Catalyst for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas through catalytic reforming of waste fan blades and preparation method of catalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas through catalytic reforming of waste fan blades and a preparation method of the catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste comprehensive utilization and resource recovery. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is obtained by carrying out coprecipitation, iron impregnation and calcination on a nickel-based negative plate. The catalyst is suitable for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from waste fan blades through catalytic reforming, and the volume fraction of H2 and CO in the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas obtained through pyrolysis can reach 80% or above under the conditions that the heating rate is 5-15 DEG C / min and the temperature is 400-600 DEG C. The catalyst has the advantages of high reforming efficiency, high carbon deposition resistance, long service life and the like, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, low in energy consumption and low in cost and has remarkable environmental protection benefits and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste comprehensive utilization and resource recycling technology, specifically relating to a catalyst for catalytic reforming of waste wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of achieving a low-carbon energy transition, wind energy has become an important component of my country's energy structure due to its cleanliness and safety. However, the rapid expansion of the wind power industry has led to a large accumulation of waste wind turbine blades, urgently requiring the development of efficient and sustainable disposal solutions. Waste wind turbine blades are composed of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites, sandwich materials, adhesives, etc., among which the fiber-reinforced polymer composites mainly consist of an epoxy resin matrix and reinforcing glass fibers, accounting for approximately 90 wt.% of the total mass of these blades, and have significant resource recovery potential. Current mainstream recycling methods include mechanical methods, incineration methods, chemical methods, and pyrolysis methods. Among them, the pyrolysis method heats the raw materials to medium-high temperatures under anaerobic or oxygen-deficient conditions, causing the material to decompose into small-molecule gaseous products, aromatic liquid products, and solid coke, thereby achieving efficient separation of fibers and resins, and has enormous potential for industrial application. Patents CN115926848A and CN114656985A disclose a method for recovering glass fiber from wind turbine blades. This method involves pyrolysis reactions under air atmosphere and vacuum assistance, respectively, to rapidly remove organic residues and carbonaceous impurities adhering to the surface of the pyrolysis solid products, thereby achieving high-quality, clean recovery of the glass fiber. However, it neglects the recycling of the epoxy resin matrix, failing to directionally convert the epoxy resin into high-value-added energy and chemicals.

[0003] Pyrolysis of epoxy resin into syngas rich in H2 and CO is considered one of the most promising ways to utilize epoxy resin for high-value purposes. Patent CN115926848A provides a resource-based treatment device and method for waste wind turbine blades. It introduces high-temperature steam into a decarbonization reforming unit, utilizing the reforming effect of high-temperature steam and the catalytic effect of metal components to upgrade the pyrolysis products, achieving carbon dust removal, solid product regeneration, and the generation of hydrogen-rich pyrolysis gas. However, this invention has harsh overall process reaction conditions and requires sophisticated equipment. Catalytic pyrolysis is generally considered an effective method for converting waste resin into high-value-added products under relatively mild conditions, and related research focuses on the development of efficient and low-consumption catalysts. Patent CN120136657A proposes a catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The proposed coated composite molecular sieve catalyst ZSM-5@SBA-15 can be used for the efficient catalytic pyrolysis of waste polyolefin plastics, mainly achieving the enrichment of light aromatics and hydrocarbon gases. However, compared to the plastic materials mentioned in the invention, the epoxy resin matrix in waste wind turbine blades has a unique three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, resulting in stronger heat resistance and decomposition resistance. Therefore, existing composite molecular sieve catalysts, when applied to the catalytic pyrolysis of blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas, suffer from problems such as low yield and selectivity of the target product.

[0004] Therefore, based on the significant shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of energy consumption control, product selectivity, and pyrolysis product quality assurance, this invention aims to achieve the directional and efficient conversion of waste wind turbine blades into high-value-added hydrogen-rich syngas through a low-energy catalytic reforming process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a catalyst and its preparation method suitable for the catalytic reforming of waste wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a catalyst for the catalytic reforming of spent wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Physically dismantle, mechanically descale, and clean the waste alkaline electrolytic cell to separate nickel-based cathode plates;

[0009] (2) The obtained nickel-based cathode plate was dried and ball-milled to obtain metal powder;

[0010] (3) Add the metal powder to an alkaline solution to carry out a co-precipitation reaction, and separate the precipitate;

[0011] (4) The precipitate is immersed in an iron salt solution formed by solid iron salt and water, the immersed material is removed and dried to obtain the precursor;

[0012] (5) The precursor was calcined to obtain the composite catalyst.

