LTCC filter communication performance optimization method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of filter performance optimization, and relates to an LTCC filter communication performance optimization method. According to the method, the communication performance evaluation index of the LTCC filter to be tested is judged to reach the standard, if the communication performance evaluation index does not reach the standard, the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is constructed based on the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter to be tested, and the metal wire width, the interlayer spacing and the via hole position corresponding to the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model are gradually adjusted; and recording the parasitic parameters and the corresponding communication performance evaluation indexes after each parameter adjustment, analyzing an association equation of the association parasitic parameters and the communication performance evaluation indexes, making an optimization scheme based on the association equation, and performing communication performance simulation verification on the optimized three-dimensional electromagnetic model. And if the communication performance does not reach the standard, the structural design parameters are readjusted, so that the communication performance evaluation index of the optimized LTCC filter is ensured to meet the industrial standard, and the stability and the anti-interference capability of the communication signal are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filter performance optimization technology, specifically to a method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter. Background Technology

[0002] The communication performance of LTCC filters directly determines the signal transmission quality. In-band flatness affects the amplitude consistency of the signal within the passband; poor in-band flatness leads to signal distortion. Out-of-band rejection determines the filter's ability to attenuate interference signals outside the passband; insufficient out-of-band rejection causes crosstalk between adjacent frequency bands, affecting the overall anti-interference performance of the communication system. Therefore, developing efficient and accurate communication performance optimization schemes has become a core requirement in the design and production of LTCC filters.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN119358491A discloses a Ka-band millimeter-wave wide-side coupling bandpass filter for LTCC and its simulation optimization method. In this invention, the high-frequency electromagnetic field simulation unit is used to simulate the electromagnetic field distribution, calculate parasitic parameters and evaluate high-frequency thermal effects based on the initial parameters of the resonator. The optimization unit minimizes the influence of parasitic parameters on the resonant frequency through a frequency-selective particle swarm optimization algorithm, and iteratively adjusts the parasitic parameters of the resonator and conductor layer, thereby achieving high precision and high efficiency in filter design.

[0004] However, the existing technology has the following problems: 1. The existing technology only achieves optimization by iteratively adjusting the parasitic parameters of the resonator and conductor layer, without adjusting the core structural design parameters of the LTCC filter one by one. As a result, it is impossible to accurately locate the impact of changes in a single structural parameter on parasitic parameters and communication performance indicators, resulting in a vague optimization direction and the problem that multiple parameters are adjusted at the same time but the key influencing factors cannot be determined.

[0005] 2. Existing technologies do not establish a quantitative correlation equation between parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation indicators. They only minimize the impact of parasitic parameters on the resonant frequency through multi-objective optimization algorithms. As a result, they cannot accurately calculate the adjustment amount of parasitic parameters based on the actual monitored performance deviations. The optimization process relies on algorithm iteration and trial and error, which is inefficient and has limited accuracy.

[0006] 3. Although existing technologies can simulate filter structures, they do not perform deviation analysis between the simulated communication performance indicators and the actual monitored performance indicators, nor do they set deviation thresholds to verify the effectiveness of the three-dimensional simulation model. This results in the simulation model not matching the characteristics of the actual LTCC filter, reducing the reliability of the optimization results. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for optimizing the communication performance of LTCC filters, so as to achieve precise optimization of in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression, thereby improving optimization efficiency and reliability.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: an LTCC filter communication performance optimization method, including: monitoring the communication performance evaluation index of the LTCC filter under test, and comparing the monitored communication performance evaluation index with the corresponding standard communication performance evaluation index.

[0009] If the communication performance evaluation indicators do not meet the standards, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model is constructed using simulation tools based on the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter under test.

[0010] The structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model, namely the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing and via position, were successively adjusted, and the parasitic parameters and corresponding communication performance evaluation indicators after each parameter adjustment were recorded.

[0011] Based on the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment and the corresponding communication performance evaluation index, the correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the communication performance evaluation index is analyzed, and an optimization scheme is formulated based on the correlation equation.

