Floating wind turbine floating body integrated high-voltage power transmission system and laying method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a floating type wind turbine floating body integrated high-voltage power transmission system and a laying method thereof, which comprises a wind turbine nacelle, a tower drum, a wind turbine foundation, a floating platform, a floating platform equipment cabin and a wave energy device; the wind turbine nacelle, the floating platform equipment cabin and the wave energy device are electrically connected through a twisted high-voltage cable; the twisted high-voltage cable comprises a high-voltage cable, a low-voltage cable, a control cable, an optical cable and an armored layer, and integrates power, power supply, control and communication functions; the floating type wind turbine floating body is integrated with high-voltage power transmission, and high-voltage, low-voltage, optical cable and control are multifunctionally integrated; the wind turbine nacelle-tower drum-tower foundation-floating platform integrated power transmission scheme; the twisted cable has functions of ±4 turns and above twisting, anti-vibration, anti-corrosion, anti-salt mist and anti-swing; the cable is laid as a whole, so that the failure points are reduced, the system loss is lowered, and the system and equipment reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine power transmission technology, specifically to a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system and its laying method. Background Technology

[0002] The transformer for the large-capacity offshore wind turbine is placed inside the bottom section of the tower. The tower has a large number of cables, which makes laying difficult and costly. Cables pile up near the saddle bridge, causing friction damage and severe heat generation, which greatly reduces the current carrying capacity. In addition, the high-voltage switchgear is placed in the same space as the transformer. High-voltage slip rings and high-voltage switchgear are designed on the floating platform. The wind turbine nacelle, tower, foundation and floating body are not integrated into a joint design, and two high-voltage switchgear are required.

[0003] Large-capacity offshore wind turbine transformers are placed in the nacelle, and high-voltage switchgear is placed at the bottom of the tower. The tower is designed with high-voltage cables, low-voltage cables, optical cables, control cables, etc. The floating platform is designed with high-voltage slip rings and high-voltage switchgear, and also requires two high-voltage switchgears. Moreover, the wind turbine nacelle-tower-tower base-floating platform are designed and laid in sections, which is difficult and costly.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an integrated high-voltage power transmission system and laying method for floating wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes an integrated high-voltage power transmission system and laying method for floating wind turbines, and carries out integrated design and innovation of floating wind turbine units, foundations and floating bodies.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system includes a wind turbine nacelle, a tower, a wind turbine foundation, a floating platform, a floating platform equipment compartment, and wave energy equipment; the wind turbine nacelle, the floating platform equipment compartment, and the wave energy equipment are electrically connected by a torsion high-voltage cable.

[0008] The twisted high-voltage cable includes a high-voltage cable, a low-voltage cable, a control cable, an optical cable, and an armor layer, integrating power, power supply, control, and communication functions.

[0009] The wind turbine nacelle is equipped with a main circuit breaker switch, a transformer, and an auxiliary power switch for the wind turbine. The main circuit breaker switch is connected to the low-voltage side of the transformer. The wind turbine generates electricity through the main circuit breaker switch and the transformer steps up the voltage.

[0010] The floating platform equipment compartment is equipped with a high-voltage power conversion device, a high-voltage switch cabinet, and a low-voltage switch.

[0011] The high-voltage cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable connects the high-voltage side of the transformer to the high-voltage conversion device, which in turn connects to the high-voltage switchgear to transmit the generated energy to the wind farm and then to the power grid.

[0012] The low-voltage cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable connects to the auxiliary power switch, low-voltage switch and wave energy equipment of the wind turbine, providing auxiliary power and backup power to the wind turbine.

[0013] The optical fiber and control cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable are connected to the wind turbine nacelle and the floating platform equipment compartment, respectively, so that the wind turbine and the floating platform can be jointly monitored and controlled through the optical fiber and control cable.

[0014] Furthermore, after the twisted high-voltage cable is led out from the wind turbine nacelle, it is laid vertically along the tower and enters the wind turbine foundation. The bottom side of the wind turbine foundation is provided with a wind turbine foundation cable opening along the cable route. The twisted high-voltage cable turns once through the wind turbine foundation cable opening and is then laid horizontally along the floating platform and enters the floating platform equipment compartment.

[0015] Furthermore, the twisted high-voltage cable has ±4 turns or more of twisting function, and also has functions such as vibration resistance, corrosion resistance, salt spray resistance, and sway resistance; the high-voltage cable of the twisted high-voltage cable has a voltage rating of 35kV or 66kV or above, and has three cores; the low-voltage cable of the twisted high-voltage cable has a voltage rating of 400V or below, and has three cores or more; the optical cable of the twisted high-voltage cable includes two multi-core optical cables; the control cable of the twisted high-voltage cable includes two or more multi-core control cables, with the same or different core counts.