[0013] The following is a detailed explanation of each step.

[0014] Step (1)

[0015] The waste alkaline electrolyzer is a water electrolysis hydrogen production device. Its core structure includes an electrode assembly (nickel-based cathode plate and alloy anode plate), an alkaline solution circulation unit, and an electrical control unit. The metal matrix of the nickel-based cathode plate is mainly composed of nickel and contains trace amounts of iron, cobalt, and other metal elements.

[0016] Preferably, the waste alkaline electrolytic cell is at least one of a nickel-based alkaline electrolytic cell, a noble metal composite electrode alkaline electrolytic cell, and a nickel-iron alloy electrode alkaline electrolytic cell.

[0017] Step (2)

[0018] Preferably, the drying temperature is 60–100°C.

[0019] Preferably, the particle size of the metal powder is 300-800 mesh.

[0020] Step (3)

[0021] Preferably, the alkaline solution is one of NH4OH, NaOH, or KOH aqueous solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-4 mol / L.

[0022] Preferably, the coprecipitation reaction takes 2 to 5 hours.

[0023] Step (4)

[0024] Preferably, the solid iron salt is at least one of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, FeCl3, or Fe2(SO4)3; the concentration of the iron salt solution is 1–3 mol / L.

[0025] Preferably, Ni in the precipitate and Fe in the solid iron salt are added at a mass ratio of NiO to Fe2O3 of 88-95:5-10;

[0026] Preferably, the immersion temperature is 60–80°C and the immersion time is 2–4 hours.

[0027] Preferably, the drying temperature is 100–110°C and the drying time is 10–14 hours.

[0028] Step (5)

[0029] Preferably, the calcination temperature is 500–600°C and the calcination time is 4–6 hours.

[0030] Preferably, the composite catalyst comprises the following components by mass percentage: 88-95% NiO, 5-10% Fe2O3, and 0-5% impurities (such as cobalt).

[0031] Secondly, the present invention provides a catalyst prepared by the above-described preparation method.

[0032] Catalysts with strong anti-carbon deposition ability and high catalytic reforming efficiency were prepared by modifying waste alkaline electrolyzers, so as to realize the catalytic reforming of waste wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas.

[0033] Thirdly, this invention provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich syngas by catalytic pyrolysis of waste wind turbine blades, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Under an inert atmosphere, waste wind turbine blades undergo pyrolysis in the presence of the aforementioned catalyst to obtain hydrogen-rich syngas.

[0035] Preferably, the waste wind turbine blades need to be cut, and the size of the cut blade blocks is 30-60cm × 30-60cm × 80-150cm.

[0036] Preferably, the mass ratio of the catalyst to the waste wind turbine blades is 1:1 to 1:15.

[0037] Preferably, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, the pyrolysis temperature is 400–600°C, the heating rate is 5–15°C / min, and the reaction time is 30–60 min.

[0038] Preferably, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas products include H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, wherein the sum of the volume fractions of H2 and CO is ≥80%.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] 1. This invention provides a catalyst and its preparation method suitable for the catalytic reforming of waste wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas. This catalyst further cracks oligomers in the pyrolysis products of waste wind turbine blades, including a heavy component lightening reaction and a secondary cracking reaction to generate gaseous products, significantly improving the selectivity of the catalytic reaction and achieving a combined H2 and CO volume fraction of over 80 vol.% in the hydrogen-rich syngas.

[0041] 2. The presence of the active component (nickel) generates a large number of strong acid sites on the catalyst surface, leading to an increase in lattice oxygen content, thereby improving catalytic activity and enhancing the breaking of C-C bonds; the active component iron improves the dispersion of nickel, promotes oxygen adsorption and activation, accelerates the oxidation and elimination of carbon deposits, and avoids carbon deposits covering the active sites. Therefore, the catalyst exhibits high catalytic reforming efficiency, anti-carbon deposit ability, and long service life.

[0042] 3. The method and process proposed in this invention are simple and easy to implement, requiring no harsh reaction conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, or vacuum. They have low energy consumption and low cost, truly realizing the efficient resource recycling and utilization of waste wind turbine blades. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples. Unless otherwise specified, the materials in the examples are prepared according to existing methods or purchased directly from the market.

[0046] The discarded alkaline electrolyzers came from decommissioned equipment in a wind-solar hydrogen production project in Inner Mongolia, China.

