Swab cotton blowing machine with rotating cotton transmission device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a cotton conveying device and method for a swab blowing cotton machine, and belongs to the technical field of the blowing cotton machine.The cotton conveying device comprises a cotton conveying pipeline, a sensing and adjusting unit arranged on the cotton conveying pipeline, an acoustic sensor closely attached to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipeline, a pair of electrostatic electrode rings fixed to the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipeline, an airflow pulse nozzle penetrating through the wall of the cotton conveying pipeline and pointing to the downstream direction, a pipeline vibration motor fixed to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipeline, and a controller electrically connected with the acoustic sensor, the pair of electrostatic electrode rings, the airflow pulse nozzle and the pipeline vibration motor. The application significantly improves the stability of the cotton conveying process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cotton blowing machine technology, specifically to a cotton rotation transmission device and method for a swab cotton blowing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional cotton blowing machines typically employ open-loop controlled mechanical or pneumatic solutions for their cotton transfer devices. When handling cotton fibers with randomly fluctuating physical properties such as density and humidity, these systems face inherent technical bottlenecks, including poor feed rate consistency and susceptibility to clogging. This leads to unstable product quality, high equipment maintenance costs, and limits further improvements in production efficiency. The fundamental technical challenge lies in how to utilize a deterministic control system to precisely and reliably regulate the highly random process of cotton fiber clump dissociation and transport within a high-speed, non-transparent pipe. Traditional solutions lack real-time, online sensing capabilities of the cotton flow state within the pipe, failing to address this core challenge. Therefore, the core objective of this invention is to research an online characterization method for cotton fiber transport status based on multimodal sensor data fusion, construct a predictive model from state characteristics to clogging trends, and develop a corresponding feedforward adjustment algorithm to achieve dynamic and predictive adjustment of the cotton transfer parameters, thereby fundamentally improving the stability of cotton transport and the system's adaptability.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section above is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cotton-transferring transmission device and method for a swab blower, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention includes:

[0006] Cotton transport pipeline;

[0007] A sensing and regulating unit is disposed in the cotton conveying pipe, the sensing and regulating unit comprising:

[0008] An acoustic sensor is fitted tightly against the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe;

[0009] A pair of electrostatic electrode rings are fixed to the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe;

[0010] An airflow pulse nozzle passes through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe and points downstream;

[0011] A pipe vibration motor is fixed to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe;

[0012] The controller is electrically connected to the acoustic sensor, the paired electrostatic electrode rings, the airflow pulse nozzle, and the pipe vibration motor.

[0013] Preferably, the acoustic sensor is a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which is attached to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe by an acoustic coupling agent.

[0014] Preferably, the paired electrostatic electrode rings are composed of two parallel metal rings, which are fixed in the groove of the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe by insulating material, and their inner surfaces are flush with the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the outlet of the airflow pulse nozzle passes obliquely through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe and is controlled by a high-speed solenoid valve.

[0016] Preferably, the pipe vibration motor is an eccentric wheel vibration motor, and its vibration axis is perpendicular to the axis of the cotton conveying pipe.

[0017] A method for driving the cotton rotation in a swab blower includes:

[0018] The controller acquires the vibration signals of the acoustic sensor in real time to determine the acoustic characteristics characterizing the density and movement pattern of the cotton clusters, and acquires the charge signals of the paired electrostatic electrode rings in real time to determine the electrostatic characteristics characterizing the movement speed and static charge of the cotton clusters.

[0019] The controller fuses the acoustic features with the electrostatic features to construct a composite state fingerprint for characterizing the current cotton flow state.

[0020] The controller classifies the cotton flow state into a preset state type based on the composite state fingerprint, and executes the corresponding preset feedforward adjustment strategy according to the state type;

[0021] If the cotton flow state is a high-density state, then the high-density adjustment strategy is executed, instructing the airflow pulse nozzle to increase the pulse intensity and frequency;

[0022] If the cotton flow is in a potentially sticky or clogged state, a coordinated intervention strategy is implemented, instructing the pipe vibration motor to start high-frequency vibration and coordinating with the airflow pulse nozzle to reduce the airflow pressure.

