Efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device, and provides a black water anaerobic-aerobic treatment method and device. The method comprises an anaerobic fermentation treatment device and a drawer type constructed wetland treatment device. Practical black water firstly enters the anaerobic fermentation treatment device to remove most of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and refractory organic matters, and the anaerobic fermentation treatment device is provided with a gas flowmeter to constantly monitor the gas generation condition. Effluent enters the drawer type constructed wetland for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and the constructed wetland is simple to operate and has ecological landscape value. According to the combined process, the anaerobic-aerobic efficient treatment effect is achieved by combining the ecological treatment process, separation of biological phases is achieved, anaerobic degradation and aerobic treatment are combined to improve the black water treatment efficiency, and the ecological treatment process is adopted, so that the problem of environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of blackwater treatment, specifically to an anaerobic fermentation device and an ecological treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] Blackwater is primarily composed of water, organic matter, inorganic salts, and microorganisms. It is rich in various nutrients, with fresh feces and urine primarily containing total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and phosphate. Traditional direct discharge methods in toilets result in significant nutrient loss, easily leading to eutrophication and increased energy consumption and costs for pollution control. Sustainable recycling of human-derived nutrients emphasizes resource reuse and minimizing external inputs to the ecosystem. Nutrients in human waste can replace unsustainable fertilizer consumption and ensure low-cost food security by enhancing nutrient access. For example, phosphorus recovered from human excrement can meet approximately 22% of the world's total phosphorus demand; replacing just 5% of nitrogen fertilizer with nitrogen from human excrement could reduce overall electricity consumption in countries like China by 1.5%.

[0003] Septic tanks, as a traditional decentralized process, have long been widely used as simple sanitation facilities in rural areas due to their low construction and operating costs and ease of maintenance. However, due to their simple design, septic tanks typically suffer from poor COD removal capacity and are unable to remove TN and TP. Reports indicate that septic tanks have low COD removal rates, which decrease further with seasonal climate changes and lower temperatures. The rough structure of septic tanks also poses potential risks to human health and safety, as they are poor at eliminating pathogens. Improper operation and management, and insufficient biogas purification, can lead to the risk of poisoning from irritating gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Long-term lack of maintenance of septic tanks can even lead to the fatal danger of biogas explosions. Furthermore, unsatisfactory effluent containing high levels of residual COD, TN, and TP, if discharged into nearby aquatic environments, not only fails to reduce costs and generate benefits for rural wastewater treatment but also causes serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication of rivers and lakes, and the leakage of biogas and other greenhouse gases exacerbates carbon emissions.

[0004] Currently, ecological treatment technology is the most widely used and has excellent environmental protection. It adopts a combination of anaerobic and aerobic methods, removing a large amount of COD under anaerobic conditions and removing nitrogen and phosphorus in artificial wetlands with alternating aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid black water treatment device and method that solves the problems of long treatment cycle, serious odor problem and low treatment efficiency in traditional septic tanks.

[0006] A highly efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device includes an anaerobic fermentation treatment device and a drawer-type artificial wetland treatment device.

[0007] The anaerobic fermentation treatment device has an inverted trapezoidal main structure, and its interior is sequentially divided into a black water inlet zone 1, a main reaction zone 2, a sludge settling buffer zone 3, and an effluent buffer zone 4.

[0008] The black water inlet zone 1 is provided with an inclined plate structure on one side to promote the settling of solid impurities into the sludge settling buffer zone 3. The sludge settling buffer zone 3 is provided with an outlet and flows back to the main reaction zone 2 to realize the recycling of sludge and reaction zone 2. The effluent buffer zone 4 is provided with an inclined plate structure on one side to clarify and settle and improve the clarity of the effluent.

[0009] The drawer-type constructed wetland treatment device includes, in sequence, a constructed wetland inlet 5, a drawer-type constructed wetland area 7, an outlet buffer zone 8, and a wastewater outlet 9;

[0010] The effluent from the anaerobic fermentation treatment device is introduced into the drawer-type constructed wetland area 7 through the constructed wetland inlet 5. The drawer-type constructed wetland area 7 includes multiple detachable wetland modules, which are connected in sequence to form a curved or deflected water flow channel to extend the hydraulic retention time and improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. The effluent buffer zone 8 is equipped with an inclined plate structure to settle residual impurities in the water. The wastewater outlet 9 serves as the final effluent outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the anaerobic reaction zone 2 is provided with a gas collection port, which is connected to a gas detection device for monitoring the anaerobic gas production in the anaerobic reaction zone 2.

[0012] Preferably, the drawer-type constructed wetland 7 further includes an aerobic aeration zone 6, which is connected to the outlet buffer zone 4 through the constructed wetland inlet 5, for further degradation of residual organic matter in the black water effluent and removal of ammonia nitrogen.

