Device and process for extracting and purifying morchella polysaccharide

Abstract

The invention discloses a morchella polysaccharide extraction and purification device and process, and relates to the technical field of polysaccharide preparation, the morchella polysaccharide extraction and purification device comprises a supporting seat, the interior of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, and the upper part of the supporting seat is provided with a pretreatment mechanism for crushing a morchella raw material; an extraction mechanism used for extracting morchella polysaccharide is arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate, a purification tank used for achieving triple filtration is fixedly connected to the interior of the supporting seat, and a liquid discharging pipe used for extracting filtered supernate penetrates through and is fixedly connected to and communicates with the bottom surface of the purification tank; a dialysis box fixedly connected with the bottom face of the supporting base is fixedly connected and communicated with the side, away from the purification tank, of the liquid discharging pipe, reciprocating rolling extrusion is conducted in the roller crushing box, so that a three-dimensional grinding path is formed, and during stirring, the reciprocating lead screw rotates to drive the material pushing cylinder to reciprocate in the rollers, so that the grinding efficiency is improved, and the grinding efficiency is improved. Therefore, a small amount of dry ice is fed into the roller for multiple times, the crushing environment temperature is stabilized below-10 DEG C, and polysaccharide degradation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of polysaccharide preparation technology, and in particular to an apparatus and process for the extraction and purification of morel polysaccharides. Background Technology

[0002] Morel mushrooms, also known as sheep's stomach mushrooms, belong to the class Discomycetes, order Discomycetes, family Morchilliaceae, and genus Morchella. They are one of the world's most precious and rare edible fungi.

[0003] Morel mushrooms are a world-renowned and rare edible and medicinal fungus, known for their unique aroma, rich nutrition, comprehensive functions, and significant health benefits. They are rich in various amino acids and organic germanium essential for the human body. Polysaccharides, one of their main bioactive components, possess antioxidant, immune-enhancing, and anti-tumor biological activities. Therefore, efficient extraction of polysaccharides while maintaining their excellent biological activity is a crucial prerequisite for fully utilizing morel mushroom polysaccharides. The activity of polysaccharides is influenced by their structure, and the structure of the extracted polysaccharides varies depending on the extraction method.

[0004] In existing technologies, when crushing the cleaned morel mushroom raw materials, blade-type pulverizers are usually used. Blade pulverization easily generates local high temperatures (>70°C), which leads to the degradation of morel mushroom polysaccharides. Traditional morel mushroom polysaccharide extraction methods mostly use hot water extraction, with water as the medium. This method has drawbacks such as being time-consuming, having high energy consumption, being prone to loss of active components, and having low yield. Moreover, it has low work efficiency, poor polysaccharide extraction effect, and low extraction volume, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issues of localized high temperatures generated during blade crushing and low efficiency of hot water extraction, this application provides an apparatus and process for the extraction and purification of morel polysaccharides.

[0006] The apparatus and process for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides provided in this application adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] An extraction and purification device for morel polysaccharides includes a support base, a support plate fixedly connected inside the support base, a pretreatment mechanism for crushing morel raw materials provided on the upper part of the support base, and an extraction mechanism for extracting morel polysaccharides provided on the top surface of the support plate.

[0008] The pretreatment mechanism includes a crushing box for placing morel mushroom raw materials. The crushing box is equipped with rollers for rolling and grinding the morel mushroom raw materials. The outer surface of the rollers is linearly arrayed with protrusions for crushing the morel mushroom raw materials.

[0009] The extraction mechanism includes a storage box for storing CO2 released by dry ice. The top surface of the storage box is fixedly connected to and communicates with an air inlet pipe for extracting CO2 from the inside of the crushing box, which is also fixedly connected to and communicates with the top surface of the crushing box. The top surface of the support plate is fixedly connected to an extraction box for extracting morel polysaccharides. The top surface of the extraction box is fixedly connected to and communicates with a supernatant extraction pipe for extracting the supernatant from the extraction box.

[0010] The supernatant extraction tube is fixedly connected to and connected to a purification tank for triple filtration on the side away from the extraction box and fixedly connected to the side of the support base. The bottom surface of the purification tank is fixedly connected to and connected to a drain pipe for extracting the filtered supernatant. The side of the drain pipe away from the purification tank is fixedly connected to and connected to a dialysis box fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support base.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the support base and support plate provide a stable foundation and structural frame for the entire device, ensuring the stability and safety of each mechanism during operation. The pretreatment mechanism is used to crush the morel mushroom raw material, and the rollers are used to crush the morel mushroom raw material. The protrusions are conical to concentrate stress and improve the cell wall breakage rate of the stipe. The extraction mechanism is used to extract morel mushroom polysaccharides. The storage tank is specifically used to store the supercritical CO2 fluid released from dry ice, providing a stable and sufficient source of extraction solvent for the extraction process. The air inlet pipe is used to connect the crushing chamber and the storage tank, removing any CO2 that may be present in the crushing chamber. The extraction chamber is the core container for supercritical CO2 extraction of morel mushroom polysaccharides, providing a suitable pressure and temperature environment so that the CO2 reacts with the crushed morel mushroom raw material. The raw materials are fully contacted to dissolve and extract the target polysaccharide component. The supernatant extraction tube is used to extract the supernatant rich in morel polysaccharides from the extraction tank and transport it to the subsequent purification process. The purification tank is used to perform multi-stage filtration on the supernatant to gradually remove solid impurities, macromolecular impurities, microorganisms, etc. from the extract, achieving preliminary purification. The drain pipe is connected to the bottom outlet of the purification tank to transport the relatively pure morel polysaccharide solution after triple filtration to the next processing unit. The dialysis tank serves as the final purification unit. Utilizing the principle of dialysis (semi-permeable membrane), it further removes residual small molecule impurities (such as inorganic salts, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, etc.) from the filtrate or performs decolorization and small molecule removal to obtain a more pure morel polysaccharide solution, preparing for subsequent concentration and drying.

