Negative pressure waste gas collecting air pipe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas collection, and discloses a negative pressure waste gas collection air pipe which comprises an air pipe body, a front filter screen plate, an annular adsorption purification mechanism, a circulating spraying purification mechanism and a rear filter screen plate, a fan assembly is arranged at the position, close to the rear end, in the air pipe body, the front filter screen plate is arranged at the front end of the air pipe body, and the rear filter screen plate is arranged at the rear end of the air pipe body. The annular adsorption purification mechanism is arranged at the near front end of the periphery of the air pipe body and used for annularly adsorbing, purifying and discharging waste gas. The circulating spraying purification mechanism is arranged in the middle of the air pipe body and used for forming water mist through circulating spraying to reduce the concentration of waste gas. Through the synergistic effect of the annular adsorption purification mechanism and the circulating spraying purification mechanism, efficient multi-layer purification of waste gas is achieved, the problems that an existing single purification technology is low in efficiency and poor in applicability when complex waste gas is treated are solved, and the device is suitable for various scenes such as industrial waste gas treatment and waste gas collection of urban sewage treatment plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas collection technology, specifically a negative pressure waste gas collection duct. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industry, a large amount of waste gas is generated in various industrial production processes. These waste gases have complex compositions, including particulate matter, organic pollutants, odorous gases, and harmful chemicals. If they are discharged directly into the atmosphere without effective treatment, they will cause serious pollution to the environment and affect the quality of life of surrounding residents.

[0003] To reduce the environmental impact of exhaust gas emissions, countries have formulated strict environmental protection regulations, requiring industrial enterprises to collect and treat exhaust gases to ensure that emissions meet standards. Negative pressure exhaust gas collection ducts have emerged as a result. By creating a negative pressure environment inside the duct, negative pressure exhaust gas collection ducts effectively collect exhaust gases generated during industrial production and transport them to subsequent purification and treatment equipment. They are an important component of exhaust gas treatment systems.

[0004] Existing negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct fan components suffer from high airflow resistance and noise levels. Furthermore, the filter media used has limited filtration precision, failing to effectively intercept fine particulate matter or harmful gases. This results in some fine particles and harmful gases entering subsequent purification stages or being directly emitted into the atmosphere, impacting exhaust gas treatment efficiency. Some single-adsorption purification structures are also ill-suited for efficiently treating complex exhaust gases. Therefore, corresponding technical solutions need to be designed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct, which solves the technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct, comprising a duct body, a front filter plate, an annular adsorption purification mechanism, a circulating spray purification mechanism, and a rear filter plate, wherein a fan assembly is provided near the rear end of the duct body, and the fan assembly is installed on the inner side wall of the duct body. The front filter plate is located at the front end of the duct body, and the rear filter plate is located at the rear end of the duct body. Mounting plate one is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the front filter plate, and mounting plate two is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the rear filter plate. Mounting plate one and mounting plate two are both installed on the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the duct body. The annular adsorption purification mechanism is located near the front end of the circumference of the duct body, and is used for annular adsorption purification of exhaust gas before discharge. The circulating spray purification mechanism is located in the middle of the duct body and is used to reduce the concentration of exhaust gas by forming water mist through circulating spray. The circulating spray purification mechanism includes a base, which is fixedly located in the middle of the bottom of the duct body in a trapezoidal structure. Both the front and rear ends of the base are fixed with base plates.

