Control method and control device for high-low oxygen equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and device for high-low oxygen equipment, and the method comprises the steps: reading the last stop time of the high-low oxygen equipment when the high-low oxygen equipment is started, and calculating the actual stop time; according to the actual shutdown duration, a first opening parameter of a proportional valve in the high-low oxygen equipment is determined, the proportional valve is used for controlling the flow distribution proportion of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas through opening adjustment, and the first opening parameter is the opening of the proportional valve; according to the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error, offset correction is conducted on the first opening parameter, a second opening parameter is generated, and the output oxygen concentration is made to be in the target value. According to the invention, the preheating waiting time of the cold machine is eliminated, and the oxygen control response speed and precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically, to a control method and control device for high and low oxygen equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Training (IHHT), as a novel physiological intervention technology, has been proven to significantly improve human health and energy metabolism efficiency by simulating the high-altitude, low-oxygen environment. Its core mechanism lies in periodically switching between high and low oxygen concentrations (typically 9%-30%), activating mitochondrial function, promoting ATP synthesis, and enhancing antioxidant capacity. Clinical studies have demonstrated multiple benefits, including improved cardiopulmonary function, delayed aging, regulation of metabolic balance, and neuroprotection. Current IHHT equipment generally employs a process of compressor-pressurized air → cooling and filtration → molecular sieve separation → proportional valve mixing to achieve the target oxygen concentration in the gas output.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks: Insufficient equipment stability: The pressure output difference of the compressor in cold / hot state requires preheating for cold start, resulting in delayed oxygen control and concentration fluctuations; the proportional valve causes internal resistance drift due to continuous operation and heat generation, resulting in uncontrolled gas flow. User experience and safety risks: The long tube design and individual differences may cause some users to experience excessive inhalation resistance and a feeling of stuffiness; single-finger pulse oxygen monitoring is prone to missed detection due to abnormal wearing, and cannot guarantee the reliability of hypoxia warning. Long-term accuracy loss: The single electrochemical oxygen sensor develops measurement deviations over time and cannot be calibrated online, affecting the effectiveness of training. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a control method and control device for high and low oxygen equipment to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control method for a high-low oxygen equipment. The method includes: when the high-low oxygen equipment is turned on, reading the last shutdown time of the high-low oxygen equipment and calculating the actual shutdown duration; determining a first opening parameter of a proportional valve in the high-low oxygen equipment based on the actual shutdown duration, wherein the proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas by adjusting its opening, and the first opening parameter is the opening of the proportional valve; and performing offset correction on the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error to generate a second opening parameter, so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value. In one optional embodiment of this application, the method further includes: when the high / low oxygen equipment is turned on, controlling the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor to turn on, and connecting them to air for calibration; when the high / low oxygen equipment is running, controlling the first oxygen concentration sensor to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested and obtaining first detection data, while the second oxygen concentration sensor is not working; when the first oxygen concentration sensor has been running for a preset time, controlling the second oxygen concentration sensor to connect to air for recalibration; controlling the second oxygen concentration sensor to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested and obtaining second detection data; comparing the first detection data of the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second detection data of the second oxygen concentration sensor; when the error between the first detection data and the second detection data exceeds a threshold, using the detection data of the second oxygen concentration sensor as the detection value, and controlling the first oxygen concentration sensor to connect to air for recalibration.

[0006] In one optional embodiment of this application, the second opening parameter is determined by: acquiring the real-time acquisition value of the oxygen concentration sensor; calculating the oxygen concentration feedback value error based on the difference between the real-time acquisition value and the target oxygen concentration; and when the oxygen concentration feedback value error is greater than the target threshold, calculating the second opening parameter and modifying the opening of the proportional valve from the first opening parameter to the second opening parameter.

[0007] In one optional embodiment of this application, the method further includes: acquiring the operating temperature data of the proportional valve in real time through a temperature sensor; determining the duty cycle of the proportional valve control voltage based on the operating temperature data; adjusting the pulse width modulation of the driving signal of the proportional valve based on the duty cycle to compensate for the current attenuation caused by the heating of the proportional valve; and driving a semiconductor cooling chip to cool the proportional valve.

[0008] In one optional embodiment of this application, the method further includes: acquiring the user's breathing signal in real time through a respiratory rate sensor to identify the user's breathing state; when the user's breathing state is detected as inhalation, controlling the pressurization device of the pressurized auxiliary airbag to start and increase the output gas flow; when the user's breathing state is detected as exhalation, controlling the air pump to synchronously replenish air to the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag to store the gas required for the next cycle.

[0009] In one optional embodiment of this application, the method further includes: acquiring vital sign data, wherein the vital sign data are real-time blood oxygen value of the finger pulse oxygenation monitoring module, brain tissue oxygenation data of the brain oxygenation monitoring module, and muscle oxygenation data of the muscle oxygenation monitoring module; when any vital sign data is lower than a preset protection threshold, controlling the high and low oxygen separation device to switch to high oxygen output mode to perform oxygen injection protection.

[0010] In one optional embodiment of this application, the gas is purified by a virus filter before being output, and the virus filter is located at the end of the airway between the pressurized auxiliary airbag and the breathing mask.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a control device for a high-low oxygen equipment. The device includes: an actual downtime calculation module, used to read the last downtime of the high-low oxygen equipment and calculate the actual downtime when the high-low oxygen equipment is turned on; a first opening parameter determination module, used to determine a first opening parameter of a proportional valve in the high-low oxygen equipment based on the actual downtime, the proportional valve being used to control the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas by adjusting the opening degree, the first opening parameter being the opening degree of the proportional valve; and a second opening parameter generation module, used to offset and correct the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error, generating a second opening parameter so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described above are performed.

[0013] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method described above.

[0014] The control method and control device for high and low oxygen equipment provided in this application read the last shutdown time and calculate the actual shutdown duration when the high and low oxygen equipment is started, dynamically set the initial opening parameter of the proportional valve (such as using a low opening for preheating when the machine is cold, and directly entering the target control when the machine is hot), and combine the closed-loop error correction mechanism of the target oxygen concentration and the feedback value to achieve rapid start-up and precise oxygen control in the cold state, effectively eliminating the waiting time for cold preheating in the traditional solution.

[0015] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts for the control method of high and low oxygen equipment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the gas path of the high and low oxygen equipment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A second flowchart illustrating the control method for high and low oxygen equipment provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure detection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the oxygen concentration detection and calculation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the semiconductor control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control device for the high and low oxygen equipment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, every other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] First, the applicable scenarios for this application will be introduced. This application can be applied to the technical field of medical devices.

[0020] Research has found that intermittent hyperoxia training (IHHT), as a novel physiological intervention technology, can improve human health and metabolic efficiency by periodically switching between high and low oxygen concentrations, demonstrating multiple clinical benefits. Its equipment generally employs processes such as compressor pressurization, molecular sieve separation, and proportional valve mixing to achieve gas output. However, existing IHHT equipment suffers from three major drawbacks: insufficient equipment stability (cold start requires preheating, leading to delayed oxygen control and concentration fluctuations; proportional valve heating causes internal resistance drift, resulting in flow control failure), user experience and safety risks (long tubing and individual differences lead to high inspiratory resistance; single finger pulse oxygen monitoring is prone to missing hypoxia), and long-term lack of accuracy (single electrochemical oxygen sensors are prone to measurement deviations and cannot be calibrated online).