[0012] Preferably, the pretreatment mechanism further includes a protective frame 1 fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base. A fixing block is symmetrically fixedly connected inside the protective frame 1. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected through the interior of the protective frame 1 and the fixing block. A push block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. An auxiliary block 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the support base near the protective frame 1. A motor 1 is fixedly connected inside the auxiliary block 2. The output end of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective frame 1 is used to protect the bevel gear set 1 and bevel gear set 3 inside, so as to prevent debris from affecting the rotation of the bevel gear set 1 and bevel gear set 3. The fixing block is used to further support the rotating shaft and ensure its stable rotation. The rotating shaft is used to drive the bevel gear set 1 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the roller. The push block is used to push the auxiliary block 3 to move. The motor 1 is used as the driving source to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, a bevel gear set 1, which is rotatably connected to the fixed block, is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft near the auxiliary block 2. A rotating column 1 is fixedly connected to the side of the bevel gear set 1 away from the fixed block. A limit plate 1 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column 1. A fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed block. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. An auxiliary frame, which is slidably connected to the crushing box, is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod away from the fixed cylinder. A return spring is fixedly connected between the fixed block and the auxiliary frame.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the bevel gear set 1 and the rotating column 1 are used to transmit the motor power to the crushing roller, realize the conversion of the power direction (horizontal to vertical), simplify the transmission structure, reduce energy loss, and the auxiliary frame and the return spring cooperate with the sliding rod and the fixed cylinder to make the crushing box vibrate slightly during the crushing process. With the elastic reset of the return spring, the material is prevented from getting stuck, the crushing efficiency is improved and the equipment life is extended.

[0016] Preferably, an auxiliary block three is fixedly connected to the top surface of the auxiliary frame, the roller is rotatably connected inside the auxiliary frame, a bevel gear set two is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column one, a protective frame two is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary frame near the auxiliary block two and slidably connected to the side of the crushing box, the side of the bevel gear set two away from the rotating column one is rotatably connected through the inside of the protective frame two and fixedly connected to the roller, a rectangular groove is opened on the outer surface of the roller, and several discharge holes are opened on the outer surface of the roller.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the second protective frame is used to protect the gear transmission structure of the bevel gear set two, preventing dust from entering and causing wear. At the same time, it supports the rotation of the roller and ensures stable power transmission. The rectangular groove helps to temporarily accommodate some material, prevents the material from slipping on the roller surface, increases the contact friction and residence time between the material and the roller, and improves the crushing effect. The discharge hole is used to allow the crushed material that has reached a certain fineness to be discharged from the roller area in time, preventing over-crushing or blockage, and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the crushing process.

[0018] Preferably, a bevel gear set three is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft away from the auxiliary block two, a rotating column two is fixedly connected to the side of the bevel gear set three away from the rotating shaft, a limit plate two is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two, a bevel gear set four is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two, a hopper is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary frame near the bevel gear set three, a feed pipe is fixedly and slidably connected to the top surface of the hopper and penetrates through the top surface of the hopper, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hopper, an abutment plate is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate, a pusher cylinder is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the hopper and penetrates through the bottom surface of the hopper, the pusher cylinder is slidably connected to the inside of the roller, and the pusher cylinder is slidably connected to the top surface of the abutment plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the bevel gear set three and the rotating column two are used to transmit the power of the rotating shaft to the pushing mechanism, so as to realize the synchronous control of crushing and feeding, avoid idling or overload, the hopper is used to store dry ice and quantitatively feed it through the feeding pipe, the pushing cylinder slides back and forth inside the roller, and feeds dry ice into the inside of the roller in small amounts and multiple times, so that the crushing environment temperature is stabilized below -10℃, avoiding polysaccharide degradation.

[0020] Preferably, a protective frame three is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate near the abutting plate, and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two. A limiting plate three is symmetrically fixedly connected inside the protective frame three. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the limiting plate three. A nut is slidably connected to the outer surface of the reciprocating screw. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the nut, and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the protective frame three and fixedly connected to the pushing cylinder. The side of the reciprocating screw near the rotating column two is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set four.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating screw and nut are driven by a bevel gear set to convert the rotary motion into the linear reciprocating motion of the pushing cylinder, realizing the "pushing-resetting" cycle, ensuring that the material enters the crushing box evenly and avoiding local accumulation. The connecting rod rigidly connects the pushing cylinder and the nut to ensure the synchronization of motion and improve the pushing accuracy and stability.

[0022] Preferably, the extraction mechanism further includes a protective frame four fixedly connected to one side of the storage box, a protective frame five fixedly connected to the side of the protective frame four away from the extraction box, a motor two fixedly connected inside the protective frame five, the output shaft of the motor two rotatably connected through the protective frame four and fixedly connected to an irregular gear one, and an irregular gear two meshing with the irregular gear one is rotatably connected inside the protective frame four.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective frame encloses the transmission components to prevent leakage of extract or CO2 and ensure operational safety. Irregular gear one and irregular gear two mesh with each other and are driven by a motor. Their "irregular" tooth design can convert the uniform rotation of the motor into non-uniform, variable rotational motion output, providing varying power for stirring.

[0024] Preferably, a disc is fixedly connected to one side of the irregular gear two and rotatably connected to the side of the extraction box near the protective frame four. An internal gear ring is rotatably connected inside the protective frame four. A stirring rod is symmetrically rotatably connected inside the disc. An auxiliary gear that meshes with the internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the side of the stirring rod near the internal gear ring.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the disc is fixedly connected to the irregular gear II and rotates at a non-uniform speed, serving as the base for driving the internal stirring rod. The rotation of the disc drives the stirring rod to revolve around the sun, while the internal gear ring meshes with the auxiliary gear to drive the stirring rod to rotate on its own axis, forming a "planetary stirring" effect. This enhances the contact area between the extract and the material, accelerates the dissolution of polysaccharides, and the symmetrical distribution of multiple stirring rods, combined with the revolution and rotation, generates a turbulent effect, improving mass transfer efficiency and shortening the extraction time.