[0007] Preferably, the fan assembly includes a drive motor, a power output terminal, a drive shaft, fan blades, a cross plate, and a support plate. The drive shaft is connected to the front end of the drive motor, the fan blades are fixedly mounted on the outside of the drive shaft, a mounting bracket is installed at the rear end of the drive motor, and fixing plates are installed on both ends of the mounting bracket. The cross plate is fixedly mounted at both ends of the fixing plate, and the support plate is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the fixing plate in an inverted L-shaped plate structure. Both ends of the cross plate and the lower end of the support plate are installed on the inner sidewall of the duct body. A pointed structure is fixedly provided at the front end of the cross plate, and the front end of the support plate has a chamfered structure. The power output terminal is used to supply power to the fan. The drive motor provides power and drives the drive shaft and fan blades to rotate, generating a stable negative pressure that directs the airflow to the right front and back. The mounting bracket uses an X-shaped structure to securely mount the drive motor. The fixing plate extends upwards from the mounting bracket to mount the horizontal plate and also serves to fix the support plate to the rear. The inverted L-shaped support plate, together with the horizontal plate, securely mounts the fan assembly to the inner wall of the duct body. The pointed and chamfered support plate enhances the stability of the fan assembly, optimizes the internal airflow distribution of the duct body, reduces flow resistance, and allows exhaust gas to pass through efficiently, reducing airflow turbulence and energy loss.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting bracket has an X-shaped structure with a through hole in the middle. A fixing rod is fixedly installed near the upper end of the support plate, and a movable adjustment and locking structure is provided above the fixing rod. The movable adjustment and locking structure includes an adjustment groove, an adjustment rod, a limiting plate, an extension bracket, an adjustment screw, a protrusion, and an extension rod. The adjustment groove is located near the upper end of the support plate and above the fixing rod. The adjustment rod is slidably connected to the inside of the adjustment groove. The limiting plate is fixed near the outer end of the adjustment rod and is slidably connected to the rear end of the support plate. The adjustment rod is located inside the through hole for up-and-down adjustment. The fixing rod is fixedly engaged below the mounting bracket, and the adjustment rod is movably engaged at the through hole. The adjustment rod is located inside the adjustment groove for up-and-down adjustment. The limiting plate is used to assist the adjustment rod in limiting its sliding position, further ensuring that the fan assembly is securely supported to the front end of the support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the extension frame is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the limiting plate in a right-angled plate shape. The adjusting screw is threaded through and connected to the inside of the extension frame. The protrusion is fixed at the outer end of the adjusting screw. The extension rod is fixedly distributed on the outer side wall of the protrusion. The right-angled plate-shaped symmetrical extension frame is used to extend and support the adjusting screw to both ends of the limiting plate. The adjusting screw is used for internal and external adjustment and locking to both sides of the support plate. The extension rod is used for hand-held rotation of the protrusion and the adjusting screw.

[0010] Preferably, the annular adsorption purification mechanism includes an annular pipe, a suction device, and a filter cartridge. The filter cartridge is distributed around the circumference of the duct body. The annular pipe is located outside the duct body and connects the filter cartridges through it. One end of the annular pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, and the rear end of the connecting pipe is connected to a suction pipe. The lower part of the suction pipe is connected to the upper part of the suction device. An air outlet pipe is connected to the outer side of the suction device. A support rod is fixedly provided at the lower end of the suction device. The support rod is used to support the suction device installed upwards. The suction device is used to control the suction through the suction pipe and the connecting pipe connected to the annular pipe. The annular pipe is used to connect the filter cartridges circumferentially.

[0011] Preferably, an air inlet hood is fixedly installed at the inner end of the filter cartridge, a sealing cover is installed at the outer end of the filter cartridge, a pull rod is fixedly installed at the outer end of the sealing cover, and locking bolts are distributed around the circumference of the sealing cover through a thread. A filter element is fixedly installed at the inner end of the sealing cover. The air inlet hood is located inside the air duct body for air intake. The sealing cover, locking bolts, and sealing cover cooperate with each other to facilitate maintenance and replacement of the filter element, reducing operating costs. The detachable design facilitates filter element replacement, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces long-term operating costs. The filter element is made of activated carbon and zeolite composite material. Activated carbon has a rich microporous structure, which can adsorb organic pollutants and odors in the exhaust gas. Zeolite has a regular pore structure and a large specific surface area, which has good adsorption selectivity for some specific harmful gases, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Combining the two can give full play to their advantages and improve the adsorption capacity for a variety of harmful gases.