[0016] Furthermore, the wave energy device is connected to the lower side of the floating platform, and the wave energy device is placed in the wave-facing direction to maximize energy capture. After capturing energy, a wave-dissipating zone is formed in the wave-dissipating direction, thereby realizing wave energy power generation on the one hand and wave dissipation function of the floating platform on the other.

[0017] A method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system, based on an integrated cable guiding system, is used to lay the system in both vertical and horizontal directions according to a 7-point marking method (markings 01-07), including the following steps:

[0018] Installation Method 1: Floating wind turbines are assembled at the dock.

[0019] The assembly of the wind turbine foundation, floating platform, and floating platform equipment compartment is completed at the assembly dock; the bottom, middle, and upper sections of the tower are hoisted; the twisted high-voltage cable is placed on a double-tap untwisted cable reel and hoisted onto the platform below the saddle bridge on the upper section of the tower.

[0020] The wind turbine nacelle and blades were hoisted and installed, followed by the laying of the high-voltage cable.

[0021] First, the inner tap of the high-voltage cable (the cable turntable has an inner and outer ring; the inner tap is on the inner ring and the outer tap is on the outer ring) is twisted upwards and laid (directly connected to the wind turbine). Simultaneously, the high-voltage cable is twisted and laid inside the nacelle, and the last fixing point 01 is fixed, completing the nacelle laying and transitioning to the tower for tower laying. The saddle bridge suspension section is laid, and the first fixing point 02 of the saddle bridge section is fixed, followed by the fixing of the remaining fixing points within this section. The outer tap cable is laid downwards along the integrated cable guide system on the inner wall of the tower to avoid scratching and abrasion between the cable and the tower's inner wall, especially in dynamic bending areas. The first fixing point 03 of the middle section of the tower is fixed, followed by the fixing of the remaining fixing points within this section. The first fixing point 04 of the lower section of the tower is fixed, followed by the fixing of the remaining fixing points within this section. Finally, the last fixing point 05 of the tower foundation is fixed.

[0022] After the high-voltage cable for the tower and wind turbine foundation sections is laid, the high-voltage cable is passed through the cable opening, reducing the cable bending radius to 5D~8D (from 15D~20D to 5D~8D, by utilizing the arc of the upward-sloping elliptical hole, the bending arc of the submarine cable is reduced, thereby reducing the bending radius of the submarine cable), which greatly reduces the turning radius and the stress on the submarine cable. Then, it is laid horizontally on the floating platform, and the first fixed point mark 06 on the floating platform is fixed, followed by the other fixed points in this section, and the last fixed point mark 07 on the floating platform is fixed. Finally, it is connected to the equipment cabin of the floating platform, completing the laying of the entire high-voltage cable.

[0023] Complete the fabrication of the terminals at both ends of the twisted high-voltage cable, and sequentially complete the connection and testing with the transformer, wind turbine auxiliary power switch, high-voltage conversion device, and low-voltage switch;

[0024] Finally, the entire aircraft was towed and transported to its parking position.

[0025] Installation Method 2: Transport the entire floating wind turbine unit to the dock.

[0026] Before transportation, the high-voltage cable is laid inside the tower by twisting the cable, and the twisted part of the cable with the tap at the inner end of the high-voltage cable is laid upward.

[0027] The cable is laid inside the nacelle. The last fixing point (01) is then secured, completing the nacelle laying. The cable then transitions to the tower for laying within the tower. The saddle bridge suspension section is laid, and the first fixing point (02) is secured, followed by the remaining fixing points within that section. The external tap cable is laid downwards along the integrated cable guide system on the inner wall of the tower to prevent scratching and abrasion between the cable and the tower wall, especially in dynamic bending areas. The first fixing point (03) is secured in the middle section of the tower, followed by the remaining fixing points within that section. The first fixing point (04) is secured in the lower section of the tower, followed by the remaining fixing points within that section. Finally, the last fixing point (05) is secured to the tower foundation.

[0028] After the tower section is laid, the remaining cables are fixed on the first-floor platform of the lower section of the tower and transported to the assembly dock along with the wind turbine. The wind turbine foundation, floating platform, and floating platform equipment compartment are then assembled at the assembly dock.

