Navigation positioning three-frequency antenna structure and three-frequency GNSS antenna
By designing a three-band antenna structure for navigation and positioning, and combining separately set second and third band components with a first band radiating plate, three-band radiation is achieved, solving the problems of high cost and difficult spread spectrum of traditional dual-band antennas, expanding the bandwidth of L2 and L5 bands, and reducing signal radiation interference.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511059209.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
Traditional dual-band antennas require switching between two different dual-band antennas when they need to support L1, L2, and L5 frequency bands, which increases costs and makes spread spectrum more difficult.
Design a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure, including a first-band radiating plate, a second-band component, and a third-band component. The second-band component and the third-band component are separately mounted on the first-band radiating plate and are used to radiate the L1 and L2 frequency bands, respectively. The first-band radiating plate is used to radiate the L5 frequency band, thereby achieving tri-band radiation. By combining them, two different dual-band antennas are formed to reduce costs.
It achieves spread spectrum for tri-band antennas, reduces costs, and extends the bandwidth of L2 and L5 bands within a lower bandwidth, thereby improving positioning accuracy and reducing signal radiation interference.
Smart Images
Figure CN120933671A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure and a tri-band GNSS antenna. Background Technology
[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas are widely used in mobile terminals to achieve positioning, navigation, and other functions. In the field of automotive antennas, GNSS antennas are often integrated to enable vehicle positioning and navigation. GNSS antennas include different types such as single-frequency antennas and multi-frequency antennas. Single-frequency antennas support one frequency band, such as the L1 band, which is the primary frequency relied upon for civilian GNSS applications. Multi-frequency antennas can support multiple frequency bands; common examples include dual-frequency antennas, such as those supporting the L1 and L2 bands, or the L1 and L5 bands. Multi-frequency antennas support a wider range of frequency bands and are superior to single-frequency antennas in terms of accuracy and anti-interference capabilities.
[0003] However, traditional dual-band antennas still suffer from insufficient bandwidth. If L1, L2, and L5 bands are required, two different dual-band antennas must be used for switching, which will undoubtedly increase costs. Moreover, the spread spectrum of dual-band antennas will also become more difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure and a tri-band GNSS antenna that facilitates spread spectrum of tri-band antennas and reduces costs.
[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution: A navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure includes: a first frequency band radiating plate, a second frequency band component, and a third frequency band component; the first frequency band radiating plate is used to radiate the L5 frequency band; the second frequency band component includes at least two second frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, and the second frequency band element is used to radiate the L1 frequency band; the third frequency band component includes at least two third frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, and the third frequency band element is used to radiate the L2 frequency band, and the third frequency band element is separated from the second frequency band element and centrally symmetrically arranged.
[0006] In one embodiment, the third frequency band component includes a third frequency band radiating plate disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, the third frequency band radiating plate being used to radiate the L2 frequency band, the thickness of the third frequency band radiating plate being greater than the thickness of the second frequency band component; and / or, the height of the third frequency band radiating plate being greater than the height of the second frequency band component.
[0007] In one embodiment, the third frequency band radiating plate includes a third frequency band feed substrate and at least two third feed stubs, the third frequency band feed substrate being connected to the first frequency band radiating plate, and the third feed stubs being located on the third frequency band feed substrate.
[0008] In one embodiment, at least two of the third feed stubs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third frequency band feed substrate.
[0009] In one embodiment, the height of the third-band feed substrate is 15.5 mm to 18 mm; and / or, the thickness of the third-band feed substrate is 1.6 mm to 2.0 mm.
[0010] In one embodiment, the third frequency band radiating plate further includes at least two third frequency band radiating sheets disposed on the third frequency band feed substrate, each of the third frequency band radiating sheets being correspondingly connected to a third feed stub sheet, and the third frequency band radiating sheets being used to radiate the L2 frequency band.
[0011] In one embodiment, the third frequency band feed substrate is vertically disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate; and / or, two adjacent third frequency band radiating plates are disposed perpendicular to each other; and / or, the third frequency band radiating sheet is disposed perpendicular to the third frequency band feed substrate.
[0012] In one embodiment, the third feed stub includes a feed stub portion and a radiating stub portion disposed on the third frequency band feed substrate. The feed stub portion is used to connect to the antenna feed ground terminal. The radiating stub portion has a U-shaped structure. One end of the radiating stub portion is connected to the feed stub portion, and the other end of the radiating stub portion is adjacent to the connection point between the radiating stub portion and the feed stub portion.
[0013] In one embodiment, the third-band radiating sheet includes interconnected radiating portions and welded bend portions, wherein the radiating portions are arranged perpendicularly to the third-band feed substrate, and the welded bend portions are connected to the radiating branch portions.
