Modular power grid static safety analysis system based on communication system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system, and relates to the field, and the system comprises a hardware layer, a software layer, a training application layer and a user interaction layer which are in data interaction connection in sequence. The hardware layer is used for accessing and driving retired power equipment, and the training application layer provides equipment cognition, simulation training, practical operation training, examination evaluation and data management functions based on a processing result of the software layer; and the user interaction layer is used for realizing operation interaction and information feedback between students and the platform. According to the modular power grid static safety analysis system based on the communication system, decommissioned power equipment is accessed to the hardware layer to be reused, the practical training cost is reduced, and the user interaction layer strengthens the operation specification and authority management and guarantees the practical training safety. A closed loop from equipment data acquisition to user interaction feedback is integrally formed, the problems of high cost, insufficient scene coverage and the like of a traditional practical training system are solved, and the training requirements of power personnel are efficiently met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of technology, specifically to a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system. Background Technology

[0002] Relay protection simulation systems are key tools in the power industry for simulating real power system operation and fault conditions. They enable power workers to study and test the performance and reliability of relay protection devices without affecting actual power system operation, improving employees' ability to handle defects. Furthermore, the country advocates green and low-carbon development, promoting the reuse of obsolete equipment and the sustainability of educational resources. With technological advancements, the maturity of real-time simulation, IoT communication, and domestically produced chip technology provides technical support for modular system design.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, a modular power grid static safety analysis device based on a communication system can be referenced from existing technology (Chinese patent application number CN201020527220.7, application date 2010-09-14). This device uses real-time data collected by a computer network and data acquisition module to communicate with a communication server via an optical fiber interface and send it to a real-time monitoring and control module for various processing and transformations. All relevant data and parameters are stored in a historical data storage module. Finally, a machine running advanced power grid application software acts as a fault information output module, which can retrieve processed data from the storage module to provide decision-making tools for operation personnel and dispatchers. Dispatchers can proactively study potential instability factors of the power grid through a human-machine dialogue window.

[0004] However, traditional relay protection training systems rely on brand-new equipment, which is costly and rapidly updated, leading to a waste of educational resources. Some power companies, due to limited resources, face numerous difficulties in providing relay protection technical training guidance to young employees. Meanwhile, the integration of new energy sources into the grid and the development of smart grids have placed higher demands on relay protection technology, making it difficult for existing training systems to cover the simulation needs of complex fault scenarios.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system, addressing the aforementioned issues raised in the background. Traditional relay protection training systems on the market rely on entirely new equipment, resulting in high costs and rapid updates, leading to a waste of educational resources. Furthermore, some power companies face difficulties in providing relay protection technical training to young employees due to limitations. Simultaneously, the integration of new energy sources into the grid and the development of smart grids place higher demands on relay protection technology, making it difficult for existing training systems to cover the simulation needs of complex fault scenarios.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system, comprising a hardware layer, a software layer, a training application layer, and a user interaction layer that are sequentially connected for data interaction; The hardware layer is used to access and drive decommissioned power equipment and collect equipment operating status data. The software layer is used to process the data collected by the hardware layer to realize fault simulation and training process control. The training application layer, based on the processing results of the software layer, provides functions such as equipment cognition, simulation training, hands-on training, assessment and evaluation, and data management. The user interaction layer is used to enable students to interact with the platform and receive information feedback.

[0008] Preferably, the hardware layer includes a decommissioned equipment access module, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power management module, and a training operation platform. The decommissioned equipment access module connects to the decommissioned power equipment through standardized interfaces and adapters to achieve physical and electrical compatibility between the equipment and the platform. The data acquisition and transmission module is used to collect electrical parameters and mechanical status data of the decommissioned equipment in real time and transmit them to the software layer. The power management module provides stable power supply to each component of the hardware layer and has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions. The training operation platform adopts an ergonomic design for trainees to perform practical operations and display equipment status.

[0009] Preferably, the decommissioned equipment access module includes an electrical isolation unit, the insulation resistance of which is ≥10MΩ, used to isolate the high-voltage circuit of the decommissioned equipment from the low-voltage training environment.

[0010] Preferably, the software layer includes a data layer, a business logic layer, and a presentation layer; The data layer stores parameters of decommissioned equipment, training course data, and trainee operation records. The business logic layer integrates fault simulation algorithms, protection action logic models, and training process control programs. The presentation layer is used to transform the processing results of the business logic layer into visual interface data.