[0029] The floating wind turbine is hoisted as a whole. After hoisting, the twisted high-voltage cable is passed through the cable opening in the tower foundation. The bending radius of the cable is reduced to 5D~8D, which greatly reduces the turning radius and the stress on the submarine cable. Then, it is laid horizontally on the floating platform. The first fixing point 06 on the floating platform is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence. The last fixing point 07 on the floating platform is fixed. Finally, it is connected to the equipment cabin of the floating platform, completing the laying of the entire twisted high-voltage cable.

[0030] Complete the fabrication of the terminals at both ends of the twisted high-voltage cable, and sequentially complete the connection and testing with the transformer, wind turbine auxiliary power switch, high-voltage conversion device, and low-voltage switch;

[0031] Finally, the entire aircraft was towed and transported to its parking position.

[0032] Furthermore, the integrated cable guiding system includes a ladder, an upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing device, and the ladder, the upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing device, and the inner wall of the tower together form a closed channel; several upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing devices are arranged at intervals inside the tower.

[0033] Furthermore, the upper and lower dual-structure guiding and fixing device includes an upper structure, a lower structure, and a connecting structure. The upper structure is an openable Ω-shaped structure with an opening and closing fixing point. The lower structure is a U-shaped structure, and the upper and lower structures together hold the high-voltage twisted cable tightly.

[0034] The upper structure includes an upper adjustable slide rail bracket, a hinged sliding seat, and an opening and closing clamp. The two opening and closing clamps are installed on the upper adjustable slide rail bracket through the hinged sliding seat. The opening and closing points at the front end of the opening and closing clamps are fixed by a self-locking, shock-resistant, and anti-fall-off insert pin, forming an integral ring beam.

[0035] The lower structure includes a crossbar, a lower adjustable slide rail bracket, and a sliding locking seat. The two crossbars are arranged in parallel, and one end of each crossbar is mounted on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket via the sliding locking seat. The distance between the two crossbars can be adjusted via the sliding locking seat.

[0036] Before installing the high-voltage twisted cable, the upper structure of the double-structure guide and fixing device is in the open position. The two horizontal bars of the lower structure are adjusted outward to a suitable distance on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket to ensure that the opening diameter of both the upper and lower structures is larger than the diameter of the high-voltage twisted cable. This allows the submarine cable to be laid vertically and horizontally within the tower along the upper and lower double structures. When fixing the submarine cable, the upper structure's opening and closing clamp is closed to hold the high-voltage twisted cable tightly. The lower structure is then adjusted to hold the high-voltage twisted cable tightly. The openings of the upper and lower structures are adjusted to ensure that the submarine cable is not under stress and does not bend.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0038] 1) The floating wind turbine features an integrated design for high-voltage power transmission, integrating high-voltage, low-voltage, fiber optic, and control functions; an integrated power transmission solution for the wind turbine nacelle, tower, tower base, and floating platform; the torsion cable has ±4 turns or more of torsion capability, vibration resistance, corrosion resistance, salt spray resistance, and sway resistance; the cable is laid as a single unit, reducing fault points, lowering system losses, and improving system and equipment reliability.

[0039] 2) Dual Auxiliary Power Supply: The auxiliary transformer or the third winding of the main transformer (the auxiliary transformer is controlled by the auxiliary power switch for the wind turbine) and the wave energy generator serve as two auxiliary power sources to provide internal power for the floating wind turbine and floating platform. When the floating wind turbine is not connected to the grid, such as during hoisting, commissioning, or standby, the wave energy generator provides auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning. If the wave energy is less than the internal power consumption, the backup battery will be activated to provide auxiliary power. After the floating wind turbine is connected to the grid, the wave energy generator is preferred to provide auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning. The auxiliary transformer or the third winding of the main transformer serves as an alternative to provide auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning. Regardless of the working state or mode, it uses a dual auxiliary power supply mode to improve the reliability and safety of the internal power supply of floating wind turbines and floating platforms, and to meet all internal power needs such as dehumidification, lighting, commissioning, operation, and maintenance.

[0040] 4) Integrated cable guiding system with fixed cable length marking and bidirectional laying; the integrated cable guiding system is a closed-loop system with an integrated tower wall design, dedicated channels, and guiding devices, completely avoiding scratching and wear between the cable and the tower inner wall, especially in dynamic bending areas, significantly improving installation speed and accuracy. A 7-segment cable marking method (01-07) ensures precise cable positioning, reduces the pulling and susceptibility of the cable during laying, facilitates control of the cable bending radius, and improves power supply quality. Bidirectional laying improves cable laying efficiency, reduces the number of cable reel hoisting operations, utilizes the cable's own weight to reduce dragging and stress when laying cables downwards, and optimizes cable length control when laying cables upwards, reducing the technical requirements for lifting equipment.