[0026] Preferably, an isolation plate is fixedly connected to the side of the extraction box away from the disc, and several ventilation holes are opened at the bottom of the isolation plate. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the extraction box on the side of the storage box near the extraction box.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the isolation plate is used to divide the extraction box into upper and lower areas. The vent allows CO2 gas to pass through but blocks the liquid, maintaining the CO2 concentration in the extraction box and preventing the liquid from flowing back into the storage box. The storage box is used to store the CO2 released by dry ice. A circulation system is formed through the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe. The supercritical extraction characteristics of CO2 (high solubility and low surface tension) are utilized to efficiently extract polysaccharides while reducing solvent consumption.

[0028] The extraction and purification process of morel polysaccharides is characterized by,

[0029] The extraction of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Open the crushing box and put the washed morel mushroom raw materials into the crushing box. Then close the crushing box and put dry ice into the pushing cylinder through the hopper. The reciprocating screw drives the connecting rod and the pushing cylinder to move back and forth inside the roller to put the dry ice into the roller. When the roller rotates, the dry ice is thrown out through the discharge hole. This is how dry ice is added when crushing morel mushrooms.

[0031] Step 2: A large amount of CO2 will be generated when crushing morel mushrooms and dry ice. The CO2 will be drawn into the storage tank through the air inlet pipe for collection.

[0032] Step 3: After the morel mushrooms are crushed, the baffle is manually removed so that the discharge port is not blocked, and the crushed morel mushroom powder falls into the extraction box. The extraction box is filled with a eutectic solvent and is eccentrically stirred by a stirring rod. During stirring, CO2 collected in the storage box is injected into the extraction box.

[0033] Step 4: The supernatant obtained is an extract of morel polysaccharides;

[0034] The purification of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Inject the extracted supernatant into the purification tank through the supernatant extraction tube for membrane fractionation purification;

[0036] Step 2: The purified solution is loaded into the dialysis tank through the drain tube → Dialyzed in CO2-saturated running water for 24 hours → Dialyzed in ultrapure water for 12 hours and then freeze-dried to obtain morel polysaccharide.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the pusher block to rotate, thereby pushing the auxiliary block three to move the roller towards the bottom of the crushing box. The rotating shaft drives the roller to rotate through bevel gear set one and bevel gear set two, so that the roller keeps rotating while moving. This process performs reciprocating extrusion and rolling grinding on the morel mushroom raw material to form a three-dimensional grinding path. Compared with traditional fixed blade crushing, the three-dimensional motion subjectes the material to multiple actions of shearing, extrusion and grinding. In addition, the outer surface of the roller is fixed with conical protrusions to form a wedge-shaped shearing surface, which significantly improves the shearing stress compared with traditional blades. Furthermore, the rectangular grooves opened on the roller surface allow the formation of a CO2 air cushion layer, reducing material adhesion.

[0039] 2. The reciprocating screw rotation drives the feeding cylinder to move back and forth inside the roller, thereby feeding dry ice into the roller in small amounts multiple times. Since the local temperature is often >70℃ during traditional grinding processes, adding dry ice during grinding can sublimate and absorb heat, keeping the crushing environment temperature stable below -10℃, thus preventing polysaccharide degradation. The cost of dry ice is only 1 / 5 of that of liquid nitrogen, making it low-cost and eliminating the need for complex storage equipment. The dry ice explosion generates instantaneous shock waves, which help break down cell walls and increase the polysaccharide release rate.

[0040] 3. The CO2 released from dry ice can be collected through the storage box and air inlet pipe. Then, the collected CO2 is released into the extraction box through the ventilation holes at the bottom of the isolation plate via the exhaust pipe. The extraction box contains morel powder and choline chloride / oxalic acid (2:1) DES solvent. CO2 acts as an inert gas to replace traditional nitrogen, forming a protective atmosphere to prevent polysaccharide oxidation and degradation. The injection of CO2 into the extraction box will generate bubbles, forming uniform turbulence. The bursting of the bubbles will generate local negative pressure, which will accelerate the release of polysaccharides and thus shorten the extraction time.

[0041] 4. The stirring rod is designed to rotate eccentrically and rotate on its own axis simultaneously within the extraction chamber. The eccentric rotation causes the rotation center of the stirring rod to deviate from the center of the container, inducing fluid chaos and eliminating the mixing isolation zone in the laminar flow state. The centrifugal force of the rotation and eccentric rotation combine to form a complex fluid trajectory, further improving the mixing uniformity. Through the eccentric rotation design, the mixing time can be shortened and the production efficiency can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protection frame of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing chamber in this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the third protection frame in this application;

[0046] Figure 5 For the purposes of this application Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the pusher cylinder in this application;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extraction box in this application;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary gear connection structure in this application.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1. Support base; 2. Support plate;

[0051] 31. Protective frame one; 32. Fixing block; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Push block; 35. Auxiliary block two; 36. Motor one; 37. Bevel gear set one; 38. Rotating column one; 39. Limiting plate one; 310. Auxiliary frame;

[0052] 311. Fixed cylinder; 312. Sliding rod; 313. Return spring; 314. Auxiliary block three; 315. Crushing box; 316. Roller; 317. Protrusion; 318. Rectangular groove; 319. Discharge hole; 320. Discharge port;

[0053] 321. Baffle; 322. Protective frame two; 323. Bevel gear set two; 324. Bevel gear set three; 325. Rotating column two; 326. Limiting plate two; 327. Connecting plate; 328. Hopper; 329. Feed pipe;

[0054] 330. Pushing cylinder; 331. Protective frame three; 332. Bevel gear set four; 333. Reciprocating lead screw; 334. Limiting plate three; 335. Nut; 336. Connecting rod; 337. Abutment plate;

[0055] 41. Extraction box; 42. Protective frame four; 43. Protective frame five; 44. Motor two; 45. Irregular gear one; 46. Irregular gear two; 47. Disc; 48. Internal gear ring; 49. Auxiliary gear;

