Network search during pre-landing time window

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. A user equipment (UE) may search for a network during flight using a set of predicted mobile country codes (MCCs). Some aspects are more particularly directed to detecting MCC from a set of predicted MCC, where the set of predicted MCC is used for the detection based at least in part on the detection occurring during a pre-landing time window. In some aspects, detection of MCC occurs during a pre-landing time window. For example, the UE may be in a low power mode during the pre-landing time window and during detection of the MCC. In some aspects, the UE may determine a set of predicted MCCs based, for example, on a length of flight and a source, such as a source airport or source MCC.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and more particularly to techniques and apparatus for network search during the pre-landing time window. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth or transmit power). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] The multiple access technologies mentioned above have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, or global level. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a Cyclic Prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, and CP-OFDM or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation to improve spectral efficiency, reduce costs, improve service, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase.

[0004] In certain situations, such as upon power-up, the User Equipment (UE) can search for networks. For example, the UE can scan different frequencies or bands corresponding to Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G / LTE, 5G / NR, etc.) until a Mobile Country Code and a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) are identified. The UE can then register with the network. In some examples, the UE can perform such a search when exiting a low-power mode, such as airplane mode. For example, a user can trigger the UE to exit low-power mode. As the number of RATs increases, the time spent searching for networks may also increase. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed at a user equipment (UE). The method may include identifying a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight. The method may include detecting an MCC during the pre-landing time window based on a predicted set of Mobile Country Codes (MCCs), wherein the predicted set of MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window. The method may include searching for networks associated with the MCC.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to identify a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to detect an MCC (Mean Cross-Crossing Capacity) during the pre-landing time window based on a predicted set of MCCs, the set of predicted MCCs being used for the detection depending on whether the detection occurs during the pre-landing time window. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to search for networks associated with the MCC.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for identifying a pre-landing time window associated with the apparatus during flight. The apparatus may include components for detecting an MCC (Medium-terminal Cross-section) during the pre-landing time window based on a set of predicted MCCs, wherein the detection occurs during the pre-landing time window and the set of predicted MCCs is used for the detection. The apparatus may include components for searching for networks associated with the MCC.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The UE may include at least one memory and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the at least one memory. The at least one processor is operable to enable the UE to identify a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight. The at least one processor is operable to enable the UE to detect an MCC (Multi-Category Criteria) during the pre-landing time window based on a predicted set of MCCs, wherein the set of predicted MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window. The at least one processor is operable to enable the UE to search for a network associated with the MCC.

[0009] All aspects as a whole include the methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, UEs, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices, or processing systems that are fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and illustrated as such.

[0010] The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure in an effort to facilitate a better understanding of the following detailed description. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics (both in their organization and operation) of the concepts disclosed herein, as well as their associated advantages, will be better understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on the following description. Each figure in the accompanying drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more detailed description of the invention, briefly summarized above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of this disclosure and should not be considered as limiting its scope, as other equivalent aspects are permissible in this description. Identical reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an illustration of an example network node communicating with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a time window for a flight conducted by an aircraft (such as a passenger plane).

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a web search using a predicted set of Mobile Country Codes (MCCs).

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating examples of MCC detection and scanning networks.

[0017] Figure 6 This is an example flowchart of a procedure performed by a UE that supports network search during the pre-landing time window.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication used to support network search within a pre-landing time window. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods implemented using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. Any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0020] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0021] Various aspects generally involve searching for networks using a predicted set of Mobile Country Codes (MCCs) during flight. Some aspects more specifically involve detecting MCCs based on the predicted set of MCCs, where the predicted set of MCCs is used for detection based on detection occurring during a pre-landing time window. In some aspects, MCC detection occurs during the pre-landing time window. For example, the User Equipment (UE) may be in low-power mode both during the pre-landing time window and during MCC detection. As another example, the pre-landing time window may occur entirely while the UE is in low-power mode. In some aspects, the UE may determine the predicted set of MCCs, for example, based on the flight length and source (such as a source airport or source MCC). In some aspects, the UE may prioritize scanning certain frequency bands or frequencies, such as those corresponding to one or more predicted MCCs in the predicted set of MCCs. For example, the UE may prioritize scanning certain frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to one or more predicted MCCs in the predicted set of MCCs based on the UE's location.

