Method and equipment for detecting quinolone and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediment

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for detecting quinolone and sulfonamide antibiotics in soil and sediment.The equipment comprises a shell and a working mechanism, a working area is formed on the surface of part of the shell, a conveying structure is arranged at the bottom of the working area, at least two reaction positions are arranged beside the conveying structure, and an extraction cup is placed on the conveying structure; the shell is provided with a lifting platform above the working area; the working mechanism comprises a grinding assembly, a liquid injection assembly, a stirring assembly and a liquid transferring assembly which are sequentially arranged on the lifting table, the conveying structure drives the extraction cup to sequentially pass through the lower portions of the assemblies, the grinding assembly can add sediment samples and grind the sediment samples into the extraction cup, and the liquid injection assembly can inject extraction liquid into the extraction cup; the stirring assembly is used for stirring liquid in the extraction cup, and the liquid transferring assembly is used for transferring the liquid in the extraction cup to a reaction position for reaction. According to the technical scheme, the quinolone and the sulfonamide antibiotics in the sediment can be rapidly detected, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antibiotic detection technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments. Background Technology

[0002] Antibiotics are a class of substances synthesized by microorganisms or artificially, capable of inhibiting or killing other microorganisms. They are widely used in the treatment of human diseases, livestock and poultry farming, and aquaculture. 25%-75% of antibiotics used on livestock and poultry are excreted in feces as parent drugs, directly entering the soil through agricultural manure. These antibiotics have a long residual time, and residual antibiotics in the environment may accumulate through the food chain or pollute water sources, threatening ecosystem health, exacerbating bacterial resistance, and ultimately affecting human safety. However, current detection methods are generally cumbersome, costly, and dependent on large instruments, limiting their application in grassroots monitoring and large-scale screening. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, which is designed to rapidly detect quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, and is simple to operate and low in cost.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, comprising: The housing has a working area formed on a portion of its surface. A conveying structure is provided at the bottom of the working area. At least two reaction sites are provided on the side of the conveying structure. An extraction cup is placed on the conveying structure. A lifting platform is provided above the working area of ​​the housing. The working mechanism includes a grinding component, a liquid injection component, a stirring component, and a pipetting component sequentially arranged on the lifting platform. The conveying structure drives the extraction cup to pass under the grinding component, the liquid injection component, the stirring component, and the pipetting component in sequence. The grinding component can add sediment samples and grind them into the extraction cup. The liquid injection component can inject the extract into the extraction cup. The stirring component stirs the liquid in the extraction cup. The pipetting component transfers the liquid in the extraction cup to the reaction site for reaction.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the grinding assembly includes a grinding chamber, a grinding head, and a driving member. The grinding head is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber, and the surface of the grinding head is provided with a plurality of grinding teeth. The driving member is connected to the grinding head, and the bottom of the grinding chamber is provided with a plurality of powder outlets.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the liquid injection assembly includes a liquid storage chamber, an electrically controlled valve, and an injection tube. The liquid storage chamber is used to hold the extract, and an outlet is opened at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber. The electrically controlled valve is located at the outlet, and the injection tube is connected to the electrically controlled valve.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the top of the lifting platform has a placement opening corresponding to the grinding chamber and the liquid storage chamber.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the pipetting assembly includes an electric pipette and a telescopic member. The electric pipette has two pipette tips spaced apart. The telescopic member is connected to the electric pipette and drives it to reciprocate, so that the electric pipette can move from the extraction cup to the reaction site to dispense liquid.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the two reaction sites are respectively provided with a sulfadiazine detection reagent and a quinolone detection reagent.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the housing is hinged with a transparent protective cover at a position corresponding to the working area.

[0011] This invention also proposes a method for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, comprising the detection equipment for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments as described above, wherein the method includes: S1: Place the sample to be tested into the grinding chamber, start the grinding assembly, grind the sample and let it enter the extraction cup; S2: Inject acetonitrile or EDTA solution into the storage chamber, and inject it quantitatively into the extraction cup according to the preset parameters of the electronically controlled valve; S3: Start the stirring assembly to stir the solution in the extraction cup; S4: Add enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine solutions to the two reaction sites respectively, start the pipetting assembly, aspirate the solution from the extraction cup and add it to the reaction sites to carry out the reaction.