[0012] Preferably, the circulating spray purification mechanism includes a top plate, a spray pipe, a drain hole, a baffle plate, and a water pump. The top plate is an arc-shaped plate structure located above the duct body. The spray pipe is connected to the inner wall of the top plate and extends through the upper end of the duct body. A nozzle is provided at the inner end of the spray pipe. The drain hole is located at the lower end of the duct body. The baffle plate is fixedly located at the front and rear ends of the drain hole. A suction pipe is fixedly connected between the front end of the water pump and the lower front end of the base. A first pump pipe is connected to the upper end of the water pump. A water purification filter cartridge is installed at the upper end of the first pump pipe. A second pump pipe is installed at the upper end of the water purification filter cartridge. The upper end of the second pump pipe is connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate. The arc-shaped plate structure... The top plate of the structure is used to connect multiple sets of spray pipes in an arc shape towards the inward end. The spray pipes are used to connect to the nozzles, which are used to spray water onto the air duct body. Multiple drain holes are arranged in an array for water outlet. A baffle plate is used to block the water flow and prevent it from flowing out at the front and back. A water pump is used to control the pumping of water from inside the base through a water pumping pipe. Pump pipe one and pump pipe two are used to pump water to the top plate. A water purification filter cartridge is used to further effectively filter impurities in the spray water, realizing the recycling of water resources. The water purification filter cartridge uses a ceramic filter element, which is made of natural mineral materials. It has a porous structure with uniform pore size, good chemical stability and high temperature resistance. It can withstand high water pressure and temperature and can be regenerated through backwashing and other methods, allowing for multiple reuses.