[0056] 410. Stirring rod; 411. Isolation plate; 412. Vent hole; 413. Storage tank; 414. Air inlet pipe; 415. Exhaust pipe; 416. Supernatant extraction pipe;

[0057] 5. Purification tank; 6. Drain pipe; 7. Dialysis box. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This application discloses an apparatus and process for the extraction and purification of morel polysaccharides.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2An extraction and purification device for morel polysaccharides includes a support base 1, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a support plate 2. A pretreatment mechanism is provided on the upper part of the support base 1. The pretreatment mechanism includes a protective frame 31 fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base 1. The inner wall of the protective frame 31 is fixedly connected to two fixing blocks 32, and the positions of the two fixing blocks 32 are symmetrical. The inner walls of the protective frame 31 and the fixing blocks 32 are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 33. The outer surface of the middle part of the rotating shaft 33 is connected to a push block 34. The contact surface between the push block 34 and the auxiliary block 314 is arc-shaped, which facilitates the movement of the auxiliary block 314. One side of the support base 1 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary block 2 35. The auxiliary block 2 35 is located on the side close to the protective frame 1 31. The inner wall of the auxiliary block 2 35 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the motor 1 36. The output end of the motor 1 36 passes through the protective frame 1 31, the auxiliary block 2 35 and is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 33. The outer surface of the auxiliary block 2 35 is provided with a ventilation hole to facilitate the heat dissipation of the motor 1 36.

[0062] In use, the rotating shaft 33 is driven to rotate by the motor 36, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 33 drives the push block 34, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33, to rotate.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 One end of the rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 37. The bevel gear set 37 is located at the end near the auxiliary block 35 and is rotatably connected to one side of the fixed block 32. One side of the bevel gear set 37 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 38. The rotating column 38 is located on the side away from the fixed block 32. The outer surface of the rotating column 38 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 39. The limiting plate 39 is used to drive the bevel gear set 323 to rotate. One side of the bevel gear set 323 is fixedly connected to the roller 316. The roller 316 is located on the side away from the rotating column 38 and is rotatably connected through the protective frame 322 and the auxiliary frame 310. The outer surface of the roller 316 is provided with a rectangular groove 318 and a number of discharge holes 319. The outer surface of the roller 316 is linearly arrayed with protrusions 317 for crushing morel mushroom raw materials.

[0064] In use, the rotation of the rotating shaft 33 drives the rotation of the bevel gear set 37 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33. The rotation of the bevel gear set 37 drives the rotation of the rotating column 38 fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 37. The rotation of the rotating column 38 drives the rotation of the limiting plate 39 fixedly connected to the rotating column 38. The rotation of the rotating column 38 and the limiting plate 39 drives the rotation of the bevel gear set 323 slidably connected to the rotating column 38. The rotation of the bevel gear set 323 drives the rotation of the roller 316 fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 323, thereby grinding the morel mushrooms in the crushing box 315.

[0065] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 A crushing box 315 is fixedly connected to the side of the support base 1. The bottom surfaces of the fixing blocks 32 are all fixedly connected to the fixing cylinder 311. The inner wall of the fixing cylinder 311 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 312. A limit groove is opened inside the fixing cylinder 311, and a limit ring is opened on the outer surface of the sliding rod 312. When the sliding rod 312 moves to the maximum limit, the limit ring is engaged inside the limit groove to prevent the sliding rod 312 from moving excessively. One side of the sliding rod 312 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary frame 310. The auxiliary frame 310 is located on the side away from the fixing cylinder 311, and the auxiliary frame 310 is slidably connected inside the crushing box 315. The crushing box 315 is used to hold morel mushroom raw materials. A return spring 313 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed block 32. The side of the return spring 313 away from the fixed block 32 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the auxiliary frame 310. The center of the top surface of the auxiliary frame 310 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary block 314. The auxiliary block 314 and the push block 34 are located on the same horizontal plane. The top surface of the auxiliary block 314 is also opened in an arc shape to facilitate contact with the push block 34. The roller 316 is rotatably connected inside the auxiliary frame 310. One side of the auxiliary frame 310 is fixedly connected to the second protective frame 322. The second protective frame 322 is slidably connected to one side of the crushing box 315. The second bevel gear set 323 is rotatably connected inside the second protective frame 322.

[0066] In use, as described above, the rotating shaft 33 is driven to rotate by the motor 36. The rotation of the rotating shaft 33 drives the push block 34, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33, to rotate. The rotation of the push block 34 pushes the auxiliary block 314 to move downward. The downward movement of the auxiliary block 314 drives the auxiliary frame 310 and roller 316, which are fixedly connected to the auxiliary block 314, to move downward together. This causes the sliding rod 312 to slide inside the fixed cylinder 311 and stretch the return spring 313. Thus, the roller 316 moves up and down and squeezes inside the crushing box 315. The roller 316 keeps rotating while moving to form a three-dimensional grinding path and improve the grinding efficiency of morel mushrooms.

[0067] Reference Figures 3-6One side of the rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 324. The bevel gear set 324 is located on the side away from the auxiliary block 35. One side of the bevel gear set 324 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 325. The rotating column 325 is located on the side away from the rotating shaft 33. The outer surface of the rotating column 325 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 326. The limiting plate 326 is used to drive the bevel gear set 4 332 to rotate. The outer surface of the rotating column 325 is slidably connected to the bevel gear set 4 332. One side of the auxiliary frame 310 is fixedly connected to the hopper 328. The hopper 328 is located on the side close to the bevel gear set 324, and the hopper 328 slides against one side of the crushing box 315. The top surface of the hopper 328 is fixedly connected to the feed pipe 329. The feed pipe 329 is slidably connected inside the protective frame 31. The bottom surface of the hopper 328 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 327. A stop plate 337 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 327. The stop plate 337 is arc-shaped and fits against the outer surface of the pusher cylinder 330. The bottom surface of the hopper 328 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 33. The pusher cylinder 330 is slidably connected to one side of the crushing box 315. The pusher cylinder 330 is slidably connected to the inside of the roller 316. When the pusher cylinder 330 reciprocates inside the roller 316, it will not cause dry ice to get stuck in the movement gap. The pusher cylinder 330 is slidably connected to the top surface of the stop plate 337. The inside of the pusher cylinder 330 is hollow and slots are opened on both the upper and lower sides of the pusher cylinder 330. The slot at the top of the pusher cylinder 330 is connected to the hopper 328. The slot at the bottom of the pusher cylinder 330 is blocked by the stop plate 337.