[0022] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the described techniques can be used to reduce the time required to select (or register) a network after the UE exits a low-power mode (such as the UE's flight mode). By detecting an MCC based on a predicted set of MCCs, the number of frequency bands scanned is reduced compared to indiscriminately scanning all bands, where the number of frequency bands scanned may differ from the set of frequency bands the UE typically scans, since the destination of the flight has different cellular coverage than the source of the flight. By detecting the MCC or searching for a network in low-power mode during the pre-landing time window, the latency and user discomfort associated with registering with a network after exiting low-power mode are reduced. In some aspects, the UE can determine the predicted set of MCCs, for example, based on the length of the flight and the source (such as the source airport or source MCC), which increases the likelihood of quickly identifying the appropriate MCC compared to indiscriminately scanning all bands. By prioritizing the scanning of frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to one or more predicted MCCs based on the UE's location, the accuracy of the prediction of the following sets is improved.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network. Wireless network 100 can be a 5G (e.g., NR) network or a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network or elements of a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, etc. Wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one or more UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other network entities. Network node 110 is the entity that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 can be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0024] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as RUs) that communicate with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as DUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul or midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as CUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (such as aggregated network node 110 or decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, or one or more DUs. Network node 110 may include, for example, NR network nodes, LTE network nodes, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points or transmit / receive points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network equipment, and / or RAN nodes. In some examples, network nodes 110 can interconnect with each other or with one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, or backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks).

[0025] Each network node 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context in which the term is used, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or a network node subsystem serving that coverage area.

[0026] Network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, or another type of cell. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allows unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and allows unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and allows restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). Network node 110 for macrocells may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 for picocells may be referred to as a pico network node. Network node 110 for femtocells may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node.

[0027] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of multiple different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeatedly perform at least a portion of that function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices.

[0028] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a group of network nodes 110, and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link.

[0029] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive data transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit data transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions to other UE 120s. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. The network node 110 that relays communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay network node, or relay.

[0030] UE 120 may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses (e.g., augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality, or extended reality (XR) headband devices), a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, a UE function of a network node, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless medium. Some UE 120 (e.g., UE 102a and 120e) can use one or more sidelink channels to communicate directly (e.g., without using network nodes as intermediaries for communication with each other).

[0031] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, or location tags that can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included within a housing that houses the components of UE 120, such as processor components or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled.

[0032] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary for communication with each other). In other examples, two or more UEs 120 may communicate via a vehicle-to-network-to-vehicle (V2N2V) protocol, for example, by using LTE and / or NR uplinks and downlinks via the Uu interface.

[0033] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communications manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communications manager 140 may identify a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight; detect an MCC based on a predicted set of Mobile Country Codes (MCCs) during the pre-landing time window, the set of predicted MCCs being used for the detection depending on whether the detection occurs during the pre-landing time window; and search for networks associated with the MCC. Additionally or alternatively, communications manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node and a UE in a wireless network. This network node can correspond to... Figure 1 Network node 110. Similarly, the UE can correspond to Figure 1 UE 120. Network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Figure 2 The network node 110 depicted includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antenna 234 and modem 232. In some examples, network node 110 may include an interface, communication components, or another component facilitating communication with UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components facilitating direct communication with UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0035] At network node 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 intended for use by UE 120 (or a group of UEs 120). Transmitting processor 220 can select one or more modulation and decoding schemes (MCS) for UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 can process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for UE 120 and can provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmitting processor 220 can process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, or reference symbols, where applicable, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can also use a corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, or up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0036] At UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from network node 110 or other network nodes 110, and can provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use the demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The channel processor can determine Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameters, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters, or CQI parameters, etc. In some examples, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284.

[0037] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, for example, in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with network node 110 via communication unit 294.

[0038] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or be included in the following: one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, a set or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or coupled to one or more transmitting or receiving components (such as...). Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components).

[0039] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or CQI) from controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of UE 120 may include a modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0040] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 or other UEs may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected by MIMO detector 236 where applicable, and further processed by receiver processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted via UE 120. Receiver processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include communication unit 244 and may communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0041] The controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, or Figure 2Any other component may perform one or more technologies associated with the search network, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, or... Figure 2 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 6 The operation of process 600 or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions may cause one or more processors, UE 120, or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, or interpretation). Figure 6 The operation of process 600 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, or interpret instructions, etc.