[0014] A tri-band GNSS antenna, comprising the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure described in any of the above embodiments.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has at least the following advantages: The second band component is used to address the L1 band, the third band component is used to address the L2 band, and the first band radiating plate is used to address the L5 band. The second and third band components are separately mounted on the first band radiating plate, allowing the second and third band components to be combined to form one type of dual-band antenna, and the second band component and the first band radiating plate to form another type of dual-band antenna, thus achieving tri-band radiation. This facilitates the spread spectrum of the tri-band antenna. Furthermore, the combination of the second and third band components and the first band radiating plate integrates two different types of dual-band antennas, effectively reducing costs. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this disclosure and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in one embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure from another perspective; Figure 3 The image shows the S-parameter curves of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L2 and L5 frequency bands in one embodiment. Figure 4 This is a graph showing the S-parameters of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L1 band in one embodiment. Figure 5 This is an AR axis ratio diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L2 and L5 frequency bands in one embodiment; Figure 6 This is an AR axis ratio diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L1 band in one embodiment; Figure 7 This is a gain diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L2 and L5 frequency bands in one embodiment; Figure 8 This is a gain diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L1 band in one embodiment; Figure 9 This is a 2D radiation diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L2 and L5 frequency bands in one embodiment; Figure 10 This is a 2D radiation diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L1 band in one embodiment; Figure 11 This is a 3D radiation diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L2 and L5 frequency bands in one embodiment; Figure 12 This is a 3D radiation diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure in the L1 band in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To facilitate understanding of this disclosure, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, this disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure.
[0019] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0021] This disclosure relates to a three-band antenna structure for navigation and positioning. In one embodiment, the three-band antenna structure includes a first-band radiating plate, a second-band component, and a third-band component; the first-band radiating plate radiates the L5 band; the second-band component includes at least two second-band elements, each of which is disposed on the first-band radiating plate, and the second-band elements radiate the L1 band; the third-band component includes at least two third-band elements, each of which is disposed on the first-band radiating plate, and the third-band elements radiate the L2 band, wherein the third-band elements are separated from and centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the second-band elements. The second band component is used to address the L1 band, the third band component is used to address the L2 band, and the first band radiating plate is used to address the L5 band. The second and third band components are separately mounted on the first band radiating plate, allowing the second and third band components to be combined to form one type of dual-band antenna, and the second band component and the first band radiating plate to form another type of dual-band antenna, thus achieving tri-band radiation. This facilitates the spread spectrum of the tri-band antenna. Furthermore, the combination of the second and third band components and the first band radiating plate integrates two different types of dual-band antennas, effectively reducing costs.
[0022] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0023] A navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure 10 according to one embodiment includes a first frequency band radiating plate 100, a second frequency band component 200, and a third frequency band component 300; the first frequency band radiating plate 100 is used to radiate the L5 frequency band; the second frequency band component 200 includes at least two second frequency band elements 210, each second frequency band element 210 is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100, and the second frequency band element 210 is used to radiate the L1 frequency band; the third frequency band component 300 includes at least two third frequency band elements 310, each third frequency band element 310 is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100, and the third frequency band element 310 is used to radiate the L2 frequency band, and the third frequency band element 310 and the second frequency band element 210 are separated from each other and centrally symmetrically arranged.
[0024] In this embodiment, the second frequency band component 210 is used to address the L1 frequency band, the third frequency band component 310 is used to address the L2 frequency band, and the first frequency band radiating plate 100 is used to address the L5 frequency band. The second frequency band component 210 and the third frequency band component 310 are separately disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100, so that the second frequency band component 210 and the third frequency band component 310 are combined to form a dual-band antenna, and the second frequency band component 210 and the first frequency band radiating plate 100 are combined to form another dual-band antenna, so as to achieve tri-band radiation, which facilitates the spread spectrum of the tri-band antenna. Moreover, the combination of the second frequency band component 210, the third frequency band component 310 and the first frequency band radiating plate 100 realizes the integration of two different dual-band antennas, effectively reducing costs.
[0025] In another embodiment, the L1 band specifically ranges from 1575.42 MHz ± 1.023 MHz, the L2 band from 1227.60 MHz ± 1.023 MHz, and the L5 band from 1176.45 MHz ± 1.023 MHz. L1 is the main civilian signal band for GPS, L2 is used to improve positioning accuracy, and L5 is mainly used for high-precision applications, such as aviation navigation.
