotely view real-time data / video, confirm alarms, and remotely trigger on-site equipment (such as activating alarms, controlling the lifting of electric hoisting devices, and activating linked ventilation). In emergency situations, it can notify on-site personnel by phone and remotely trigger alarms.

[0071] In addition, the control module 104 includes a wireless transmission unit integrated on the main controller, responsible for uploading monitoring data, alarm information, etc. to a remote control terminal (e.g., a construction management platform / mobile APP) in real time. The wireless transmission unit can be a 4G / 5G module, or Zigbee or Wi-Fi (if a repeater is available) can be used instead of 4G / 5G, depending on the on-site signal coverage and transmission distance requirements.

[0072] Furthermore, the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole includes a cable-laying pulley auxiliary device; the cable-laying pulley auxiliary device includes a cable-laying pulley and a rotating base; the cable-laying pulley is mounted on the rescue tripod.

[0073] Here, the cable-laying pulley auxiliary device is independent of the rescue function and is used to assist in the laying of communication optical cables, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0074] Specifically, the cable-laying pulley is installed on the outer slide rail between the two legs of the tripod, avoiding the operating area of ​​the rescue winch, i.e., the electric winch and the manual winch, so that the construction / rescue modes do not interfere with each other.

[0075] The cable-laying pulley has a detachable and foldable structure. Its load-bearing capacity meets the tension requirements for laying optical cables of a preset target number (e.g., 4 cores to 288 cores). The groove of the cable-laying pulley is a double V-shaped deep groove with a target depth and target angle (e.g., depth 15mm, angle 60°), and it is compatible with optical cables of a second target diameter (e.g., Φ20-60mm).

[0076] The horizontal rotation angle of the rotating base is within a preset first rotation angle range, and the pitch adjustment angle of the rotating base is within a preset first pitch adjustment angle range. For example, the rotating base is a universal rotating base with a horizontal rotation angle of 0-180° (locked in 15° increments) and a pitch adjustment range of -30° to +45°. This allows for lateral cable laying in narrow passageways (such as when the angle between a manhole and a pipe is <90°), preventing the minimum bending radius of the optical cable from exceeding the standard (≥20 times the cable diameter during construction).

[0077] Furthermore, the main controller includes a linkage interface, meaning the linkage interface is integrated into the main controller, and the rescue tripod has built-in sensors.

[0078] The linkage interface provides a standard electrical interface for preset standard electrical equipment to trigger safety devices inside or near the communication manhole, and controls the safety devices to perform corresponding measures via the main controller. The standard electrical interface includes at least a relay output interface; the safety devices include at least forced ventilation equipment.

[0079] The linkage interface is also used to collect the gas concentration of the target gas at the bottom of the communication manhole at a preset collection frequency via the built-in sensors of the rescue tripod, and send the data to the main controller. The target gas includes at least oxygen and hydrogen sulfide. In this case, the built-in sensors, along with other sensors for oxygen and hydrogen sulfide, collect the concentrations of oxygen and hydrogen sulfide at the bottom of the manhole every 2 seconds and upload the data to the main controller for risk assessment.

[0080] The main controller is used to assess the risk of the target gas concentration at the bottom of the communication manhole. When the target gas concentration exceeds a preset safety threshold, it activates the corresponding standard electrical equipment via the linkage interface module to ensure that the standard electrical equipment performs the appropriate measures. For example, when hydrogen sulfide > 10 ppm or oxygen < 19.5%, the main controller outputs the following signals: the relay contact NO-COM closes (continuous power supply, ventilation equipment); the 24V pin outputs a high level (driving the external indicator light, i.e., the aforementioned alarm device (high-intensity LED light, buzzer)).

[0081] Specifically, the equipment linkage process of the linkage interface is as follows: relay closes → contactor coil is energized → main contacts close → fan starts, simultaneously triggering the high-intensity LED light and buzzer on the top of the tripod. The electric hoisting device is then activated to quickly lift the workers working underground out of the manhole. Additionally, for example, after ventilation, the gas concentration drops to a safe level (e.g., hydrogen sulfide <5ppm) → controller delays for 3 minutes → relay opens → fan stops, achieving closed-loop control.

[0082] Additionally, the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole includes a top plate structure; an audible and visual alarm and a voice alarm are mounted on the top plate structure.

[0083] The rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole includes seamless steel and a tripod; the seamless steel wraps around the top of each support in the tripod. The seamless steel serves to protect each support in the tripod.

[0084] The rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole includes a signal transmission line for transmitting all data.

[0085] To better describe the communication-manhole-based rescue device 100 of this application, a description is provided below with reference to specific structural diagrams. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, 1 represents the audible and visual alarm, 2 represents the voice alarm, 3 represents the top plate structure, 4 represents seamless steel, 5 represents the main controller, 6 represents the electric winch, 7 represents the manual winch, 8 represents the crank handle, 9 represents the hoisting device, 10 represents the camera, 11 represents the upper hook, 12 represents the wire rope, 13 represents the sensors (hazardous gas sensor, personnel movement sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor), 14 represents the lower hook, 15 represents the signal transmission line, 16 represents the signal transmission line, 17 represents the cable-laying pulley, 18 represents the cable-laying device, 19 represents the fan, and 20 represents the fixed hook. These modules implement the various processes of the rescue device based on the communication manhole. It should be noted that the serial numbers here only apply to the specific... Figure 2 The corresponding relevant description is this paragraph.