[0041] 5) The integrated cable guiding system is manufactured simultaneously with the tower, saving construction time and improving laying and installation efficiency. High-voltage torsion cables are laid and fixed within a closed channel, reducing the large-scale swaying and impact of the submarine cable when the tower swings, reducing friction, and improving the safety, reliability, and service life of the submarine cable. The upper and lower dual structures and connecting structures are integrated with the tower design and manufacturing, reducing on-site welding, improving corrosion resistance, and ensuring the reliability of the fixing structure. The upper and lower dual structures can adjust the verticality of the submarine cable. Through the combination of Ω-shaped and U-shaped structures, the stress on the submarine cable is reduced, minimizing the downward displacement during its lifespan. This structure allows for a wider range of cross-sectional applications for the submarine cable.

[0042] 6) The main transformer and auxiliary transformer of the wind turbine are integrated into the design, and the electrical equipment is arranged only in the wind turbine nacelle and the floating platform equipment compartment. There is no need to place another set of electrical equipment in the tower. This reduces the number of equipment, reduces costs and failure points, and improves efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the integrated high-voltage power transmission system for the floating wind turbine body of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of cable opening structure for tower foundation;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated high-voltage power transmission system for the floating wind turbine body of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a twisted high-voltage cable structure;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of cable length marking;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated cable guiding system.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a double-structure guide and fixing device.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing fixing points of the upper structure;

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Wind turbine blade; 2. Wind turbine nacelle; 3. Torsional high-voltage cable; 4. Tower; 5. Wind turbine foundation; 6. Floating platform; 7. Floating platform equipment compartment; 8. Wave energy equipment; 9. Sea level; 10. Cable opening in tower foundation.

[0052] 21. Main circuit circuit breaker switch; 22. Transformer; 23. Auxiliary power switch for wind turbine;

[0053] 31. High-voltage cable; 32. Low-voltage cable; 33. Control cable; 34. Optical fiber cable; 35. Armor layer;

[0054] 42. Double-structured guide and fixing device; 421. Opening and closing point; 422. Opening and closing clamp; 423. Upper adjustable slide rail bracket; 424. Hinge sliding seat; 432. Crossbar; 433. Lower adjustable slide rail bracket;

[0055] 71. High-voltage conversion device; 72. High-voltage switchgear; 73. Low-voltage switch. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system includes:

[0058] 1. Wind turbine blades; 2. Wind turbine nacelle; 3. Torsional high-voltage cable; 4. Tower; 5. Wind turbine foundation; 6. Floating platform; 7. Floating platform equipment compartment; 8. Wave energy equipment; 9. Sea level; 10. Tower foundation cable opening.

[0059] The main circuit breaker switch 21, transformer 22, and wind turbine auxiliary power switch 23 are located inside the wind turbine nacelle 2.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the twisted high-voltage cable 3 includes a high-voltage cable, a low-voltage cable, an optical fiber cable, a control cable, and an armor layer (shielding); it has ±4 turns or more of twisting function. The high-voltage cable voltage level is 35kV or 66kV or above, and the high-voltage cable has three cores. The low-voltage cable voltage level is 400V or below, and has three cores or more. The optical fiber cable includes two multi-core optical fibers. The control cable consists of multiple multi-core control cables, and the number of cores can be the same or different.

[0061] The high-voltage conversion device 71, the high-voltage switchgear 72, and the low-voltage switch 73 are located inside the floating platform equipment compartment 7.

[0062] The main circuit breaker switch 21 is connected to the low-voltage side of the transformer 22, the high-voltage cable section inside the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is connected to the high-voltage side of the transformer 22, and the high-voltage conversion device 71 is connected to the high-voltage switch cabinet 72.

[0063] The low-voltage cable section inside the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is connected to the auxiliary power switch 23 of the wind turbine nacelle 2, and the low-voltage cable section inside the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is connected to the low-voltage switch 73 and the wave energy equipment 8.

[0064] The optical fiber and control cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable 3 are respectively connected to the wind turbine nacelle 2 and the floating platform equipment compartment 7.

[0065] The wave energy device 8 is connected to the lower side of the floating platform. The wave energy device is placed in the direction of the incoming waves to maximize energy capture. After capturing energy, a wave-dissipating zone is formed in the direction of wave dissipation. On the one hand, it realizes wave energy power generation, and on the other hand, it realizes the wave dissipation function of the floating platform.