[0026] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1The third frequency band component 310 includes a third frequency band radiating plate 330, which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100. The third frequency band radiating plate 330 is used to radiate the L2 frequency band. In this embodiment, the third frequency band radiating plate 330 is located on the first frequency band radiating plate 100. Specifically, the third frequency band radiating plate 330 is vertically disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100. The third frequency band radiating plate 330 serves as the radiating plate for the L2 frequency band, and the first frequency band radiating plate 100 serves as the radiating plate for the L5 frequency band. The third frequency band radiating plate 330 and the first frequency band radiating plate 100 form a dual-band antenna for L2 and L5. Furthermore, the third frequency band radiating plate 330 is separated from the second frequency band component 210, which serves as the radiating component for the L1 frequency band, such that the third frequency band radiating plate 330 and the second frequency band component 210 form a dual-band antenna for L1 and L2. In this way, three-band antennas L1, L2 and L5 are combined on the first frequency band radiating plate 100, so that the frequency band used to improve positioning accuracy is spread, that is, the bandwidth is extended near the L2 and L5 frequency bands.
[0027] Further, please refer to Figure 2 The third-band radiating plate 330 includes a third-band feed substrate 332 and at least two third-band feed stubs 334. The third-band feed substrate 332 is connected to the first-band radiating plate 100, and the third-band feed stubs 334 are located on the third-band feed substrate 332. In this embodiment, the third-band feed substrate 332 serves as the mounting base for the third-band feed stubs 334, and the third-band feed stubs 334 serve as feed radiating components. The third-band feed stubs 334 are parallel to the third-band feed substrate 332, that is, the third-band feed stubs 334 are laid flat on the surface of the third-band feed substrate 332. The end of the third-band feed stub 334 closest to the first-band radiating plate 100 is the feed point, so that the third-band feed stub 334 forms a spread-spectrum tri-band antenna with the second-band component 210 through the first-band radiating plate 100.
[0028] Furthermore, at least two of the third feed stubs 334 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the third frequency band feed substrate 332. In this embodiment, the third frequency band feed substrate 332 serves as a substrate for mounting multiple third feed stubs 334. The third feed stubs 334 are respectively disposed on the two sides of the third frequency band feed substrate 332. Specifically, one side of the third frequency band feed substrate 332 is provided with one third feed stub 334, and the other side of the third frequency band feed substrate 332 is provided with one third feed stub 334. The two third feed stubs 334 are staggered, that is, the third feed stubs 334 on the two sides of the third frequency band feed substrate 332 are centrally symmetrically disposed, that is, the projections of the two third feed stubs 334 on the third frequency band feed substrate 332 have no overlapping area. Thus, the third feed stub 334 on the third frequency band feed substrate 332 forms a Yagi antenna structure radiating the L2 frequency band.
[0029] In another embodiment, the second frequency band component includes a second feed substrate and at least two second feed stubs. The second feed substrate is vertically disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, and the at least two second feed stubs are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the second feed substrate to form a Yagi antenna structure radiating the L1 frequency band.
[0030] In another embodiment, the thickness of the third-band radiating plate 330 is greater than the thickness of the second-band component 210. Specifically, the thickness of the third-band feed substrate 332 is 1.6 mm to 2.0 mm. By adjusting the thickness of the third-band feed substrate 332, the insulating medium between the two third feed stubs 334 on the third-band feed substrate 332 is increased, thereby making the frequency band radiated by the third-band radiating plate 330 correspond to the L2 frequency band.
[0031] In another embodiment, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure, by increasing the thickness of the third-band feed substrate 332, has a spreading effect within a relatively low bandwidth compared to traditional dual-band antennas, that is, widening the original L2 and L5 bands. See the S-parameters of the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure for details. Figure 3 and 4 As shown.
[0032] Furthermore, the tri-band antenna structure for navigation and positioning, while spreading the spectrum, also has a lower AR axial ratio compared to traditional dual-band antennas. The axial ratio is below 1.55 in the L2 and L5 bands (compared to 1.2 to 3.7 for traditional dual-band antennas), and below 1.06 in the L1 band (compared to 1.47 to 1.67 for traditional dual-band antennas). Figure 5 and 6As shown; compared to traditional dual-band antennas, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure has a more uniform gain distribution. The gain in both the L2 and L5 bands is above 2 (traditional dual-band antennas have gains between 1.3 and 4.4, but with a large distribution gap), and the gain in the L1 band is above 3.7 (traditional dual-band antennas have gains between 4.3 and 5.5, but with a large distribution gap). Figure 7 and 8 As shown; compared to traditional dual-band antennas, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure also has a 2D radiation pattern and a 3D radiation pattern with lower non-circularity, and the radiation angles both exceed 180 degrees, such as... Figures 9 to 12 As shown.