[0086] In summary, the rescue device based on the communication manhole of this application achieves real-time monitoring, i.e., various sensors continuously collect environmental and personnel data; it achieves intelligent analysis and early warning, i.e., the main controller processes data, and if the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a preset safety threshold, or if the personnel status sensor detects a fall or prolonged stillness (exceeding a preset time threshold), it issues a corresponding alarm; it achieves automatic alarm activation, i.e., after triggering an early warning, the main controller automatically activates the audible and visual alarm and the voice siren, and immediately pushes alarm information (including location, hazard type, and real-time data) to the remote control terminal and the mobile phone of the preset responsible person via the wireless module; and it achieves coordinated response. The system is designed to automatically activate forced ventilation equipment via a linkage interface if harmful gas levels exceed the standard, attempting to reduce the concentration. Remote personnel can view real-time data / video through a terminal to confirm the emergency. It also enables rescue initiation: in preferred mode (normal power), remote personnel can remotely control the electric hoisting device for lifting, or surface personnel can press the emergency rescue button on the device to initiate the automatic lifting process. In emergency mode (power outage / manual priority), surface personnel can operate the clutch device to switch to manual mode and use a hand-cranked winch and pulley system for rescue. Finally, it provides information feedback, allowing the rescue process status to be reported to the remote terminal.

[0087] Therefore, this application, through real-time, automatic monitoring and intelligent analysis, can trigger an early warning the instant a dangerous situation (excessive gas levels, personnel falling / remaining stationary) occurs, avoiding the time delay of manual discovery. Automatic alarms and remote push notifications ensure instantaneous information transmission. Compared to existing technologies that rely on manual discovery and reporting, this device reduces the warning and alarm activation time from minutes to seconds, significantly improving response speed. The electric hoisting device, which requires operation from the surface or remotely, lifts personnel out of the hazardous environment, avoiding secondary risks such as poisoning and suffocation from requiring rescuers to enter the well. The clutch design of the manual rescue component ensures relatively safe manual rescue operations from the surface even in extreme situations such as power outages, enhancing rescue safety and reducing the risk of secondary injury. The controller not only supports alarms but can also automatically control ventilation equipment through a linkage interface, actively attempting to modify... The system optimizes hazardous environments (such as reducing the concentration of harmful gases) to create better conditions for subsequent rescue efforts, achieving intelligent linkage under a closed-loop automation of monitoring, analysis, and execution. The electric + manual dual-mode rescue mechanism, specifically designed for communication manholes, is optimized for confined spaces, offering more convenient and efficient operation than general-purpose tools. The electric mode is fast and labor-saving, while the manual mode provides backup in case of power failure, improving rescue efficiency and reliability. The remote control terminal provides real-time data, video, and alarm information, enabling managers to remotely monitor the situation, support decision-making, coordinate resources, and intervene remotely when necessary (such as initiating hoisting), thus enhancing overall safety management and monitoring and management capabilities.

[0088] This application also provides a rescue method based on a communication manhole.

[0089] The above-mentioned rescue method based on the communication manhole is applied to the above-mentioned rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole. For details, please refer to the description of the rescue device 100 based on the communication manhole, which will not be repeated here.

