Folding and super hybrid lens, camera module and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a refraction and super hybrid lens, a camera module and terminal equipment. The refraction and super hybrid lens comprises a plurality of lenses which are sequentially arranged from an object plane to an image plane along an optical axis; wherein at least one lens is a metasurface lens, and the other lenses are non-metasurface lenses. On the premise that the focal length and the F number are ensured, the number of lenses, the total TTL optical length, the overall size and the manufacturing cost are remarkably reduced, so that an optical system with a large view field and a low F value is constructed, the optical performance is improved, and miniaturization and lightweight design is achieved. Besides, achromatism is effectively realized by utilizing the negative dispersion characteristic of the metasurface lens, so that the high-resolution imaging effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of visible light photography technology, and in particular to a hybrid lens, camera module, and terminal device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, visible light mobile front-facing imaging technology primarily relies on the 380-750nm visible spectrum to achieve image acquisition, supporting high-definition image capture and real-time video interaction capabilities in smartphones. With the widespread adoption of smart terminal devices and the rapid development of the mobile internet ecosystem, front-facing imaging modules have become a core component of mobile devices, with applications covering diverse needs such as selfies, video communication, online live streaming, and social interaction. As users' demands for mobile image quality continue to rise, front-facing lens technology has achieved breakthroughs in areas such as increased pixel density, optimized low-light imaging, fast focusing mechanisms, and image stabilization. Combined with artificial intelligence algorithms, modern front-facing lens systems further integrate intelligent functions such as biometric recognition, dynamic expression tracking, and augmented reality interaction, significantly expanding the dimensions and application value of human-computer interaction. In the trend towards compact design of mobile devices, the space utilization rate of optical modules directly restricts the industrial design level and functional integration capabilities of terminal products.

[0003] Metasurfaces, as subwavelength-thickness artificial microstructure materials, achieve precise control of the light field through periodically arranged micro- and nano-units. This technology boasts strong manufacturing process compatibility, enabling large-scale production using standardized processes such as photolithography and physical vapor deposition, resulting in high cost-effectiveness. By reverse-engineering and optimizing microstructure parameters, metasurfaces can accurately reconstruct the target light field distribution characteristics, overcoming the physical limitations of traditional optical components. In the field of mobile imaging, the integrated application of metasurface technology has dual revolutionary value: firstly, it significantly reduces the space occupation and overall weight of optical modules, providing key technical support for overcoming the thickness bottleneck in terminal devices; secondly, it can integrate complex optical functions (such as chromatic aberration compensation and wide field-of-view imaging), improving system optical performance while reducing the number of traditional lenses.

[0004] Existing technologies employ an innovative hybrid refractive-metasurface architecture, effectively overcoming the performance limitations of single optical systems through the synergistic effect of metasurfaces and traditional refractive elements. This architecture utilizes the wavefront manipulation capabilities of metasurfaces to achieve optical path compression and functional integration, achieving equivalent long optical path optical characteristics within a limited physical space. This design strategy can reduce the axial dimension of the lens and, through structural innovation, overcomes the volume constraints of traditional optical systems, thus better meeting the stringent requirements of miniaturized optical modules in mobile devices. However, how to combine metasurface lenses with traditional refractive lenses in a combined design to achieve better optical performance and smaller size remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hybrid lens, camera module, and terminal device, aiming to solve the problem of how to optimize the combination design of metasurface lenses and traditional lenses to achieve better optical performance and smaller size.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: providing a hybrid refractive-hypersurface lens, comprising a plurality of lenses arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; wherein at least one lens is a metasurface lens, and the remaining lenses are non-metasurface lenses;

[0007] The aforementioned hybrid lens satisfies:

[0008] Wherein, MIC represents the maximum image circle of the hybrid lens, Fno represents the aperture number, EFL represents the focal length, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and TTL represents the distance from the center of the optical axis of the object side of the first lens closest to the object plane in the hybrid lens to the image plane.

[0009] Furthermore, the superconducting lens includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane;

[0010] Among them, one of the first lens, second lens, third lens, fourth lens and fifth lens is a metasurface lens, and the remaining lenses are extended aspherical lenses.

[0011] Furthermore, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all extended aspherical lenses; the fifth lens is a metasurface lens.

[0012] The first lens has negative optical power, the object side of the first lens is convex, and the image side of the first lens is concave.

[0013] The second lens has positive optical power, the object side of the second lens is concave, and the image side of the second lens is convex.