[0013] Preferably, the final effluent zone 8 adopts a multi-stage sedimentation structure to further improve the effluent quality.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a highly efficient and rapid method for treating black water from toilets, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step S1: Black water first enters through the black water inlet zone 1. Under the action of the inclined plate, solid impurities settle into the sludge settling buffer zone 3, and some sludge flows back to the main reaction zone 2 to prevent sludge from flowing out.

[0016] Step S2: Anaerobic degradation occurs in the main reaction zone 2, where a large amount of organic matter is decomposed and gas is generated. The gas is discharged through the top collection port and can be measured, thus enabling the monitoring of the anaerobic reaction process.

[0017] Step S3: After sedimentation, buffering and clarification, the effluent enters the effluent buffer zone 4 and the constructed wetland inlet 5 in sequence to achieve fluid connection between the anaerobic effluent and the constructed wetland device;

[0018] Step S4: The effluent enters the aerobic aeration zone 6, where residual organic matter and ammonia nitrogen are further removed under aeration conditions, thereby improving the nitrogen and carbon removal efficiency in the effluent.

[0019] Step S5: Water flows into the drawer-type artificial wetland 7, where multiple detachable modules are connected in sequence to form a baffle channel, extending the hydraulic retention time and achieving deep denitrification and phosphorus removal under the action of microorganisms;

[0020] Step S6: The water flow after wetland treatment enters the effluent buffer zone 8, where residual suspended solids and impurities settle under the action of inclined plates, further improving the clarity of the effluent;

[0021] Step S7: The water that has been clarified in the effluent buffer zone 8 is finally discharged from the sewage outlet 9, resulting in clear and high-quality purified water.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency and rapid toilet black water treatment device provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The serial numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0026] 1. Black water inlet zone; 2. Main reaction zone; 3. Sludge settling buffer zone; 4. Effluent buffer zone; 5. Constructed wetland inlet; 6. Aerobic aeration zone; 7. Drawer-type constructed wetland zone; 8. Effluent buffer zone; 9. Wastewater outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency and rapid toilet black water treatment device, including an anaerobic fermentation treatment device and a drawer-type artificial wetland treatment device.

[0029] The anaerobic fermentation treatment device includes an inverted trapezoidal main structure, which is divided into a black water inlet zone 1, a main reaction zone 2, a sludge settling buffer zone 3, and an effluent buffer zone 4, which are connected in sequence.

[0030] Black water inlet zone 1 is located on one side of the main structure and is used to introduce black water. One side of it adopts an inclined plate structure for solid impurities to settle to the sludge area on the right. The bottom opening of the other side is connected to the main reaction zone 2.

[0031] The main reaction zone 2, located between the black water inlet zone 1 and the sludge settling buffer zone 3, is used for anaerobic degradation treatment. Here, the sludge anaerobically decomposes a large amount of organic matter and generates gas.

[0032] Furthermore, the anaerobic reaction zone 2 is equipped with a gas collection port, which is connected to a gas detection device to monitor the anaerobic gas production in the anaerobic reaction zone 2.

[0033] The sludge settling buffer zone 3 has an opening at the top on one side that connects to the main reaction zone 2 for effluent sludge settling. It also has an outlet on the right side to allow some sludge to flow back to the main reaction zone 2, preventing sludge from flowing out with the water. The bottom opening on the other side connects to the effluent buffer zone 4. Figure 1 In the middle, the water flows back to the black water inlet zone 1 through the outlet buffer zone 4 for circulation, and its purpose is also to enter the main reaction zone 2 through the black water inlet zone 1.

[0034] The effluent buffer zone 4 is located on the other side of the main structure. One side of it adopts an inclined plate structure to clarify sedimentation and improve the clarity of the effluent.

[0035] The drawer-type constructed wetland treatment device includes a constructed wetland inlet 5, an aerobic aeration zone 6, a drawer-type constructed wetland zone 7, an effluent buffer zone 8, and a wastewater outlet 9, which are connected in sequence.

[0036] The aerobic aeration zone 6 is connected to the effluent buffer zone 4 through the artificial wetland inlet 5, and the effluent from the anaerobic fermentation treatment device is introduced to further degrade the residual organic matter in the black water effluent, while removing pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen.

[0037] The drawer-type artificial wetland area 7 includes multiple detachable modules, each with notches at both ends. The modules are connected in sequence, forming a baffled S-shaped water flow channel through the notches, thereby extending the hydraulic retention time and achieving nitrogen and phosphorus removal.

[0038] The outlet buffer zone 8 is located on one side of the drawer-type artificial wetland area 7. One side of it adopts an inclined plate structure to settle impurities in the water.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the effluent buffer zone 8 adopts a multi-stage sedimentation structure to further improve the effluent water quality.

[0040] Wastewater outlet 9 serves as the final outlet for discharging purified wastewater.