[0021] Specifically, after the air compressor is powered on, it generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The gas needs to be cooled by a heat exchanger to prevent overheating; then it passes through an air filter to remove oil and water. A pressure sensor can detect the gas pressure in real time. A gas pressure relief valve prevents excessive pressure from affecting the equipment and training. However, the function of this pressure relief valve is only to prevent the pressure from exceeding the upper limit. When the machine is first turned on and running cold, and after running for a period of time, the value monitored by the pressure sensor gradually decreases. This is reflected in the end oxygen output, which also gradually decreases. Therefore, if our preset proportional valve parameters remain unchanged, although we can eventually obtain the target oxygen through oxygen concentration feedback (due to gas mixing, the parameter control output has a delay), this process is very slow, that is, the oxygen control rate is slow.

[0022] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a control method and control device for a high- and low-oxygen equipment. The method includes: when the high- and low-oxygen equipment is turned on, reading the last shutdown time of the equipment and calculating the actual shutdown duration; determining a first opening parameter of a proportional valve in the high- and low-oxygen equipment based on the actual shutdown duration, wherein the proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas through opening adjustment; and performing offset correction on the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error to generate a second opening parameter, so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value. This application eliminates the preheating waiting time of the chiller and improves the oxygen control response speed and accuracy.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts for the control method of the high and low oxygen equipment provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the control method for high and low oxygen equipment includes: S101. When the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, read the last shutdown time of the high and low oxygen equipment and calculate the actual shutdown time. In the control system of high and low oxygen equipment, there is usually a storage module (such as EEPROM or Flash memory) to record the operating status information of the equipment, including the last downtime. When the equipment is turned on, the control system first reads the data of the last downtime from the storage module.

[0024] Simultaneously, the control system acquires the current real-time time, which can be achieved through the device's built-in real-time clock (RTC) module. Then, it calculates the actual downtime using the current time and the previous downtime. The calculation method typically involves subtracting the previous downtime from the current time; the resulting time difference is the actual downtime.

[0025] In this step, accurately obtaining the actual downtime allows the control system to understand the equipment's historical operating status. For example, if the downtime is long, parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the equipment have returned to their initial states; while a short downtime retains some residual temperature and pressure. This provides crucial information for the subsequent rational setting of the proportional valve opening, helping the equipment to better adapt to its own state during startup and achieve stable operation.

[0026] S102. Determine the first opening parameter of the proportional valve in the high and low oxygen equipment based on the actual downtime.

[0027] A proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas by adjusting the opening degree. The first opening degree parameter is the opening degree of the proportional valve.

[0028] The equipment has a pre-defined correspondence between different actual downtime ranges and the first opening parameter of the proportional valve. These correspondences are determined based on extensive experimental and practical experience. For example, when the actual downtime is less than 10 minutes, the equipment is considered to be in a warm-up state, and the first opening parameter of the proportional valve is set to 70%; when the actual downtime is between 10 and 30 minutes, the opening is set to 50%; and when the actual downtime exceeds 30 minutes, it is considered to be in a cold-up state, and the opening is set to 30%.

[0029] The control system queries a preset correspondence table based on the calculated actual downtime to determine the first opening parameter of the proportional valve, and sends this parameter to the control module of the proportional valve to control the opening of the proportional valve.

[0030] Setting appropriate initial opening degrees for proportional valves based on different equipment states (cold or hot) can effectively prevent problems such as pressure surges and unstable flow rates during equipment startup. In cold operation, a smaller opening degree allows the equipment to slowly build up pressure and flow, reducing the impact on the equipment; while in hot operation, a larger opening degree can quickly achieve the required gas flow distribution, improving the equipment's response speed and ensuring stability and reliability during the startup phase.

[0031] S103. Based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error, offset correction is performed on the first opening parameter to generate the second opening parameter, so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value.

[0032] The equipment is equipped with an oxygen concentration sensor to monitor the oxygen concentration of the output gas in real time and transmit the monitored oxygen concentration feedback value to the control system. The control system compares this feedback value with the preset target oxygen concentration and calculates the error value between the two.

[0033] Specifically, the second opening parameter is determined in the following manner: Acquire real-time values ​​from the oxygen concentration sensor; Here, the oxygen concentration sensor in the device continuously detects the oxygen concentration of the current output gas and transmits the detected real-time data to the control system.

[0034] Real-time monitoring of the actual oxygen concentration in the gas output from the equipment is fundamental for subsequent feedback control. Only by accurately obtaining the current oxygen concentration can it be determined whether the equipment is outputting gas with the expected target oxygen concentration.

[0035] The oxygen concentration feedback value error is calculated based on the difference between the real-time collected value and the target oxygen concentration. The control system compares the real-time oxygen concentration values ​​acquired by the oxygen concentration sensor with the preset target oxygen concentration, and calculates the oxygen concentration feedback value error by subtracting the two values. For example, if the target oxygen concentration is set to 25% and the real-time acquired value is 23%, then the error is 2%.

[0036] Determine the degree of deviation between the current actual oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration. This error value is an important basis for subsequently deciding whether and how to adjust the proportional valve opening.

[0037] When the oxygen concentration feedback value error is greater than the target threshold, the second opening parameter is calculated, and the opening of the proportional valve is modified from the first opening parameter to the second opening parameter.

[0038] A target threshold is preset. When the calculated oxygen concentration feedback value error exceeds this target threshold, the control system calculates a second opening parameter based on a specific algorithm. This algorithm typically considers factors such as the magnitude and direction of the error (whether it is higher or lower than the target oxygen concentration) and the characteristics of the equipment. After calculating the second opening parameter, the control system sends a command to the proportional valve, modifying its opening from the previous first opening parameter to the calculated second opening parameter.

[0039] Objective: When the actual oxygen concentration deviates significantly from the target oxygen concentration, adjust the opening of the proportional valve in a timely manner to change the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas, thereby bringing the oxygen concentration of the output gas closer to the target value and ensuring that the equipment can stably and accurately output the gas with the required oxygen concentration.

[0040] The control system sends the generated second opening parameter to the control module of the proportional valve. The proportional valve adjusts its opening according to the new parameter to change the flow distribution ratio of high-oxygen gas and low-oxygen gas, so that the output oxygen concentration gradually approaches the target value.

[0041] This closed-loop control method allows for real-time adjustment of the proportional valve opening, effectively compensating for oxygen concentration deviations caused by various factors (such as gas supply pressure fluctuations, sensor errors, and ambient temperature changes). This ensures the equipment's output oxygen concentration remains consistently near the target value, improving control accuracy and stability, guaranteeing users an accurate high / low oxygen training or treatment environment, and enhancing equipment performance and reliability.