[0012] This invention achieves rapid and accurate detection of quinolones and sulfonamides in sediments through a fully automated design. It integrates grinding, injection, stirring, and pipetting functions to automatically process samples, avoiding human error. The dual-reaction site design allows for simultaneous detection of sulfonamides and quinolones, significantly improving detection efficiency. It can be adapted to more antibiotic detection needs by adding reaction sites or changing reagents, making it suitable for various scenarios such as environmental monitoring and food safety. The electric pipette, combined with a telescopic mechanism, enables quantitative liquid transfer, achieving precise control and high sensitivity. It is simple to operate and has low production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Shell; 11. Working area; 111. Conveying structure; 112. Extraction cup; 12. Reaction position; 13. Lifting platform; 131. Placement port; 14. Transparent protective cover; 2. Grinding assembly; 21. Grinding chamber; 211. Powder outlet; 22. Grinding head; 221. Grinding teeth; 23. Drive component; 3. Liquid injection assembly; 31. Liquid storage chamber; 32. Electrically controlled valve; 33. Liquid injection tube; 4. Stirring assembly; 5. Pipetting assembly; 51. Electric pipette; 511. Pipette tip; 52. Telescopic component.

[0016] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0018] Reference Figures 1 to 3This invention proposes a detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, comprising a housing 1 and a working mechanism. A working area 11 is formed on a portion of the surface of the housing 1. A conveying structure 111 is provided at the bottom of the working area 11. At least two reaction sites 12 are provided beside the conveying structure 111. An extraction cup 112 is placed on the conveying structure 111. A lifting platform 13 is provided above the working area 11 of the housing 1. The working mechanism includes a grinding component 2, a liquid injection component 3, a stirring component 4, and a pipetting component 5 arranged sequentially on the lifting platform 13. The conveying structure 111 drives the extraction cup 112 to pass under the grinding component 2, the liquid injection component 3, the stirring component 4, and the pipetting component 5 in sequence. The grinding component 2 can add sediment samples and grind them into the extraction cup 112. The liquid injection component 3 can inject the extract into the extraction cup 112. The stirring component 4 can stir the liquid in the extraction cup 112. The pipetting component 5 can transfer the liquid in the extraction cup 112 to the reaction site 12 for reaction.

[0019] Understandably, the housing 1 is the outer frame of the device, with a working area 11 at the bottom. A conveyor structure 111 is located at the bottom of the working area 11 and is used to move the extraction cup 112. The extraction cup 112 is a container for holding the sample. The conveyor structure 111 can be a conveyor belt, a moving guide rail, or other structures; in this example, it is a conveyor belt. Reaction positions 12 are located beside the conveyor structure 111, and at least two are provided. These are used to complete detection reactions, such as colorimetric reactions and incubation reactions. Containers are provided on the reaction positions 12 to hold reaction reagents for the reaction to proceed.

[0020] The lifting platform 13 is located above the working area 11 and can move up and down. It integrates multiple functional components and can be raised and lowered via hydraulic rods, electric telescopic rods, or other structures. The following components are installed on the lifting platform 13 in sequence: a grinding component, a liquid injection component, a stirring component, and a pipetting component. The extraction cup 112 moves sequentially below each component via the conveyor structure 111 to complete the operation: the grinding component 2 grinds and crushes sediment samples such as soil and sludge before adding them to the extraction cup 112, ensuring sample homogenization and improving subsequent extraction efficiency; the liquid injection component 3 injects extraction liquid, such as acetonitrile / EDTA buffer, into the extraction cup 112 to dissolve the target antibiotic, enabling precise control of liquid volume; the stirring component 4 mixes the sample and extraction liquid, accelerating antibiotic dissolution, avoiding cross-contamination, and ensuring sufficient contact; the pipetting component 5 transfers the extracted liquid to the reaction site 12 for subsequent detection, such as colorimetric reactions and incubation reactions, achieving high-precision pipetting and preventing leakage.