[0090] The rescue method based on a communication manhole provided in this application includes a monitoring module for real-time continuous monitoring of the concentration of harmful gases and the status of personnel working underground, obtaining corresponding monitoring data. An alarm module is used to issue an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold and / or when the personnel status data indicates an abnormal state. A rescue module is used to rescue the personnel working underground after switching to a preset rescue mode, raising them to the wellhead. This rescue method based on a communication manhole, through a rescue device including a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module, can continuously monitor harmful gases and personnel status underground in real time, providing real-time early warning. It can also quickly initiate rescue operations using a dedicated rescue device after an accident is detected, improving rescue efficiency and avoiding the risk of secondary injury associated with manual rescue. Furthermore, it has high adaptability to confined spaces, avoiding the difficulties and slowness of operation in such spaces.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection can be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0092] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0093] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0094] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the deployment methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0095] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rescue device based on a communication manhole, characterized in that, The rescue device based on the communication manhole includes a monitoring module, an alarm module, a rescue module, and a control module; the monitoring module, the alarm module, and the rescue module are respectively connected to and controlled by the control module; the device includes: The monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the concentration of harmful gases and the status of underground construction personnel in real time, and obtain corresponding monitoring data; wherein, the monitoring data includes gas concentration and personnel status data; the alarm module is used to issue an alarm of the corresponding target alarm category when the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a preset gas concentration threshold and / or the personnel status data of underground construction personnel is characterized as an abnormal state. The rescue module is used to rescue underground construction personnel after switching to a preset rescue mode, so as to lift the underground construction personnel to the wellhead; wherein, the rescue mode includes an electric mode and a manual mode.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rescue device based on the communication manhole also includes a rescue tripod located at the wellhead. The monitoring module includes sensors and cameras. The sensors include at least a hazardous gas sensor and a personnel dynamic sensing sensor. The sensors are fixedly installed on the rescue tripod and / or worn close to the body of the underground construction personnel. The hazardous gas sensor is used to continuously monitor the concentration of hazardous gases in the target area and the concentration of hazardous gases in the breathing area of ​​the downhole workers in real time; wherein, the target area is the wellhead and the area near the wellhead downhole, and the breathing area of ​​the downhole workers. The personnel dynamic sensing sensor is used to monitor the status of underground construction personnel in real time and continuously; wherein, the personnel status includes normal activity status and abnormal status, and the abnormal status includes at least falling and prolonged stillness; The camera is used to monitor the underground area of ​​the communication manhole and obtain real-time visual images of the underground area.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; The temperature sensor is used to continuously monitor the ambient temperature downhole in real time. The humidity sensor is used to continuously monitor the ambient humidity downhole in real time. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm when the ambient temperature exceeds a preset temperature safety threshold and / or the ambient humidity exceeds a preset humidity safety threshold.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module is also used to determine the personnel status of the underground construction personnel based on their personnel status data. Determining the personnel status of the underground construction personnel based on their personnel status data includes: Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel, the movement pattern of the underground construction personnel is determined, and in response to the movement pattern of the underground construction personnel conforming to the preset movement pattern, the underground construction personnel are determined to be in a normal activity state. Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction workers, the motion information of the underground construction workers is determined, and in response to the abnormality of the motion information of the underground construction workers, it is determined that the underground construction workers have fallen; wherein, the motion information includes at least acceleration and posture; Based on the personnel status data of the underground construction personnel, the stationary time of the underground construction personnel is determined, and in response to the stationary time of the underground construction personnel exceeding a preset stationary safety threshold, it is determined that the underground construction personnel have been stationary for a long time.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The alarm module includes an audible and visual alarm and a voice alarm; the audible and visual alarm includes an LED light of target intensity and a buzzer, and the audible and visual alarm and the voice alarm are installed on the rescue tripod; The audible and visual alarm is used to generate audible and visual signals based on the LED light and the buzzer to provide an audible and visual alarm. The voice alarm is used to determine the alarm type and the target voice alarm corresponding to the alarm type, and to trigger an alarm by playing the target voice alarm.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rescue module includes a top pulley block installed on the rescue tripod, an electric hoisting device, and a manual rescue device; the electric hoisting device includes at least a small electric winch, a wire rope, an automatic hook, or a rescue belt; the manual rescue device includes at least a manual winch, a pulley block, a manual hook, or a rescue belt. The control module is used to determine the location of the underground construction personnel based on the monitoring data; The electric hoisting device is used to lower the automatic hook / rescue belt to the position of the underground construction personnel and lift the underground construction personnel to the wellhead; The manual rescue device is used to lower the manual hook / rescue belt to the position of the downhole construction personnel, and under the control of the manual winch in the target-below mode by the personnel on the surface, the downhole construction personnel are lifted to the wellhead through the pulley group.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control module includes a main controller, a wireless transmission unit, and a remote control terminal; the wireless transmission unit is integrated on the main controller; the main controller is deployed on the rescue tripod. The main controller is used to receive monitoring data from all sensors in real time, identify the monitoring data based on a preset early warning identification model, and generate and issue corresponding control commands; wherein, the control commands include at least alarm, start hoisting device, and linkage ventilation; The wireless transmission unit is used to upload all data to the remote control terminal in real time; The remote control terminal is used to execute corresponding control commands under the remote control of the target manager and to notify the preset on-site personnel by telephone in a preset emergency situation.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rescue device based on the communication manhole includes a cable-laying pulley auxiliary device; the cable-laying pulley auxiliary device includes a cable-laying pulley and a rotating base; the cable-laying pulley is mounted on the rescue tripod; The cable-laying pulley has a detachable and foldable structure. Its load-bearing capacity meets the tension requirements for laying a preset target number of optical cables. The groove of the cable-laying pulley is a double V-shaped deep groove with a target depth and target angle, and is compatible with optical cables of the target diameter. The horizontal rotation angle of the rotating base is a preset first rotation angle range, and the pitch adjustment angle of the rotating base is a preset first pitch adjustment angle range.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main controller includes a linkage interface; the rescue tripod has built-in sensors. The linkage interface is used to provide a standard electrical interface for a preset standard electrical device to trigger a safety device inside or near the communication manhole, and to control the safety device to perform corresponding measures through the main controller; The linkage interface is also used to collect the gas concentration of the target gas at the bottom of the communication manhole at a preset collection frequency through the built-in sensor of the rescue tripod, and send it to the main controller; The main controller is used to determine the risk of the gas concentration of the target gas at the bottom of the communication manhole, and when the gas concentration of the target gas exceeds the preset target gas concentration safety threshold, it activates the corresponding standard electrical equipment through the linkage interface so that the standard electrical equipment performs the corresponding measures.

10. A rescue method based on a communication manhole, characterized in that, Applied to a rescue device based on a communication manhole as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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