[0042] For example, the system can read the last stop time each time training starts, recommend a first preset parameter (the opening of the proportional valve) based on the time difference, and recommend a second preset parameter based on the target value (the set value of oxygen concentration) and the feedback error (the error between the real-time collected value of oxygen concentration and the set value) based on the first parameter. The system can then be adjusted and updated based on the second preset parameter to achieve rapid and accurate oxygen production, avoiding the need for preheating every time the machine is used cold.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the gas path of the high and low oxygen equipment provided in the embodiments of this application; like Figure 2 The pressure sensor, virus filter, humidifier, flow sensor, exhalation valve, and oxygen concentration sensor (set on the intake and exhalation paths) have the following functions: A pressure sensor is used to monitor gas pressure; a virus filter is used to filter viruses and particulate matter from the gas; a humidifier is used to humidify the gas; a flow sensor is used to monitor gas flow rate; an exhalation valve is used to control the opening and closing of the exhalation path; and an oxygen concentration sensor is used to monitor the oxygen concentration in the gas. These components are connected in sequence to the intake or exhalation path to monitor and regulate gas parameters.

[0044] Before being output, the gas is purified by a virus filter, which is located at the end of the airway between the pressurized auxiliary airbag and the breathing mask.

[0045] The functions of the air inlet, air compressor, heat exchanger, air filter, combination filter, solenoid valve, and atomizer are as follows: The air inlet is where gas enters the equipment; the air compressor is used to compress the incoming gas; the heat exchanger is used to regulate the gas temperature; the air filter and combination filter are used to filter impurities in the gas; the solenoid valve is used to control the gas flow; the atomizer is used to atomize the liquid into gas; the atomization / exhaust corresponds to the discharge of atomized gas or excess gas. These components are connected in sequence on the air inlet path for gas compression, filtration, temperature regulation and atomization.

[0046] The clean gas produced by the air compressor can be separated into high-oxygen and low-oxygen gases by an air separator. Through the triple control of the throttle valve, proportional valve and three-way valve, the oxygen concentration required for training can be produced.

[0047] The high and low oxygen levels flowing into the ammonia module are separated and mixed to obtain a preset oxygen concentration. After passing through the exhalation valve and humidifier, the gas is moistened. The oxygen concentration sensor and flow sensor monitor the oxygen parameters in real time, and the pressure sensor provides feedback to the control system for real-time adjustment. The exhalation valve and the gas reservoir (main gas reservoir + pressurized auxiliary gas reservoir) are designed to prevent the effects of excessive gas pressure. Finally, the gas undergoes final treatment through a virus filter to obtain pure gas for the trainee to use with a breathing mask.

[0048] The nitrogen module, gas booster valve, high oxygen tank, low oxygen tank, and multiple three-way valves have the following functions: The nitrogen module is used to supply nitrogen; the gas booster valve is used to increase the gas pressure; the high oxygen tank and low oxygen tank are used to store high and low concentrations of oxygen; the three-way valve is used to control the gas flow direction and switch different gas paths. The nitrogen module and oxygen tank are connected to the main gas path through the three-way valve to adjust the gas mixing ratio.

[0049] The compressor is used to further compress the gas. The compressor is connected to a three-way valve to regulate the gas pressure and flow direction.

[0050] The functions of throttle valves and proportional valves (multiple) are as follows: Throttling valves are used to regulate gas flow; proportional valves are used to precisely control gas flow and proportion. These valves are connected to the gas path to precisely regulate gas parameters.

[0051] The main air supply, virus filter, and mask functions are as follows: The main air path is used for the main gas flow path; the virus filter is used to further filter the gas; the mask is a mask worn by the user for gas input, and the main air path is connected to the mask through the virus filter to ensure that the gas inhaled by the user is clean.

[0052] Through the coordinated operation of these components, high and low oxygen equipment can achieve gas compression, filtration, temperature regulation, humidity regulation, mixing ratio adjustment, and precise flow control, thereby providing high and low oxygen training gases suitable for user needs.

[0053] Figure 2 In the diagram, proportional valve 2, connected in parallel with the throttle valve, is on the low-oxygen side. The larger the opening of the low-oxygen side, the higher the oxygen concentration; the smaller the opening, the lower the oxygen concentration. Proportional valve 2 is located on the low-oxygen side, while proportional valves 3 and 4 correspond to the high-oxygen side. The larger the opening of proportional valve 3, the lower the oxygen concentration; the smaller the opening, the higher the oxygen concentration. Proportional valve 3 regulates the flow rate output from the high-oxygen side and also regulates the low-oxygen concentration of the mixture from the high-oxygen side. In the diagram, N2 is on the low-oxygen side, and O2 is on the high-oxygen side.

[0054] Figure 2 The intelligent control component mainly includes an electronic embedded control system, an air compressor control module, a solenoid valve control module, a gas pressure detection module, an oxygen detection module (including flow and temperature detection), an oxygen concentration detection module, a display module, a human function acquisition module, and a switch module.

[0055] The interactive display section mainly allows users to interact with the intelligent control mode by setting parameters such as training mode, training parameters, and running time. For example, the interactive display could be the screen of a high / low oxygen device. The screen is used to acquire training parameters, such as oxygen concentration, prescription, and time, and to display the collected human information on the screen. If there are any abnormalities, there will be an alarm indication.

[0056] The human body function acquisition section includes parameters such as blood oxygen protection value, heart rate, respiratory rate, brain oxygen monitoring, and muscle oxygen monitoring. During training, if blood oxygen is lower than the set protection value, the intelligent control section will automatically switch to high oxygen for oxygen injection protection to protect the human body from harm. Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating the control method for high and low oxygen equipment provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the control method for high and low oxygen equipment further includes: S201. When the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, control the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor to turn on, and connect air to calibrate the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor. When the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor are activated simultaneously and connected to the air for calibration.

[0057] Ensure both sensors are in accurate working condition before starting operation. Use a relatively stable oxygen concentration in the air (approximately 21%) as a standard to calibrate the sensors, providing an accurate reference for their measurements.

[0058] S202. When the high and low oxygen equipment is running, the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested and obtain the first detection data, while the second oxygen concentration sensor does not work. During normal operation of the high and low oxygen equipment, only the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested and acquire the first detection data. At this time, the second oxygen concentration sensor is not in operation, avoiding interference caused by the simultaneous operation of two sensors, and saving energy and reducing unnecessary calculations. The first oxygen concentration sensor continuously monitors the gas oxygen concentration, providing data support for the normal operation of the equipment.

[0059] S203. When the preset running time of the first oxygen concentration sensor is detected, the second oxygen concentration sensor is connected to the air to recalibrate the second oxygen concentration sensor. Once the first oxygen concentration sensor has been running for a preset time, the second oxygen concentration sensor is connected to the air for recalibration.

[0060] Over time, sensors may develop measurement errors due to environmental factors and changes in their own performance. After the first sensor has been running for a period of time, the second sensor is calibrated to ensure it is always in a state of accurate operation, preparing for subsequent comparative testing.

[0061] S204. Control the second oxygen concentration sensor to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested, and obtain the second detection data; The second oxygen concentration sensor, which has been calibrated, is controlled to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested, and a second detection data is obtained. Another independent oxygen concentration detection data is then acquired so that it can be compared and analyzed with the data from the first sensor.

[0062] S205. Compare the first detection data from the first oxygen concentration sensor with the second detection data from the second oxygen concentration sensor. The first detection data from the first sensor and the second detection data from the second sensor are compared.

[0063] By comparing the detection data from the two oxygen concentration sensors, the working status of the first oxygen concentration sensor can be determined. If the two data are similar, it indicates that the first oxygen concentration sensor is working properly; if the difference is large, it indicates that the first oxygen concentration sensor has a problem.