[0023] Preferably, the step of the controller determining the electrostatic characteristics includes: recording the time difference between the occurrence of two pulse peaks in the charge signal, calculating the movement speed of the cotton clump based on the fixed spacing of the paired electrostatic electrode rings, and evaluating the amount of electrostatic charge of the cotton clump based on the pulse intensity of the charge signal.

[0024] Preferably, the step of the controller determining the acoustic characteristics includes: determining the density of the cotton clump based on the amplitude intensity of the vibration signal; and distinguishing the motion mode of the cotton clump and the inner wall of the pipe as high-frequency friction or low-frequency impact based on the frequency composition of the vibration signal.

[0025] Preferably, after implementing the collaborative intervention strategy, the method further includes: the controller continuously monitoring the vibration signal and the charge signal, and after the signal indicates that the cotton ball has regained its fluidity, instructing the airflow pulse nozzle to return to normal airflow pulse.

[0026] This invention provides an improved cotton-transfer transmission device and method for a swab blower, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. This solution achieves real-time sensing of the cotton fiber flow state through a sensing and adjustment unit installed on the cotton conveying pipeline. The acoustic sensor can determine the density and movement pattern of the cotton clumps, such as high-frequency friction or low-frequency impact, through the amplitude and frequency of the vibration signal. The electrostatic electrode ring can determine the movement speed and static charge of the cotton clumps through the charge signal. The controller integrates this information to form a comprehensive fingerprint of the cotton flow state. This design enables the system to change from passively handling blockages to actively adjusting according to the real-time sensing of the cotton flow state, thereby significantly improving the stability of the cotton conveying process.

[0028] 2. The paired electrostatic electrode rings in this scheme consist of two parallel metal rings fixed to the inner wall of the pipe, with their inner surfaces flush with the inner wall of the pipe, thus avoiding obstruction of material flow. When a cotton clump carrying static electricity passes through these two rings in sequence, a charge pulse is sensed. The controller calculates the speed of the cotton clump by recording the time difference between the two pulse peaks and combining it with the fixed distance between the two electrode rings. At the same time, the controller also analyzes the pulse intensity of the charge signal to assess the amount of static charge on the cotton clump, thereby determining the possibility of it adhering to the pipe wall. This non-contact measurement method provides accurate geometric reference and timing signals, providing reliable data for subsequent speed and static charge calculations.

[0029] 3. When the controller determines that the cotton flow is in a potential adhesion and blockage state, it will execute a coordinated intervention strategy. At this time, the pipe vibration motor starts high-frequency vibration, which converts the excitation force into radial or circumferential vibration of the pipe wall, effectively breaking down the cotton fibers that are stuck to the inner wall of the pipe due to electrostatic adsorption, making them loose. At the same time, the airflow pulse nozzle will reduce the airflow pressure and use a gentler airflow with coordinated vibration to guide the loose cotton clumps downstream, avoiding the possibility that strong airflow may cause the cotton clumps to be re-compacted and adhered again. This synergistic effect of vibration and airflow can efficiently and gently solve the problem of cotton clump adhesion. In addition, the controller will continuously monitor the signal after executing the coordinated intervention. Only after confirming that the cotton clumps have regained fluidity will it instruct the airflow pulse nozzle to resume normal pulse, ensuring the effectiveness of the intervention measures.