[0021] First, the sediment is placed into the grinding component 2, crushed, and then falls into the extraction cup 112. Next, the liquid injection component 3 adds a specific solvent, and the stirring component 4 promotes the release of the target substance (quinolone / sulfonamide antibiotic) into the liquid phase. The pipetting component 5 aspirates the supernatant to the reaction site 12 for detection, such as ELISA or colorimetric detection.

[0022] This embodiment achieves process connection through the conveyor structure 111 and the lifting platform 13, reducing manual intervention; each component can be independently optimized, such as changing the extraction solution formula or changing the stirring speed; the multi-reaction site 12 design supports parallel processing of multiple samples; it can be applied to the rapid detection of antibiotic residues in river and farmland sediments; and it replaces cumbersome steps such as manual grinding and centrifugation.

[0023] Reference Figures 2 to 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the grinding assembly 2 includes a grinding chamber 21, a grinding head 22 and a driving member 23. The grinding head 22 is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber 21 and a plurality of grinding teeth 221 are provided on the surface of the grinding head 22. The driving member 23 is connected to the grinding head 22 and a plurality of powder outlets 211 are provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber 21.

[0024] Understandably, the grinding assembly 2 is used to pulverize the sediment sample into fine particles for subsequent extraction. The grinding chamber 21 is used to contain the sediment sample to be ground and provide grinding space. The powder outlet 211 is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber 21. The ground fine particles fall into the extraction cup 112 below through this outlet. The powder outlet 211 can be equipped with a sieve or filter as needed to control the particle size.

[0025] The grinding head 22 rotates under the drive of the drive unit 23. Its surface is provided with a toothed structure that mates with the wall of the grinding chamber 21, forming a highly efficient shearing and extrusion action. The toothed design can be serrated, corrugated, or raised to improve the crushing efficiency and break down the sample. The grinding head 22 is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber 21, close to the powder outlet 211, to ensure that the powder is discharged smoothly after grinding. The drive unit 23 provides power to drive the grinding head 22 to rotate, and can be a stepper motor, servo motor, or other device.

[0026] First, place the sediment into the grinding chamber 21, close the top cover to prevent splashing, start grinding, the drive component 23 drives the grinding head 22 to rotate, interacting with the grinding teeth 221 on the chamber wall to crush the sample, fine particles fall into the extraction cup 112 through the bottom powder outlet 211, and large particles continue to be ground. After grinding is completed, the grinding head 22 stops working.

[0027] Reference Figures 2 to 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid injection assembly 3 includes a liquid storage chamber 31, an electric control valve 32 and an injection pipe 33. The liquid storage chamber 31 is used to hold the extract liquid. The bottom of the liquid storage chamber 31 has an outlet. The electric control valve 32 is located at the outlet. The injection pipe 33 is connected to the electric control valve 32.

[0028] Understandably, the function of the injection assembly 3 is to automatically and precisely add extraction solution to the extraction cup 112, helping to dissolve and extract quinolone and sulfonamide antibiotics from the sediment. The reservoir 31 stores the pre-prepared extraction solution and has an outlet at the bottom from which the liquid flows out. The electrically controlled valve 32 is installed at the outlet of the reservoir 31, acting as an automatic switch controlled by the equipment's control system. It opens when liquid needs to be added and closes immediately afterward to ensure no leakage or overfilling. The injection tube 33 is connected below the electrically controlled valve 32, accurately guiding the extraction solution into the extraction cup 112. Its narrow opening allows for precise control of the liquid flow, preventing spillage.