[0013] Preferably, a filter plate assembly is inserted into the upper part of the base. A baffle is fixedly provided at the outer end of the filter plate assembly. A lifting device is located at the middle of the outer end of the baffle. Mounting ring plates are fixed at both ends of the baffle. The mounting ring plates are installed at both ends of the outer side of the base. The mounting ring plates are used to install the baffle to the outer end of the base. The baffle is used to fix the filter plate assembly inward. The filter plate assembly is used to filter and purify the water flow after spraying. The filtered water enters the interior of the base.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the synergistic effect of the annular adsorption purification mechanism and the circulating spray purification mechanism, efficient multi-level purification of waste gas is achieved. This solves the problems of low efficiency and poor applicability of existing single purification technologies when treating complex waste gases. The annular adsorption purification mechanism can adsorb pollutants in an annular manner, capturing waste gas more comprehensively and completing the initial purification of particulate matter after the waste gas is sucked in. The annular structure design increases the adsorption area, improves purification efficiency, and avoids the dead zone problem that may exist in traditional linear adsorption. The circulating spray purification mechanism forms water mist through spray pipes and nozzles. The water mist fully contacts the waste gas, dissolving soluble harmful substances in the waste gas in the water, further reducing the concentration of pollutants in the waste gas. The circulating structure circulates and reuses water resources. Circulating spray effectively removes fine particulate matter and some soluble pollutants from the waste gas, improving the purification effect while saving water resources and significantly improving waste gas treatment capacity. It is applicable to various scenarios such as industrial waste gas treatment and waste gas collection in urban sewage treatment plants, and has broad market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front upper view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear lower view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front filter plate structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear filter plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the annular adsorption purification mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the filter cartridge of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the circulating spray purification mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the circulating spray purification mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal front fan assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the front mounting structure of the wind turbine assembly of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the rear mounting structure of the wind turbine assembly of the present invention; Figure 14For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the active adjustment locking structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Duct body; 10. Drive motor; 101. Power output terminal; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Fan blades; 13. Horizontal plate; 131. Tip structure; 14. Support plate; 141. Fixing rod; 142. Adjusting rod; 1421. Limiting plate; 1422. Extension frame; 1423. Adjusting screw; 1424. Protrusion; 1425. Extension rod; 140. Adjustment groove; 15. Mounting bracket; 151. Fixing plate; 152. Through hole; 2. Front filter screen; 21. Mounting plate one; 3. Circular adsorption purification mechanism; 31. Circular pipe; 311. Connecting pipe; 32. Suction device; 321. Suction pipe; 322. Exhaust pipe; 323. Support rod; 33. Filter cartridge; 34. Air inlet hood; 35. Sealing cover; 351. Pull rod; 352. Locking bolt; 36. Filter element; 4. Circulating spray purification mechanism; 41. Top plate; 42. Spray pipe; 421. Spray head; 43. Drain hole; 44. Water baffle plate; 45. Base; 451. Base plate; 46. Water pump; 461. Pumping pipe; 462. Pump pipe one; 4621. Pump pipe two; 4622. Water purification filter cartridge; 47. Filter plate assembly; 471. Baffle; 472. Lifting device; 473. Mounting ring plate; 5. Rear filter plate; 51. Mounting plate two. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-15 The present invention provides a technical solution: a negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct, including a duct body 1, a front filter plate 2, an annular adsorption purification mechanism 3, a circulating spray purification mechanism 4 and a rear filter plate 5. A fan assembly is provided inside the duct body 1 near the rear end. The fan assembly is installed on the inner side wall of the duct body 1. The fan assembly has a compact structure and can generate a stable negative pressure to draw in exhaust gas and push it through the purification system. The front filter plate 2 is located at the front end of the duct body 1. The front filter plate 2 first filters large particulate impurities entering the duct to prevent them from entering the subsequent purification stage and affecting the purification effect and equipment service life. The rear filter plate 5 is located at the rear end of the duct body 1. The rear filter plate 5 filters the exhaust gas after the previous purification treatment to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the environmental protection standards. Mounting plate 1 21 is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the front filter plate 2, and mounting plate 2 51 is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the rear filter plate 5. Mounting plate 1 21 and mounting plate 2 51 are both installed on the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the duct body 1. Mounting plate 1 21 and mounting plate 2 51 are used for quick disassembly, maintenance and cleaning of the front filter plate 2 and the rear filter plate 5. The annular adsorption purification mechanism 3 is located near the front end of the circumference of the duct body 1. The annular adsorption purification mechanism 3 is used for annular adsorption of waste gas for purification and discharge. The circulating spray purification mechanism 4 is located in the middle of the duct body 1 and is used to reduce the concentration of exhaust gas by forming water mist through circulating spray. The circulating spray purification mechanism 4 includes a base 45, which is fixedly located in the middle of the bottom of the duct body 1 in a trapezoidal structure. Both the front and rear ends of the base 45 are fixed with base plates 451 for extended and stable support installation.

[0019] The front filter plate 2 uses polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filter media, which is a layer of PTFE microporous membrane coated on the surface of ordinary filter media. The PTFE membrane has extremely small pore size, usually between 0.1-3mm, which can prevent finer particles from passing through. At the same time, its surface is smooth, does not easily adhere to dust, and is easy to clean. The rear filter plate 5 uses glass fiber filter paper. Glass fiber filter paper has the characteristics of high filtration efficiency, low resistance, and high temperature resistance. Its fiber diameter is fine and its porosity is high, which can effectively intercept tiny particles in the exhaust gas. Moreover, glass fiber filter paper has good chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of chemical substances in the exhaust gas.