[0030] 4. In this design, the airflow pulse nozzle outlet is inclined at a preset acute angle through the pipe wall and points downstream. This inclined design allows the momentum vector of the airflow to be decomposed into a thrust component along the pipe axis and a radial component perpendicular to the axis. By optimizing the acute angle, the axial thrust component can be maximized, thereby more effectively propelling the cotton clump forward, while the radial component is minimized to avoid generating excessive radial turbulence, thus reducing interference with the stability of cotton clump transport. The pipe vibration motor adopts an eccentric wheel vibration motor, whose vibration axis is perpendicular to the axis of the cotton transport pipe, ensuring that the generated excitation force can be effectively converted into radial or circumferential high-frequency vibration of the pipe wall, better overcoming electrostatic adhesion. These optimized actuator designs ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the intervention measures. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of the airflow pulse nozzle and the paired electrostatic electrode rings.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the acoustic sensor and the pipeline vibration motor.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the method of the present invention;

[0036] In the diagram: 100, cotton conveying pipe; 200, sensing and regulating unit; 210, airflow pulse nozzle; 220, acoustic sensor; 230, paired electrostatic electrode rings; 240, pipe vibration motor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0038] Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower, comprising:

[0039] Cotton conveying pipeline 100;

[0040] Sensing and regulating unit 200 is disposed in cotton conveying pipe 100, and the sensing and regulating unit 200 includes:

[0041] Acoustic sensor 220 is closely attached to the outer wall of cotton conveying pipe 100;

[0042] A pair of electrostatic electrode rings 230 are fixed to the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100;

[0043] The airflow pulse nozzle 210 passes through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 and points downstream;

[0044] The pipe vibration motor 240 is fixed to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100;

[0045] The controller is electrically connected to the acoustic sensor 220, the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230, the airflow pulse nozzle 210, and the pipe vibration motor 240.

[0046] In the swab production process, traditional cotton transfer transmission devices often suffer from unstable conveying or even blockage due to fluctuations in cotton humidity and density because they cannot sense the flow state of cotton fibers in the pipeline in real time. This embodiment provides a cotton transfer transmission device for a swab blower, which solves the above problems through a sensing and adjustment unit 200 installed on the cotton conveying pipeline 100. This sensing and adjustment unit 200 integrates an acoustic sensor 220 for state sensing, a pair of electrostatic electrode rings 230, and an airflow pulse nozzle 210 and a pipeline vibration motor 240 for intervention. The controller, as the processing core, establishes an electrical connection with the above components and receives sensor signals. The device can issue control commands and transform from passively handling blockages to actively adjusting based on real-time sensing of cotton flow, thereby improving the stability of the cotton conveying process. The controller can be a Siemens S7-1200 series programmable logic controller, which features high-speed data processing and multiple input / output capabilities. The electrical connections between the controller and various sensors and actuators are designed to ensure reliable transmission of control signals and sensor data. Any connection method that meets the requirements of the industrial environment is protected; for example, a wired connection via a standard shielded cable or an industrial-grade wireless communication module can be used.

[0047] The acoustic sensor 220 is a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which is attached to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 by an acoustic coupling agent.

[0048] The acoustic sensor 220 in this embodiment is specifically a PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The purpose of using this piezoelectric ceramic sheet as the acoustic sensor 220 is to utilize its high sensitivity to weak vibrations. When the cotton clumps move inside the pipe, the collisions and friction with the pipe wall generate high-frequency structural vibrations. To accurately capture this signal, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is tightly attached to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 using an acoustic coupling agent. The acoustic coupling agent eliminates the air gap between the sensor and the outer wall of the pipe, reducing signal attenuation caused by acoustic impedance mismatch, thereby ensuring that the vibration signal can be transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet efficiently and faithfully. This structure allows the controller to obtain clear vibration data, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent judgment of the cotton clump density and movement pattern.

[0049] The paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 consist of two parallel metal rings. The metal rings are fixed in the grooves of the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 by insulating material, and their inner surfaces are flush with the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100.