[0066] Wind turbine units can be either grid-connected or grid-linked. High-voltage switchgear 72 includes 1-in-1-out, 1-in-2-out, and 1-in-3-out configurations; the twisted high-voltage cable 3 can use copper conductors, aluminum conductors, or composite conductors, covering voltage levels from 66kV upwards to downwards. It is not limited to the above.

[0067] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the present invention employs a torsion high-voltage cable 3 to achieve an integrated design of floating wind turbine, wind turbine foundation, and floating platform for power transmission.

[0068] The power transmission method includes high-voltage cable power transmission, low-voltage cable as auxiliary power channel, optical fiber signal transmission, and control signal transmission. The wind turbine generator generates electricity and steps up the voltage through the main circuit circuit breaker switch 21 and transformer 22; the high-voltage cable section of the twisted high-voltage cable 3, the high-voltage converter 71, and the high-voltage switchgear 72 transmit the generated energy to the wind farm and the power grid; the low-voltage cable section of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 connects to the low-voltage switch 73, the low-voltage switch 23, and the wave energy device 8 to provide auxiliary and backup power for the wind turbine generator.

[0069] The auxiliary transformer or the third winding of the main transformer of the floating wind turbine and the wave energy generation device serve as two auxiliary power sources to provide internal power for the floating wind turbine and floating platform. When the floating wind turbine is not connected to the grid, such as during hoisting, commissioning, or standby, the wave energy generation provides auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning. When the wave energy is less than the internal power consumption, the backup battery is activated to provide auxiliary power. After the floating wind turbine is connected to the grid, wave energy generation is preferred to provide auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning. The auxiliary transformer or the third winding of the main transformer serves as an alternative to provide auxiliary power for the wind turbine and floating platform, including internal power for dehumidification, lighting, and commissioning.

[0070] Wave energy device 8 generates electricity to provide moisture protection, dehumidification, lighting, commissioning, and maintenance for the equipment inside the floating platform equipment compartment 7. The optical fiber and control cable sections of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 connect the wind turbine and the floating platform, enabling joint monitoring and control of the wind turbine and the floating platform through the optical fiber.

[0071] The wind turbine nacelle, tower, foundation, and floating platform are connected by a single twisted high-voltage cable 3. The protection function is achieved by the main circuit breaker switch 21, the high-voltage switch cabinet 72, the wind turbine auxiliary power switch 23, and the low-voltage switch 73.

[0072] The laying method for the integrated high-voltage power transmission system of the floating wind turbine adopts a single, uninterrupted, and fixed-length laying method. An inclined cable opening is made on the bottom side of the wind turbine foundation 5, following the cable route. The cable is laid from the tower and tower foundation with only one bend, then horizontally along the floating platform. The opening method of the cable opening 10 in the tower foundation increases the radius of the high-voltage cable (number 3) to facilitate the laying of the high-voltage cable and prevent seawater and salt spray from entering the foundation.

[0073] Specifically as follows:

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment: Based on an integrated cable guiding system, the cable is laid using a 7-segment marking method, in both vertical and horizontal directions. The cable is marked with 7 points, labeled 01-07. Marker 01: The last fixing point inside the nacelle, after which the laying begins inside the tower. Marker 02: The first fixing point on the saddle bridge section inside the tower. Marker 03: The first fixing point on the middle section of the tower. Marker 04: The first fixing point on the lower section of the tower. Marker 05: The last fixing point on the tower foundation. Marker 06: The first fixing point on the floating platform. Marker 07: The last fixing point on the floating platform.

[0075] Marker 01 - The first fixing point for the cable entering the nacelle. Its purpose is to position and secure the cable after it bends vertically from the tower into the horizontal wind turbine nacelle. Marker 02 - The first fixing point below the upper tower saddle bridge. Its purpose is to facilitate the suspended cable laying at the tower saddle bridge after Markers 01 and 02 are secured. A double-tap cable reel is placed on the platform below Marker 02. The cable is laid upwards at the inner tap and downwards at the outer tap, simultaneously reducing the construction period and improving efficiency. Marker 03 - The first fixing point in the middle tower section; Marker 04 - The first fixing point in the lower tower section; Marker 05 - The fixing point before the cable enters the floating platform from the tower base. After Markers 03, 04, and 05 are secured, the cable fixing at other points within that tower section or tower base can be carried out simultaneously. Marker 06 - The first fixing point inside the floating platform. Its purpose is to position and secure the cable after it bends from vertical to horizontal. Marker 07 - This is a fixed point before the cable enters the floating platform equipment compartment. Its purpose is to position and secure the cable before it bends from horizontal to vertical. This achieves precise length and positioning of the entire high-voltage cable, avoids repeated pulling, and simultaneously secures it during laying, reducing the laying cycle.