[0047] The discarded wind turbine blades were taken from a commercial wind power plant in Inner Mongolia, China, and the main beam of the blades was selected.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. The powder was then added to a 2 mol / L NH4OH aqueous solution for a co-precipitation reaction for 3 hours, separating the precipitate. Subsequently, a 2 mol / L Fe(NO3)3·9H2O aqueous solution was added, with Ni in the precipitate and Fe in the solid iron salt added at a mass ratio of NiO to Fe2O3 of 90:10. The mixture was impregnated at 60℃ for 2 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 10℃ for 14 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 500℃ for 4 hours to obtain the 90Ni-10Fe composite catalyst.

[0050] use Figure 1The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst. Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:15. The pyrolysis oil produced by pyrolysis was recovered through a double-layer condenser, and the pyrolysis gas was collected in a gas collection bag after washing and drying. Its composition and relative content were determined by gas chromatography. Nitrogen gas was introduced into the reactor for venting. After the temperature stabilized for 10 min, the temperature was increased to 400℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 81.19 vol.%.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. A 3 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution was added for co-precipitation for 4 hours to separate the precipitate. Then, a 2 mol / L FeCl3 aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 95:5. The mixture was impregnated at 70℃ for 3 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 105℃ for 12 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 500℃ for 5 hours to obtain the 95Ni-5Fe composite catalyst.

[0053] use Figure 1 The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:9. The temperature was raised to 450°C at a rate of 10°C / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min for the catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment of the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 85.29 vol.%.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. The powder was then co-precipitated in a 3 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution for 5 h to separate the precipitate. Subsequently, a 1 mol / L Fe2(SO4)3 aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 95:5. The mixture was impregnated at 80 °C for 3 h and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 105 °C for 14 h to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 550 °C for 5 h to obtain the 95Ni-5Fe composite catalyst.

[0056] use Figure 1The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:8. The temperature was raised to 450℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 85.36 vol.%.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. A 2 mol / L KOH aqueous solution was added for co-precipitation for 4 hours to separate the precipitate. Then, a 3 mol / L Fe(NO3)3·9H2O aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 90:10. The mixture was impregnated at 70℃ for 4 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 110℃ for 10 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 500℃ for 5 hours to obtain the 90Ni-10Fe composite catalyst.

[0059] use Figure 1 The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:7. The temperature was raised to 500℃ at a rate of 12.5℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 86.52 vol.%.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. A 4 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution was added for a co-precipitation reaction for 3 hours, and the precipitate was separated. Then, a 1 mol / L FeCl3 aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 95:5. The mixture was impregnated at 80℃ for 4 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 105℃ for 10 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 600℃ for 4 hours to obtain the 95Ni-5Fe composite catalyst.

[0062] use Figure 1The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:5. The temperature was raised to 500℃ at a rate of 7.5℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 88.57 vol.%.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. The powder was then added to a 3 mol / L NH4OH aqueous solution for a co-precipitation reaction for 5 h, and the precipitate was separated. Subsequently, a 2 mol / L Fe(NO3)3·9H2O aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 90:10. The mixture was impregnated at 80℃ for 2 h and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 105℃ for 12 h to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 550℃ for 4 h to obtain the 90Ni-10Fe composite catalyst.

[0065] use Figure 1 The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:4. The temperature was raised to 550℃ at a rate of 12.5℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 84.61 vol.%.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. The powder was then co-precipitated in a 2 mol / L KOH aqueous solution for 3 hours to separate the precipitate. Subsequently, a 1 mol / L Fe2(SO4)3 aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 95:5. The mixture was impregnated at 60°C for 4 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 100°C for 13 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 5 hours to obtain the 95Ni-5Fe composite catalyst.

[0068] use Figure 1The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a 1:1 mass ratio. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature was increased to 550°C at a rate of 10°C / min and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 89.42 vol.%.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] First, the nickel-based cathode plates from the waste alkaline electrolytic cell were physically separated, dried, and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. A 4 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution was added for a co-precipitation reaction for 3 hours, and the precipitate was separated. Then, a 2 mol / L Fe(NO3)3·9H2O aqueous solution was added at a NiO to Fe2O3 mass ratio of 90:10. The mixture was impregnated at 70℃ for 3 hours and then dried in a conventional forced-air drying oven at 100℃ for 12 hours to obtain the catalyst precursor. The precursor was then calcined in a muffle furnace at 600℃ for 5 hours to obtain the 90Ni-10Fe composite catalyst.