[0050] In this embodiment, the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 are designed as two parallel metal rings with a fixed spacing along the axial direction of the pipe. This design aims to achieve non-contact measurement of the movement speed of charged cotton clumps. The metal rings are placed in grooves in the inner wall of the pipe, fixed by insulating material, with their inner surfaces flush with the inner wall. This arrangement serves two purposes:

[0051] The flush inner surface ensures the smoothness of the cotton conveying channel, preventing the electrode ring itself from becoming a structure that hinders the flow of materials.

[0052] The fixed spatial distance between the two electrode rings provides a precise geometric reference for the controller to calculate the cluster speed based on the time difference of the signal; when the cotton cluster carrying static electricity passes through the two metal rings in sequence, it will induce charge pulses one after another, providing a timing signal for speed calculation.

[0053] The outlet of the airflow pulse nozzle 210 passes obliquely through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 and is controlled by a high-speed solenoid valve.

[0054] The acute angle is preferably between 15° and 45° to minimize radial turbulence while effectively propelling the cotton clumps forward.

[0055] In this embodiment, the airflow pulse nozzle 210 has its outlet angled at a preset acute angle through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100 and pointing downstream. The purpose of this design is to enable the ejected airflow to generate an effective thrust component along the pipe axis, thus propelling the cotton clumps forward more effectively, rather than generating excessive radial turbulence within the pipe. To achieve precise control of the airflow, the nozzle is controlled by a high-speed solenoid valve, such as an SMCVEX series solenoid valve. The purpose of using a high-speed solenoid valve is to give the controller the ability to quickly open and close the airflow channel, thereby generating precise airflow pulses with adjustable frequency and intensity. This is essential for dealing with the rapidly changing cotton flow state within the pipe, such as when an instantaneous increase in thrust is needed to blow high-density cotton clumps.

[0056] The pipeline vibration motor 240 is an eccentric wheel vibration motor, and its vibration axis is perpendicular to the axis of the cotton conveying pipeline 100.

[0057] The vibration motor needs to be able to provide high-frequency vibration at a frequency of 50-100Hz, and its excitation force should be sufficient to overcome the electrostatic attraction between the cotton clumps and the inner wall of the pipe.

[0058] The pipe vibration motor 240 in this embodiment is specifically a small eccentric wheel vibration motor, such as the KEE-1-2 model vibration motor. This vibration motor is fixed to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe 100, and its vibration axis, i.e., the rotation axis of the eccentric wheel, is perpendicular to the central axis of the cotton conveying pipe 100. This specific installation orientation aims to effectively convert the excitation force generated by the motor into radial or circumferential high-frequency vibration of the pipe wall. This vibration mode can effectively break down cotton fibers that are electrostatically adhered to the inner wall of the pipe, loosening them and allowing them to re-enter the mainstream airflow. Compared to vibration along the pipe axis, vibration perpendicular to the axis is more effective in overcoming electrostatic adhesion. The pipe vibration motor 240, as a power mechanism, can also achieve a similar vibration effect using a small cylinder or hydraulic cylinder in conjunction with a corresponding linkage mechanism. Example 2

[0059] Please see Figure 4 A method for driving a cotton rotation in a swab blower, comprising:

[0060] The controller acquires the vibration signal of the acoustic sensor 220 in real time to determine the acoustic characteristics characterizing the density and movement pattern of the cotton cluster, and acquires the charge signal of the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 in real time to determine the electrostatic characteristics characterizing the movement speed and static charge of the cotton cluster.

[0061] The controller fuses acoustic and electrostatic features to construct a composite state fingerprint that characterizes the current cotton flow state.

[0062] The min-max normalization or Z-score normalization method is used, and clustering algorithms such as K-means are employed to analyze and classify a large amount of sensor data under different cotton flow conditions.

[0063] The controller classifies the cotton flow state into preset state types based on composite state fingerprints, and executes the corresponding preset feedforward adjustment strategy according to the state type;

[0064] If the cotton flow is in a high-density state, a high-density adjustment strategy is executed, instructing the airflow pulse nozzle 210 to increase the pulse intensity and frequency;

[0065] If the cotton flow is in a potential adhesion and blockage state, a coordinated intervention strategy is implemented, instructing the pipe vibration motor 240 to start high-frequency vibration and coordinating with the airflow pulse nozzle 210 to reduce the airflow pressure.