[0020] Further improvements include a drive motor 10, a power output terminal 101, a drive shaft 11, a fan blade 12, a horizontal plate 13, and a support plate 14. The drive shaft 11 is connected to the front end of the drive motor 10, the fan blade 12 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the drive shaft 11, a mounting bracket 15 is installed at the rear end of the drive motor 10, and a fixing plate 151 is installed on both ends of the mounting bracket 15. The horizontal plate 13 is fixedly mounted on both ends of the fixing plate 151, and the support plate 14 is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the fixing plate 151 in an inverted L-shaped plate structure. Both ends of the horizontal plate 13 and the lower end of the support plate 14 are installed on the inner side wall of the duct body 1. The front end of the horizontal plate 13 is fixedly provided with a pointed structure 131, and the front end of the support plate 14 is a chamfered structure. The power output terminal 101 is used to supply power to the drive motor 10. The drive motor 10 is used to drive and control the drive shaft 11 and the fan blades 12 to rotate and generate a stable negative pressure, so that the air flows to the right front and back. The mounting bracket 15 is used to securely install the drive motor 10 with an X-shaped structure. The fixing plate 151 is used to extend the horizontal plate 13 above the mounting bracket 15 and to fix the support plate 14 to the rear. The support plate 14 with an inverted L-shaped plate structure, together with the horizontal plate 13, securely installs the fan assembly to the inner wall of the duct body 1. The pointed structure 131 and the chamfered structure of the support plate 14 enhance the stability of the fan assembly, optimize the internal airflow distribution of the duct body 1, reduce flow resistance, and enable the exhaust gas to pass through the interior efficiently, reducing airflow turbulence and energy loss.

[0021] Further improvements include an X-shaped structure for the mounting bracket 15, with a through hole 152 in the middle of the mounting bracket 15; A fixing rod 141 is fixedly provided near the upper end of the interior of the support plate 14. A movable adjustment and locking structure is provided above the fixing rod 141. The movable adjustment and locking structure includes an adjustment groove 140, an adjustment rod 142, a limiting plate 1421, an extension frame 1422, an adjustment screw 1423, a protrusion 1424, and an extension rod 1425. The adjustment groove 140 is opened near the upper end of the interior of the support plate 14 and is located above the fixing rod 141. The adjustment rod 142 is slidably connected to the interior of the adjustment groove 140. The limiting plate 1421 is fixedly provided near the outer end of the adjustment rod 142 and is slidably connected to the rear end of the support plate 14. The adjustment rod 142 is located inside the through hole 152 and is adjusted up and down. The fixing rod 141 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the mounting bracket 15, and the adjusting rod 142 is used to be movably attached to the through hole 152. The adjusting rod 142 is located inside the adjusting groove 140 and can be adjusted up and down. The limiting plate 1421 is used to assist the adjusting rod 142 in limiting the sliding, and can further stably support the fan assembly to the front end of the support plate 14.

[0022] In a further improvement, the extension frame 1422 is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the limiting plate 1421 in the form of a right-angled plate. The adjusting screw 1423 is threaded through and connected to the inside of the extension frame 1422. The protrusion 1424 is fixedly fixed at the outer end of the adjusting screw 1423. The extension rod 1425 is fixedly distributed on the outer side wall of the protrusion 1424. The symmetrical extension frame 1422, which has a right-angle plate-like structure, is used to extend and support the adjusting screws 1423 to both ends of the limiting plate 1421. The adjusting screws 1423 are used for internal and external adjustment and locking to both sides of the support plate 14. The extension rod 1425 is used for hand-held rotation operation of the protrusion 1424 and the adjusting screws 1423.

[0023] Further improvements include an annular adsorption purification mechanism 3 comprising an annular pipe 31, an air suction device 32, and a filter cartridge 33. The filter cartridge 33 is distributed around the circumference of the duct body 1, and the annular pipe 31 is located outside the duct body 1 and connects the filter cartridge 33 through it. One end of the ring pipe 31 is connected to a connecting pipe 311, the rear end of the connecting pipe 311 is connected to a suction pipe 321, the lower part of the suction pipe 321 is connected to the upper part of the suction device 32, the outer side of the suction device 32 is connected to an outlet pipe 322, and the lower end of the suction device 32 is fixedly provided with a support rod 323. The support rod 323 is used to support the installation of the suction device 32 upwards. The suction device 32 is used to control the suction through the suction pipe 321 and the connecting pipe 311 connected to the ring pipe 31. The ring pipe 31 is used to connect the filter cartridge 33 in all directions.