[0042] In some aspects, UE 120 includes components for identifying a pre-landing time window associated with UE 120 during flight; components for detecting an MCC based on a set of predicted MCCs during the pre-landing time window, the set of predicted MCCs being used for the detection depending on whether the detection occurs during the pre-landing time window; and / or components for searching for a network associated with the MCC. Components enabling UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communications manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TXMIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0043] Figure 3This is an illustration of example 300 of a time window for a flight conducted by an aircraft (such as a passenger plane). The flight may include a pre-takeoff period 305, a takeoff roll period 310, a climb period 315, a cruise period 320, a descent period 325, a landing period 330, and a post-landing period 335. The line indicated by reference numeral 340 indicates the actual altitude of the aircraft during flight (e.g., relative to the ground, sea level, or another reference). The line indicated by reference numeral 345 indicates a derived altitude value during flight. The derived altitude value may correspond to an altitude value determined using a pressure sensor of the UE. For example, atmospheric pressure is often used to derive the altitude value because there is a relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude. The derived altitude value may differ from the actual altitude when the atmospheric pressure inside the aircraft differs from the atmospheric pressure outside the aircraft, which can be common during aircraft operation. Nevertheless, the derived altitude value can be used to determine the time period of flight, such as changes based on the derived altitude value. As an example only, an increase in atmospheric pressure inside the aircraft at reference numeral 350 may indicate that the aircraft has entered the descent period 325. The UE can use a pressure sensor to identify the atmospheric pressure inside the aircraft. For example, the UE can register with the pressure sensor and determine the flight status (such as the current time period from 305 to 345).

[0044] Although the UE is described above as using a pressure sensor to determine the derived altitude value, the UE may additionally or alternatively use another technology to determine the derived altitude value. For example, the UE may communicate with an access point or another device of the UE (such as using a side link or direct device-to-device communication) to obtain information about the altitude. Altitude information may be determined based on the aircraft's own altitude measurements, such as using radar, optical detection and ranging, the aircraft's navigation module, etc. As another example, altitude information may be based on satellite signals used to track the altitude of flight. As yet another example, the UE may communicate with a satellite to determine the flight altitude. In some aspects, the UE may use a selected technology from a variety of different technologies to determine the altitude. For example, the UE may attempt to use a first technology (which may be the least computationally expensive or most resource-intensive technology) to determine the altitude. If the UE cannot use the first technology to determine the altitude, the UE may switch to a second technology (which may be more computationally expensive or more resource-intensive than the first technology) to determine the altitude.

[0045] As shown in the figure, flight may include a pre-landing time window 355. For example, the UE may identify the pre-landing time window 355 based on an increase in atmospheric pressure in the aircraft at reference numeral 350. For example, the UE may identify the pre-landing time window 355 when it is determined that the atmospheric pressure has increased by a threshold amount after the cruise period 320. In some aspects, the pre-landing time window 355 may include the length of time during which the UE can search for a network (such as the length of time during which the signal strength at a UE associated with a network exceeds a threshold). For example, as described elsewhere herein, the pre-landing time window 355 may facilitate network searching before the UE exits low-power mode. As another example, the pre-landing time window 355 may include the length of time during which the aircraft is expected to be below a threshold altitude, allowing the UE to successfully search for a network. In some examples, the entire pre-landing time window may occur while the UE is in low-power mode. For example, the pre-landing time window may occur when the UE is in low-power mode and when the UE senses that the end of the low-power mode is imminent.

[0046] The flight shown in Example 300 may have a length, which may include, for example, time periods 305 to 335 or 310 to 330, etc. (other combinations such as two or more of time periods 305 to 335). Some of the techniques described herein provide the use of flight length or other information to identify a set of predicted MCCs (e.g., based on a set of potential destination airports for the flight).

[0047] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating example 400 of a network search using a set of predicted MCCs. The operation of example 400 can be performed by a UE (such as UE 120). In some examples, the UE may begin example 400 in a low-power mode, such as flight mode. In some examples, the UE may perform all of example 400 in low-power mode. In low-power mode, the UE may release or not establish a connection with the cellular network and may stop searching for networks (until the pre-landing time window described below). For example, the UE may be in idle mode while in low-power mode. As another example, the UE may not be connected to a cell or not registered on a cell (e.g., camping). Example 400 may occur at least partially during flight. For example, the UE may begin example 400 during flight.

[0048] As shown by reference numeral 410 in the attached figure, the UE can identify the pre-landing time window (such as...). Figure 3 The pre-landing time window 355). For example, the UE can use its pressure sensor to identify the pre-landing time window. In some aspects, the pressure sensor can provide an indication of the detected atmospheric pressure (e.g., Figure 3(As indicated by the line shown by reference numeral 350 in the attached figure). The UE can use an indication of the detected atmospheric pressure to identify the pre-landing time window. For example, the UE can determine that the detected atmospheric pressure has increased by a threshold amount (indicating a descent in flight). Additionally or alternatively, the UE can determine that the detected atmospheric pressure has increased by a threshold amount after a cruise period (such as cruise period 320). The pre-landing time window can occur when the UE is in low-power mode. For example, the pre-landing time window can end before the UE exits low-power mode.