[0066] The controller determines that the cotton flow is in a potential state of adhesion and blockage; it synchronously instructs the pipe vibration motor to start high-frequency vibration and the airflow pulse nozzle to reduce the airflow pressure; after the vibration loosens the cotton clumps, the reduced airflow gently carries them away.

[0067] The core of the cotton transfer method used in this embodiment lies in the active adjustment of the cotton flow through a series of logical steps executed by the controller.

[0068] The controller continuously acquires raw vibration and charge signals from the acoustic sensor 220 and the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 through its data acquisition interface; these signals are processed to generate acoustic and electrostatic features, respectively.

[0069] The controller fuses the feature data from these two different modalities to construct a composite state fingerprint;

[0070] The input to this fusion processing flow is the real-time vibration signal from the acoustic sensor 220 and the real-time charge signal from the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230.

[0071] Step 1: Determine the acoustic characteristics. The controller analyzes the vibration signal of the acoustic sensor 220, determines the density of the cotton clump by the amplitude and intensity of the signal, and distinguishes between high-frequency friction or low-frequency impact motion modes by the frequency composition.

[0072] Step 2: Determine electrostatic characteristics. The controller analyzes the charge signal of the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230. By recording the time difference between the two pulse peaks and combining it with the fixed spacing of the electrode rings, the movement speed of the cotton clump is calculated. At the same time, the amount of electrostatic charge on the cotton clump is evaluated based on the pulse intensity.

[0073] Step 3: Data fusion and fingerprint construction. The controller integrates the acoustic features, density, motion patterns and electrostatic features, velocity and electrostatic charge obtained in Step 1 and Step 2 to form a multi-dimensional data vector that can comprehensively describe the cotton flow state, i.e., a composite state fingerprint.

[0074] The final output of this process is the composite state fingerprint, which is then used by the cotton flow state classification module to trigger the corresponding feedforward adjustment strategy.

[0075] The composite state fingerprint in this invention is a multi-dimensional data point that can more comprehensively describe the physical state of cotton flow. It is formed by constructing a real-time state vector from normalized acoustic features, such as amplitude intensity, and electrostatic features, such as motion velocity and electrostatic charge. The preset state types are determined through extensive experimental calibration and are pre-stored in multiple state space regions in the controller. Each region corresponds to a specific cotton flow state, such as high-density state, potential adhesion and blockage state, etc. This design enables the system to compare the real-time acquired data with known state patterns, thereby achieving accurate classification of cotton flow states.

[0076] This process is not a simple data aggregation, but rather the formation of multidimensional data points that can more comprehensively describe the physical state of cotton flow. One feasible fusion method is to construct a real-time state vector from the normalized acoustic and electrostatic features. For example, the controller can convert the three key parameters—acoustic signal amplitude intensity, representing density and cotton cluster movement speed, and electrostatic charge, representing speed and adhesion tendency—into dimensionless normalized values ​​through a preset mapping relationship. This then forms a three-dimensional state vector. The process of state classification involves comparing this real-time state vector with multiple pre-calibrated state space regions stored in the controller. For example, a high-density state corresponds to... The value is relatively high, and Within a specific area of ​​the normal range; a potential adhesive blockage state corresponds to Continue to rise Significantly decreased and Another specific region with abnormally high levels; by determining which preset region the real-time state vector falls into, the controller can accurately classify the cotton flow state; for example, acoustic features reflect the mass of the clusters, while electrostatic features reflect their speed of movement and adhesion tendency.

[0077] Based on this composite state fingerprint, the controller compares it with the state types preset in the memory to classify the current cotton flow state.