[0024] Further improvements include an air inlet hood 34 fixedly installed at the inner end of the filter cartridge 33, a sealing cover 35 installed at the outer end of the filter cartridge 33, a pull rod 351 fixedly installed at the outer end of the sealing cover 35, locking bolts 352 distributed around the circumference of the sealing cover 35 through thread, and a filter element 36 fixedly installed at the inner end of the sealing cover 35. The air inlet hood 34 is located inside the duct body 1 for air intake. The sealing cover 35 and locking bolt 352 cooperate with each other to facilitate maintenance and filter element replacement, reducing operating costs. The detachable design makes it easy to replace the filter element 36, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing long-term operating costs. The filter element 36 is made of activated carbon and zeolite composite material. Activated carbon has a rich microporous structure, which can adsorb organic pollutants and odors in the exhaust gas. Zeolite has a regular pore structure and a large specific surface area, which has good adsorption selectivity for some specific harmful gases, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Combining the two can give full play to their advantages and improve the adsorption capacity for a variety of harmful gases.

[0025] Further improvements include a circulating spray purification mechanism 4 comprising a top plate 41, a spray pipe 42, a drain hole 43, a baffle plate 44, and a water pump 46. The top plate 41 is an arc-shaped plate structure located above the duct body 1. The spray pipe 42 is connected to the inner wall of the top plate 41 and extends through the upper end of the duct body 1. The inner end of the spray pipe 42 is provided with a nozzle 421. The drain hole 43 is opened and distributed at the lower end of the duct body 1. The baffle plate 44 is fixedly located at the front and rear ends of the drain hole 43. A water pump 461 is fixedly connected between the front end of the water pump 46 and the lower front end of the base 45. A pump pipe 462 is connected to the upper end of the water pump 46. A water filter cartridge 4622 is installed at the upper end of the pump pipe 4622. A pump pipe 4621 is installed at the upper end of the water filter cartridge 4622. The upper end of the pump pipe 4621 is connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate 41. The top plate 41 with an arc-shaped plate structure is used to connect multiple sets of water spray pipes 42 in an arc shape to the inward end. The water spray pipes 42 are used to connect the nozzles 421 through the pipes. The nozzles 421 are used to spray water onto the air duct body 1. Multiple drain holes 43 are arranged in an array for water discharge. The water baffle plate 44 is used to block the water flow and prevent it from flowing out from the front and back. The water pump 46 is used to control the water pumping through the water pumping pipe 461 connected to the base 45. The first water pump pipe 462 and the second water pump pipe 4621 are used to pump water to the top plate 41. The water purification filter cartridge 4622 is used to further effectively filter impurities in the spray water and realize the recycling of water resources. The 4622 water filter cartridge uses a ceramic filter element made of natural mineral materials. It has a porous structure with uniform pore size, good chemical stability and high temperature resistance, and can withstand high water pressure and temperature. It can be regenerated through backwashing and other methods, and can be reused many times.

[0026] Specifically, a filter plate assembly 47 is inserted into the upper part of the base 45. A baffle 471 is fixedly provided at the outer end of the filter plate assembly 47. A lifting device 472 is located at the middle of the outer end of the baffle 471. Mounting ring plates 473 are fixedly provided at both ends of the baffle 471. The mounting ring plates 473 are installed at both ends of the outer side of the base 45. The mounting ring plate 473 is used to install the baffle 471 to the outer end of the base 45. The baffle 471 is used to fix the filter plate assembly 47 inward. The filter plate assembly 47 is used to filter and purify the water flow after spraying, and the filtered water enters the interior of the base 45. The filter plate assembly 47 is made of polypropylene (PP) multi-faceted hollow spheres. PP multi-faceted hollow spheres have the characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, and light weight. Their unique structure can increase the contact area between water and filter media, improve filtration efficiency, and PP material has good chemical stability and corrosion resistance, which can meet the requirements of different water quality.