[0041] In addition, this embodiment also provides a highly efficient and rapid method for treating black water from toilets, the steps of which are as follows:

[0042] Step S1: Black water first enters through the black water inlet zone 1. Under the action of the inclined plate, solid impurities settle into the sludge settling buffer zone 3, and some sludge flows back to the main reaction zone 2 to prevent sludge from flowing out.

[0043] Step S2: Anaerobic degradation occurs in the main reaction zone 2, where a large amount of organic matter is decomposed and gas is generated. The gas is discharged through the top collection port and can be measured, thus enabling the monitoring of the anaerobic reaction process.

[0044] Step S3: After sedimentation, buffering and clarification, the effluent enters the effluent buffer zone 4 and the constructed wetland inlet 5 in sequence to achieve fluid connection between the anaerobic effluent and the constructed wetland device;

[0045] Step S4: The effluent enters the aerobic aeration zone 6, where residual organic matter and ammonia nitrogen are further removed under aeration conditions, thereby improving the nitrogen and carbon removal efficiency in the effluent.

[0046] Step S5: Water flows into the drawer-type artificial wetland 7, where multiple detachable modules are connected in sequence to form a baffle channel, extending the hydraulic retention time and achieving deep denitrification and phosphorus removal under the action of microorganisms;

[0047] Step S6: The water flow after wetland treatment enters the effluent buffer zone 8, where residual suspended solids and impurities settle under the action of inclined plates, further improving the clarity of the effluent;

[0048] Step S7: The water that has been clarified in the effluent buffer zone 8 is finally discharged from the sewage outlet 9, resulting in clear and high-quality purified water.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and rapid toilet black water treatment device, characterized in that, This includes anaerobic fermentation treatment devices and drawer-type constructed wetland treatment devices; The anaerobic fermentation treatment device has an inverted trapezoidal main structure, and is divided into a black water inlet zone (1), a main reaction zone (2), a sludge settling buffer zone (3), and an effluent buffer zone (4) in sequence. The black water inlet zone (1) is provided with an inclined plate structure on one side to promote the settling of solid impurities into the sludge settling buffer zone (3). The sludge settling buffer zone (3) is provided with an outlet and flows back to the main reaction zone (2) to realize the recycling of sludge and reaction zone (2). The effluent buffer zone (4) is provided with an inclined plate structure on one side to clarify and settle and improve the clarity of the effluent. The drawer-type constructed wetland treatment device includes, in sequence, a constructed wetland inlet (5), a drawer-type constructed wetland area (7), an outlet buffer zone (8), and a sewage outlet (9); The effluent from the anaerobic fermentation treatment device is introduced into the drawer-type artificial wetland area (7) through the artificial wetland inlet (5). The drawer-type artificial wetland area (7) includes multiple detachable wetland modules. The wetland modules are connected in sequence to form a curved or deflected water flow channel, which is used to extend the hydraulic retention time and improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. The effluent buffer zone (8) is equipped with an inclined plate structure for settling residual impurities in the water. The sewage outlet (9) serves as the final effluent outlet.

2. The efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic reaction zone (2) is equipped with a gas collection port, which is connected to a gas detection device to monitor the anaerobic gas production in the anaerobic reaction zone (2).

3. The efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drawer-type artificial wetland (7) also includes an aerobic aeration zone (6), which is connected to the outlet buffer zone (4) through the artificial wetland inlet (5) to further degrade residual organic matter in the black water effluent and remove ammonia nitrogen.

4. The efficient and rapid toilet black water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effluent buffer zone (8) adopts a multi-stage sedimentation structure to further improve the effluent quality.

5. A highly efficient and rapid method for treating black wastewater from toilets according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Black water first enters through the black water inlet zone (1). Under the action of the inclined plate, solid impurities settle into the sludge settling buffer zone (3), and some sludge flows back to the main reaction zone (2) to avoid sludge outflow. Step S2: Anaerobic degradation takes place in the main reaction zone (2), where a large amount of organic matter is decomposed and gas is generated. The gas is discharged through the top collection port and can be measured, thus enabling the monitoring of the anaerobic reaction process. Step S3: After settling, buffering and clarification, the effluent enters the effluent buffer zone (4) and the artificial wetland inlet (5) in sequence to achieve fluid connection between the anaerobic effluent and the artificial wetland device; Step S4: The effluent enters the aerobic aeration zone (6), where residual organic matter and ammonia nitrogen are further removed under aeration conditions, thereby improving the nitrogen and carbon removal efficiency in the effluent. Step S5: Water flows into the drawer-type artificial wetland (7), where multiple detachable modules are connected in sequence to form a baffle channel, extending the hydraulic retention time and achieving deep denitrification and phosphorus removal under the action of microorganisms; Step S6: The water flow after wetland treatment enters the effluent buffer zone (8), where residual suspended solids and impurities settle under the action of the inclined plate, further improving the clarity of the effluent; Step S7: After being clarified in the effluent buffer zone (8), the water is finally discharged from the sewage outlet (9), resulting in clear and high-quality purified effluent.

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