[0029] When the extraction cup 112 containing the sediment moves below the injection assembly 3, the device issues a command, and the electronically controlled valve 32 opens. The extractant in the storage chamber 31 flows into the extraction cup 112 through the injection tube 33. After the preset amount is added, the electronically controlled valve 32 immediately closes, stopping the addition. This avoids human error; machine addition is more precise than manual addition, reducing operational variations. The sealed storage chamber 31 and electronically controlled valve 32 design prevent solvent evaporation or external contamination.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the top of the lifting platform 13 is provided with a placement port 131 corresponding to the grinding chamber 21 and the liquid storage chamber 31.

[0031] Understandably, the placement port 131 at the top of the lifting platform 13 is a sample and reagent delivery channel. Deposited samples are added to the grinding chamber 21 through this port, or extraction liquid is added to the storage chamber 31. A closable lid, such as a rotating or sliding lid, can be fitted to the top to prevent foreign objects from entering and contaminating the chamber. Furthermore, the lid can be equipped with a silicone gasket or magnetic seal to ensure no leakage of volatile solvents. Opening the lid allows for direct cleaning of the chamber interior or removal of blockages, facilitating maintenance.

[0032] Reference Figures 2 to 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the pipetting assembly 5 includes an electric pipette 51 and a telescopic member 52. The electric pipette 51 has two pipette tips 511 arranged at intervals. The telescopic member 52 is connected to the electric pipette 51 and drives it to move back and forth so that the electric pipette 51 moves from the extraction cup 112 to the reaction position 12 to dispense liquid.

[0033] Understandably, the function of the pipetting assembly 5 is to automatically transfer liquid, precisely transporting the mixed liquid in the extraction cup 112 to the reaction station 12 for detection. The electric pipette 51 has two pipette tips 511 arranged side by side, which can work simultaneously. The aspiration and dispensing of liquid are controlled by a precision electric pump to ensure that the amount transferred each time is consistent. The pipette tips 511 adopt an anti-adhesion design to avoid cross-contamination caused by liquid residue.

[0034] The telescopic component 52 is connected to the side of the pipette and moves the pipette like a robotic arm. During operation, the pipette tip 511 is first moved above the extraction cup 112, the lifting platform 13 is lowered, the pipette tip 511 is inserted into the extraction cup 112 to draw liquid, and after it is full, the lifting platform 13 is raised. The telescopic component 52 moves the pipette tip 511 horizontally above the reaction position 12 and injects the liquid into the detection tank of the reaction position 12.

[0035] Reference Figures 2 to 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the two reaction sites 12 are respectively provided with sulfadiazine detection reagent and quinolone detection reagent.

[0036] Understandably, one reaction site 12 is dedicated to sulfadiazine detection and is pre-loaded with sulfonamide-specific reagents, such as Bratton-Marshall chromogenic reagent; the other reaction site 12 is dedicated to quinolone detection and is pre-loaded with quinolone-characteristic reaction reagents, such as Al³⁺-fluorescent complexing agent. The extract is evenly injected into the two reaction sites 12 via pipette 511. The reagents are mixed and allowed to react fully with the target analyte. After waiting for the reaction to complete, the signal can be read; for example, the absorbance at the sulfonamide site is measured colorimetrically, and the emission intensity at the quinolone site is measured fluorescence.

[0037] This embodiment can simultaneously perform rapid screening of two types of antibiotics, physically isolating the two reaction sites 12 to avoid reagent interference. Furthermore, if more types need to be detected, reaction sites 12 can be added.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a transparent protective cover 14 is hinged to the housing 1 at the position corresponding to the working area 11.

[0039] Understandably, the transparent protective cover 14 enables visual monitoring, allowing laboratory personnel to directly observe key operational processes such as grinding, liquid injection, and stirring; it prevents dust diffusion during high-speed grinding or organic solvent volatilization from polluting the laboratory environment; it allows for quick opening to handle abnormalities and facilitates cleaning and maintenance.

[0040] This invention also proposes a method for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, using the detection equipment for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments as described above. The method includes: S1: Place the sample to be tested into the grinding chamber, start the grinding assembly, grind the sample and let it enter the extraction cup; S2: Inject acetonitrile or EDTA solution into the storage chamber, and inject it quantitatively into the extraction cup according to the preset parameters of the electronically controlled valve; S3: Start the stirring assembly to stir the solution in the extraction cup; S4: Add enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine solutions to the two reaction sites respectively, start the pipetting assembly, aspirate the solution from the extraction cup and add it to the reaction sites to carry out the reaction.