[0027] Working principle: The motor 10 is started by powering the external power supply through the power output terminal 101. The drive shaft 11 drives the fan blades 12 to rotate at high speed, so that the air duct body 1 is inlet from front to back. First, large particulate impurities entering the air duct are initially filtered through the front filter screen 2 to prevent them from entering subsequent purification stages and affecting the purification effect and equipment lifespan. When the suction device 32 of the annular adsorption purification mechanism 3 is activated, air is drawn in through the suction pipe 321, the connecting pipe 311, and the connecting ring pipe 31, and then the air is discharged through the outlet pipe 322. Multiple sets of filter cartridges 33 and air inlet hood 34 draw in exhaust gas into the air duct body 1 around the circumference, and filter and purify it through the filter element 36. The annular adsorption system comprehensively captures the exhaust gas and completes the preliminary purification of particulate matter after the exhaust gas is drawn in. The annular structure design increases the adsorption area, improves the purification efficiency, and avoids the dead corner problem that may exist in traditional linear adsorption. By activating the water pump 46 of the circulating spray purification mechanism 4, water is drawn from inside the base 45 through the water extraction pipe 461, and pumped to the top plate 41 through the first water pump pipe 462, the water purification filter cartridge 4622 and the second water pump pipe 4621. The water is then evenly sprayed downwards through multiple sets of water spray pipes 42 and nozzles 421 to form a water mist. The water mist comes into full contact with the exhaust gas, causing soluble harmful substances in the exhaust gas to dissolve in the water, further reducing the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas. The water flows through the drain hole 43 into the base 45, and then through the filter plate assembly 47 to effectively remove fine particulate matter and some soluble pollutants from the exhaust gas, improving the purification effect. The circulating structure is used to circulate and reuse water resources. Finally, the exhaust gas that has undergone the previous purification process is filtered again through the rear filter plate 5 to ensure that the emitted exhaust gas meets environmental protection standards.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct, comprising a duct body (1), a front filter plate (2), an annular adsorption purification mechanism (3), a circulating spray purification mechanism (4), and a rear filter plate (5), characterized in that: The air duct body (1) is provided with a fan assembly near the rear end inside, and the fan assembly is installed on the inner side wall of the air duct body (1). The front filter plate (2) is located at the front end of the duct body (1), and the rear filter plate (5) is located at the rear end of the duct body (1). Mounting plate one (21) is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the front filter plate (2), and mounting plate two (51) is fixedly distributed around the inner side of the rear filter plate (5). Mounting plate one (21) and mounting plate two (51) are both installed on the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the duct body (1). The annular adsorption purification mechanism (3) is located near the front end of the duct body (1) and is used for annular adsorption purification of exhaust gas. The circulating spray purification mechanism (4) is located in the middle of the air duct body (1) and is used to reduce the concentration of exhaust gas by forming water mist through circulating spray. The circulating spray purification mechanism (4) includes a base (45). The base (45) is fixedly located in the middle of the bottom of the air duct body (1) in a trapezoidal structure. The front and rear ends of the base (45) are both fixed with bottom plates (451).

2. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan assembly includes a drive motor (10), a power output terminal (101), a drive shaft (11), a fan blade (12), a horizontal plate (13), and a support plate (14). The drive shaft (11) is connected to the front end of the drive motor (10). The fan blade (12) is fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft (11). A mounting bracket (15) is installed at the rear end of the drive motor (10). The mounting bracket (15) extends upwards at both ends and is fitted with a fixing plate (151). The horizontal plate (13) is fixedly installed at both ends of the fixing plate (151). The support plate (14) is in the shape of an inverted L-shaped plate and is fixedly installed at the rear end of the fixing plate (151). Both ends of the horizontal plate (13) and the lower end of the support plate (14) are installed on the inner wall of the duct body (1). The front end of the horizontal plate (13) is fixedly provided with a pointed structure (131), and the front end of the support plate (14) is a chamfered structure.

3. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (15) has an X-shaped structure, and a through hole (152) is provided in the middle of the mounting bracket (15). A fixing rod (141) is fixedly provided near the upper end of the interior of the support plate (14). A movable adjustment and locking structure is provided above the fixing rod (141). The movable adjustment and locking structure includes an adjustment groove (140), an adjustment rod (142), a limiting plate (1421), an extension frame (1422), an adjustment screw (1423), a protrusion (1424), and an extension rod (1425). The adjustment groove (140) is opened near the upper end of the interior of the support plate (14) and is located above the fixing rod (141). The adjustment rod (142) is slidably connected through the interior of the adjustment groove (140). The limiting plate (1421) is fixedly provided near the outer end of the adjustment rod (142) and is slidably connected to the rear end of the support plate (14). The adjustment rod (142) is located inside the through hole (152) and is adjusted up and down.

4. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extension frame (1422) is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the limiting plate (1421) in the form of a right-angle plate. The adjusting screw (1423) is threaded through and connected to the inside of the extension frame (1422). The protrusion (1424) is fixed at the outer end of the adjusting screw (1423). The extension rod (1425) is fixedly distributed on the outer side wall of the protrusion (1424).

5. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular adsorption purification mechanism (3) includes an annular pipe (31), a suction device (32) and a filter cylinder (33). The filter cylinder (33) is distributed around the duct body (1) and the annular pipe (31) is located outside the duct body (1) and connects the filter cylinder (33) through it. One end of the ring pipe (31) is connected to a connecting pipe (311), the rear end of the connecting pipe (311) is connected to a suction pipe (321), the lower part of the suction pipe (321) is connected to the upper part of the suction device (32), the outer side of the suction device (32) is connected to an air outlet pipe (322), and the lower end of the suction device (32) is fixedly provided with a support rod (323).

6. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air inlet cover (34) is fixedly provided at the inner end of the filter cylinder (33), a sealing cover (35) is installed at the outer end of the filter cylinder (33), a pull rod (351) is fixedly provided at the outer end of the sealing cover (35), and locking bolts (352) are distributed around the sealing cover (35) through a threaded connection. A filter element (36) is fixedly provided at the inner end of the sealing cover (35).

7. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating spray purification mechanism (4) includes a top plate (41), a spray pipe (42), a drain hole (43), a baffle plate (44), and a water pump (46). The top plate (41) is an arc-shaped plate structure located above the air duct body (1). The spray pipe (42) is connected to the inner wall of the top plate (41) and penetrates the upper end of the air duct body (1). The inner end of the spray pipe (42) is provided with a nozzle (421). The drain hole (43) is opened and distributed at the lower end of the air duct body (1). The baffle plate (44) is fixedly located at the front and rear ends of the drain hole (43). A water pump (461) is fixedly connected between the front end of the water pump (46) and the lower front end of the base (45). A pump pipe (462) is connected to the upper end of the water pump (46). A water filter cartridge (4622) is installed at the upper end of the pump pipe (4622). A pump pipe (4621) is installed at the upper end of the water filter cartridge (4622). The upper end of the pump pipe (4621) is connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate (41).

8. The negative pressure exhaust gas collection duct according to claim 7, characterized in that: A filter plate assembly (47) is inserted into the upper part of the base (45). A baffle (471) is fixedly provided at the outer end of the filter plate assembly (47). A lifting device (472) is located at the middle of the outer end of the baffle (471). Mounting ring plates (473) are fixedly provided at both ends of the baffle (471). The mounting ring plates (473) are installed at both ends of the outer side of the base (45).

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