[0012] The optimized three-dimensional electromagnetic model is subjected to communication performance simulation verification. The simulation results are used to determine whether the communication performance evaluation index meets the standard communication performance evaluation index. If not, the structural design parameters are readjusted until the communication performance evaluation index meets the standard communication performance evaluation index.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adjusts the metal line width, interlayer spacing and via position of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model one by one, and records the parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation index after each parameter adjustment, so as to clarify the correspondence between each structural parameter and parasitic parameter and communication performance, provide accurate data support for subsequent correlation analysis, and significantly improve the pertinence of the optimization scheme.

[0014] (2) This invention analyzes the correlation coefficients between the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression by Pearson correlation coefficient, respectively, and constructs the correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression. This allows us to infer the adjustment values ​​of parasitic parameters based on the deviation of communication performance evaluation indicators, improve optimization efficiency, and ensure that the adjustment accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0015] (3) Based on the difference between the substandard communication performance evaluation index and the corresponding standard index, the present invention substitutes the difference into the corresponding correlation equation to obtain the correlation parasitic parameter adjustment value, and selects the parameter adjustment scheme with the highest priority, so as to accurately match the optimization requirements of the substandard communication performance evaluation index, ensure that the optimized LTCC filter communication performance evaluation index meets the industry standard, and significantly improve the stability and anti-interference capability of communication signal.

[0016] (4) The present invention simulates the completed three-dimensional electromagnetic model, obtains the simulation in-band flatness and simulation out-of-band suppression degree and performs deviation analysis with the monitored in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree respectively. If the deviation value is less than the set deviation threshold, the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is determined to be effective, ensuring the reliability of the simulation model construction, improving the matching degree between the model optimization results and the actual filter characteristics, and reducing the number of subsequent filter product parameter adjustments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps involved in constructing the three-dimensional electromagnetic model in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the correlation equation analysis between parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation indicators in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0022] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.

[0023] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter, including: Step 1, monitoring the communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter under test, and comparing the monitored communication performance evaluation indicators with the corresponding standard communication performance evaluation indicators.

[0025] It should be noted that the communication performance evaluation indicators include in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression. The monitoring method for these indicators is as follows: based on the design parameters of the LTCC filter under test, in-band and out-of-band monitoring frequency bands are set, and sampling points are deployed in the in-band and out-of-band monitoring frequency bands according to the corresponding adapted bandwidth intervals. The adapted bandwidth interval can be a unit bandwidth.

[0026] The vector network analyzer is started to continuously sweep the in-band monitoring frequency band, and the insertion loss of each sampling point in the in-band monitoring frequency band is collected. The maximum insertion loss and the minimum insertion loss are extracted from the insertion loss of each sampling point, and the difference between the maximum insertion loss and the minimum insertion loss is used as the in-band flatness.

[0027] Switch the vector network analyzer to the out-of-band frequency band and perform frequency sweeps on the lower and upper out-of-band frequency bands of the out-of-band monitoring frequency band respectively. Collect the insertion loss of each sampling point in the lower and upper out-of-band frequency bands to obtain the out-of-band suppression degree.

[0028] The out-of-band suppression is measured by the minimum out-of-band attenuation value, which includes the minimum out-of-band attenuation value of the lower out-of-band and the minimum out-of-band attenuation value of the upper out-of-band. The minimum out-of-band attenuation value of the lower out-of-band is the minimum absolute value of the insertion loss of all sampling points in the lower out-of-band frequency band. Similarly, the minimum out-of-band attenuation value of the upper out-of-band is the minimum absolute value of the insertion loss of all sampling points in the upper out-of-band frequency band.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the design parameters of the LTCC filter under test include the design center frequency and the design bandwidth.