[0011] Preferably, the training application layer includes: The equipment cognition module is used to display the physical structure of decommissioned power equipment and explain its working principle through multimedia. The simulation training module is used to simulate fault scenarios such as short circuits and grounding in power systems, as well as the operating logic of relay protection devices. The practical training module, based on the modified decommissioned equipment, provides hands-on training projects such as protection device installation, wiring, and troubleshooting; The assessment module automatically generates assessment scores and evaluation reports through theoretical exams, practical assessments, and simulation exercises. The data management module is used to store and analyze trainee information, training records, and equipment status data.

[0012] Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission module includes a sensor group, a signal conditioning circuit, and a high-speed communication unit; The sensor array is used to collect current, voltage, temperature, and mechanical characteristic parameters of the decommissioned equipment. The signal conditioning circuit filters and amplifies the acquired signal; The high-speed communication unit transmits the processed data to the software layer via Ethernet or RS485 protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the user interaction layer includes a visual operation interface, a secure operation guidance module, and a user permission management module; The visual user interface displays training courses, fault simulations, and data statistics. The safety operation guidance module provides real-time prompts for operating procedures and risk warnings; The user permission management module assigns operation permissions based on the student's identity.

[0014] Preferably, the power management module includes a main power input unit, an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a backup power module; The main power input unit converts AC220V alternating current to DC12V / 24V direct current; The backup power module is a UPS emergency power supply unit, which ensures the safe shutdown of the system in the event of a sudden power outage.

[0015] Preferably, the practical training module is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system that records the trainee's operation process, action sequence, and data changes in real time, and provides operation error prompts and guidance.

[0016] Preferably, the business logic layer of the software layer adopts a component-based design, which supports flexible updates and expansions of fault simulation algorithms and protection logic models, and adapts to the training needs of complex scenarios such as new energy grid connection and smart grid.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This modular power grid static safety analysis system based on a communication system enables the reuse of decommissioned power equipment by connecting it to the hardware layer, reducing training costs and aligning with the concept of green and low-carbon development. The software layer adopts a component-based design, supporting flexible updates to fault simulation algorithms and protection logic models, adapting to the training needs of complex scenarios such as new energy grid connection and smart grids. The training application layer provides functions such as equipment cognition, simulation training, and hands-on training, combined with intelligent monitoring and automatic assessment to improve training effectiveness. The hardware layer has electrical isolation and safe power supply protection, while the user interaction layer strengthens operational procedures and access control to ensure training safety. The entire system forms a closed loop from equipment data acquisition to user interaction feedback, solving problems such as high cost and insufficient scenario coverage in traditional training systems, and efficiently meeting the training needs of power personnel. Specific details are as follows: 1. The system connects to decommissioned power equipment through standardized interfaces and adapters at the hardware layer. Combined with electrical isolation units (insulation resistance ≥10MΩ), it achieves isolation between high-voltage circuits and low-voltage environments, realizing the resource utilization of waste equipment, ensuring training safety, reducing dependence on brand-new equipment, and reducing resource waste.

[0018] 2. The software layer and business logic layer integrate fault simulation algorithms, which can simulate fault scenarios such as short circuits and grounding. Combined with the simulation training and practical training modules of the training application layer, it covers the entire process from theoretical understanding to practical exercises, solves the problem of insufficient simulation of complex fault scenarios in traditional systems, and improves the comprehensive ability of trainees.

[0019] 3. The user interaction layer features a visual interface and a safety guidance module, which, combined with the assessment module's automatic scoring and report generation functions, enables standardized management and accurate evaluation of the training process. Meanwhile, user access control ensures orderly operation and optimizes training efficiency and management convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware layer structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the software layer structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall framework and working structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system.

[0023] This embodiment discloses a modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system. It aims to build an integrated platform covering equipment cognition, simulation training, practical training, and assessment by reusing decommissioned power equipment, thus solving the problems of high cost and insufficient scenario coverage in traditional training systems. The following details the system structure and workflow: Example 1: Specific implementation of the system hardware layer, combined with the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The hardware layer serves as the core of the system's data acquisition and device driving. Specifically, it includes connecting retired power equipment such as relay protection devices, circuit breakers, and transformers through standardized interfaces and customized adapters. The module has a built-in electrical isolation unit that completely isolates the original 10kV high-voltage circuit of the equipment from the 24V low-voltage system of the training environment to ensure operational safety.

[0024] Sensor group: Equipped with Hall current sensor (range 0-500A), voltage sensor (0-10kV), temperature sensor (-20℃~120℃) and mechanical characteristic sensor, to collect parameters such as current, voltage, temperature rise and opening and closing time of the equipment in real time.