[0014] The third lens has positive optical power, the object side of the third lens is a crescent-shaped concave surface, and the image side of the third lens is a convex surface;

[0015] The fourth lens has negative optical power; the object side of the fourth lens is a concave surface with a central convex region, and the image side of the fourth lens is a convex surface with a central concave region.

[0016] The fifth lens has positive optical power, the object side of the fifth lens is a plane, and the image side of the fifth lens is a binary plane; microstructures are arranged on the image side of the fifth lens.

[0017] Furthermore, the object-side surface of the first lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the first lens has a positive radius of curvature.

[0018] The object-side surface of the second lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the second lens has a negative radius of curvature.

[0019] The object-side surface of the third lens has a negative radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the third lens has a negative radius of curvature.

[0020] The central region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the edge region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens has a negative radius of curvature; the central region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens has a negative radius of curvature, and the edge region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens has a positive radius of curvature.

[0021] Furthermore, the distance TTL from the optical axis center on the side of the first lens to the image plane satisfies:

[0022] Furthermore, the material of the fifth lens is silicon dioxide or silicon nitride; the thickness of the fifth lens ranges from 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are made of plastic or glass.

[0024] Furthermore, the hyper-refractive lens also includes:

[0025] The aperture stop is located on the object side of the first lens, or in the optical path between the first lens and the second lens, or in the optical path between the second lens and the third lens.

[0026] Furthermore, the focal length f of the hybrid lens satisfies: f ≥ 2.2 mm.

[0027] Furthermore, the diagonal field of view (FOV) of the superconducting lens satisfies: FOV ≥ 90.9°.

[0028] Furthermore, the distance TTL from the center of the optical axis on the object side of the first lens of the superconducting lens to the image plane is greater than 2.81 mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the superconducting lens satisfies the following condition: 0.5 < EPD < 0.9°.

[0030] This invention also provides a camera module, including the superconducting lens described above.

[0031] This invention also provides a terminal device, including the camera module described above.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] While maintaining the focal length and F-number, the number of lenses, total TTL optical length, overall size, and manufacturing cost were significantly reduced, resulting in an optical system with a large field of view and a low F-number. This not only improved optical performance but also achieved a miniaturized and lightweight design. Furthermore, by utilizing the negative dispersion characteristics of metasurface lenses, achromatic aberration was effectively achieved, resulting in high-resolution imaging. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a folding-hybrid lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modulation curve of a superconducting lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the diffusion spot of a superconducting lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative illumination of a hyperrefractive lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of the markings in the image:

[0040] 110. First lens; 120. Second lens; 130. Third lens; 140. Fourth lens; 150. Fifth lens; 160. Imaging plane; 170. Aperture stop. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0043] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0044] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a hybrid refractive-metasurface lens, comprising a plurality of lenses arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; wherein at least one lens is a metasurface lens;

[0046] Hybrid lenses satisfy:

[0047] Wherein, MIC represents the maximum image circle of the hybrid lens, Fno represents the aperture number, EFL represents the focal length, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and TTL represents the distance from the center of the optical axis of the object side of the first lens closest to the object plane in the hybrid lens to the image plane.

[0048] In this embodiment, the interaction of the parameters in the above formula defines the feasible range of the optical system. The parameter range (0.48 to 1.17) comprehensively balances the relationship between the focal length, aperture number, total optical length and field of view of the lens. Within this range, it can ensure that the hybrid lens achieves a focal length of more than 2.2mm and a large field of view of 90° in a compact volume, while avoiding the degradation of image quality due to parameter imbalance.

[0049] In this embodiment, an innovative hybrid refractive-hypersurface architecture combining metasurface lenses and non-metasurface lenses (i.e., traditional refractive lenses) is employed. Through the synergistic effect of these two lenses, the performance limitations of a single optical system are effectively overcome. This hybrid architecture utilizes the wavefront manipulation capability of metasurface lenses to achieve optical path compression and functional integration, achieving equivalent long optical path characteristics within a limited physical space, significantly reducing the volume and size of the optical system. This makes this technology highly promising for applications in fields with increasing demands for miniaturization and integration, such as smartphones, wearable devices, and miniature cameras.

[0050] This embodiment significantly reduces the number of lenses, total TTL optical length, overall size, and manufacturing cost while ensuring focal length and F-number (aperture number), thereby constructing an optical system with a large field of view and low F-number. This not only improves optical performance but also achieves miniaturization and lightweight design. Furthermore, by utilizing the negative dispersion characteristics of metasurface lenses, achromatic aberration is effectively achieved, resulting in high-resolution imaging.