[0030] The in-band monitoring frequency band is calculated as the design center frequency minus the design bandwidth to the design center frequency plus the design bandwidth. The out-of-band monitoring frequency band is divided into the lower out-of-band frequency band and the upper out-of-band frequency band. The lower out-of-band frequency band is calculated as the lower limit of the in-band monitoring frequency band minus the design bandwidth to the lower limit of the in-band monitoring frequency band. The upper out-of-band frequency band is calculated as the upper limit of the in-band monitoring frequency band to the upper limit of the in-band monitoring frequency band plus the design bandwidth, thereby ensuring coverage of the main clutter interference frequency bands.

[0031] It should be noted that the method for comparing the monitored communication performance evaluation indicators with the corresponding standard communication performance evaluation indicators is as follows: the in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression are compared with the standard in-band flatness and standard out-of-band suppression in the standard communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter. If the in-band flatness is less than the standard in-band flatness and the out-of-band suppression is greater than or equal to the standard out-of-band suppression, then the communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter under test meet the standards; otherwise, the communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter under test do not meet the standards.

[0032] In-band flatness reflects the stability of the signal amplitude within the passband of the LTCC filter under test. The smaller the in-band flatness, the more consistent the amplitude and the less signal distortion. Out-of-band rejection reflects the filter's ability to attenuate interference signals outside the passband. The larger the out-of-band rejection value, the stronger the anti-interference capability.

[0033] Analyzing only in-band flatness may result in situations where in-band performance is met but out-of-band suppression is insufficient. For example, the signal may be stable within the passband, but interference from adjacent frequency bands may interfere, leading to poor anti-interference capability of the communication system. This invention ensures that the LTCC filter simultaneously meets the dual requirements of amplitude stability within the passband and anti-interference outside the passband by analyzing both in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression, covering all dimensions of communication performance. Furthermore, it performs compliance analysis on the communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter under test, effectively avoiding meaningless iterative adjustments and improving process efficiency.

[0034] Step 2: If the communication performance evaluation indicators do not meet the standards, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model is constructed using simulation tools based on the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter under test.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the process of constructing the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is as follows: Start the three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool, set the electromagnetic simulation frequency band range based on the application scenario of the LTCC filter under test, and adjust the simulation frequency range of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool to be consistent with the electromagnetic simulation frequency band range.

[0036] In a 3D electromagnetic field simulation tool, 3D electromagnetic models are built one by one to correspond to the structural design parameters, including interlayer structural data, metal wiring data, and via structural data.

[0037] The completed three-dimensional electromagnetic model is simulated, and the simulated in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree are obtained and analyzed for deviation from the monitored in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree. If the deviation value is less than the set deviation threshold, the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is determined to be valid; otherwise, the structural design parameters are corrected and the simulation is repeated until the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is valid.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the LTCC filter is used in both radio frequency (RF) and microwave frequency bands. RF signals have longer wavelengths, while microwave signals have shorter wavelengths and are more susceptible to interference from conductor losses and coupling effects. For example, when the LTCC filter under test is used in the RF band, the electromagnetic simulation frequency range is set to the RF band.

[0039] The electromagnetic characteristics of different application scenarios differ fundamentally: the influence of parasitic parameters on signal transmission in the radio frequency (RF) band is completely different from that in the microwave band. If the simulation frequency band is not matched to the application scenario, the model will be unable to reproduce the electromagnetic distribution and parasitic parameter coupling patterns in the actual scenario. For example, the impact of via position offset on signal crosstalk in the microwave band may be underestimated in the RF band simulation, resulting in a model that is virtually effective but actually ineffective. By matching the application scenario with the electromagnetic simulation frequency band range, it is ensured that the model can accurately simulate the electromagnetic behavior of the filter in the real application environment, providing a correct simulation benchmark for subsequent model validity verification.

[0040] This invention simulates the completed three-dimensional electromagnetic model, obtains the simulated in-band flatness and simulated out-of-band suppression degree, and performs deviation analysis between these and the monitored in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree. If the deviation value is less than the set deviation threshold, the constructed three-dimensional electromagnetic model is determined to be valid, ensuring the reliability of the simulation model construction, improving the matching degree between the model optimization results and the actual filter characteristics, and reducing the number of subsequent filter product parameter adjustments.