[0076] Laying Method 1: The floating platform (floating platform 6, floating platform equipment compartment 7, wind turbine foundation 5) is assembled at the assembly wharf. The bottom, middle and upper sections of the tower are hoisted. The twisted high-voltage cable is placed on a double-tap untwisted cable reel and hoisted onto the platform below the saddle bridge of the upper section of the tower. The wind turbine nacelle and wind turbine blades are hoisted.

[0077] After hoisting, the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid. The inner tap cable of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid upwards, and the twisted portion is fixed inside the tower once the fixed length mark is visible. The outer tap cable is laid downwards along the fixed bracket on the inner wall of the tower. The twisted high-voltage cable 3 is fixed sequentially according to the fixed length mark. After the tower and foundation sections are laid, the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid horizontally through the cable opening 10 in the tower foundation onto the floating platform, and finally connected to the equipment compartment 7 of the floating platform, completing the laying of the entire twisted high-voltage cable 3. The terminations at both ends of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 are then fabricated, and connections to the transformer 22, wind turbine auxiliary power switch 23, high-voltage conversion device 71, and low-voltage switch 73 are completed sequentially, followed by testing.

[0078] Method 2: If the floating wind turbine is transported as a whole to the assembly dock, the cable of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid inside the tower before transportation. The inner tap cable of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid upwards, and the first fixed point fixation inside the tower is performed after the fixed length mark is seen; the outer tap cable is laid downwards along the fixed bracket on the inner wall of the tower; the fixed points of the twisted high-voltage cable 3 are fixed in sequence. After the tower section is laid, the remaining cable is fixed on the first-floor platform of the lower tower section and transported to the assembly dock with the wind turbine.

[0079] The floating platform (floating platform 6, floating platform equipment compartment 7, wind turbine foundation 5) is assembled at the assembly dock. The floating wind turbine is then hoisted as a whole. After hoisting, the twisted high-voltage cable 3 is laid horizontally on the floating platform through the cable opening 10 of the tower foundation and finally connected to the floating platform equipment compartment 7, thus completing the laying of the entire twisted high-voltage cable 3.

[0080] Complete the fabrication of the terminals at both ends of the twisted high-voltage cable 3, and sequentially complete the connection with the transformer 22, the auxiliary power switch 23 of the wind turbine, the high-voltage conversion device 71, and the low-voltage switch 73, and conduct tests.

[0081] Then the entire aircraft was towed and transported to its parking position.

[0082] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, the integrated cable guiding system includes a ladder 41 and an upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing device 42. The ladder 41, the upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing device 42, and the inner wall of the tower 4 together form a closed channel. Several upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing devices 42 are arranged at intervals inside the tower 4. The upper and lower double-structure guiding and fixing device 42 includes an upper structure, a lower structure, and a connecting bracket. The upper structure is an openable Ω-shaped structure, and the upper structure is provided with an opening and closing fixing point 421. The lower structure is a U-shaped structure. The upper structure and the lower structure together hold the high-voltage twisted cable tightly.

[0083] The upper structure includes an upper adjustable slide rail bracket 423, a hinged sliding seat 424, and an opening and closing clamp 422. The two opening and closing clamps 422 are installed on the upper adjustable slide rail bracket 423 through the hinged sliding seat 424. The opening and closing point 421 at the front end of the opening and closing clamp 422 is fixed by a self-locking, shock-resistant, and anti-fall-off insert pin, forming an integral ring beam.

[0084] The lower structure includes a crossbar 432, a lower adjustable slide rail bracket 433, and a sliding locking seat. The two crossbars 432 are arranged in parallel, and one end of them is mounted on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket 433 via the sliding locking seat. The distance between the two crossbars 432 can be adjusted via the sliding locking seat.

[0085] The upper structure, lower structure, and connecting brackets are all made of high-strength stainless steel, making them suitable for highly corrosive marine environments with high salinity and humidity, and suitable for various operating conditions of floating offshore wind turbines; they are also suitable for extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and giant waves.