[0051] In one embodiment, the hybrid lens includes a first lens 110, a second lens 120, a third lens 130, a fourth lens 140, and a fifth lens 150 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; wherein, one of the first lens 110, the second lens 120, the third lens 130, the fourth lens 140, and the fifth lens 150 is a metasurface lens, and the remaining lenses are extended aspherical lenses.

[0052] In this embodiment, the metasurface lens consists of a substrate and microstructures disposed on the substrate. These microstructures are composed of a subwavelength-scale micro / nano unit array, each with a specific shape, size, and arrangement to achieve precise control over the phase, amplitude, or polarization state of the incident light wave. Specifically, the period of the micro / nano unit structure ranges from 250-400 nm, preferably 350 nm; the height ranges from 600-1000 nm, preferably 600 nm; the diameter of the micro / nano unit structure covers 100-250 nm, the material is silicon dioxide, and they are arranged in square, hexagonal, or other shapes. Through the design of the micro / nano unit structure, the metasurface lens can achieve optical performance comparable to or even better than traditional lenses while maintaining a thin and light volume, such as high transmittance, low chromatic aberration, and low distortion.

[0053] In this embodiment, the extended aspherical lenses are made of traditional optical materials, such as glass or plastic, and their surfaces are precisely machined to form aspherical shapes to achieve focusing or diverging of light. These extended aspherical lenses, combined with metasurface lenses, can fully leverage their respective advantages to further enhance the optical performance of the hybrid folding-hybrid lens. For example, compared to ordinary spherical lenses, extended aspherical lenses can more flexibly adjust surface curvature, which can compensate to some extent for the minor errors that may exist in metasurface lenses and the aberrations of ordinary spherical lenses. This reduces the number of lenses and optimizes light convergence, improving image quality within a limited space and making the overall optical performance of the hybrid folding-hybrid lens more stable and superior. Furthermore, the materials used for each extended aspherical lens are preferably plastic, which has high plasticity and processing flexibility, meeting the design requirements of various complex shapes. Moreover, plastic is lighter than glass, helping to reduce the overall weight of the hybrid folding-hybrid lens.

[0054] In this embodiment, under the arrangement of the five lenses as described above, the distance TTL from the optical axis center of the object side of the first lens 110 to the image plane satisfies: Hybrid lenses within this range enable a more compact and lightweight design while maintaining sufficient image quality and field of view. Furthermore, this TTL range also considers the adaptability of hybrid lenses in various application scenarios, ensuring they deliver clear images under different lighting conditions and shooting distances.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments, the first lens 110, the second lens 120, the third lens 130 and the fourth lens 140 are all extended aspherical lenses; the fifth lens 150 is a metasurface lens.

[0056] The first lens 110 has negative optical power, the object side of the first lens 110 is convex and has a positive radius of curvature, and the image side of the first lens 110 is concave and has a positive radius of curvature.

[0057] The second lens 120 has positive optical power, the object side of the second lens 120 is concave and has a positive radius of curvature, and the image side of the second lens 120 is convex and has a negative radius of curvature.

[0058] The third lens 130 has positive optical power, the object side of the third lens 130 is a crescent-shaped concave surface with a negative radius of curvature, and the image side of the third lens 130 is a convex surface with a negative radius of curvature.

[0059] The fourth lens 140 has negative optical power; the object-side surface of the fourth lens 140 is a concave surface with a central convex region, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens 140 is a convex surface with a central concave region; the central region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens 140 has a positive radius of curvature, and the edge region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens 140 has a negative radius of curvature; the central region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens 140 has a negative radius of curvature, and the edge region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens 140 has a positive radius of curvature.

[0060] The fifth lens 150 has positive optical power, the object side of the fifth lens 150 is a plane, and the image side of the fifth lens 150 is a binary plane; microstructures are arranged on the image side of the fifth lens 150.

[0061] In this preferred embodiment, by combining different lenses and designing the surface shape and optical power of each lens, good imaging effect and optical performance can be achieved. Specifically, the planar shape and different curvature distribution of the object side and image side can achieve a reasonable distribution of the optical power of the lens and effectively balance aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, and distortion. More specifically, the negative optical power of the first lens 110 helps to correct wide-angle distortion, making the image more realistic; the positive optical power of the second lens 120 enhances the image clarity in the central area, while its biconvex design helps to converge light and improve image brightness; the crescent-shaped concave surface of the third lens 130 can effectively reduce dispersion and improve color reproduction; the complex curved surface design of the fourth lens 140 further optimizes aberration correction, making the image edges clearer and the details richer; and the fifth lens 150, as a metasurface lens, with its planar object side and binary image side design, as well as the arrangement of microstructures, gives the lens unique diffractive optical characteristics, further improving the resolution and contrast of the image. In summary, the lens combination design in this preferred embodiment achieves superior optical performance and imaging effects through precise optical calculations and surface shape optimization. Furthermore, the material of the fifth lens 150 can be silicon dioxide or silicon nitride, etc.; the thickness of the fifth lens 150 ranges from 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