[0049] As shown by reference numeral 420 in the attached figure, the UE can determine the predicted set of MCCs. An MCC is a three-digit identifier indicating a country or region of a country, as defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). An MCC can be used to identify the frequency band or frequency on which a network is searched (e.g., in conjunction with the selection of a preferred PLMN). A PLMN can be associated with an MCC. For example, the MCC and Mobile Network Code (MNC) can identify the operator of the PLMN.

[0050] In some respects, the UE can determine the predicted set of MCCs based on the length of time the UE has been in low-power mode. For example, the UE may typically be in low-power mode during flight, so the length of time the UE is in low-power mode can provide an indication of the length of flight. This can provide an indication of the length of flight without utilizing pressure sensors.

[0051] In some respects, the UE can determine the predicted set of MCCs based on the length of flight. For example, the UE can use sensor information from the UE's pressure sensor to determine the length of flight, which provides a more accurate indication of the flight length compared to using the length of time the UE has been in low-power mode. In other respects, the UE can determine the predicted set of MCCs based on the orientation of flight, which can be determined using sensor information from the UE's compass.

[0052] In some respects, the UE can determine the set of predicted MCCs based on the source of the flight. For example, the UE can use previously registered MCCs to determine the set of predicted MCCs. As another example, the UE can use the source airport of the flight to determine the set of predicted MCCs. The UE can determine the source airport, for example, by connecting to a network associated with the airport, obtaining a location using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based operations, and mapping the location to the source airport (such as using information that maps the location to the source airport).

[0053] In some respects, the UE may refer to a set of predicted destination airports to determine the set of predicted MCCs. For example, the UE may use one or more of the following to determine the set of predicted destination airports: previous MCCs registered on the UE, the length of time the UE has been in low-power mode, flight orientation, flight length, sensor information, or the source airport of the flight. In some respects, the UE may use flight length and source airport according to a table (such as Table 1) to determine the set of predicted MCCs:

[0054] Flight length Predicted MCC for the source: PVG 2 hours 440 450 466 460 3 hours 440 460 4 hours 520 460 5 hours 520 460 6 hours 460 7 hours 404 8 hours 9 hours 10 hours 302 11 hours 505 310 262 12 hours 310 262 13 hours 310 262 14 hours 310 302 262 15 hours 310 262

[0055] Table 1

[0056] In Table 1, flights originate from PVG Airport. Given a flight length, the UE can identify a set of predicted MCCs corresponding to the source airport. For example, an 11-hour flight length could correspond to a set of predicted MCCs including 505 (Australia), 310 (USA), and 262 (Germany).

[0057] In some respects, the UE can identify or prioritize scanning of a set of predicted MCCs based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) operations. For example, the UE can use its GNSS module to identify a location. The UE can use the location to prioritize scanning one or more predicted MCCs within the set of predicted MCCs. For example, if a location is associated with one or more predicted MCCs (such as if the location indicates that the UE is in an area associated with one or more predicted MCCs), the UE can prioritize scanning one or more predicted MCCs (meaning the UE can scan the frequency bands or frequencies associated with one or more predicted MCCs before those associated with different predicted MCCs). As another example, the UE can identify one or more MCCs to be excluded from the set of predicted MCCs because the location determined using GNSS-based operations is not associated with one or more MCCs. In some respects, the UE can identify MCCs assigned to the country where the location is located for inclusion in the set of predicted MCCs. As another example, the UE can identify the destination airport based on location and can identify the MCC (or a set of frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to the destination) corresponding to the destination airport, as described in more detail elsewhere in this document. In some aspects, the UE can perform GNSS-based operations based on a threshold number of satellites. For example, the UE can only perform GNSS-based operations if a threshold number of satellites (such as GNSS satellites) are available. This allows for GNSS-based MCC determination or refinement of MCC prediction when GNSS positioning is likely accurate, and for deactivating GNSS-based determination when GNSS positioning is unlikely to be accurate or available.