[0041] Step 3: Adjust the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model, corresponding to the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing and via position, and record the parasitic parameters and corresponding communication performance evaluation indicators after each parameter adjustment.

[0042] It should be noted that the stepwise adjustment of the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model, corresponding to the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position, specifically involves using the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position of the LTCC filter structural design parameters in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model as the reference values ​​for the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position.

[0043] The reference values ​​for metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position were modified individually. After simulation using a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool, the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment and the corresponding communication performance evaluation indicators were recorded. The parasitic parameters include parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance.

[0044] For example, using the metal linewidth baseline as the center, only the linewidth of all metal wiring in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is modified. After the simulation is completed using a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool, the parasitic capacitance, parasitic inductance, in-band flatness, and out-of-band suppression of each metal linewidth are extracted.

[0045] The metal linewidth is restored to the baseline value. Only the spacing between all adjacent dielectric layers in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is modified synchronously. The simulation is repeated to extract the parasitic capacitance, parasitic inductance, in-band flatness, and out-of-band suppression after the spacing adjustment of each layer.

[0046] While maintaining the baseline values ​​for metal linewidth and interlayer spacing, the X and Y axes of the via position coordinates are independently adjusted. The simulation is repeated to extract the parasitic capacitance, parasitic inductance, in-band flatness, and out-of-band suppression after the adjustment of the via position coordinates.

[0047] This invention allows for the individual and sequential adjustment of the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via positions of the LTCC filter in a three-dimensional electromagnetic model. It also records the parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation indicators after each parameter adjustment. This clarifies the correspondence between each structural parameter, parasitic parameter, and communication performance, providing accurate data support for subsequent correlation analysis and significantly improving the targeting of the optimization scheme.

[0048] Step 4: Based on the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment and the corresponding communication performance evaluation index, analyze the correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the communication performance evaluation index, and formulate an optimization scheme based on the correlation equation.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the analysis of the correlation equation between parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation indicators specifically includes: normalizing the parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance in the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment to obtain the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance; and performing difference analysis between the in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression in the communication performance evaluation indicators and the standard in-band flatness and standard out-of-band suppression to obtain the difference in in-band flatness and the difference in out-of-band suppression.

[0050] Based on the relative changes in parasitic capacitance, parasitic inductance, in-band flatness difference, and out-of-band suppression difference after each parameter adjustment, the correlation coefficients between the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance and the in-band flatness difference and out-of-band suppression difference are analyzed.

[0051] Based on the correlation coefficient, the associated parasitic parameters corresponding to the in-band flatness difference and the out-of-band suppression difference are determined, and the correlation equations between the associated parasitic parameters and the in-band flatness difference and the out-of-band suppression difference are constructed.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the relative change in parasitic capacitance is obtained by comparing the adjusted parasitic capacitance with the original parasitic capacitance, and the ratio of the difference to the original parasitic capacitance is taken as the relative change in parasitic capacitance.

[0053] The relative change in parasitic inductance is obtained by comparing the adjusted parasitic inductance with the original parasitic inductance, and the ratio of the difference to the original parasitic inductance is taken as the relative change in parasitic inductance.

[0054] The analysis of the correlation coefficient between the relative change of parasitic capacitance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression is as follows: The number of parameter adjustments within the set range of relative change of parasitic inductance is selected; the relative change of parasitic capacitance, the difference in in-band flatness, and the difference in out-of-band suppression after each parameter adjustment are extracted; and the correlation coefficient between the relative change of parasitic capacitance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression are calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis formula.

[0055] The analysis of the correlation coefficients between the relative change of parasitic inductance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression is as follows: The number of parameter adjustments within the set range of relative change of parasitic capacitance is screened; the relative change of parasitic inductance, the difference in in-band flatness, and the difference in out-of-band suppression after each parameter adjustment are extracted; and the correlation coefficients between the relative change of parasitic inductance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression are calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis formula.