[0068] In use, the rotating shaft 33 rotates, driving the bevel gear set 324 to rotate. The rotation of the bevel gear set 324 drives the rotating column 325 and the limiting plate 326 to rotate, which in turn drives the bevel gear set 4 332 to rotate. When the pushing cylinder 330 moves inside the roller 316, the dry ice is gradually pushed into the inside of the roller 316 through the slot opened in the pushing cylinder 330.

[0069] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5One side of the connecting plate 327 is fixedly connected to the protective frame 331. The protective frame 331 is located on the side close to the abutment plate 337 and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column 2 325. The bevel gear set 4 332 is rotatably connected to the inside of the protective frame 331. The inner wall of the protective frame 331 is fixedly connected to the two limiting plates 334. The two limiting plates 334 are symmetrically positioned. The inside of the two limiting plates 334 is rotatably connected to the reciprocating screw 333. The outer surface of the reciprocating screw 333 is slidably connected to the nut 335. The nut 335 includes a ball and a reverser. The outer surface of the nut 335 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 336. The connecting rod 336 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the protective frame 331 and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pusher cylinder 330. One side of the reciprocating screw 333 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 4 332. The bevel gear set 4 332 is located on the side close to the rotating column 2 325.

[0070] In use, the rotation of the bevel gear set 4 332 drives the reciprocating screw 333, which is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 4 332, to rotate. The rotation of the reciprocating screw 333 drives the nut 335 to reciprocate. The reciprocating movement of the nut 335 drives the connecting rod 336 and the pusher cylinder 330, which are fixedly connected to the nut 335, to reciprocate together, thereby putting the dry ice in the pusher cylinder 330 into the inside of the roller 316.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 An extraction mechanism is provided on the top surface of the support plate 2. The extraction mechanism includes an extraction box 41 fixedly connected to the top surface of the support plate 2. The extraction box 41 is used to extract morel polysaccharides. The interior of the extraction box 41 is filled with a eutectic solvent. A storage box 413 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support plate 2. The storage box 413 is used to store CO2 released by dry ice. The top surface of the storage box 413 is fixedly connected to and communicates with an air inlet pipe 414. The air inlet pipe 414 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the top surface of the crushing box 315. The air inlet pipe 414 is used to extract CO2 from the inside of the crushing box 315. One side of the top surface of the extraction box 41 is connected to the supernatant extraction... The tube 416 is fixedly connected and communicates through the extraction tank 41. The supernatant extraction tube 416 is used to extract the supernatant in the extraction tank 41. One side of the supernatant extraction tube 416 is fixedly connected and communicates with the purification tank 5. The purification tank 5 is located on the side away from the extraction tank 41, and the purification tank 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the support base 1. The purification tank 5 is used to achieve triple filtration. The bottom surface of the purification tank 5 is fixedly connected and communicates through the drain pipe 6. The drain pipe 6 is used to extract the filtered supernatant. One side of the drain pipe 6 is fixedly connected and communicates with the dialysis box 7. The dialysis box 7 is located on the side away from the purification tank 5, and the dialysis box 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support base 1.

[0072] During use, CO2 in the crushing chamber 315 is drawn into the storage chamber 413 through the air inlet pipe 414 for collection. When extracting morel polysaccharides in the extraction chamber 41, CO2 in the storage chamber 413 is injected into the extraction chamber 41 through the exhaust pipe 415 as an inert gas to replace traditional nitrogen, forming a protective atmosphere to prevent polysaccharide oxidation and degradation. Subsequently, the extracted supernatant is injected into the purification tank 5 through the supernatant extraction pipe 416 for membrane fractionation purification. The purified solution is then loaded into the dialysis tank 7 through the drain pipe 6.

[0073] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 One side of the extraction box 41 is fixedly connected to the protective frame 42, which is located away from the storage box 413. One side of the protective frame 42 is fixedly connected to the protective frame 43, which is located away from the extraction box 41. The inner wall of the protective frame 43 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the motor 44. The output shaft of the motor 44 is fixedly connected to the irregular gear 45. The output shaft of the motor 44 is rotatably connected inside the protective frame 42. The interior of the protective frame 42 is rotatably connected to the irregular gear 46. Furthermore, irregular gear 2 46 meshes with irregular gear 1 45. Both irregular gear 2 46 and irregular gear 1 45 are composed of large convex teeth and small convex teeth. The large convex teeth of irregular gear 2 46 mesh with the small convex teeth of irregular gear 1 45. The large convex teeth of irregular gear 2 46 and the small convex teeth of irregular gear 1 45 have the same diameter. The small convex teeth of irregular gear 2 46 mesh with the large convex teeth of irregular gear 1 45. The small convex teeth of irregular gear 2 46 and the large convex teeth of irregular gear 1 45 have the same diameter.

[0074] In operation, motor 244 drives irregular gear 145 to rotate. When irregular gear 145 rotates, the large convex tooth of irregular gear 246 drives the small convex tooth of irregular gear 145 to rotate. Since the small convex tooth of irregular gear 145 and the large convex tooth of irregular gear 246 have the same diameter, the rotation speed of irregular gear 246 is relatively slow at this time. When the small convex tooth of irregular gear 246 meshes with the large convex tooth of irregular gear 145, the small convex tooth of irregular gear 246 drives the large convex tooth of irregular gear 145 to rotate rapidly, that is, irregular gear 246 rotates rapidly, thereby controlling the stirring speed.