[0064] S206. When the error between the first detection data and the second detection data exceeds the threshold, the detection data of the second oxygen concentration sensor is used as the detection value, and the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to connect to the air for recalibration.

[0065] When the error between the first detection data and the second detection data exceeds the set threshold, the detection data of the second oxygen concentration sensor is used as the final detection value, and the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to connect to the air for recalibration.

[0066] In this step, the accuracy of the oxygen concentration detection data output by the equipment is ensured. If a fault or large error is found in the first oxygen concentration sensor, the data from the second oxygen concentration sensor is used as the current accurate detection value. At the same time, the first oxygen concentration sensor is recalibrated to restore it to normal working condition so that it can continue to provide reliable detection data in the future.

[0067] Optionally, the method further includes: acquiring the operating temperature data of the proportional valve in real time via a temperature sensor; Here, high-precision temperature sensors, such as thermistor sensors or digital temperature sensors (e.g., model DS18B20), are installed in key parts of the proportional valve (e.g., on the valve body surface, in areas prone to heat generation). These sensors can convert the sensed temperature signal into an electrical signal.

[0068] The temperature sensor communicates with the equipment's control system via wired (e.g., cable connection) or wireless (e.g., Bluetooth or other wireless communication protocols). The control system sends read commands to the temperature sensor at regular time intervals (e.g., every 100 milliseconds) to obtain the current operating temperature data of the proportional valve.

[0069] Real-time and accurate monitoring of the proportional valve's operating temperature provides fundamental data for adjusting control strategies based on temperature changes. Only by understanding the temperature situation promptly can targeted measures be taken to address problems caused by temperature variations.

[0070] Determine the duty cycle of the proportional valve control voltage based on the operating temperature data; Here, a temperature-duty cycle mapping table or mathematical model is pre-established in the control system. This mapping table or model is derived from a large amount of experimental data, and it describes the control voltage duty cycle required to maintain the normal operating current of the proportional valve at different operating temperatures.

[0071] Once the control system obtains the current operating temperature data of the proportional valve, it determines the appropriate control voltage duty cycle for the current temperature by querying a mapping table or substituting it into a mathematical model. For example, experiments have shown that when the temperature is 30℃, a duty cycle of 60% can stabilize the proportional valve current; when the temperature rises to 40℃, the duty cycle needs to be adjusted to 70%, and so on.

[0072] This system enables dynamic adjustment of the control voltage duty cycle based on the actual operating temperature of the proportional valve, providing precise control parameters for subsequent compensation of current attenuation. The resistance and other characteristics of the proportional valve change under different temperatures; this method allows for advance prediction and adjustment of control parameters, ensuring that the proportional valve receives a suitable drive voltage at various temperatures.

[0073] Based on the duty cycle, the drive signal of the proportional valve is adjusted by pulse width modulation to compensate for the current attenuation caused by the heating of the proportional valve. The pulse width modulation (PWM) module in the control system adjusts the pulse width of the drive signal output to the proportional valve according to a determined duty cycle. A PWM signal is a digital signal with a fixed period but a variable pulse width; changing the pulse width alters the average value of the output voltage.

[0074] For example, when the duty cycle increases, the proportion of the PWM signal at a high level within a cycle increases, and the average voltage output to the proportional valve rises, thereby compensating for the current attenuation caused by the increased internal resistance due to the proportional valve's heating. Specifically, the control system controls the PWM module's registers through software programming to set the corresponding duty cycle parameters.

[0075] This step directly adjusts the drive current of the proportional valve, effectively compensating for the current attenuation caused by heat generation. It ensures that the proportional valve can obtain a stable drive current at different temperatures, thereby maintaining its normal working performance, such as accurate opening control.

[0076] The semiconductor cooling chip is used to cool the proportional valve.

[0077] Finally, a thermoelectric cooler is installed near the proportional valve, and the cooler is connected to the power supply and control system of the equipment via wires. The control system adjusts the driving voltage output to the thermoelectric cooler based on the operating temperature data of the proportional valve, thereby controlling the cooling intensity.

[0078] When the proportional valve temperature exceeds a certain threshold, the control system increases the voltage output to the thermoelectric cooler, thereby increasing its cooling capacity. When the temperature drops to a suitable range, the control system reduces the output voltage, thus decreasing the cooling capacity. For example, a PID control algorithm can be used to dynamically adjust the driving voltage of the thermoelectric cooler based on the temperature deviation (the difference between the set temperature and the actual temperature).

[0079] Directly cooling the proportional valve reduces the negative impacts of overheating at its source, such as preventing excessive increase in internal resistance and extending the valve's service life. Simultaneously, this, combined with the aforementioned current compensation measures, ensures stable and reliable operation of the proportional valve under various working conditions.

[0080] Optionally, the method further includes: The user's breathing signals are collected in real time by a respiratory rate sensor to identify the user's breathing status. Choose a suitable respiratory rate sensor, such as a piezoelectric respiratory sensor or a thermal respiratory sensor. A piezoelectric respiratory sensor can be installed on the user's chest or abdomen, using the piezoelectric effect to convert the pressure changes generated by the movement of the chest or abdomen during breathing into an electrical signal; a thermal respiratory sensor obtains the respiratory signal by detecting the temperature changes caused by the breathing airflow, and is generally installed near the user's mouth and nose.

[0081] The sensors transmit the collected analog signals to the device's control system. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the control system converts the analog signals into digital signals for subsequent processing. Then, the control system uses specific algorithms, such as threshold-based or pattern recognition algorithms, to analyze the digital signals. For example, a threshold is set; when the signal strength exceeds the threshold, it is determined to be inhalation, and when it is below the threshold, it is determined to be exhalation; or the breathing state is identified by analyzing the waveform characteristics of the signal.

[0082] When the user's breathing state is detected as inhalation, the pressurization device of the pressurized auxiliary airbag is activated to increase the output gas flow rate; Specifically, the pressurization device control: After the control system detects that the user is in an inhalation state, it sends a control signal to the pressurization device of the pressurized auxiliary airbag. The pressurization device can be a small air pump or other pressurization equipment, which increases gas output by adjusting its operating power or opening degree. For example, by changing the motor speed of the air pump, the air pump's suction and exhaust speeds are increased, thereby increasing the gas pressure and flow rate in the pressurized auxiliary airbag.

[0083] Gas flow regulation: When the booster is activated, the control system can further adjust the gas flow rate according to preset parameters or the user's personalized needs. For example, different flow rate increases can be set based on the user's age, physical condition, or training goals.

[0084] When the user's breathing state is detected as exhalation, the control air pump synchronously replenishes air to the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag to store the gas required for the next cycle.

[0085] Once the control system detects that the user is exhaling, it sends a command to the air pump to start it. The air pump is connected to the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag through tubing, pumping outside air or treated gas into the airbags.

[0086] Synchronous Gas Replenishment Control: To ensure that both the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag have sufficient gas reserves for the next cycle, the control system precisely controls the operating time and flow rate of the air pump, enabling gas to be replenished to both airbags synchronously and evenly. For example, by adjusting the valve opening or operating time of the air pump, the gas pressure and capacity of the two airbags are guaranteed to reach appropriate levels.