[0062] In one embodiment, the superconducting lens further includes an aperture stop 170, which is located on the object side of the first lens 110, or in the optical path between the first lens 110 and the second lens 120, or in the optical path between the second lens 120 and the third lens 130.

[0063] In this embodiment, the design of the aperture 170 helps control the path of light through the lens, reducing stray light interference and thus improving image quality. The position of the aperture 170 can be adjusted according to actual needs to achieve the best imaging effect. When the aperture 170 is located on the object side of the first lens 110, it can effectively limit the angle of light entering the lens and reduce interference from edge light. When the aperture 170 is located in the optical path between the lenses, it can more finely control the light distribution between different lenses, further optimizing imaging performance.

[0064] In this embodiment, the specific position of the aperture stop 170 can be any of the following configurations: (a) located in front of the object side of the first lens 110, and at a distance of 0.1TTL±0.05TTL from the vertex of the first lens 110; (b) located between the first lens 110 and the second lens 120, and close to the image side of the first lens 110; (c) located between the second lens 120 and the third lens 130, and close to the image side of the second lens 120. Preferably, the aperture stop 170 is configured at position (a) to control the incident light cone angle and suppress off-axis aberration.

[0065] Understandably, the primary function of aperture 170 is to intercept and limit light. The aperture of the light beam will vary depending on the location. By appropriately adjusting the size of aperture 170, the same aperture 170 effect can be achieved in different positions.

[0066] Based on the above scheme, the focal length f of the super-refractory lens satisfies: f≥2.2mm.

[0067] Based on the above scheme, the diagonal field of view (FOV) of the superconducting hybrid lens meets the requirement: FOV ≥ 90.9°.

[0068] Based on the above scheme, the distance TTL from the center of the optical axis on the object side of the first lens closest to the object plane in the superconducting lens to the image plane is greater than 2.81mm.

[0069] Based on the above scheme, the entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the superconducting lens satisfies: 0.5 < EPD < 0.9°.

[0070] The following will provide a more detailed description of the lens optical parameter data based on the preferred embodiments described in the examples above. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the hybrid lens includes an aperture stop 170, a first lens 110, a second lens 120, a third lens 130, a fourth lens 140, a fifth lens 150, and an imaging plane 160 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. The fifth lens 150 is a metasurface lens, and the other lenses are extended aspherical lenses made of plastic. The incident light enters through the object side of the aperture stop 170, passes through the first lens 110, and then passes through the second lens 120, the third lens 130, the fourth lens 140, and the fifth lens 150 in sequence before finally converging on the imaging plane 160.

[0071] The optical parameters of this hybrid lens can be found in the example in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1

[0073]

[0074] In Table 1, the surface numbers are assigned according to the surface sequence of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents aperture 170, surface numbers 2 and 3 represent the object side and image side of the first lens 110, and so on, with the final surface number 12 representing the imaging surface 160. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the lens surface. A positive value indicates that the surface bends towards the image surface, and a negative value indicates that the surface bends towards the object surface. "Standard" represents the standard surface, "Extended sphere" represents the extended aspherical surface, "Binary2" represents the binary surface, and "Infinity" indicates that the surface is flat. The spacing represents the central axial distance from the current surface to the next surface. The units for both the radius of curvature and the spacing are millimeters (mm). The aperture represents the effective light transmission diameter of the lens at each position.

[0075] The surface shape of each extended aspherical lens satisfies the following equation:

[0076]

[0077] Where z represents the distance of the extended aspherical surface from its vertex along the optical axis, r represents the height from the optical axis, c represents the curvature 1 / R, R represents the radius of curvature at the vertex of the lens, k represents the conic coefficient, Ai represents the aspherical surface higher-order coefficient, and ρ represents the normalized radial coordinate.

[0078] The conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficient Ai of each extended aspherical lens are shown in Table 2 below.

[0079] Table 2

[0080]

[0081] In Table 2, -0.425 represents the specific value of the conic coefficient k for face number 2, -0.078 represents the specific value of the coefficient A3 for face number 2, and so on.