[0075] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8One side of the irregular gear 46 is fixedly connected to the disc 47. The disc 47 is rotatably connected to the extraction box 41 near the protective frame 42. The inside of the protective frame 42 is rotatably connected to the internal gear ring 48. The eccentric part inside the disc 47 is rotatably connected to the combined stirring rod 410. One side of the stirring rod 410 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary gear 49. The auxiliary gear 49 is located near the internal gear ring 48 and meshes with the internal gear ring 48. One side of the inside of the extraction box 41 is fixedly connected to the isolation plate 411. The isolation plate 411 is located away from the disc 47. Several ventilation holes 412 are opened at the bottom of the isolation plate 411. One side of the storage box 413 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 415. The exhaust pipe 415 is located near the extraction box 41 and is fixedly connected to the extraction box 41.

[0076] In use, the rotation of the irregular gear 46 drives the rotation of the disc 47, which is fixedly connected to the irregular gear 46. The rotation of the disc 47 drives the rotation of the stirring rod 410, which is eccentrically connected to the disc 47. While the disc 47 drives the stirring rod 410 to rotate, it also drives the auxiliary gear 49 to move together. The auxiliary gear 49 meshes with the internal gear ring 48. That is, while the stirring rod 410 rotates eccentrically inside the extraction box 41, it can also rotate on its own axis. The eccentric rotation causes the rotation center of the stirring rod 410 to deviate from the center of the container, causing fluid chaos and eliminating the mixing isolation zone in the laminar flow state. The centrifugal force of the rotation and the eccentric rotation combine to form a complex fluid trajectory, further improving the mixing uniformity. Through the eccentric rotation design, the mixing time can be shortened and the production efficiency can be improved.

[0077] Among them, motor 36 and motor 44 are both Siemens 1LEO series three-phase asynchronous motors. The outer surface of the support base 1 can be equipped with a PLC control system, switch and power supply. Power is transmitted from the power supply to motor 36 and motor 44 along the main line, and the connection is ensured to be firm and the contact is good. The start and stop of motor 36 and motor 44 are controlled by the PLC control system.

[0078] Both the crushing chamber 315 and the extraction chamber 41 are equipped with switch doors. The inner wall of the extraction chamber 41 and the stirring rod 410 are coated with Hastelloy C276 (acid corrosion resistant). The discharge hole 319 is fitted with a Teflon bushing, and the hole diameter is enlarged to Φ3mm, allowing dry ice particles to have a diameter ≤1mm. A magnetic fluid sealing ring is used between the auxiliary frame 310 and the crushing chamber 315 to prevent CO2 leakage. A cyclone separator is added to the air inlet pipe 414. The CO2 after dust separation enters the storage tank 413. The air inlet pipe 414 is connected to a vacuum pump (power 0.5kW), and the pumping speed is [not specified]. The CO2 injection rate is 5L / min, maintaining a slight negative pressure (-0.05MPa) in the crushing chamber 315. A pressure reducing valve (opening pressure 0.1MPa) and a flow meter (range 0-2L / min) are added to the exhaust pipe 415 to precisely control the CO2 injection rate. The CO2 in the crushing chamber 315 is drawn to the storage tank 413 by a vacuum pump (squeezing rate 5L / min) through the air inlet pipe 414. During extraction, CO2 is injected into the extraction tank 41 through the pressure reducing valve (pressure 0.1MPa) and the flow meter (1L / min) to maintain O2 < 0.1%.

[0079] The purification tank 5 uses membrane materials with higher flux, such as ultrafiltration or nanofiltration membranes, to improve purification efficiency. A fluid power device can be added to the purification tank 5 to enhance liquid flow, prevent membrane clogging, and ensure the continuity and stability of the system.

[0080] Low-temperature resistant, high-viscosity lubricating grease is used in the sliding connection between the feeding cylinder 330 and the roller 316 to reduce friction and improve the stability of equipment operation; the connection between the roller 316 and the auxiliary frame 310 is strengthened by using high-strength alloy materials to reduce deformation or wear of components during long-term operation; the sealing design between the crushing box 315, the storage box 413 and the extraction box 41 is strengthened by using sealing materials suitable for low-temperature operation (such as fluororubber sealing rings), and a gas leak detection device is designed at the connection point. Once a leak occurs, it can promptly alarm and automatically switch to the backup system;

[0081] CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which may further lower the pH of the solution. However, oxalic acid (H2C2O4) already provides an acidic environment with a pH of approximately 2-3. Therefore, the addition of CO2 will not significantly change the acidity of the reaction system.

[0082] Chemical properties: Oxalic acid is a weak acid with pKa1 = 1.25 and pKa2 = 4.14. CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid with pKa1 = 6.35 and pKa2 = 10.33.

[0083] Reaction mechanism: The addition of CO2 may further lower the solution pH, but the presence of oxalic acid already makes the solution pH low, so the effect of CO2 on pH is limited. Under acidic conditions of pH 4-6, the solubility of CO2 increases, but it will not undergo a neutralization reaction with oxalic acid, since both are acidic substances.

[0084] Hydrogen bond network of DES: The hydrogen bond network of choline chloride / oxalate DES is formed by the choline cation of ChCl and the carboxylate ion of oxalate connected by hydrogen bonds.

[0085] CO2 acts as a physical absorbent, interacting with DES components through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. However, existing studies, such as the dissolution of CO2 in ChCl-ethylene glycol DES, indicate that CO2 absorption follows Henry's Law, suggesting that physical absorption is the primary method and has little impact on the DES structure.

[0086] DES has a high viscosity at low temperatures, but the addition of CO2 may improve its flowability by reducing surface tension, which is beneficial to the extraction process.