[0025] Signal conditioning circuit: Filters (cutoff frequency 50Hz) and amplifies (gain 100 times) the acquired weak signal to eliminate noise interference.

[0026] High-speed communication unit: transmits processed data to the software layer via Ethernet (transmission rate 100Mbps), and can be switched to RS485 protocol (transmission distance ≤1200m) for remote training scenarios.

[0027] Power Management Module Main power input unit: Converts AC220V mains power to DC12V (output current 5A) and DC24V (output current 10A) to power sensors, communication units, etc.

[0028] Protection circuit: Integrated varistor (overvoltage threshold 270V) and resettable fuse (overcurrent threshold 15A) to achieve overvoltage and overcurrent protection.

[0029] Backup power: Equipped with a 1kVA UPS, which can maintain system operation for 30 minutes after a power outage, ensuring data preservation and safe shutdown.

[0030] Practical training platform Adopting an ergonomic design, it integrates a control panel, status indicator lights, and an emergency stop button. Trainees can perform practical operations such as starting and stopping the equipment and adjusting parameters through the panel. The indicator lights display the equipment's operating status in real time (green for normal and red for fault).

[0031] Example 2: Specific implementation of the system software layer, combined with the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 The software layer is developed based on an industrial control software architecture, specifically including: Data layer Three core types of data are stored using a MySQL database: Equipment parameter library: Records the original parameters of retired equipment, such as model, rated voltage, and protection settings (e.g., the rated current of a retired circuit breaker is 1250A and the opening time is ≤50ms).

[0032] Training course library: contains 20 standardized courses covering relay protection principles, fault diagnosis, and other topics, and supports custom course editing.

[0033] Operation Log Database: Stores the student's operation steps, time consumption, and data change curves. The size of a single record is ≤1MB.

[0034] Business Logic Layer Developed using C++, it integrates three core modules: Fault simulation algorithm: It can simulate 10 typical faults such as three-phase short circuit, single-phase grounding, and open circuit, with a simulation accuracy error of ≤2%.

[0035] Protection action logic model: reproduces the action characteristics of protection devices from different manufacturers, and supports custom configuration of logic formulas.

[0036] Process control procedure: Resources are automatically allocated according to the training process of "cognition → simulation → hands-on practice → assessment", with a response time of ≤100ms.

[0037] Presentation layer A visual interface was developed based on the Qt framework, which transforms the processing results of the business logic layer into dynamic charts (such as current waveforms and protection action timing diagrams). The interface refresh rate is 50Hz and supports multi-screen linkage display.

[0038] Example 3: Specific Implementation of Training the Application Layer The training application layer is designed with five functional modules focused on enhancing learners' capabilities: Device Recognition Module The internal structure of decommissioned equipment (such as transformer cores and windings) is displayed through 3D modeling, accompanied by voice narration (supporting Chinese / English) and animation demonstrations (such as the opening and closing process of circuit breakers). Trainees can disassemble the virtual equipment through mouse interaction and view the working principle of key components.

[0039] Simulation training module In constructing a digital twin power grid scenario, trainees can manually set the fault type (such as setting a 10kV line A-phase grounding). The system automatically generates fault current and voltage data, simulates the tripping action of the protection device, and displays the action logic tree.

[0040] Practical training module Based on the modified retired equipment, five practical projects were designed: Wiring of protection devices (provides automatic detection of incorrect wiring, such as issuing an audible and visual alarm when the polarity of the current transformer is reversed); Fixed value adjustment (supports comparison between student input value and standard value, prompts correction when deviation exceeds 5%). Troubleshooting (10 types of hidden faults are preset, such as poor contact and loose plugs. The system records the troubleshooting steps and keeps track of the time).

[0041] The module has a built-in intelligent monitoring system that records the operation process through cameras and sensors, with an accuracy rate of ≥95%.

[0042] Assessment and Evaluation Module Automatically generate assessment content: Theory exam: 50 questions will be randomly selected (multiple choice, true / false, and short answer), with a total score of 100 points and a passing score of 60 points.

[0043] Practical assessment: Designated fault scenarios (such as "transformer differential protection malfunction"), assessment indicators include troubleshooting time, operational standardization, and fault resolution rate.

[0044] Simulation exercises: assess trainees' ability to cope with complex scenarios (such as line faults when new energy is connected to the grid).

[0045] An evaluation report will be generated within 10 seconds after the assessment, including the score, analysis of incorrect answers, and suggestions for areas where skills are lacking.

