A highly efficient and controllable ice damage method combining arrayed jet and mechanical impact

Abstract

This application provides a highly efficient and controllable ice damage method that combines array jet and mechanical impact, comprising the following steps: S1: moving to the target ice damage location and defining the target ice damage range; S2: adjusting the position of the high-pressure jet array and the mechanical impact points according to the ice damage range; S3: continuously impacting and eroding the ice material with the high-pressure jet array to create array-distributed jet defects; S4: applying mechanical impact to the target area of ​​the ice material to generate outward radial cracks, which connect multiple jet defects and guide multiple jet defects to generate circumferential cracks, accelerating the bending failure of the ice material; S5: checking the degree of ice material fragmentation within the target range; if not completely fragmented, repeating step S4; S6: continuously operating the moving platform, repeating steps S1 to S5. This application, by utilizing the circumferential cracks generated by the combined action of jet damage and mechanical impact, can precisely control the damage range and degree of ice material, achieving precise ice breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ice damage technology, and in particular to a highly efficient and controllable ice damage method that combines array jet and mechanical impact. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, research on ice damage has deepened, placing higher demands on the efficiency, safety, and controllability of ice damage equipment. Lightweighting, rapid deployment, and controllability are inevitable development trends for ice damage equipment. However, existing impact and blasting ice damage technologies require significant human and material resources, resulting in low efficiency, poor controllability, and low safety, making it difficult to meet engineering needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need in engineering for a highly adaptable, agile, efficient, safe, and controllable ice damage method.

[0003] High-pressure jetting is a novel efficiency-enhancing method that is highly efficient, adaptable, and environmentally friendly. It has high energy density, strong directionality, and high controllability. Its high-speed impact force and forced convection heat transfer have multiple ice damage mechanisms, including impact, erosion, and melting, resulting in very high ice damage efficiency. It can be widely used in the field of ice damage.

[0004] At present, when high-pressure jets are used for ice damage, the efficiency of ice damage still depends on the array layout, layout density, and jet pressure of the high-pressure jets, which has certain limitations. Furthermore, the range and degree of ice material damage are affected by random defects developed inside the ice material, making it impossible to predict and control them accurately. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations in ice damage efficiency and the difficulty in precise control when using high-pressure jets alone for ice damage operations, this application provides a highly efficient and controllable ice damage method that combines array jets and mechanical impact.

[0006] This application provides a highly efficient and controllable ice damage method that combines arrayed jets and mechanical impact, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A highly efficient and controllable ice damage method combining arrayed jets and mechanical impact includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Move to the target location of ice damage and define the target range of ice damage;

[0009] S2: Adjust the position of the high-pressure jet array and the mechanical impact point according to the ice damage range;

[0010] S3: Using a high-pressure jet array to continuously impact and erode ice materials, creating array-distributed jet defects;

[0011] S4: Mechanical impact is applied to the target area of ​​the ice material to generate radial cracks that radiate outward. These radial cracks connect multiple jet defects and guide multiple jet defects to generate circumferential cracks, thereby accelerating the bending failure of the ice material.

[0012] S5: Check the degree of breakage of the ice material in the target area. If it is not completely broken, repeat step S4.

[0013] S6: Move to the next target location and repeat steps S1 to S5.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the array arrangement and spacing of the high-pressure jets are related to the expected shape of the ice material damage and failure and the application environment. The array jet points are distributed along the expected shape of the damage and failure, centered on the contact position, and distributed at fixed angles along the polar axis.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-pressure jet points are spaced at an angle of no more than 60°, and their array is symmetrical along the center, with points required at the boundary corners.

[0016] Furthermore, the circumferential cracks generated in step S4 include, but are not limited to, circular circumferential cracks, and encompass various polygonal closed shapes centered on the mechanical impact contact point.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S4, the mechanical impact occurs no earlier than the high-pressure jet creates a jet defect, and the timing of the mechanical impact is set according to the thickness of the target ice material and the diameter of the expected ice damage target range.