[0087] The implementation principle of the morel polysaccharide extraction and purification device in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0088] In use, the motor 36 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 33 drives the push block 34, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33, to rotate. The rotation of the push block 34 pushes the auxiliary block 314, the auxiliary frame 310, and the roller 316 to move downward together. This causes the sliding rod 312 to slide inside the fixed cylinder 311 and stretch the return spring 313. This allows the roller 316 to reciprocate up and down inside the crushing box 315 for compression. The rotation of the rotating shaft 33 can drive the bevel gear set 37 to rotate. The rotation of the bevel gear set 37 drives the rotating column 38, the limiting plate 39, and the bevel gear set 323 to rotate. The rotation of the bevel gear set 323 drives the roller 316 to rotate. This controls the roller 316 to keep rotating while moving, so as to form a three-dimensional grinding path and improve the grinding efficiency of morel mushrooms.

[0089] The rotation of the shaft 33 drives the rotation of the bevel gear set 324, which in turn drives the rotation of the rotating column 325, the limiting plate 326, and the bevel gear set 332. The rotation of the bevel gear set 332 drives the reciprocating screw 333 to rotate, which in turn drives the nut 335, the connecting rod 336, and the pusher cylinder 330 to move back and forth together. The dry ice is gradually pushed into the inside of the roller 316 through the slot opened in the pusher cylinder 330.

[0090] When crushing dry ice and morel mushrooms, CO2 in the crushing chamber 315 is drawn into the storage chamber 413 through the air inlet pipe 414 for collection. When extracting morel mushroom polysaccharides in the extraction chamber 41, CO2 in the storage chamber 413 is injected into the extraction chamber 41 through the exhaust pipe 415 as an inert gas to replace traditional nitrogen and form a protective atmosphere to prevent polysaccharide oxidation and degradation. Then, the extracted supernatant is injected into the purification tank 5 through the supernatant extraction pipe 416 for membrane fractionation purification. The purified solution is loaded into the dialysis tank 7 through the drain pipe 6.

[0091] During the extraction of morel polysaccharides, motor 2 44 drives irregular gear 1 45 and irregular gear 2 46 to rotate rapidly. The rotation of irregular gear 2 46 drives the disc 47 and stirring rod 410 to rotate. At the same time, the disc 47 drives the stirring rod 410 to rotate, and the auxiliary gear 49 moves together. The auxiliary gear 49 meshes with the internal gear ring 48. That is, while the stirring rod 410 rotates eccentrically inside the extraction box 41, it can also rotate on its own axis. The eccentric rotation causes the rotation center of the stirring rod 410 to deviate from the center of the container, causing fluid chaos. This eliminates the mixing isolation zone in the laminar flow state, which can shorten the mixing time and improve production efficiency.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] Extraction and purification process of morel polysaccharides

[0094] The extraction of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 1: Open the crushing box 315 and put the washed morel mushroom raw materials into the crushing box 315. Then close the crushing box 315 and put dry ice into the pushing cylinder 330 through the hopper 328. The reciprocating screw 333 rotates to drive the connecting rod 336 and the pushing cylinder 330 to reciprocate inside the roller 316 to put the dry ice into the roller 316. When the roller 316 rotates, the dry ice is thrown out through the discharge hole 319. Thus, dry ice is added when crushing morel mushrooms.

[0096] Step 2: A large amount of CO2 is generated when crushing morel mushrooms and dry ice. The CO2 in the crushing chamber 315 is drawn into the storage chamber 413 by a vacuum pump (5L / min pumping rate) through the air inlet pipe 414 for collection.

[0097] Step 3: After the morel mushrooms are crushed, the baffle 321 is manually removed so that the discharge port 320 is not blocked, thereby allowing the crushed morel mushroom powder to fall into the extraction box 41. The extraction box 41 is filled with a eutectic solvent, in which choline chloride is the hydrogen bond acceptor and oxalic acid is the hydrogen bond donor. The volume water content of the eutectic solvent is 80-90%, preferably 90%, and the molar ratio of choline chloride to oxalic acid is 2-2.5:1, preferably 2:1. The mixture is eccentrically stirred by the stirring rod 410. During stirring, CO2 from the storage tank 413 is injected into the extraction box 41 through a pressure reducing valve (pressure 0.1MPa) and a flow meter (1L / min) to maintain O2 < 0.1%.

[0098] Step 4: The supernatant obtained is an extract of morel polysaccharides;

[0099] The purification of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps:

[0100] Step 1: The extracted supernatant is injected into the purification tank 5 through the supernatant extraction tube 416 for membrane fractionation purification;

[0101] Step 2: The purified solution is loaded into the dialysis tank 7 through the drain pipe 6. Then, the purified solution is placed under nitrogen protection at 4°C and dialyzed with running water for 24 hours. Finally, the ultrapure water is dialyzed for 12 hours and then freeze-dried to obtain morel polysaccharide.

[0102] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides, characterized in that: Includes a support base (1), and a support plate (2) is fixedly connected inside the support base (1). The upper part of the support base (1) is provided with a pretreatment mechanism for crushing morel mushroom raw materials, and the top surface of the support plate (2) is provided with an extraction mechanism for extracting morel mushroom polysaccharides. The pretreatment mechanism includes a crushing box (315) for placing morel mushroom raw materials. The crushing box (315) is provided with rollers (316) for rolling and grinding the morel mushroom raw materials. The outer surface of the rollers (316) is linearly arrayed with protrusions (317) for crushing the morel mushroom raw materials. The extraction mechanism includes a storage box (413) for storing CO2 released by dry ice. The top surface of the storage box (413) is fixedly connected to and communicates with an air inlet pipe (414) for extracting CO2 from the inside of the crushing box (315), which is fixedly connected to and communicates with the top surface of the crushing box (315). The top surface of the support plate (2) is fixedly connected to an extraction box (41) for extracting morel polysaccharides. The top surface of the extraction box (41) is fixedly connected to and communicates with a supernatant extraction pipe (416) for extracting the supernatant from the extraction box (41). The supernatant extraction tube (416) is fixedly connected to and connected to a purification tank (5) for triple filtration, which is fixedly connected to one side of the support base (1) on the side away from the extraction box (41). The bottom surface of the purification tank (5) is fixedly connected to and connected to a drain pipe (6) for extracting the filtered supernatant. The drain pipe (6) is fixedly connected to and connected to a dialysis box (7) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support base (1) on the side away from the purification tank (5).

2. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment mechanism also includes a protective frame (31) fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base (1). A fixing block (32) is symmetrically fixedly connected inside the protective frame (31). A rotating shaft (33) is rotatably connected through the interior of the protective frame (31) and the fixing block (32). A push block (34) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (33). An auxiliary block (35) is fixedly connected to the side of the support base (1) near the protective frame (31). A motor (36) is fixedly connected inside the auxiliary block (35). The output end of the motor (36) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (33).

3. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (33) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear set (37) that is rotatably connected to the fixed block (32) at one end near the auxiliary block (35). A rotating column (38) is fixedly connected to the side of the bevel gear set (37) away from the fixed block (32). A limit plate (39) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column (38). A fixed cylinder (311) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed block (32). A sliding rod (312) is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder (311). An auxiliary frame (310) that is slidably connected to the crushing box (315) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod (312) away from the fixed cylinder (311). A return spring (313) is fixedly connected between the fixed block (32) and the auxiliary frame (310).

4. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the auxiliary frame (310) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary block three (314). The roller (316) is rotatably connected inside the auxiliary frame (310). The outer surface of the rotating column one (38) is slidably connected to the bevel gear set two (323). The side of the auxiliary frame (310) near the auxiliary block two (35) is fixedly connected to the protective frame two (322) which is slidably connected to the side of the crushing box (315). The side of the bevel gear set two (323) away from the rotating column one (38) is rotatably connected inside the protective frame two (322) and fixedly connected to the roller (316). The outer surface of the roller (316) is provided with a rectangular groove (318) and a plurality of discharge holes (319).

5. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 4, characterized in that: A bevel gear set three (324) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft (33) away from the auxiliary block two (35). A rotating column two (325) is fixedly connected to the side of the bevel gear set three (324) away from the rotating shaft (33). A limit plate two (326) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two (325). A bevel gear set four (332) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two (325). A hopper (328) is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary frame (310) near the bevel gear set three (324). The top surface of the hopper (328) is fixedly penetrated. The feed pipe (329) is connected to the inside of the protective frame (31). The bottom surface of the hopper (328) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (327). The side of the connecting plate (327) is fixedly connected to the abutment plate (337). The bottom surface of the hopper (328) is abutted and slidably connected to the pusher cylinder (330) which is slidably connected to the side of the crushing box (315). The pusher cylinder (330) is slidably connected to the inside of the roller (316), and the pusher cylinder (330) is abutted and slidably connected to the top surface of the abutment plate (337).

6. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate (327) is fixedly connected to the side near the abutment plate (337) by a protective frame three (331) that is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating column two (325). The protective frame three (331) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inside of the protective frame three (331). The limiting plate three (334) is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting plate three (334). The reciprocating screw (333) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the reciprocating screw (333). The outer surface of the nut (335) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (336) that is slidably connected to the outer surface of the protective frame three (331) and fixedly connected to the pusher cylinder (330). The side of the reciprocating screw (333) near the rotating column two (325) is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set four (332).

7. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism also includes a protective frame four (42) fixedly connected to one side of the storage box (413). A protective frame five (43) is fixedly connected to the side of the protective frame four (42) away from the extraction box (41). A motor two (44) is fixedly connected inside the protective frame five (43). The output shaft of the motor two (44) is rotatably connected through the inside of the protective frame four (42) and fixedly connected to an irregular gear one (45). An irregular gear two (46) that meshes with the irregular gear one (45) is rotatably connected inside the protective frame four (42).

8. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 7, characterized in that: One side of the irregular gear 2 (46) is fixedly connected to a disc (47) that is rotatably connected to the side of the extraction box (41) near the protective frame 4 (42). The inside of the protective frame 4 (42) is rotatably connected to an internal gear ring (48). A stirring rod (410) is symmetrically rotatably connected inside the disc (47). The side of the stirring rod (410) near the internal gear ring (48) is fixedly connected to an auxiliary gear (49) that meshes with the internal gear ring (48).

9. The apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation plate (411) is fixedly connected to the side of the extraction box (41) away from the disc (47). Several ventilation holes (412) are opened at the bottom of the isolation plate (411). An exhaust pipe (415) is fixedly connected to the side of the storage box (413) near the extraction box (41) and is fixedly connected to the extraction box (41).

10. A process for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides, applied to the apparatus for extracting and purifying morel polysaccharides as described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, The extraction of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the crushing box (315) and put the washed morel mushroom raw material into the crushing box (315). Then close the crushing box (315) and put dry ice into the push cylinder (330) through the hopper (328). The connecting rod (336) and the push cylinder (330) are driven to reciprocate inside the roller (316) by the rotation of the reciprocating screw (333) to put the dry ice into the roller (316). When the roller (316) rotates, the dry ice is thrown out through the discharge hole (319). Thus, dry ice is added when crushing morel mushrooms. Step 2: A large amount of CO2 will be generated when crushing morel mushrooms and dry ice. The CO2 will be drawn into the storage box (413) through the air inlet pipe (414) for collection. Step 3: After the morel mushrooms are crushed, the baffle (321) is manually removed so that the discharge port (320) is not blocked, thereby dropping the crushed morel mushroom powder into the interior of the extraction box (41). The interior of the extraction box (41) is filled with a eutectic solvent and is eccentrically stirred by the stirring rod (410). During stirring, the CO2 collected in the storage box (413) is injected into the interior of the extraction box (41). Step 4: The supernatant obtained is an extract of morel polysaccharides; The purification of morel polysaccharides includes the following steps: Step 1: The extracted supernatant is injected into the purification tank (5) through the supernatant extraction tube (416) for membrane fractionation purification; Step 2: The purified solution is loaded into the dialysis box (7) through the drain tube (6) → placed in CO2-saturated running water for dialysis for 24 hours → dialyzed with ultrapure water for 12 hours and then freeze-dried to obtain morel polysaccharide.

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