[0056] In this invention, the setting of the relative variation range of parasitic inductance and the setting of the relative variation range of parasitic capacitance are both based on common experience or standards in the field of LTCC filter design, obtaining industry default values ​​for the allowable fluctuation range of parasitic inductance in filters of the same type and application scenario. For example, the relative variation range of parasitic inductance in RF LTCC filters is typically controlled within a certain range. Within this range, to ensure performance stability.

[0057] It should be noted that determining the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the in-band flatness difference specifically includes: if the correlation coefficient between the relative change in parasitic capacitance and the in-band flatness difference is greater than a set strong correlation coefficient threshold, then the relative change in parasitic capacitance is used as the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the in-band flatness difference. The specific value of the strong correlation coefficient varies depending on different fields and sample sizes, and generally ranges from 0.6 to 0.9. For example, in this embodiment of the invention, the strong correlation coefficient threshold is set to 0.7.

[0058] If the correlation coefficient between the relative change in parasitic inductance and the difference in in-band flatness is greater than the set strong correlation coefficient threshold, then the relative change in parasitic inductance will be used as the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the difference in in-band flatness.

[0059] Similarly, the method for determining the associated parasitic parameters corresponding to the in-band flatness difference is used to obtain the associated parasitic parameters corresponding to the out-of-band suppression degree difference.

[0060] In one specific embodiment, the construction of the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference specifically includes: extracting the parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference after each parameter adjustment; constructing a linear regression equation with the parasitic parameter as input and the in-band flatness difference as output; analyzing the regression coefficient and constant term corresponding to the parasitic parameter using the least squares method; and constructing the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference based on the regression coefficient and constant term corresponding to the parasitic parameter.

[0061] Similarly, by constructing a correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the difference in in-band flatness, a correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the difference in out-of-band suppression can be obtained.

[0062] For example, when the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the in-band flatness difference is the relative change in parasitic capacitance or the relative change in parasitic inductance, the correlation equation between the associated parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference is a linear regression equation in one variable; when the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the in-band flatness difference is the relative change in parasitic capacitance and the relative change in parasitic inductance, the correlation equation between the associated parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference is a linear regression equation in two variables.

[0063] This invention uses Pearson correlation coefficient analysis to determine the correlation coefficients between the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression, respectively. It then constructs correlation equations between the parasitic parameters and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression, thereby enabling the prediction of parasitic parameter adjustment values ​​based on deviations in communication performance evaluation indicators. This improves optimization efficiency and ensures that the adjustment accuracy meets design requirements.

[0064] It should be noted that the optimization scheme based on the correlation equation is as follows: If the in-band flatness of the LTCC filter under test does not meet the standard, the difference between the monitored in-band flatness and the standard in-band flatness is substituted into the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in in-band flatness to obtain the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter. Various parameter adjustment schemes are matched according to the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter, and the parameter adjustment scheme with the highest priority is selected as the optimization scheme.

[0065] For example, when the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in in-band flatness is a linear regression equation, and the parasitic parameter is the relative change in parasitic capacitance, then based on the difference between the monitored in-band flatness and the standard in-band flatness, the relative change in parasitic capacitance is output. The adjusted parasitic capacitance is then derived from this relative change. From the parasitic parameters after each adjustment, various parameter adjustment schemes that are identical to the adjusted parasitic capacitance and the parasitic inductance of the LTCC filter under test are selected. The highest priority parameter adjustment scheme is selected as the optimization scheme. In these schemes, the smaller the parameter adjustment value, the higher the priority. For example, in the scheme... It is due to the increase in metal line width ,plan It is due to the increase in metal line width Then the solution With the plan It has a high priority.

[0066] When the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in in-band flatness is a binary linear regression equation, the difference between the monitored out-of-band suppression degree and the standard out-of-band suppression degree is taken as 0. From the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment, various parameter adjustment schemes with the same difference between the out-of-band suppression degree and the standard out-of-band suppression degree and the difference between in-band flatness and the standard in-band flatness are selected, and the parameter adjustment scheme with the highest priority is selected as the optimization scheme.