[0078] When the classification result is high density, it indicates that a cotton ball with a large physical size is passing through. To prevent it from stalling, the controller executes a high density adjustment strategy, which sends a command to the high-speed solenoid valve to increase the spray intensity and frequency of the airflow pulse nozzle 210, giving the cotton ball an additional thrust.

[0079] When the classification result indicates a potential adhesion blockage, it means that the highly electrostatically charged cotton clumps are adhering to the pipe wall, potentially causing a blockage. In this case, the controller executes a coordinated intervention strategy, sending a start signal to the pipe vibration motor 240 to break the electrostatic adsorption through physical vibration. At the same time, to prevent the strong airflow from compressing the loosening cotton clumps further, the controller instructs the airflow pulse nozzle 210 to reduce the airflow pressure, using a gentler airflow to carry away the loose cotton clumps.

[0080] The steps for the controller to determine electrostatic characteristics include: recording the time difference between the occurrence of two pulse peaks in the charge signal, calculating the movement speed of the cotton clump based on the fixed spacing of the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230, and evaluating the amount of electrostatic charge on the cotton clump based on the pulse intensity of the charge signal.

[0081] In this embodiment, the controller's internal calculation logic for determining electrostatic characteristics is as follows: The controller uses an internal high-precision timer to mark the moments when the charge signal experiences pulse peaks as it passes through the upstream and downstream electrode rings, respectively. Since the physical fixed spacing between the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 is a known parameter, the controller calculates the time difference between the two moments. The speed of the cotton clump can then be calculated based on the following formula.

[0082]

[0083] in: This represents the speed at which the cotton clumps move. This represents the fixed axial distance between the centers of the two electrostatic electrode rings; The time difference representing the cotton cluster passing the centers of the two electrode rings is represented by... The calculation shows that, among which The time when the upstream electrode ring is passed. The time when the downstream electrode ring is passed; at the same time, the controller will also analyze the peak height of the charge signal pulse or the integral area of ​​the pulse waveform, the magnitude of which is proportional to the amount of static charge carried by the cotton clump.

[0084] The controller uses this value to assess the amount of electrostatic charge on the cotton clumps, thereby determining the likelihood that they will adhere to the tube wall due to electrostatic adsorption.

[0085] The steps for the controller to determine acoustic characteristics include: determining the density of the cotton clumps based on the amplitude and intensity of the vibration signal; and distinguishing the motion mode of the cotton clumps and the inner wall of the pipe as high-frequency friction or low-frequency impact based on the frequency composition of the vibration signal.

[0086] If the signal energy is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band of 20-100Hz, it is judged as low frequency impact; if the signal energy is mainly concentrated in the high frequency band of 500-2000Hz, it is judged as high frequency friction.

[0087] In this embodiment, the controller's internal signal processing logic for determining acoustic characteristics is as follows: The controller analyzes the amplitude of the received vibration signal; the intensity of the signal amplitude is related to the energy of the vibration. Heavier, denser cotton clumps impacting the pipe wall will generate vibrations with greater energy, resulting in a higher signal amplitude; therefore, the controller determines the density of the cotton clumps by the amplitude intensity; in addition, the controller also performs frequency analysis on the signal, for example, by executing a fast Fourier transform algorithm; in the analysis results, if the signal energy is mainly concentrated in the low-frequency band, it usually corresponds to point-like, discrete impact behavior between the cotton clumps and the pipe wall; if the energy is mainly concentrated in the high-frequency band, it corresponds to continuous, linear friction behavior of the cotton clumps on the pipe wall; by distinguishing these two motion modes, the controller can gain a deeper understanding of the material transport pattern inside the pipeline.

[0088] After implementing the collaborative intervention strategy, the method also includes: the controller continuously monitors the vibration signal and charge signal, and after the signal indicates that the cotton ball has regained its fluidity, it instructs the airflow pulse nozzle 210 to return to the normal airflow pulse.