[0086] Before the installation of the high-voltage twisted cable 3, the upper structure opening and closing clamp 422 of the upper and lower double structure guide fixing device 42 is in the open state. The two horizontal bars 432 of the lower structure are adjusted outward at appropriate distances on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket 433 to ensure that the opening diameter of the upper and lower structures is larger than the diameter of the high-voltage twisted cable 3. This allows the submarine cable to be laid up and down in the tower along the upper and lower double structures. When fixing the submarine cable, the upper structure opening and closing clamp 422 is closed to hold the high-voltage twisted cable 3 tightly. The lower structure is adjusted to hold the high-voltage twisted cable 3 tightly. The openings of the upper and lower structures are adjusted so that the submarine cable is not under stress and does not bend.

[0087] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented based on the above embodiments without creative effort should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system, characterized in that, The transmission system includes a wind turbine nacelle (2), a tower (4), a wind turbine foundation (5), a floating platform (6), a floating platform equipment compartment (7), and wave energy equipment (8); the wind turbine nacelle (2), the floating platform equipment compartment (7), and the wave energy equipment (8) are electrically connected by a twisted high-voltage cable (3); The twisted high-voltage cable (3) includes a high-voltage cable (31), a low-voltage cable (32), a control cable (33), an optical cable (34), and an armor layer (35), integrating power, power supply, control, and communication functions. The wind turbine nacelle (2) is equipped with a main circuit breaker switch (21), a transformer (22), and a wind turbine auxiliary power switch (23); the main circuit breaker switch (21) is connected to the low-voltage side of the transformer (22); the wind turbine generates electricity by stepping up the voltage through the main circuit breaker switch (21) and the transformer (22); The floating platform equipment cabin (7) is equipped with a high-voltage power conversion device (71), a high-voltage switch cabinet (72), and a low-voltage switch (73). The high-voltage cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable connects the high-voltage side of the transformer (22) to the high-voltage power conversion device (71), and the high-voltage power conversion device (71) connects to the high-voltage switchgear (72) to transmit the generated energy to the wind farm and the power grid; The low-voltage cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable (3) is connected to the auxiliary power switch (23), low-voltage switch (73), and wave energy equipment (8) of the wind turbine, providing auxiliary power and backup power for the wind turbine; The optical cable and control cable inside the twisted high-voltage cable (3) are connected to the wind turbine nacelle (2) and the floating platform equipment compartment (7) respectively, and the wind turbine and the floating platform are jointly monitored and controlled through the optical cable and control cable; The laying method, based on an integrated cable guiding system, follows a 7-point marking method and includes the following steps: For floating wind turbines assembled at the dock, the installation process is as follows: The assembly of the wind turbine foundation, floating platform, and floating platform equipment compartment is completed at the assembly dock; the bottom, middle, and upper sections of the tower are hoisted; the twisted high-voltage cable is placed on a double-tap untwisted cable reel and hoisted onto the platform below the saddle bridge on the upper section of the tower. The wind turbine nacelle and blades are hoisted and installed, followed by the laying of the high-voltage cable. First, twist the inner end of the high-voltage cable and lay the twisted section upwards. At the same time, twist the high-voltage cable and lay it in the nacelle. Fix the first fixed point in the nacelle (marked 01), and fix the remaining fixed points in the nacelle in sequence to complete the nacelle laying. Then, transition to the tower and begin laying in the tower. Lay the saddle bridge suspension section and fix the first fixed point in the saddle bridge section (marked 02), and fix the remaining fixed points in the section in sequence. The external tap cable is laid downwards along the integrated cable guide system on the inner wall of the tower; the first fixing point 03 in the middle section of the tower is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence; the first fixing point 04 in the lower section of the tower is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence; the last fixing point 05 in the tower foundation is fixed. After the high-voltage cable for the tower and wind turbine foundation section is laid, the high-voltage cable is passed through the cable opening and then laid horizontally on the floating platform. The first fixed point 06 on the floating platform is fixed, and the remaining fixed points in the section are fixed in sequence. The last fixed point 07 on the floating platform is then fixed. Finally, it is connected to the equipment compartment of the floating platform to complete the laying of the entire high-voltage cable.

2. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, For floating wind turbine units transported to the dock, the installation process is as follows: Before transportation, the high-voltage cable is laid inside the tower by twisting the cable, and the twisted part of the cable with the tap at the inner end of the high-voltage cable is laid upward. The cable is laid in the nacelle. The last fixing mark 01 in the nacelle is fixed to complete the nacelle laying and transition to the tower to start the tower laying. The saddle bridge suspension section is laid. The first fixing mark 02 of the saddle bridge section is fixed and the remaining fixing marks in the section are fixed in sequence. The external tap cable is laid downwards along the integrated cable guide system on the inner wall of the tower to avoid scratching and abrasion between the cable and the inner wall of the tower. In the dynamic bending area, the first fixing point 03 in the middle section of the tower is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence. The first fixing point 04 in the lower section of the tower is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence. The last fixing point 05 in the tower foundation is fixed. After the tower section is laid, the remaining cables are fixed on the first-floor platform of the lower section of the tower and transported to the assembly dock along with the wind turbine. The wind turbine foundation, floating platform, and floating platform equipment compartment are then assembled at the assembly dock. The floating wind turbine is hoisted as a whole. After hoisting, the twisted high-voltage cable is passed through the cable opening in the tower foundation. The bending radius of the cable is reduced to 5D~8D, which greatly reduces the turning radius and the stress on the submarine cable. Then, it is laid horizontally on the floating platform. The first fixing point 06 on the floating platform is fixed, and the remaining fixing points in this section are fixed in sequence. The last fixing point 07 on the floating platform is fixed. Finally, it is connected to the equipment cabin of the floating platform, completing the laying of the entire twisted high-voltage cable.

3. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the twisted high-voltage cable (3) is led out from the wind turbine nacelle (2), it is laid vertically along the tower (4) and enters the wind turbine foundation (5). The bottom side of the wind turbine foundation (5) is provided with a wind turbine foundation cable opening (10) along the cable route. The twisted high-voltage cable (3) turns once through the wind turbine foundation cable opening (10) and is then laid horizontally along the floating platform (6) and enters the floating platform equipment compartment (7).

4. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The twisted high-voltage cable (3) has a twisting function of ±4 turns or more; the high-voltage cable of the twisted high-voltage cable (3) is 35kV or 66kV or above, and has three cores; the low-voltage cable of the twisted high-voltage cable (3) is 400V or below, and has three cores or more; the optical cable of the twisted high-voltage cable (3) contains two multi-core optical cables; the control cable of the twisted high-voltage cable (3) contains two or more multi-core control cables with the same or different cores.

5. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave energy device (8) is connected to the lower side of the floating platform. The wave energy device is placed in the direction of the waves to maximize energy capture. After capturing energy, a wave-dissipating zone is formed in the direction of wave dissipation. On the one hand, wave energy is generated, and on the other hand, the floating platform is used for wave dissipation.

6. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated cable guiding system includes a ladder (41) and an upper and lower double structure guiding and fixing device (42). The ladder (41), the upper and lower double structure guiding and fixing device (42) and the inner wall of the tower (4) together form a closed channel. Several upper and lower double structure guiding and fixing devices (42) are arranged at intervals inside the tower (4).

7. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower double structure guide fixing device (42) includes an upper structure, a lower structure and a connecting bracket. The upper structure is an openable Ω-shaped structure and the lower structure is a U-shaped structure. One end of the connecting bracket is connected to the upper structure and the other end is connected to the lower structure. The upper structure and the lower structure together hold the twisted high voltage cable (3).

8. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper structure includes an upper adjustable slide rail bracket (423), a hinged sliding seat (424), and an opening and closing clamp (422). The two opening and closing clamps (422) are respectively installed on the upper adjustable slide rail bracket (423) through the hinged sliding seat (424). The opening and closing points (421) at the front ends of the two opening and closing clamps (422) are fixed by self-locking anti-vibration and anti-fall-off insert pins to form an integral ring beam.

9. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower structure includes a crossbar (432), a lower adjustable slide rail bracket (433), and a sliding locking seat. The two crossbars (432) are arranged in parallel, and one end is mounted on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket (433) through the sliding locking seat. The distance between the two crossbars (432) can be adjusted through the sliding locking seat.

10. The method for laying a floating wind turbine integrated high-voltage power transmission system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The external tap cable is laid downward along the integrated cable guide system on the inner wall of the tower. The specific process is as follows: Before the installation of the twisted high-voltage cable (3), the upper structure opening and closing clamp (422) of the upper and lower double structure guide fixing device (42) is in the open state. The two horizontal bars (432) of the lower structure are adjusted outward at appropriate distances on the lower adjustable slide rail bracket (433) to ensure that the opening diameter of the upper and lower structures is greater than the diameter of the twisted high-voltage cable (3). The submarine cable is laid up and down in the tower along the upper and lower double structures. When the submarine cable is fixed, the upper structure opening and closing clamp (422) is closed to hold the twisted high-voltage cable (3). The lower structure is adjusted to hold the twisted high-voltage cable (3). The openings of the upper and lower structures are adjusted so that the submarine cable is not under force and is not bent.

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