[0067] If the out-of-band rejection of the LTCC filter under test does not meet the standard, the difference between the monitored out-of-band rejection and the standard out-of-band rejection is substituted into the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in out-of-band rejection to obtain the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter. Similarly, the optimization scheme is selected.

[0068] This invention uses the difference between the substandard communication performance evaluation index and the corresponding standard index to substitute the difference into the corresponding correlation equation to obtain the correlation parasitic parameter adjustment value, and selects the parameter adjustment scheme with the highest priority. This enables precise matching of the optimization requirements of the substandard communication performance evaluation index, ensuring that the optimized LTCC filter communication performance evaluation index meets industry standards, and significantly improving the stability and anti-interference capability of communication signals.

[0069] Step 5: Perform communication performance simulation verification on the optimized 3D electromagnetic model. Determine whether the communication performance evaluation index in the simulation results meets the standard communication performance evaluation index. If not, readjust the structural design parameters until the communication performance evaluation index meets the standard communication performance evaluation index. This iterative process of simulation verification feeding back to structural design parameter correction can gradually reduce parameter deviations, making the final optimized scheme more accurate and avoiding residual performance deviations caused by relying on a single adjustment.

[0070] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0071] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0073] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0075] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter, characterized in that, include: The communication performance evaluation indicators of the LTCC filter under test are monitored, and the monitored communication performance evaluation indicators are compared with the corresponding standard communication performance evaluation indicators to ensure compliance. If the communication performance evaluation indicators do not meet the standards, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model is constructed using simulation tools based on the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter under test. The structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model, corresponding to the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing and via position, were successively adjusted, and the parasitic parameters and corresponding communication performance evaluation indicators after each parameter adjustment were recorded. Based on the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment and the corresponding communication performance evaluation index, the correlation equation between the parasitic parameters and the communication performance evaluation index is analyzed, and an optimization scheme is formulated based on the correlation equation. The optimized three-dimensional electromagnetic model is subjected to communication performance simulation verification. The simulation results are used to determine whether the communication performance evaluation index meets the standard communication performance evaluation index. If not, the structural design parameters are readjusted until the communication performance evaluation index meets the standard communication performance evaluation index.

2. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication performance evaluation indicators include in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression, and the monitoring method for the communication performance evaluation indicators is as follows: Based on the design parameters of the LTCC filter under test, in-band monitoring frequency band and out-of-band monitoring frequency band are set, and sampling points are arranged in the in-band monitoring frequency band and out-of-band monitoring frequency band according to the corresponding adaptive bandwidth interval; The vector network analyzer is started to continuously sweep the frequency band within the in-band monitoring frequency band, and the insertion loss of each sampling point within the in-band monitoring frequency band is collected. The maximum insertion loss and the minimum insertion loss are extracted from the insertion loss of each sampling point, and the difference between the maximum insertion loss and the minimum insertion loss is used as the in-band flatness. Switch the vector network analyzer to the out-of-band frequency band and perform frequency sweeps on the lower and upper out-of-band frequency bands of the out-of-band monitoring frequency band respectively. Collect the insertion loss of each sampling point in the lower and upper out-of-band frequency bands to obtain the out-of-band suppression degree.

3. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for comparing the monitored communication performance evaluation indicators with the corresponding standard communication performance evaluation indicators is as follows: The in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression are compared with the standard in-band flatness and standard out-of-band suppression, respectively. If the in-band flatness is less than the standard in-band flatness and the out-of-band suppression is greater than or equal to the standard out-of-band suppression, the communication performance evaluation index of the LTCC filter under test meets the standard. Otherwise, the communication performance evaluation index of the LTCC filter under test does not meet the standard.

4. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of constructing the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is as follows: Start the three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool, set the electromagnetic simulation frequency band range based on the application scenario of the LTCC filter under test, and adjust the simulation frequency range of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool to be consistent with the electromagnetic simulation frequency band range; In a 3D electromagnetic field simulation tool, 3D electromagnetic models are built one by one to correspond to the structural design parameters, including interlayer structural data, metal wiring data, and via structure data. The completed three-dimensional electromagnetic model is simulated, and the simulated in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree are obtained and analyzed for deviation from the monitored in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression degree. If the deviation value is less than the set deviation threshold, the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is determined to be valid; otherwise, the structural design parameters are corrected and the simulation is repeated until the three-dimensional electromagnetic model is valid.

5. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific details of adjusting the structural design parameters of the LTCC filter in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model, corresponding to the metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via positions, are as follows: The metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position of the LTCC filter structure design parameters in the three-dimensional electromagnetic model are used as the reference values ​​for metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position. The reference values ​​for metal linewidth, interlayer spacing, and via position were modified individually. After simulation using a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool, the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment and the corresponding communication performance evaluation indicators were recorded. The parasitic parameters include parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance.

6. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the correlation equations between parasitic parameters and communication performance evaluation indicators specifically includes: The parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance in the parasitic parameters after each parameter adjustment are normalized to obtain the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance. The difference between in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression is analyzed with the standard in-band flatness and standard out-of-band suppression, respectively, to obtain the difference in in-band flatness and the difference in out-of-band suppression. Based on the relative changes in parasitic capacitance, parasitic inductance, in-band flatness difference, and out-of-band suppression difference after each parameter adjustment, the correlation coefficients between the relative changes in parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance and the in-band flatness difference and out-of-band suppression difference are analyzed. Based on the correlation coefficient, the associated parasitic parameters corresponding to the in-band flatness difference and the out-of-band suppression difference are determined, and the correlation equations between the associated parasitic parameters and the in-band flatness difference and the out-of-band suppression difference are constructed.

7. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analysis of the correlation coefficients between the relative change in parasitic capacitance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression is as follows: The number of parameter adjustments within the set range of relative change in parasitic inductance; Extract the relative change in parasitic capacitance, in-band flatness difference, and out-of-band suppression difference after each parameter adjustment in the screening process; The correlation coefficients between the relative change of parasitic capacitance and the differences in in-band flatness and out-of-band suppression were calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis formula.

8. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for determining the associated parasitic parameters corresponding to the in-band flatness difference include: If the correlation coefficient between the relative change in parasitic capacitance and the difference in in-band flatness is greater than the set strong correlation coefficient threshold, then the relative change in parasitic capacitance will be used as the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the difference in in-band flatness. If the correlation coefficient between the relative change in parasitic inductance and the difference in in-band flatness is greater than the set strong correlation coefficient threshold, then the relative change in parasitic inductance will be used as the associated parasitic parameter corresponding to the difference in in-band flatness.

9. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The construction of the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the in-band flatness difference specifically includes: Extract the associated parasitic parameters and the in-band flatness difference after each parameter adjustment. Construct a linear regression equation with the associated parasitic parameters as input and the in-band flatness difference as output. Analyze the regression coefficients and constant terms corresponding to the associated parasitic parameters using the least squares method. Construct the correlation equation between the associated parasitic parameters and the in-band flatness difference based on the regression coefficients and constant terms corresponding to the associated parasitic parameters.

10. The method for optimizing the communication performance of an LTCC filter according to claim 9, characterized in that: The optimization scheme based on the correlation equation is described in detail below: If the in-band flatness of the LTCC filter under test does not meet the standard, the difference between the monitored in-band flatness and the standard in-band flatness is substituted into the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in in-band flatness to obtain the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter. Various parameter adjustment schemes are matched according to the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter, and the parameter adjustment scheme with the highest priority is selected as the optimization scheme. If the out-of-band rejection of the LTCC filter under test does not meet the standard, the difference between the monitored out-of-band rejection and the standard out-of-band rejection is substituted into the correlation equation between the parasitic parameter and the difference in out-of-band rejection to obtain the adjustment value of the parasitic parameter. Similarly, the optimization scheme is selected.

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