[0087] This step involves pre-storing sufficient gas for the next breathing cycle, ensuring the device can deliver the required gas flow rate promptly and stably when the user inhales next time. This reserve mechanism helps maintain stable device operation, preventing insufficient gas supply from affecting the user's training experience and device performance. Simultaneously, the synchronous gas replenishment method ensures a gas reserve balance between the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag, improving the overall reliability of the device.

[0088] The solution to the problem of proportional valve overheating affecting flow rate is to increase the duty cycle of the control voltage to compensate for the reduced losses due to overheating; alternatively, a semiconductor cooling chip can be used to cool the proportional valve and reduce heat generation.

[0089] The solution for users experiencing shortness of breath due to insufficient airflow is to monitor their respiratory rate. During inhalation, the pressure-boosting auxiliary airbag is controlled to increase airflow, and during exhalation, both airbags are replenished with air, making it easier for individual users with breathing difficulties to inhale.

[0090] Optionally, the method further includes: Obtain vital sign data.

[0091] The vital signs data include real-time blood oxygen values ​​from the finger pulse oxygenation monitoring module, brain tissue oxygenation data from the brain oxygenation monitoring module, and muscle oxygenation data from the muscle oxygenation monitoring module. Module Connection and Data Transmission: The pulse oximetry monitoring module, brain oxygenation monitoring module, and muscle oxygenation monitoring module establish connections with the control system of the high and low oxygen equipment via wired (e.g., data cable connection) or wireless (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and other wireless communication technologies). These monitoring modules continuously monitor the user's blood oxygenation, brain tissue oxygenation, and muscle oxygenation, and transmit the collected data to the control system in real time.

[0092] Data parsing and processing: After receiving the data, the control system first parses it, converting the raw data transmitted from different modules into recognizable numerical information. For example, the pulse oximetry monitoring module transmits an encoded electrical signal, which the control system converts into a blood oxygen saturation value using a specific decoding algorithm. Then, the control system performs preliminary verification and filtering on the parsed data to remove noise and outliers, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0093] This application enables comprehensive and real-time acquisition of key vital signs data from users, providing an accurate data foundation for subsequent assessment of the user's physical condition and the implementation of corresponding measures. By simultaneously acquiring blood oxygen, brain oxygen, and muscle oxygen data, a more comprehensive understanding of the user's oxygenation status can be obtained, allowing for the timely detection of potential health risks.

[0094] When any vital sign data falls below the preset protection threshold, the high and low oxygen separation device is switched to high oxygen output mode to perform oxygen injection protection.

[0095] The control system pre-sets protection thresholds for various vital signs based on medical research and the user's actual situation. For example, the protection threshold for blood oxygen saturation might be set at 90%, and there are also corresponding reasonable threshold ranges for brain tissue oxygenation and muscle oxygenation data. These thresholds can be adjusted according to different user groups (such as age, health status, etc.).

[0096] The control system compares the acquired vital sign data with preset protection thresholds in real time. When any vital sign data is found to be lower than the corresponding protection threshold, the control system immediately makes a judgment and triggers subsequent control actions.

[0097] The control system sends control commands to the high-low oxygen separation device, switching it to high oxygen output mode. The high-low oxygen separation device typically contains corresponding valves or regulating mechanisms; by changing the state of these components, the output gas is switched to a high oxygen concentration, thereby executing an oxygen injection protection operation.

[0098] This application responds promptly to potential oxygen deficiency in users by quickly switching to a high-oxygen output mode, providing a high concentration of oxygen to effectively improve the user's oxygenation status and prevent physical damage or other serious consequences caused by hypoxia. This protective mechanism enhances the safety and reliability of the equipment, ensuring the health and safety of users during use.

[0099] In one optional embodiment, vital sign detection only involves pulse oximetry. In actual training, the oximetry may be occasionally missed due to wearing habits, which may affect the concentration output. Here, we have added brain oxygenation and muscle oxygenation monitoring modules based on near-infrared spectroscopy and spatial resolution algorithms. These modules can non-invasively, continuously, and in real time monitor the oxygenation status of local tissues, reflect the dynamic balance between oxygen supply and consumption in local tissues, and provide timely warnings of hypoxia and ischemia in important organs such as the cerebral cortex, thereby outputting appropriate oxygen concentrations in a timely manner to protect the human body from harm.

[0100] As a crucial component in closed-loop feedback, the accuracy of the oxygen concentration sensor directly determines the precision of the equipment. Due to the low measurement accuracy of ultrasonic oxygen sensors and the high cost of laser sensors, we opted for an electrochemical oxygen sensor. However, electrochemical sensors also experience wear and tear over time, affecting their accuracy. Therefore, we need to calibrate them periodically. To ensure accuracy during prolonged use, we can switch calibrations without affecting the output, thus requiring a dual oxygen concentration sensor.

[0101] The specific implementation method involves calibrating two sensors by inputting air during power-on. During use, one sensor is used to measure oxygen, while the other is calibrated and measured periodically. By comparing the errors of the two sensors, they are used alternately and calibrated to ensure accuracy. The specific process is as follows: When powered on, both oxygen sensors are calibrated by connecting to 21% air. During normal operation, the first oxygen sensor is connected to the gas to be tested, while the second oxygen sensor is not working. After a certain time interval, the second oxygen sensor is first connected to air for calibration, and then connected to the gas to be tested. The values ​​of the second and first oxygen sensors are compared. When the error exceeds a certain value, the value of the second oxygen sensor is used as the detection value, and the first oxygen sensor is controlled to connect to air for calibration. After calibration, the gas to be tested is reconnected, and the second oxygen sensor stops working.

[0102] This application provides a control method and control device for high and low oxygen equipment. The method includes: when the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, reading the last shutdown time of the high and low oxygen equipment and calculating the actual shutdown duration; determining a first opening parameter of a proportional valve in the high and low oxygen equipment based on the actual shutdown duration, wherein the proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high oxygen gas and low oxygen gas by adjusting its opening degree, and the first opening parameter is the opening degree of the proportional valve; and performing offset correction on the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error to generate a second opening parameter, so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value. This application eliminates the preheating waiting time of the chiller and improves the oxygen control response speed and accuracy.

[0103] In one optional embodiment, the driving circuit of this application is described in detail as follows: 1. Proportional valve control circuit This application controls the drive current at the proportional valve port by controlling the duty cycle of the PWM pulse through a microcontroller timer corresponding to the I / O, thereby controlling the oxygen concentration. This allows the system to obtain the required oxygen concentration and flow rate for training, achieving the purpose of high and low oxygen training.

[0104] 2. Solenoid valve control circuit This application uses two solenoid valves to control the high and low oxygen gas outlets respectively. The microcontroller controls the opening and closing of each solenoid valve through this circuit to generate oxygen of the corresponding concentration.

[0105] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; please identify the above image and explain each English parameter without omission. Whether it is a number or English word appearing in the image, please explain its Chinese meaning. Figure 4 In the middle, the chip section on the left. INA-1, INA-2, INB-1, INB-2: "IN" is an abbreviation for "Input." These pins are the chip's input pins, used to receive external input signals to control the chip's operating state. For example, they receive signals from a microcontroller or other control logic to determine the actions of subsequent circuits.

[0106] NC is an abbreviation for "Not Connected," indicating that the pin is not connected and is not electrically connected to other components in the circuit. This is usually done to ensure the integrity of the chip pin layout or to reserve space for possible future expansion.