[0033] In another embodiment, the thickness of the third-band radiating plate 330 is greater than the thickness of the second-band component 210. Specifically, the height of the third-band feed substrate 332 is 15.5 mm to 18 mm. By adjusting the height of the third-band feed substrate 332, the feed point of the third feed stub 334 on the third-band feed substrate 332 is lengthened, thereby increasing the stub length of the third feed stub 334, and thus making the frequency band radiated by the third-band radiating plate 330 correspond to the L2 frequency band.
[0034] In another embodiment, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure, by increasing the height of the third band feed substrate 332, has a spread spectrum effect within a relatively low bandwidth compared to the traditional dual-band antenna, that is, the original L2 and L5 bands are widened. Its S-parameters, AR-axis ratio, gain distribution, 2D radiation pattern and 3D radiation pattern are the same as those of the antenna structure with the thickened third band feed substrate 332, and will not be described again here.
[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The third-band radiating plate 330 further includes at least two third-band radiating sheets 336 disposed on the third-band feed substrate 332. Each third-band radiating sheet 336 is correspondingly connected to a third feed stub 334. The third-band radiating sheet 336 is used to radiate the L2 band. In this embodiment, the third-band radiating sheet 336 is mounted on the third-band feed substrate 332. Specifically, the third-band radiating sheet 336 is located at the end of the third-band feed substrate 332 opposite to the first-band radiating plate 100. The third-band radiating sheet 336 serves as the radiating body of the L2 band. The third-band radiating sheet 336 is connected to the corresponding third feed stub 334, so that at least two third-band radiating sheets 336 are centrally symmetrical, so as to form a feed radiation structure for the L2 band. This facilitates the formation of a spread spectrum effect with the first-band radiating plate 100 to meet the larger bandwidth requirements and achieve a larger coverage area for the three-band bandwidth.
[0036] Furthermore, the third frequency band feed substrate 332 is vertically disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate 100. In this embodiment, the first frequency band radiating plate 100 is used for L5 frequency band radiation, and the third feed stub 334 on the third frequency band feed substrate 332 is used for L2 frequency band radiation. By making the first frequency band radiating plate 100 and the third frequency band feed substrate 332 perpendicular to each other, the signal radiation interference between the L2 and L5 frequency bands can be effectively reduced while meeting the requirements of spread spectrum.
[0037] In another embodiment, two adjacent third-band radiating plates 330 are arranged perpendicularly to each other. In this embodiment, each third-band radiating plate 330 has two opposing third feed stubs 334. The two third-band radiating plates 330 are perpendicular, so that the third feed stubs 334 between the two third-band radiating plates 330 remain perpendicular to each other, thereby reducing radiation interference between the two third-band radiating plates 330 and facilitating the radiation of stable L2 band signals by the third-band radiating plates 330.
[0038] In another embodiment, the third-band radiating plate 336 and the third-band feed substrate 332 are arranged perpendicularly to each other. In this embodiment, the third-band radiating plate 336 is connected to the corresponding third-band feed stub 334, and the third-band radiating plate 336 is perpendicular to the third-band feed substrate 332, so that the third-band radiating plate 336 and the corresponding third-band feed stub 334 remain perpendicular to each other, thereby enabling the two third-band radiating plates 330 to form a dual Yagi antenna structure through the third-band radiating plate 336 thereon, which facilitates the widening of the frequency band of the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure.
[0039] In another embodiment, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure, by adding a third band radiating plate 336, has a spread spectrum effect within a relatively low bandwidth compared to the traditional dual-band antenna, that is, the original L2 and L5 bands are widened. Its S-parameters, AR-axis ratio, gain distribution, 2D radiation pattern and 3D radiation pattern are the same as those of the antenna structure with thickened third band feed substrate 332, and will not be described again here.
[0040] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The third feed stub 334 includes a feed stub portion 3342 and a radiating stub portion 3344 disposed on the third frequency band feed substrate 332. The feed stub portion 3342 is used to connect to the antenna feed ground terminal. The radiating stub portion 3344 has a U-shaped structure. One end of the radiating stub portion 3344 is connected to the feed stub portion 3342, and the other end of the radiating stub portion 3344 is adjacent to the connection point between the radiating stub portion 3344 and the feed stub portion 3342. In this embodiment, the feed stub portion 3342 serves as the feed point portion of the third feed stub 3344. The feed stub portion 3342 is close to the first frequency band radiating plate 100, which facilitates its combination with the first frequency band radiating plate 100 to form a multi-frequency antenna structure of L2 and L5. The radiating stub 3344 is connected to the feeding stub 3342 to form a radiating feeding structure in the L2 band, which facilitates the formation of a multi-frequency antenna structure of L1 and L2 with the adjacent second band component 210. In this way, the feeding stub 3342 and the radiating stub 3344 facilitate the realization of the tri-band widening function of the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure.