[0082] The metasurface phase of the fifth lens 150 (i.e., the metasurface lens) can be referenced from the example in Table 3.

[0083] Table 3

[0084]

[0085] In Table 3, R1 represents the normalized radius of the binary surface of the metasurface lens, and B2 to B9 represent the coefficients of the metasurface phase.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the focal length f satisfies the following relationship with the entrance pupil diameter (EPD) and the maximum image circle: The following conditions must be met between the total length (TTL) of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter (EPD):

[0087] The preferred embodiment of this example provides a hybrid lens with a working wavelength of 470-650nm, an F-number of 2.29, a focal length of 2.23mm, and a maximum field of view (FOV) of 90.9°, which meets the requirements for lens use.

[0088] Figure 2 The modulation curve of the hyperspectral hybrid lens provided in this embodiment of the invention at a frequency of 100 line pairs per millimeter is smooth, has high values, and the evaluation value of the edge field of view is close to 30%, which can provide high-quality imaging.

[0089] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the diffusion pattern of the fold-hybrid lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The fold-hybrid lens provided in this embodiment of the present invention has a relatively concentrated and uniformly distributed diffusion pattern across the entire spectral band, which can meet the requirements of high-resolution imaging.

[0090] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative illumination of a hybrid lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which represents the relative illumination values ​​corresponding to different fields of view, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the superconducting lens provided in this embodiment of the invention has a relative illuminance of more than 39% within a 0.7 field of view in the working band, and the brightness is uniform.

[0091] In summary, the hybrid lens provided in this invention offers a wide viewing angle, clear imaging, and low TTL, meeting the requirements for high-resolution imaging and lightweight integration. Furthermore, based on the synergistic cooperation of metasurface lenses and various extended aspherical lenses, it effectively modulates light after passing through materials with different refractive indices, achieving excellent achromatic aberration.

[0092] This invention also provides a camera module, which includes the aforementioned superconducting lens.

[0093] This invention also provides a terminal device that includes the aforementioned camera module. This terminal device can be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, or wearable device.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid telephoto lens, characterized in that, It includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens is a metasurface lens, and the remaining lenses are extended aspherical lenses; The aforementioned hyper-folding hybrid lens satisfies: Wherein, MIC represents the maximum image circle of the hybrid lens, Fno represents the aperture number, EFL represents the focal length, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and TTL represents the distance from the center of the optical axis of the object side of the first lens closest to the object plane in the hybrid lens to the image plane.

2. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all extended aspherical lenses; the fifth lens is a metasurface lens. The first lens has negative optical power, the object side of the first lens is convex, and the image side of the first lens is concave. The second lens has positive optical power, the object side of the second lens is concave, and the image side of the second lens is convex. The third lens has positive optical power, the object side of the third lens is a crescent-shaped concave surface, and the image side of the third lens is a convex surface; The fourth lens has negative optical power; the object side of the fourth lens is a concave surface with a central convex region, and the image side of the fourth lens is a convex surface with a central concave region. The fifth lens has positive optical power, the object side of the fifth lens is a plane, and the image side of the fifth lens is a binary plane; microstructures are arranged on the image side of the fifth lens.

3. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The object-side surface of the first lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the first lens has a positive radius of curvature. The object-side surface of the second lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the second lens has a negative radius of curvature. The object-side surface of the third lens has a negative radius of curvature, and the image-side surface of the third lens has a negative radius of curvature. The central region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens has a positive radius of curvature, and the edge region of the object-side surface of the fourth lens has a negative radius of curvature; the central region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens has a negative radius of curvature, and the edge region of the image-side surface of the fourth lens has a positive radius of curvature.

4. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance TTL from the center of the optical axis on the object side of the first lens to the image plane satisfies:

5. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fifth lens is made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride; the thickness of the fifth lens ranges from 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

6. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are made of plastic or glass.

7. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The aperture stop is located on the object side of the first lens, or in the optical path between the first lens and the second lens, or in the optical path between the second lens and the third lens.

8. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length f of the hybrid lens satisfies: f≥2.2mm.

9. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagonal field of view (FOV) of the hybrid lens meets the following requirement: FOV ≥ 90.9°.

10. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance TTL from the center of the optical axis on the object side of the first lens closest to the object plane in the hybrid lens to the image plane is greater than 2.81 mm.

11. The hybrid refractive and hyper-refractive lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the hybrid lens satisfies the following condition: 0.5 < EPD < 0.9°.

12. A camera module, characterized in that, Including the superconducting lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A terminal device, characterized in that, Includes the camera module as described in claim 12.

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