[0107] OUTA, OUTB: "OUT" is short for "Output". These two pins are the chip's output pins. After processing the input signal, the chip outputs corresponding control signals through these pins to drive subsequent circuits.

[0108] VDD: Positive power supply pin. "V" stands for voltage, and "DD" usually stands for digital power, which provides the operating voltage for the digital circuits inside the chip.

[0109] GND: Ground pin, short for "Ground", provides a zero potential reference point for the circuit, ensuring the stability of the potential at each point in the circuit, which is the basis for the normal operation of the circuit.

[0110] C53 (100nF): "C" stands for Capacitor, "53" is the capacitor's part number, and "100nF" indicates that the capacitor's capacitance is 100 nanofarads. This capacitor is connected between VDD and GND and typically functions as a power supply filter, removing high-frequency noise from the power supply to ensure a stable power supply for the chip.

[0111] Middle and right side circuit sections V24: Indicates a 24-volt power supply voltage, which provides operating power for the subsequent drive circuit and solenoid valve.

[0112] P0 Atomizer: "P0" is the circuit number or identifier of the atomizer. "Atomizer" is the specific load device. The function of the circuit here is to control the operation of the atomizer.

[0113] OUT1A and OUT1B are also output signal pins. They are signals output from the preceding chip or other control logic to control the subsequent power drive circuit, and thus control the working state of the solenoid valve or atomizer.

[0114] P10 Solenoid Valve: "P10" is the circuit number or identifier of the solenoid valve. A "solenoid valve" is a controlled load device that is opened or closed by the control of the circuit.

[0115] The transistor (or field-effect transistor, symbolized as MOSFET in the diagram) in the diagram is used as a switching element. When the input signal (such as OUT1A, OUT1B) meets certain conditions, the MOSFET turns on, connecting the V24 power supply to the solenoid valve or atomizer, enabling it to operate; when the input signal does not meet the conditions, the MOSFET turns off, disconnecting the power supply from the load, and the load stops working.

[0116] The control implementation process is as follows: Microcontroller output control signals: The microcontroller outputs high-level or low-level signals through the corresponding I / O ports according to the preset program and the current system requirements (such as the need to switch to high-oxygen or low-oxygen output mode).

[0117] Optocoupler isolation: When the microcontroller's I / O port outputs a signal, the input side of the optocoupler is turned on, and the LED inside the optocoupler emits light, causing the photosensitive device on the output side to turn on, thus isolating the microcontroller's control signal and transmitting it to the subsequent drive circuit.

[0118] Drive circuit operation: The signal output by the optocoupler controls the conduction and cutoff of the driving device (such as a MOSFET). When the optocoupler output signal turns on the MOSFET, the 24V power supply powers the solenoid valve through the MOSFET, energizing and opening the solenoid valve to allow the passage of oxygen at the corresponding concentration; when the optocoupler output signal turns off the MOSFET, the solenoid valve is de-energized and closed, cutting off the gas passage.

[0119] Freewheeling protection: When the solenoid valve is de-energized, the generated reverse electromotive force is freewheeled through a diode connected in parallel, protecting the components in the drive circuit from the influence of the reverse electromotive force.

[0120] 3. Pressure detection circuit This application has a pressure sensor at both the front and back ends. Through IIC communication, it detects different voltage values ​​and converts them into corresponding gas pressure values.

[0121] Specifically, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure detection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 In the middle, the chip pin section VDD (pin 6): "V" stands for Voltage, and "DD" usually indicates Digital Power. This pin connects to a 3V3 power supply to provide the operating voltage for the internal digital circuitry of the chip.

[0122] GND (pin 3): Abbreviation for "Ground", which is the ground pin. It provides a zero-potential reference point for the chip, ensuring the potential stability of the internal circuitry and is fundamental to the normal operation of the chip.

[0123] NC (labeled next to pins 2 and 6; pin 2 is actually NC, and pin 6 has been explained as VDD. This is a labeling convention; focus on pin 2): The abbreviation "Not Connected" indicates that the pin is not connected and is not electrically connected to other components in the circuit. This is usually done to ensure the integrity of the chip pin layout or to reserve space for possible future expansion. In this case, pin 2 is not electrically connected.

[0124] SCL (pin 1): Abbreviation for "Serial Clock Line". In I²C communication, SCL is used to transmit clock signals, which are generated by the master device (such as a microcontroller) and used to synchronize the data transmission of the slave device (this chip).

[0125] SDA (pin 5): Abbreviation for "Serial Data Line". In I²C communication, SDA is used to transmit data between master and slave devices.

[0126] External circuit section 3V3: This indicates a 3.3-volt power supply voltage, providing operating power to the chip and other related circuits. There are two 3V3 connections in the diagram: one connected to the chip's VDD pin, and the other connected to the SCL and SDA pins via pull-up resistors.

[0127] Pull-up resistors (resistors connected between 3V3 and SCL, SDA): In the I²C bus, the SCL and SDA lines typically require pull-up resistors connected to the power supply (here, 3V3). The purpose of the pull-up resistors is to pull the SCL and SDA lines high to the power supply voltage when the bus is idle, ensuring the bus is in a stable high-level state for normal communication.

[0128] DC1_SCL and DC1_SDA: "DC1" is the designation of the circuit module or system, while "SCL" and "SDA," as mentioned earlier, represent the serial clock line and serial data line, respectively. These two signals are used to connect the chip to the I²C bus for communication with other I²C devices.

[0129] Overall, this circuit enables a chip with an I²C interface to connect to an external I²C bus. Data and clock signals are transmitted through the SCL and SDA pins. A 3V3 power supply provides the operating voltage for the chip, and pull-up resistors ensure the normal operating level of the I²C bus.

[0130] The control implementation process is as follows: Initialization: After the system is powered on, the microcontroller or other master control device connected to the pressure detection circuit first initializes the I²C bus. This includes setting the I²C communication rate and configuring the relevant pin modes.

[0131] Address transmission: The master control device (such as a microcontroller) sends its device address to the pressure sensor chip via the I²C's SDA line. Each I²C device has a unique address, which the master control device uses to select the device to communicate with. After receiving its address, the pressure sensor chip responds, informing the master control device that it is ready to receive or send data.

[0132] Data Reading: The master control device sends a read command, and the pressure sensor chip, based on the command, transmits the data from the detected pressure signal to the master control device via the SDA line. Internally, the pressure sensor converts the detected pressure value into a corresponding voltage value, performs internal calibration and processing, and then sends the processed data out in digital form via the I²C bus.

[0133] Data Processing: After receiving the data, the main control device converts the received digital signal into the actual gas pressure value according to the conversion formula or calibration parameters provided in the pressure sensor chip's datasheet. For example, it is a linear conversion relationship, and the actual pressure value is calculated using the formula P=k×V+b (where P is the pressure value, V is the digital quantity corresponding to the voltage output by the sensor, and k and b are calibration coefficients).

[0134] Multi-sensor processing: Since there is a pressure sensor at both the front and back ends of the system, the main control device needs to communicate with these two sensors separately. By sending different device addresses, the main control device can sequentially read the data from the front and back end pressure sensors, thereby obtaining the gas pressure values ​​at different locations in the system for subsequent pressure monitoring, control, or protection operations.