[0041] Further, please refer to Figure 2 The third-band radiating sheet 336 includes interconnected radiating portions 3362 and welded bend portions 3364. The radiating portions 3362 are perpendicular to the third-band feed substrate 332, and the welded bend portions 3364 are connected to the radiating stub portions 3344. In this embodiment, the radiating portion 3362 is the radiating body of the third-band radiating sheet 336. The radiating portion 3362 is connected to the radiating stub portion 3344 through the welded bend portions 3364, which facilitates the connection between the radiating portion 3362 and the third feed stub portion 334. Furthermore, the welded bend portions 3364 have a bending angle, specifically, the bending angle of the welded bend portions 3364 is 90 degrees. The radiating part 3362 is connected to the third feed stub 334 by bending the welded corner part 3364, so that the radiating part 3362 and the third feed stub 334 are perpendicular to each other, thereby facilitating the L2 band feed radiation of the third frequency band component 310.
[0042] In one embodiment, this disclosure also provides a tri-band GNSS antenna, including the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure described in any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure includes a first frequency band radiating plate, a second frequency band component, and a third frequency band component; the first frequency band radiating plate is used to radiate the L5 frequency band; the second frequency band component includes at least two second frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, and the second frequency band element is used to radiate the L1 frequency band; the third frequency band component includes at least two third frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate, and the third frequency band element is used to radiate the L2 frequency band, and the third frequency band element and the second frequency band element are separated from each other and centrally symmetrically arranged. The second band component is used to address the L1 band, the third band component is used to address the L2 band, and the first band radiating plate is used to address the L5 band. The second and third band components are separately mounted on the first band radiating plate, allowing the second and third band components to be combined to form one type of dual-band antenna, and the second band component and the first band radiating plate to form another type of dual-band antenna, thus achieving tri-band radiation. This facilitates the spread spectrum of the tri-band antenna. Furthermore, the combination of the second and third band components and the first band radiating plate integrates two different types of dual-band antennas, effectively reducing costs.
[0043] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this disclosure, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this disclosure, and these all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure, characterized in that, include: The first frequency band radiating plate is used to radiate the L5 frequency band. The second frequency band component includes at least two second frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate. The second frequency band elements are used to radiate the L1 frequency band. The third frequency band component includes at least two third frequency band elements, each of which is disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate. The third frequency band elements are used to radiate the L2 frequency band. The third frequency band elements are separated from the second frequency band elements and are arranged symmetrically at the center.
2. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third frequency band component includes a third frequency band radiating plate disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate. The third frequency band radiating plate is used to radiate the L2 frequency band. The thickness of the third frequency band radiating plate is greater than the thickness of the second frequency band component; and / or, the height of the third frequency band radiating plate is greater than the height of the second frequency band component.
3. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third frequency band radiating plate includes a third frequency band feed substrate and at least two third feed stubs. The third frequency band feed substrate is connected to the first frequency band radiating plate, and the third feed stubs are located on the third frequency band feed substrate.
4. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two of the third feed stubs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third frequency band feed substrate.
5. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the third frequency band feed substrate is 15.5 mm to 18 mm; and / or the thickness of the third frequency band feed substrate is 1.6 mm to 2.0 mm.
6. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third frequency band radiating plate also includes at least two third frequency band radiating sheets disposed on the third frequency band feed substrate, each of the third frequency band radiating sheets being connected to a corresponding third feed stub sheet, and the third frequency band radiating sheets being used to radiate the L2 frequency band.
7. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third frequency band feed substrate is vertically disposed on the first frequency band radiating plate; and / or, two adjacent third frequency band radiating plates are disposed perpendicular to each other; and / or, the third frequency band radiating sheet is disposed perpendicular to the third frequency band feed substrate.
8. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third feed stub includes a feed stub and a radiating stub disposed on the third frequency band feed substrate. The feed stub is used to connect to the antenna feed ground terminal. The radiating stub has a U-shaped structure. One end of the radiating stub is connected to the feed stub, and the other end of the radiating stub is adjacent to the connection point between the radiating stub and the feed stub.
9. The navigation and positioning tri-frequency antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third-band radiating sheet includes interconnected radiating portions and welded bend portions. The radiating portions are arranged perpendicularly to the third-band feed substrate, and the welded bend portions are connected to the radiating branches.
10. A tri-frequency GNSS antenna, characterized in that, It includes the navigation and positioning tri-band antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.