[0018] Furthermore, when the target ice material thickness is less than 10cm, mechanical impact can be performed simultaneously with the high-pressure jet to create defects;

[0019] When the target ice material is thicker than 10cm, mechanical impact can be performed multiple times during the high-pressure jet defect manufacturing process.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the jet equalization chamber of the high-pressure jet array is composed of a rigid high-pressure loop. The loop inlet is connected to a booster water pump through a high-pressure hose. The loop is equipped with multiple nozzle interfaces to accommodate jet nozzles of different types and sizes.

[0021] Furthermore, the jet nozzle is a Venturi cavitation nozzle, a self-excited oscillating nozzle, or a mixed abrasive gemstone nozzle.

[0022] Furthermore, the high-pressure jet array is suitable for handling both flooded and non-flooded environments, and the high-pressure jet array creates ice material defects that occur on the ground or below the water surface.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the mechanical impact is either a gravity-driven form of free fall or a displacement-controlled form of mechanical drive.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. This invention fully utilizes the high-energy focusing properties of high-pressure jets. The jets have high energy density and strong directionality, exerting mechanical-fluid-temperature effects on ice materials, including impact, erosion, and forced convection heat transfer. This results in very high damage efficiency to ice materials and facilitates rapid and easy creation of defects. Compared to mechanical drilling methods, this invention offers advantages such as high speed, no moving parts in the jet system, high efficiency, low failure rate, high reliability, and continuous stable operation.

[0026] 2. In this invention, array jets and various extensions of jet forms are considered. Array jets are beneficial for forming distributed local defects, increasing the defect manufacturing rate of jets, reducing the strength of ice materials, and improving ice damage efficiency. Extending multiple types of jet forms can cope with various complex environments.

[0027] 3. In this invention, jet damage is coupled with mechanical impact, and stress concentration effect is utilized to effectively control and guide the generation of complex branched radial cracks and circumferential cracks, optimize the failure mode of ice materials, and significantly improve ice damage efficiency. Furthermore, the circumferential cracks generated by jet damage combined with mechanical impact can precisely control the damage range and degree of ice materials, achieving precise ice breaking. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of efficient and controllable ice damage through jet and mechanical synergy in this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the failure principle of ice materials in this invention, where defects guide crack development; a represents pure mechanical impact, and b represents the combined effect of mechanical impact and high-pressure jet.

[0032] Figure 4The array arrangement and spacing setting scheme of the high-pressure jet in this invention are as follows: a) the array spacing angle is 60°, b) the array spacing angle is 45°, c) the closed shape of the array is triangular, and d) the closed shape of the array is rectangular.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of array jet coordinated mechanical impact ice damage in this invention; a is triggered by high-pressure jet after mechanical impact, and b is triggered synchronously by high-pressure jet and mechanical impact.

[0034] Figure 6 This describes the workflow for array jet coordinated mechanical impact ice damage in this invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Mechanical impact head; 2. Electric winch; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Equalizing injection chamber; 5. High-pressure jet; 6. Controllable platform; 7. Moving platform; 8. Ice material. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0038] Reference Figures 1-6 This application discloses a highly efficient and controllable ice damage method that combines array jet and mechanical impact, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1: Move to the target location of ice damage and define the target range of ice damage;

[0040] S2: Adjust the position of the high-pressure jet array 5 and the mechanical impact point according to the ice damage range; wherein, the high-pressure jet array 5 forms a closed shape, and the mechanical impact point is located at the center of the closed shape;

[0041] S3: High-pressure jet array 5 continuously impacts and erodes ice material 8 to create array-distributed jet defects;

[0042] S4: Mechanical impact is applied to the target area of ​​ice material 8 to generate radial cracks that radiate outward. These radial cracks connect multiple jet defects and guide multiple jet defects to generate circumferential cracks, thereby accelerating the bending failure of ice material 8.

[0043] S5: Check the degree of breakage of ice material 8 in the target area. If it is not completely broken, repeat step S4.