[0135] 4. Oxygen concentration detection and calculation Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the oxygen concentration detection and calculation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 In the middle, the sensor part P5 Oxygen Concentration Sensor: "P5" is the circuit designation or interface identifier for this oxygen concentration sensor. An "oxygen concentration sensor" is a device used to detect the oxygen concentration in the environment; it converts the oxygen concentration signal into an electrical signal output.

[0136] Vsensor+: "V" stands for Voltage, "sensor" indicates the sensor, and "+" indicates the positive terminal. This is the positive voltage output pin of the oxygen concentration sensor, and the output electrical signal is related to the detected oxygen concentration.

[0137] Power supply and grounding section 3V3: This indicates a power supply voltage of 3.3 volts, which provides operating power to some components in the circuit.

[0138] GND is an abbreviation for "Ground," providing a zero-potential reference point for the circuit. This ensures the stability of the potential at each point in the circuit and is fundamental for its normal operation. The diagram shows multiple GND connection points to ensure proper grounding of all parts of the circuit.

[0139] Operational amplifier section Operational amplifier symbol (triangle in the image): An operational amplifier is a direct-coupled amplifier with high amplification, used for amplifying and processing input signals.

[0140] Pin 1 (OUT): "OUT" is short for "Output". This pin is the output terminal of the operational amplifier, which outputs the amplified or processed signal.

[0141] Pin 2: Inverting input of the operational amplifier. When a signal is input from this pin, the output signal is out of phase with the input signal.

[0142] Pin 3: Non-inverting input of the operational amplifier. When a signal is input from this pin, the output signal is in phase with the input signal.

[0143] Pin 4: This is usually the negative power supply pin of the operational amplifier (the negative power supply is not connected in the figure, and a single power supply is used). In some operational amplifiers with dual power supplies, this pin is connected to a negative voltage.

[0144] Other components and connecting parts Capacitors (symbolized by two parallel lines in the diagram): Capacitors serve functions such as storing charge and filtering. Connecting a capacitor to a power supply line (3V3) is typically to filter out high-frequency noise in the power supply, making the power supply more stable.

[0145] ADC_O2: "ADC" is an abbreviation for "Analog-to-Digital Converter"; "O2" represents oxygen. This identifier indicates that this signal (operational amplifier output signal) will be connected to the analog-to-digital converter to convert the analog oxygen concentration signal into a digital signal for subsequent digital processing and analysis.

[0146] In general, this circuit detects oxygen concentration using an oxygen concentration sensor and outputs an electrical signal. After processing by an operational amplifier, the analog signal is transmitted to an analog-to-digital converter for digitization, so that the subsequent system can further analyze and control the oxygen concentration data.

[0147] The control implementation process is as follows: Signal Acquisition: The oxygen concentration sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the environment in real time and converts it into a voltage signal, which is output from the Vsensor+ pin. This voltage signal changes with the oxygen concentration.

[0148] Signal amplification: The voltage signal output by the sensor is input to the input terminal of the operational amplifier. The operational amplifier amplifies the input signal based on its internal circuit structure and feedback mechanism. By adjusting the amplification factor of the operational amplifier (usually set by external components such as resistors), the weak signal output by the sensor can be amplified to a suitable amplitude.

[0149] Signal filtering: The capacitors on the power supply and the capacitors at the operational amplifier output work together to filter the signal. The power supply capacitors filter out power supply noise, ensuring the operational amplifier and sensor's operational stability; the output capacitors further smooth the amplified signal, removing high-frequency interference components and making the signal cleaner.

[0150] Analog-to-digital conversion: The amplified and filtered analog voltage signal is input to the input channel of the ADC (connected to the ADC O2 pin in the diagram). The ADC samples the input analog signal at a preset sampling frequency and converts the voltage value of each sample point into the corresponding digital quantity.

[0151] Concentration Calculation: The microcontroller or other control device reads the digital value converted by the ADC. Based on the oxygen concentration sensor's characteristic curve or pre-calibrated data, the digital value is converted into the actual oxygen concentration value. For example, the digital value output by the ADC is mapped to the corresponding oxygen concentration value using a lookup table or a specific calculation formula.

[0152] 5. Semiconductor control circuit Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the semiconductor control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7In the middle, the driver chip section PWMA (Pin 1): "PWM" is an abbreviation for "Pulse Width Modulation"; "A" is an identifier used to distinguish different channels or functions. This pin is used to receive pulse width modulation signals, and controls parameters such as the output power of subsequent circuits by adjusting the pulse width.

[0153] IRSD (pin 2): This is a function-specific input pin. The specific meaning needs to be referred to the chip datasheet. It is used for input of certain control signals, such as enable signals, direction control signals, etc.

[0154] GND (marked next to pin 3, and there are multiple GND connections): an abbreviation for "Ground", which provides a zero potential reference point for the circuit, ensuring the stability of the potential at each point in the circuit, and is the basis for the normal operation of the circuit.

[0155] COM (pin 3): Abbreviation for "Common", usually indicating the common terminal, which serves as a common connection point for multiple signals or power supplies in a circuit.

[0156] LO (pin 4): This is the low-side output pin, used to output control signals to low-side power devices.

[0157] VCC (pin 5): "Voltage Component Circuit" or commonly understood as the power supply voltage pin, which provides the operating voltage for the internal circuitry of the chip. In the diagram, it is connected to V12, indicating a 12V power supply.

[0158] VS (pin 6): This is a pin associated with the power supply or a specific voltage. Its specific function depends on the chip and is used for voltage detection or as a reference voltage for some internal circuits.

[0159] HO (pin 7): is the high-side output pin, used to output control signals to the high-side power device.

[0160] VB (pin 8): This is the bootstrap power pin, used in some driver chips to provide a floating power supply for the drive circuitry of high-side power devices.

[0161] Power supply section V12: Indicates a 12-volt power supply voltage, which provides operating power for the driver chip and other related circuits.

[0162] V24: Indicates a 24-volt power supply voltage, which provides operating power for subsequent loads such as semiconductor components (SEMI).

[0163] capacitor section C86 (100nF): "C" stands for Capacitor, "86" is the capacitor's part number, and "100nF" indicates that the capacitor's capacitance is 100 nanofarads. This capacitor is connected between VCC (V12) and GND, and typically functions as a power supply filter, removing high-frequency noise from the power supply to ensure a stable power supply for the chip.

[0164] C87 (1nF) and C89 (NC): In "C87", "C" stands for capacitor, "87" is the part number, and "1nF" indicates that the capacitance is 1 nanofarad; in "C89", "NC" is an abbreviation for "Not Connected", indicating that the capacitor is not connected and is either reserved or installed depending on actual needs.

[0165] Semiconductor component section SEMI is an abbreviation for "Semiconductor". It appears twice in the figure, which are power devices such as power transistors and MOSFETs, used to control the switching on and off of the V24 power supply or power output according to the output signal of the driver chip.

[0166] Diode section The diode symbol in the diagram: Diodes have unidirectional conductivity and play a role in circuits such as protection, rectification, and voltage regulation. For example, in a bootstrap circuit, a diode is used to prevent reverse current flow and ensure the normal charging of the bootstrap capacitor.

[0167] Overall, this circuit is a power drive circuit. The driver chip receives control signals (such as PWMA), processes them internally, and controls the conduction and cutoff of semiconductor components through high-side and low-side output pins (HO, LO), thereby achieving power control of the load (related to SEMI). The power supply section provides the appropriate voltage for the circuit, capacitors play a filtering role, and diodes are used for circuit protection and other functions.