[0071] use Figure 1 The fixed-bed pyrolysis apparatus shown was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared catalyst: Before the reaction, the catalyst and the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the heating zone of the reactor at a mass ratio of 1:8. The temperature was raised to 600℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min under nitrogen atmosphere protection and maintained for 30 min to conduct a catalytic reforming pyrolysis experiment on the waste wind turbine blades. Gas chromatography analysis results showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this example reached 85.35 vol.%.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] Before the reaction, the cut wind turbine blades were placed in the reactor heating zone. The pyrolysis oil produced was recovered through a double-layer condenser, and the pyrolysis gas was collected in a gas collection bag after washing and drying. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature was raised to 500℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, and the reaction was terminated after 30 minutes. The pyrolysis gas was collected using a gas collection bag. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this comparative example were 41.97 vol.%. This comparative example demonstrates that without a catalyst, the volume fractions of H2 and CO recovered in the syngas are far lower than in the example with a catalyst, making it difficult to achieve the goal of high-value recovery of waste wind turbine blades.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that the iron-cobalt alloy anode plate of the waste alkaline electrolytic cell is physically separated, dried and ball-milled to obtain metal powder. Other steps are the same as in Example 1. The iron salt solution is impregnated to make the mass percentages of CoO and Fe2O3 90% and 10% respectively, to obtain the 90Co-10Fe composite catalyst.

[0076] The catalyst performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the volume fractions of H2 and CO in the syngas obtained in this comparative example reached 58.77 vol.%.

[0077] Table 1 lists the relevant process parameters and the volume fraction of H2+CO in the synthesis gas in each embodiment and comparative example. All of them are above 80 vol.%, which proves that the catalyst for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by catalytic reforming of waste wind turbine blades proposed in this invention has excellent recovery effect.

[0078] Table 1. Process parameters and volume fractions of syngas (H2+CO) in the examples and comparative examples.

[0079]

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a catalyst for the catalytic reforming of spent wind turbine blades to produce hydrogen-rich syngas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Physically dismantle, mechanically descale, and clean the waste alkaline electrolytic cell to separate nickel-based cathode plates; (2) The obtained nickel-based cathode plate was dried and ball-milled to obtain metal powder; (3) Add the metal powder to an alkaline solution to carry out a co-precipitation reaction, and separate the precipitate; (4) The precipitate is immersed in an iron salt solution formed by solid iron salt and water, the immersed material is removed and dried to obtain the precursor; (5) The precursor was calcined to obtain the composite catalyst.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste alkaline electrolytic cell mentioned in step (1) is at least one of a nickel-based alkaline electrolytic cell, a noble metal composite electrode alkaline electrolytic cell, and a nickel-iron alloy electrode alkaline electrolytic cell.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature in step (2) is 60-100℃, and the particle size of the metal powder is 300-800 mesh.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkaline solution mentioned in step (3) is one of NH4OH, NaOH, or KOH aqueous solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 2-4 mol / L; the coprecipitation reaction time is 2-5 h.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid iron salt mentioned in step (4) is at least one of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, FeCl3 or Fe2(SO4)3; the concentration of the iron salt solution is 1-3 mol / L; Ni in the precipitate and Fe in the solid iron salt were added at a mass ratio of NiO to Fe2O3 of 88–95:5–10. The immersion temperature is 60–80℃, and the immersion time is 2–4 hours; The drying temperature is 100-110℃, and the drying time is 10-14 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcination temperature in step (5) is 500-600℃ and the calcination time is 4-6h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite catalyst described in step (5) comprises the following components by mass percentage: NiO 88-95%, Fe2O3 5-10%, and impurities 0-5%.

8. A catalyst, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method for preparing hydrogen-rich syngas by catalytic pyrolysis of waste wind turbine blades, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Under an inert atmosphere, waste wind turbine blades undergo pyrolysis in the presence of the aforementioned catalyst to produce hydrogen-rich syngas.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The waste wind turbine blades need to be cut, and the size of the cut blade blocks should be 30-60cm×30-60cm×80-150cm. The mass ratio of catalyst to spent wind turbine blades is 1:1 to 1:15; The inert atmosphere is nitrogen, the pyrolysis temperature is 400-600℃, the heating rate is 5-15℃ / min, and the reaction time is 30-60min. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas products include H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, wherein the sum of the volume fractions of H2 and CO is ≥80%.

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