[0089] In this embodiment, the collaborative intervention strategy does not end immediately after execution; the controller continues to continuously monitor the signals from the acoustic sensor 220 and the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230; when the controller observes that the amplitude intensity of the acoustic signal changes from continuous increase to stabilization or decrease, and the signals of the paired electrostatic electrode rings 230 show normal pulse intervals again, it indicates that the cotton ball speed has recovered. These signal changes collectively indicate that the previously adhered cotton ball has loosened and returned to normal flow; only after confirming that the cotton flow has returned to normal will the controller send a stop command to the pipe vibration motor 240 and instruct the airflow pulse nozzle 210 to restore the normal pulse intensity and frequency under this condition; this step ensures the effectiveness of the intervention measures and enables the system to automatically and smoothly return to the normal working state after the problem is solved, avoiding the problem of insufficient or excessive intervention time.

[0090] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cotton-transferring transmission device for a swab blower, characterized in that, include: Cotton conveying pipeline (100); A sensing and regulating unit (200) is disposed in the cotton conveying pipe (100), and the sensing and regulating unit (200) includes: An acoustic sensor (220) is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100); A pair of electrostatic electrode rings (230) are fixed to the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100); An airflow pulse nozzle (210) passes through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100) and points downstream; A pipe vibration motor (240) is fixed to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100); The controller is electrically connected to the acoustic sensor (220), the paired electrostatic electrode rings (230), the airflow pulse nozzle (210), and the pipe vibration motor (240), respectively. The controller collects the vibration signal of the acoustic sensor (220) in real time to determine the acoustic characteristics characterizing the density and movement pattern of the cotton cluster, and collects the charge signal of the paired electrostatic electrode rings (230) in real time to determine the electrostatic characteristics characterizing the movement speed and static charge of the cotton cluster. The controller fuses the acoustic features with the electrostatic features to construct a composite state fingerprint for characterizing the current cotton flow state. The controller classifies the cotton flow state into a preset state type based on the composite state fingerprint, and executes the corresponding preset feedforward adjustment strategy according to the state type; If the cotton flow state is a high-density state, then the high-density adjustment strategy is executed, and the airflow pulse nozzle (210) is instructed to increase the pulse intensity and frequency; If the cotton flow state is a potential adhesion blockage state, a collaborative intervention strategy is executed, instructing the pipe vibration motor (240) to start high-frequency vibration, and instructing the airflow pulse nozzle (210) to reduce the airflow pressure.

2. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic sensor (220) is a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which is attached to the outer wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100) by an acoustic coupling agent.

3. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The paired electrostatic electrode rings (230) consist of two parallel metal rings, which are fixed in the grooves of the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100) by insulating material, and their inner surfaces are flush with the inner wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100).

4. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the airflow pulse nozzle (210) passes obliquely through the wall of the cotton conveying pipe (100) and is controlled by a high-speed solenoid valve.

5. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipeline vibration motor (240) is an eccentric wheel vibration motor, and its vibration axis is perpendicular to the axis of the cotton conveying pipeline (100).

6. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of the controller to determine the electrostatic characteristics include: recording the time difference between the occurrence of two pulse peaks in the charge signal, calculating the movement speed of the cotton clump based on the fixed spacing of the paired electrostatic electrode rings (230), and evaluating the amount of electrostatic charge of the cotton clump based on the pulse intensity of the charge signal.

7. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of the controller in determining the acoustic characteristics include: determining the density of the cotton clump based on the amplitude intensity of the vibration signal; and distinguishing the motion mode of the cotton clump and the inner wall of the pipe as high-frequency friction or low-frequency impact based on the frequency composition of the vibration signal.

8. The cotton-transfer transmission device for a swab blower according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the collaborative intervention strategy is executed, the controller continuously monitors the vibration signal and the charge signal. After the signal indicates that the cotton ball has regained its fluidity, the controller instructs the airflow pulse nozzle (210) to return to the normal airflow pulse.

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