[0041] This method is applied to the detection equipment for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments described above. The specific structure of the detection equipment for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments is as described in the above embodiments. Since this method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0042] This invention achieves rapid and accurate detection of quinolones and sulfonamides in sediments through a fully automated design. It integrates grinding, injection, stirring, and pipetting functions to automatically process samples, avoiding human error. The dual-reaction site design allows for simultaneous detection of sulfonamides and quinolones, significantly improving detection efficiency. It can be adapted to more antibiotic detection needs by adding reaction sites or changing reagents, making it suitable for various scenarios such as environmental monitoring and food safety. The electric pipette, combined with a telescopic mechanism, enables quantitative liquid transfer, achieving precise control and high sensitivity. It is simple to operate and has low production costs.

[0043] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, characterized in that, include: The shell (1) has a working area (11) formed on a part of its surface. A conveying structure (111) is provided at the bottom of the working area (11). At least two reaction sites (12) are provided on the side of the conveying structure (111). An extraction cup (112) is placed on the conveying structure (111). A lifting platform (13) is provided above the working area (11) of the shell (1). The working mechanism includes a grinding component (2), a liquid injection component (3), a stirring component (4), and a pipetting component (5) arranged sequentially on the lifting platform (13). The conveying structure (111) drives the extraction cup (112) to pass under the grinding component (2), the liquid injection component (3), the stirring component (4), and the pipetting component (5) in sequence. The grinding component (2) can add sediment samples and grind them into the extraction cup (112). The liquid injection component (3) can inject the extract into the extraction cup (112). The stirring component (4) stirs the liquid in the extraction cup (112). The pipetting component (5) moves the liquid in the extraction cup (112) to the reaction site (12) for reaction.

2. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding assembly (2) includes a grinding chamber (21), a grinding head (22) and a driving member (23). The grinding head (22) is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber (21), and the surface of the grinding head (22) is provided with a plurality of grinding teeth (221). The driving member (23) is connected to the grinding head (22), and the bottom of the grinding chamber (21) is provided with a plurality of powder outlets (211).

3. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid injection assembly (3) includes a liquid storage chamber (31), an electric control valve (32), and a liquid injection tube (33). The liquid storage chamber (31) is used to hold the extract. The bottom of the liquid storage chamber (31) has a liquid outlet. The electric control valve (32) is located at the liquid outlet. The liquid injection tube (33) is connected to the electric control valve (32).

4. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the lifting platform (13) has a placement port (131) corresponding to the grinding chamber (21) and the liquid storage chamber (31).

5. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipetting assembly (5) includes an electric pipette (51) and a telescopic member (52). The electric pipette (51) has two pipette tips (511) arranged at intervals. The telescopic member (52) is connected to the electric pipette (51) and drives it to move back and forth so that the electric pipette (51) can move to the reaction position (12) to dispense liquid after taking liquid from the extraction cup (112).

6. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two reaction sites (12) are respectively provided with sulfadiazine detection reagent and quinolone detection reagent.

7. The detection device for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is hinged with a transparent protective cover (14) at a position corresponding to the working area (11).

8. A method for detecting quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments, comprising the detection equipment for quinolones and sulfonamide antibiotics in sediments as described in claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises: S1: Place the sample to be tested into the grinding chamber, start the grinding assembly, grind the sample and let it enter the extraction cup; S2: Inject acetonitrile or EDTA solution into the storage chamber, and inject it quantitatively into the extraction cup according to the preset parameters of the electronically controlled valve; S3: Start the stirring assembly to stir the solution in the extraction cup; S4: Add enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine solutions to the two reaction sites respectively, start the pipetting assembly, aspirate the solution from the extraction cup and add it to the reaction sites to carry out the reaction.

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