[0044] S6: Move to the next target location and repeat steps S1 to S5.

[0045] Therefore, by coupling jet damage with mechanical impact and utilizing stress concentration effect, it is possible to effectively control and guide the generation of complex branched radial and circumferential cracks, optimize the failure mode of ice material 8, and significantly improve ice damage efficiency. Furthermore, by using the circumferential cracks generated by jet damage with mechanical impact, the damage range and degree of ice material 8 can be precisely controlled, achieving precise ice breaking.

[0046] Specifically, the system involved in this controllable ice damage method includes a mechanical impact head 1. The mechanical impact head 1 can be any preferred mechanical structure with impact strength, and the impact mode of the mechanical impact head 1 is either a gravity-driven free-fall mode or a displacement-controlled mechanically driven mode. The working process of the mechanical impact head 1 will now be described in a common application scenario. It should be noted that this common implementation scheme should not be used as the basis for determining the essential features for understanding the technical problem claimed to be solved in this application; it is merely an example. For example, if a free-fall mode is used, a controllable platform 6 is arranged, and an electric winch 2 is installed on the controllable platform 6, with the mechanical impact head 1 suspended on the steel cable of the electric winch 2; if a mechanically driven mode is used, a mobile platform 7 is arranged, and a hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed on the mobile platform 7, with the mechanical impact head 1 mounted on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 3. The free-fall mode is only suitable for ice damage operations above the ice material 8, while the mechanically driven mode can perform ice damage operations above and below the ice material 8, and is particularly suitable for submerged environments of the ice material 8.

[0047] In addition, the system also includes a jet equalization chamber 4, which is composed of a rigid high-pressure loop. The loop has multiple arrayed jet injection points, each equipped with a nozzle interface to accommodate different types and sizes of jet nozzles. These nozzles can be Venturi cavitation nozzles, self-excited oscillating nozzles, or abrasive-mixed gemstone nozzles, etc., to handle different target distances and ice material thicknesses. Specifically, Venturi cavitation nozzles are suitable for ice materials less than 10cm thick, creating wide defect apertures; self-excited oscillating nozzles are suitable for ice materials 10-15cm thick, with fast erosion speeds and a tendency to form cracks near defects; abrasive-mixed gemstone nozzles are suitable for deep aperture scenarios with thicknesses greater than 15cm, offering strong erosion capabilities and fast erosion speeds. The loop inlet is connected to a booster pump via a high-pressure hose. The high-pressure jet 5, through the jet nozzles at the injection points, forms a controllable array of high-pressure jets 5, which continuously strike, impact, and melt the ice material 8.

[0048] Furthermore, the arrayed high-pressure jets 5 are suitable for handling both submerged and non-submerged environments, and the defects in the ice material 8 produced by the high-pressure jets 5 can occur both on land and underwater. The land-based solution adopts a free-fall type, with the mechanical impact head 1, electric winch 2, and jet equalization chamber 4 mounted on a controllable platform 6; the underwater solution adopts a displacement-controlled type, with the mechanical impact head 1, jet equalization chamber 4 mounted on a moving platform 7.

[0049] The principle of efficient and controllable ice damage through jet and mechanical synergy, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, to simplify the physical process, a polar coordinate section is used. A vertical load is applied to the distal end of the jet damage defect. The stresses above the neutral plane are decomposable radial and circumferential tensile stresses, and the stresses below the neutral plane are decomposable radial and circumferential compressive stresses. The stresses on the upper and lower surfaces are at their maximum values, while those at the neutral plane are zero. At the defect location, the ice material 8 exhibits circumferential discontinuity with the contact point as the polar coordinate origin. This forced distortion of the stress distribution leads to circumferential stress concentration, causing preferential failure and fracture at the defect location, resulting in radial cracks. Similarly, during mechanical impact, the ice material 8 undergoes vertical flexural deformation, generating radial tensile stress on the contact surface. Due to the radial discontinuity at the defect location with the contact point as the polar coordinate origin, the forced distortion of the stress distribution leads to radial stress concentration, making it more prone to initial circumferential cracks distributed tangentially.