[0046] Data Management Module Training data is displayed in real time using a data dashboard: Student Dimensions: Individual historical performance trend, skills mastery radar chart; Equipment dimension: Number of uses, failure rate, and maintenance records of retired equipment; Course-related dimensions: Number of participants, average score, and statistics on difficulties for each course.

[0047] Example 4: Specific Implementation of the User Interaction Layer The user interaction layer achieves human-computer interaction through a combination of software and hardware: Visual operation interface It is divided into a course selection area (left), a real-time data area (middle), and an assessment results area (right). It supports touch screen operation and keyboard and mouse operation, and the interface language can be switched (Chinese, English, Japanese).

[0048] Safety Operation Guide Module When trainees perform high-risk operations (such as disconnecting wires without disconnecting power), the system will provide risk warnings via voice and pop-up windows, and display illustrations of standard operating procedures. If a trainee commits three violations, their operating privileges will be locked.

[0049] User permission management module There are three levels of access control: Trainees: can participate in training and view their individual performance; Teachers: Can edit courses, manually grade, and view data for the entire class; Administrator: Can manage device parameters, assign permissions, and back up the database.

[0050] Example 5: System Workflow Example Taking the "10kV line short circuit fault handling" training as an example, the process is as follows: Trainees log in to the system through the user interaction layer and select the "simulation + hands-on" training mode; The hardware-layer decommissioned equipment access module starts the 10kV line simulation device, the power management module supplies power, and the data acquisition module begins to collect baseline data. The software layer and business logic layer generate a "three-phase short circuit" fault model, and the presentation layer displays the voltage / current waveforms before the fault on the interface. Trainees trigger faults through the training console, the data acquisition module uploads fault data in real time, the software layer calculates the protection action time (e.g., 0.2 seconds), and drives the decommissioned protection device to simulate tripping; The practical training module records the trainees' troubleshooting process (such as measuring insulation and checking protection settings) and provides prompts for operational errors in real time. The assessment module automatically scores the results (e.g., 85 points) and generates an assessment report that includes "insufficient understanding of the logic of protective actions"; The data management module stores the training records for this session, the user interaction layer displays the final results, and the process ends. Example 6:

[0051] In the reuse technology of decommissioned power equipment, there are various low-cost equipment retrofitting schemes that can simulate the parameters of high-cost equipment and replace it in relay protection training platforms. The following are some of the alternative schemes studied in this project: (1) Simulate the opening and closing signals of a circuit breaker by connecting two time relays together. Two coils are obtained by disassembling the time relay. They are cleverly assembled to drag each other, and the normally open and normally closed contacts are used as circuit breaker position contacts to realize the simulation of circuit breaker opening and closing and position signal acquisition.

[0052] (2) Magnetic latching relay and time delay circuit simulate the energy storage and opening / closing process of circuit breaker A time-delay circuit is designed to simulate the energy storage and opening / closing process of a circuit breaker using a power-off time-delay relay. When the coil is energized, the normally closed contact of the power-off time-delay relay immediately actuates, and resets after a delay upon power failure. By adjusting the parameters of the time relay, different states of the circuit breaker during the energy storage process can be simulated; for example, closing the circuit breaker is prohibited until energy storage is complete, and the next closing operation can only be performed after energy storage is complete.

[0053] This scheme can be used to simulate the spring operating mechanism of a circuit breaker, realizing the simulation of actions such as energy storage, closing, and opening. It is suitable for circuit breaker operation simulation in relay protection training platforms.

[0054] (3) Combining virtual simulation technology with programmable logic controllers to construct a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system is constructed by combining virtual power distribution network transmission lines with a programmable logic controller (PLC). The virtual power distribution network transmission lines run a power line model through an embedded simulation device, while the PLC is responsible for collecting line status values ​​and issuing control commands based on protection action algorithms.

[0055] This solution can be used in relay protection training platforms, enabling students to learn about relay protection in a virtual environment and improve their professional skills. At the same time, the use of virtual simulation technology significantly reduces reliance on high-cost physical equipment.

[0056] (4) The embedded simulation device is combined with the host computer to realize a low-cost relay protection teaching experimental platform. An embedded device based on the ARM architecture runs a power line model, connecting to a programmable logic controller (PLC, actual relay protection device, or PLC) via an I / O interface and communicating with a host computer program through a communication protocol. The host computer program can display the current operating status of the virtual power distribution network transmission line model, realizing a visualization function for teaching.

[0057] This solution is applicable to the relay protection teaching and training platform, and can achieve efficient hardware-in-the-loop virtual simulation at low cost, enabling students to systematically understand the entire experimental process.