[0168] The control implementation process is as follows: PWM signal input: An external controller (such as a microcontroller) generates a PWM signal with a certain frequency and duty cycle, and inputs it to the PWMA pin of the control chip. The duty cycle of the PWM signal determines the average power output by the chip.

[0169] Internal chip processing: The control chip processes the input PWM signal and the status of other pins (such as feedback information provided by IRSD) through internal logic and drive circuits. The chip adjusts the on-time and current magnitude of the high-side (HO) and low-side (LO) outputs according to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.

[0170] Driving the thermoelectric cooler: The signals output from the HO and LO pins of the chip drive the thermoelectric cooler. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the average operating current of the thermoelectric cooler can be changed, thereby controlling the intensity of its cooling or heating. For example, when the duty cycle increases, the average operating current of the thermoelectric cooler increases, and the cooling or heating effect is enhanced; conversely, when the duty cycle decreases, the effect is weakened.

[0171] Protection and Stabilization: Components such as capacitors and diodes play a protective and stabilizing role in circuits. Capacitors filter out power supply noise and high-frequency interference in signals, ensuring the stable operation of chips and thermoelectric coolers; diodes prevent damage to circuit components from reverse electromotive force, improving circuit reliability.

[0172] Through the above steps, the semiconductor control circuit can accurately control the working state of the semiconductor cooling chip according to the external control signal, and realize the adjustment and control of related parameters such as temperature.

[0173] This application compensates for the need for preheating for each run by presetting parameters based on the time difference between the last run and the current run, and adjusting parameters through feedback from the oxygen concentration sensor. It also compensates for the shortness of breath experienced by some users by using a pressurized auxiliary airbag to increase airflow during inhalation. The application increases the accuracy of oxygen monitoring by enabling timed calibration of dual oxygen concentration sensors during training without stopping the machine. Finally, it achieves more comprehensive and accurate vital sign monitoring and feedback by adding brain oxygen and muscle oxygen monitoring modules in conjunction with finger oxygen monitoring.

[0174] This application recommends preset parameters based on runtime and updates these preset parameters based on oxygen concentration feedback; it reduces inspiratory resistance for users with breathing difficulties by monitoring respiration, boosting inhalation, and storing exhaled air; and it increases the accuracy of data acquisition and output by enabling continuous calibration of the oxygen concentration sensor during training through timed switching of dual oxygen sensors.

[0175] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a control device for high and low oxygen equipment corresponding to the control of high and low oxygen equipment. Since the principle of the device in this application is similar to the control method of high and low oxygen equipment described above in this application, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0176] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control device for the high and low oxygen equipment provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the control device 800 of the high and low oxygen equipment includes: The actual downtime calculation module 801 is used to read the last downtime of the high and low oxygen equipment when the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, and to calculate the actual downtime. The first opening parameter determination module 802 is used to determine the first opening parameter of the proportional valve in the high and low oxygen equipment according to the actual downtime. The proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high oxygen gas and low oxygen gas by adjusting the opening. The first opening parameter is the opening of the proportional valve. The second opening parameter generation module 803 is used to perform offset correction on the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error, and generate the second opening parameter so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value. Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a processor 310, a memory 320, and a bus 330.

[0177] The memory 320 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 310. When the electronic device 300 is running, the processor 310 and the memory 320 communicate via the bus 330. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 310, they can perform the operations described above. Figure 1 The steps of the control method for the high and low oxygen equipment in the method embodiment shown are described in detail in the method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0178] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can perform the above-described actions. Figure 1 The steps of the control method for the high and low oxygen equipment in the method embodiment shown are described in detail in the method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0179] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0180] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0181] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0182] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0183] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0184] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for high and low oxygen equipment, characterized in that, include: When the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, the last shutdown time of the high and low oxygen equipment is read, and the actual shutdown time is calculated. Based on the actual downtime, the first opening parameter of the proportional valve in the high and low oxygen equipment is determined. The proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high oxygen gas and low oxygen gas by adjusting the opening. The first opening parameter is the opening of the proportional valve. Based on the target oxygen concentration and the error in the oxygen concentration feedback value, the first opening parameter is offset and corrected to generate a second opening parameter, so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor are turned on, and air is connected to calibrate the first oxygen concentration sensor and the second oxygen concentration sensor. When the high and low oxygen equipment is running, the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested and obtain the first detection data, while the second oxygen concentration sensor is not working. When the first oxygen concentration sensor has been running for a preset time, the second oxygen concentration sensor is connected to the air to recalibrate the second oxygen concentration sensor. The second oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to detect the oxygen concentration of the gas to be tested, and the second detection data is obtained; Compare the first detection data from the first oxygen concentration sensor with the second detection data from the second oxygen concentration sensor; When the error between the first detection data and the second detection data exceeds the threshold, the detection data of the second oxygen concentration sensor is used as the detection value, and the first oxygen concentration sensor is controlled to connect to air for recalibration.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second opening parameter is determined in the following manner: Acquire real-time values ​​from the oxygen concentration sensor; Based on the difference between the real-time acquired value and the target oxygen concentration, the oxygen concentration feedback value error is calculated; When the oxygen concentration feedback value error is greater than the target threshold, the second opening parameter is calculated, and the opening of the proportional valve is modified from the first opening parameter to the second opening parameter.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The operating temperature data of the proportional valve is obtained in real time through a temperature sensor. Based on the operating temperature data, determine the duty cycle of the proportional valve control voltage; Based on the duty cycle, the drive signal of the proportional valve is adjusted by pulse width modulation to compensate for the current attenuation caused by the heating of the proportional valve. The semiconductor cooling chip is used to cool the proportional valve.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The user's breathing signals are collected in real time by a respiratory rate sensor to identify the user's breathing status. When the user's breathing state is detected as inhalation, the pressurization device of the pressurized auxiliary airbag is activated to increase the output gas flow rate; When the user's breathing state is detected as exhalation, the control air pump synchronously replenishes air to the main airbag and the pressurized auxiliary airbag to store the gas required for the next cycle.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire vital signs data, which include real-time blood oxygenation values ​​from the finger pulse oxygenation monitoring module, brain tissue oxygenation data from the brain oxygenation monitoring module, and muscle oxygenation data from the muscle oxygenation monitoring module. When any vital sign data falls below the preset protection threshold, the high and low oxygen separation device is switched to high oxygen output mode to perform oxygen injection protection.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before being output, the gas is purified by a virus filter, which is located at the end of the airway between the pressurized auxiliary airbag and the breathing mask.

8. A control device for high and low oxygen equipment, characterized in that, include: The actual downtime calculation module is used to read the last downtime of the high and low oxygen equipment when the high and low oxygen equipment is turned on, and to calculate the actual downtime. The first opening parameter determination module is used to determine the first opening parameter of the proportional valve in the high and low oxygen equipment based on the actual downtime. The proportional valve is used to control the flow distribution ratio of high oxygen gas and low oxygen gas by adjusting the opening. The first opening parameter is the opening of the proportional valve. The second opening parameter generation module is used to offset and correct the first opening parameter based on the target oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration feedback value error, and generate the second opening parameter so that the output oxygen concentration is at the target value.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a processor, a memory, and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is in operation, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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