[0050] Pure mechanical impact and defect-guided crack propagation are examples of eight failure pairs in ice materials. Figure 3 As shown, after a single mechanical impact head 1 impacts ice material 8, the damage cracks extend radially outward from the impact contact center, forming a main radial crack. At this point, the ice material 8 with radial cracks indicates initial damage, but not complete failure. Complete failure requires a portion of the ice material 8 to detach completely from the body, necessitating significant relative displacement. Due to the limitations of an infinitely large continuum, material failure and detachment methods include shearing, crushing peeling, and bending failure. For ice material 8 supported by water, shearing and crushing peeling are extremely difficult, and conventional mechanical impact heads 1 are insufficient to perform ice damage actions. Figure 3 As shown in Figure a.

[0051] In contrast, when a high-pressure jet 5 is used to strike, impact, and melt ice material 8 to create a circular deep hole defect, the ice material 8, under the action of water hammer pressure and thermal stress, can generate initial crack damage around the deep hole, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the left side diagram of b. At this point, the mechanical impact head 1 continues to trigger the impact on the ice material 8. Under the impact, a stress response is generated. The ice material 8 absorbs the impact kinetic energy and generates a circumferential stress response, producing radial cracks radiating outward from the center. At the defect location, the material is circumferentially discontinuous with the contact point as the origin of the polar coordinates. The stress distribution is forced to distort, resulting in circumferential stress concentration. The defect location will preferentially fail and fracture, connecting with the radial cracks radiating outward from the center, as shown in the diagram. Figure 3As shown in the right side of figure b. Similarly, during the mechanical impact, the ice material 8 undergoes flexural deformation along the vertical direction, generating radial tensile stress on the contact surface. Due to the radial discontinuity of the material at the defect location with the contact location as the origin of the polar coordinates, the stress distribution is forced to be distorted, resulting in radial stress concentration. This manifests as circumferential cracks connecting the array of defects. The damage to the ice material 8 is upgraded from traditional compression and shear failure to bending failure along the circumferential cracks. Moreover, the failure location and the damage location overlap spatially, controlling the damage failure range of the ice material 8.

[0052] In addition, the array arrangement and spacing setting scheme of the high-pressure jet 5 are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the array arrangement and spacing of the high-pressure jets 5 are related to the expected damage and failure shape of the ice material 8 and the application environment. First, the jet points are distributed along the expected damage and failure shape. Taking circular damage failure as an example, they are distributed at fixed angles along the polar axis, centered on the contact point. However, due to the random defects developed within the ice material 8 in engineering, these defects can become dominant crack paths during damage. Furthermore, the radial stress decreases rapidly with distance from the contact center, limiting the controllable range of ice damage failure. This is related to the radius and impact strength of the mechanical impact head 1. The closer the load application points are and the larger the defect diameter, the more significant the stress concentration effect. Therefore, the jet array spacing angle should not exceed 60°, and the array form should be symmetrical around the center. Points must be placed at the boundary corners to conform to the minimum crack propagation energy path, such as... Figure 4 In particular, when dealing with ice material 8 in a non-submerged environment, a free-fall impact driving method is adopted. Because the water beneath the ice material 8 acts as an elastic support, the failure load will be higher than in submerged environments. Therefore, the density of the array jet point spacing should be appropriately increased, such as... Figure 4 c in the text.

[0053] Furthermore, based on engineering requirements, the anticipated damage failure area includes, but is not limited to, circular shapes, encompassing various polygonal closed shapes centered on the mechanical impact contact point, such as triangles. Figure 4 c) Rectangle ( Figure 4 In addition to d), all of these must adhere to the principles of array spacing angle not exceeding 60°, array form being symmetrical along the center, points being set at boundary corners, and conforming to the principle of minimum crack propagation energy path.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown: The array jet-coordinated mechanical impact ice damage in this invention has two working modes, including:

[0055] The first type, such as Figure 5 As shown in the left and right diagrams of a, the jet damages the pre-fabricated defects of ice material 8, and the mechanical impact head 1 subsequently impacts the ice material 8.