[0058] (5) Self-made current transformer and voltage transformer Current and voltage transformers can be made using low-cost materials such as ferrite cores, enameled wires, and plastic casings. By optimizing the design and winding process, similar measurement accuracy and performance to high-cost commercial transformers can be achieved.

[0059] The self-made current transformer can be used for current and voltage measurement in the relay protection training platform, reducing equipment costs while meeting teaching and experimental needs.

[0060] This embodiment achieves resource utilization of decommissioned equipment through modular design, and combines communication technology and simulation algorithms to meet the full-process training needs of power personnel from basic knowledge to handling complex scenarios, while taking into account both safety and scalability.

[0061] (6) Utilize existing enterprise servers and switches to build a cloud platform using hyper-converged software. By supplementing necessary components (such as 10 Gigabit network cards, high-speed SSD disks, etc.), the platform performance can be improved to meet the computing and storage resource requirements of the relay protection training platform.

[0062] This solution is suitable for relay protection training platforms that require large-scale computing and storage resources. By utilizing existing equipment to build a cloud platform, equipment costs can be greatly reduced.

[0063] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular power grid static security analysis system based on a communication system, comprising a hardware layer, a software layer, a training application layer, and a user interaction layer that are sequentially connected for data interaction; The hardware layer is used to access and drive decommissioned power equipment and collect equipment operating status data. The software layer is used to process the data collected by the hardware layer to realize fault simulation and training process control. The training application layer, based on the processing results of the software layer, provides functions such as equipment cognition, simulation training, hands-on training, assessment and evaluation, and data management. The user interaction layer is used to enable students to interact with the platform and receive information feedback.

2. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardware layer includes a decommissioned equipment access module, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power management module, and a training operation platform. The decommissioned equipment access module connects to the decommissioned power equipment through standardized interfaces and adapters to achieve physical and electrical compatibility between the equipment and the platform. The data acquisition and transmission module is used to collect electrical parameters and mechanical status data of the decommissioned equipment in real time and transmit them to the software layer. The power management module provides stable power supply to all components of the hardware layer and has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions. The training operation platform adopts an ergonomic design for trainees to perform practical operations and display equipment status.

3. The platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The decommissioned equipment access module includes an electrical isolation unit with an insulation resistance ≥10MΩ, used to isolate the high-voltage circuit of the decommissioned equipment from the low-voltage training environment.

4. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The software layer includes a data layer, a business logic layer, and a presentation layer; The data layer stores parameters of decommissioned equipment, training course data, and trainee operation records. The business logic layer integrates fault simulation algorithms, protection action logic models, and training process control programs. The presentation layer is used to transform the processing results of the business logic layer into visual interface data.

5. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The training application layer includes: The equipment cognition module is used to display the physical structure of decommissioned power equipment and explain its working principle through multimedia. The simulation training module is used to simulate fault scenarios such as short circuits and grounding in power systems, as well as the operating logic of relay protection devices. The practical training module, based on the modified decommissioned equipment, provides hands-on training projects such as protection device installation, wiring, and troubleshooting; The assessment module automatically generates assessment scores and evaluation reports through theoretical exams, practical assessments, and simulation exercises. The data management module is used to store and analyze trainee information, training records, and equipment status data.

6. The platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition and transmission module includes a sensor group, a signal conditioning circuit, and a high-speed communication unit; The sensor array is used to collect current, voltage, temperature, and mechanical characteristic parameters of the decommissioned equipment. The signal conditioning circuit filters and amplifies the acquired signal; The high-speed communication unit transmits the processed data to the software layer via Ethernet or RS485 protocol.

7. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user interaction layer includes a visual operation interface, a secure operation guidance module, and a user permission management module. The visual user interface displays training courses, fault simulations, and data statistics. The safety operation guidance module provides real-time prompts for operating procedures and risk warnings; The user permission management module assigns operation permissions based on the student's identity.

8. The platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power management module includes a main power input unit, an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a backup power module. The main power input unit converts AC220V alternating current to DC12V / 24V direct current; The backup power module is a UPS emergency power supply unit, which ensures the safe shutdown of the system in the event of a sudden power outage.

9. The platform according to claim 5, characterized in that, The practical training module is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system that records the trainee's operation process, action sequence, and data changes in real time, and provides operation error prompts and guidance.

10. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The business logic layer of the software layer adopts a component-based design, which supports flexible updates and expansions of fault simulation algorithms and protection logic models, and adapts to the training needs of complex scenarios such as new energy grid connection and smart grid.

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