[0056] The second type, such as Figure 5 As shown in Figure b, the jet damage synchronous mechanical impact head 1 impacts the ice material 8. The timing of the impact can be switched according to the thickness of the target ice material 8 and the expected damage diameter parameters.

[0057] Specifically, a high-pressure jet 5 is ejected through the jet equalization chamber 4 to continuously impact and erode the ice material 8, creating defects in the ice material 8. The mechanical impact head can be triggered simultaneously or sequentially to impact the ice material 8. For example, when the target ice material 8 is thin, such as less than 10 cm thick, the high-pressure jet 5 can cause significant damage instantly and initiate jet-induced cracks. In this case, the mechanical impact head can be triggered simultaneously with the jet-induced defect to achieve rapid damage in a single strike. In particular, when the target ice material 8 is thick and the target damage diameter is large, the mechanical impact head 1 can be triggered multiple times during the jet-induced defect process to address the problems of low efficiency and poor controllability in traditional methods. For example, if the ice material thickness is 10–15 cm, a pre-existing defect needs to be created before impact; if the ice material thickness is 15–30 cm, multiple impacts after pre-existing defects are required. Furthermore, the above method is applicable to ice materials no thicker than 30 cm.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and controllable ice damage method combining arrayed jets and mechanical impact, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Move to the target location of ice damage and define the target range of ice damage; S2: Adjust the position of the high-pressure jet array and the mechanical impact point according to the ice damage range; S3: A high-pressure jet array continuously impacts and erodes the ice material, creating array-distributed jet defects. The array arrangement and spacing of the high-pressure jets are related to the expected damage and failure shape of the ice material and the application environment. The array jet points are distributed along the expected damage and failure shape, centered on the mechanical impact point, and distributed at fixed angles along the polar axis. The interval angle between the high-pressure jet points is no greater than 60°, and the array form is symmetrical along the center. Points must be set at the boundary corners. The high-pressure jet array forms a closed shape, and the mechanical impact point is located at the center of this closed shape. S4: Mechanical impact is applied to the target area of ​​the ice material to generate radial cracks that radiate outward. These radial cracks connect multiple jet defects and guide multiple jet defects to generate circumferential cracks, thereby accelerating the bending failure of the ice material. S5: Check the degree of breakage of the ice material in the target area. If it is not completely broken, repeat step S4. S6: Move to the next target location and repeat steps S1 to S5.

2. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential cracks generated in step S4 include, but are not limited to, circular circumferential cracks, and encompass various polygonal closed shapes centered on the mechanical impact contact point.

3. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the synergistic combination of array jet and mechanical impact according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, In step S4, the mechanical impact occurs no earlier than the high-pressure jet creates a jet defect, and the timing of the mechanical impact is set according to the thickness of the target ice material and the diameter of the expected ice damage target range.

4. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the thickness of the target ice material is less than 10cm, mechanical impact and the high-pressure jet manufacturing defect are carried out simultaneously. When the target ice material is thicker than 10cm, mechanical impact is performed multiple times during the high-pressure jet manufacturing of defects.

5. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the jet equalization chamber of the high-pressure jet array is composed of a rigid high-pressure loop. The loop inlet is connected to a booster water pump through a high-pressure hose. The loop is equipped with multiple nozzle interfaces to accommodate jet nozzles of different types and sizes.

6. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The jet nozzle is a Venturi cavitation nozzle, a self-excited oscillating nozzle, or a sand-mixed abrasive gemstone nozzle.

7. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The high-pressure jet array is suitable for handling both flooded and non-flooded environments, and the high-pressure jet array produces ice material defects that occur on the ground or below the water surface.

8. The method for efficient and controllable ice damage through the combined use of array jet and mechanical impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the mechanical impact is either a gravity-driven form of free fall or a displacement-controlled form of mechanical drive.

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