[0058] As indicated by reference numeral 430, the UE can detect an MCC based on a set of predicted MCCs during a pre-landing time window. For example, the UE can detect an MCC before the deactivation of a low-power mode. Therefore, MCC detection can be referred to as early MCC detection. MCC detection may include one or more of the following: scanning on a frequency or band associated with the set of predicted MCCs (indicated by reference numeral 440), or detecting an MCC based on GNSS-based operations (indicated by reference numeral 450). For example, the UE can scan on a frequency or band associated with the set of predicted MCCs in parallel with detecting an MCC based on GNSS-based operations. As another example, if the location determined by GNSS-based operations indicates that the UE is at a location associated with one or more predicted MCCs, the UE can prioritize scanning the frequency or band of one or more predicted MCCs. (The following and / or in combination...) Figure 5 Each of these operations will be described in more detail. In some respects, the UE can enter a sleep state (such as deep sleep) during scanning, as in combination with... Figure 5 As described. In sleep mode, the UE can stop or not perform transmit and receive activities.

[0059] In some aspects, the UE can scan frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to the predicted MCC (as indicated by reference numeral 440). For example, the UE can store information indicating a set of frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to the predicted MCC. In some aspects, the UE can scan frequency bands or frequencies corresponding to the destination airport (e.g., identified based on the predicted MCC, location, flight length, or other information). The frequency bands or frequencies can be identified by a list indicating the frequency bands or frequencies for each airport. For example, the list can indicate the frequencies of all supported RATs for each airport for the UE. The UE can receive information indicating the list, for example, via a cloud interface. Thus, the list facilitates the identification of the MCC by enabling the UE to scan frequencies corresponding to the predicted MCC (which may, for example, correspond to the predicted destination airport). In some aspects, if a previously registered MCC (such as an MCC registered on the UE before entering low-power mode) is included in the set of predicted MCCs, the UE can prioritize frequencies in frequency bands belonging to the previously registered MCC.

[0060] In some respects, the UE can scan frequency bands or frequencies based on its home PLMN (HPLMN) (such as an extended HPLMMN (EHPLMN)) or visited PLMN. For example, the UE can store information indicating frequencies or bands belonging to its HPLMMN or frequencies or bands for which it has successfully registered on a visited PLMN. The UE can scan these frequencies or bands (e.g., by prioritizing them during a scan). The UE can update this information when registering on the network in a mobility scenario.

[0061] In some aspects, the UE may use GNSS-based operations (which may be the same GNSS-based operations described with respect to reference 420, or may be different GNSS-based operations) to detect the MCC, as mentioned with respect to reference 450. For example, the UE may attempt to obtain a location and derive the MCC from that location. In some aspects, the UE may attempt to obtain a location in parallel with scanning frequencies or bands of a set of predicted MCCs. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may attempt to obtain a location after scanning frequencies or bands of a set of predicted MCCs (such as after scanning a first subset of frequencies or bands). In some aspects, the UE may perform GNSS-based operations periodically (such as in conjunction with periodicity).

[0062] As indicated by reference numeral 460, in some aspects, the UE can search for a network in a frequency band based on the detected MCC. For example, if the UE detects an MCC (which may belong to a set of predicted MCCs or may be a different MCC, and can be detected by scanning frequencies or bands of the set of predicted MCCs or using GNSS-based operations), the UE can search for a network in a frequency band based on the detected MCC. In some aspects, the UE can perform PLMN detection and can collect PLMN identifiers in the frequency bands associated with the detected MCC, supported by the UE. In some aspects, upon detecting an MCC, the UE can stop scanning frequency bands on which no MCC was detected and can continue scanning the remaining frequency bands (such as the frequency bands on which the MCC was detected or the frequency bands associated with the detected MCC). Thus, the UE can reduce the scanning range, which saves resources and reduces the latency associated with the scanning. In some aspects, the UE can search for a network during a pre-landing time window (such as when the UE is in low-power mode). In some other respects, the UE can search for networks after the pre-landing time window has ended (such as after the UE exits low-power mode).

[0063] As shown by reference numeral 470 in the attached figure, the UE can select a PLMN identifier. For example, the UE can select a PLMN identifier from those identified during network search (on detected MCCs, a set of predicted MCCs, or a full RAT scan). The UE can use information stored by the UE (such as information indicating the UE's HPLMN, prohibited PLMNs, equivalent HPLMNs, etc.) to select a PLMN identifier. In some aspects, if the UE is in its home country, the UE can select an HPLMN (such as an EHPLMN) as its PLMN identifier. In some aspects, if the UE is not in its home country, the UE can select a PLMN based on the operator's PLMN (OPLMN). The OPLMN can indicate the priority of the PLMN identifier used for the purpose of PLMN selection and can be set by the UE's operator (e.g., the OPLMN can be configured in the UE's subscriber identity module (SIM)). If the detected PLMN identifier matches an OPLMN, the UE (such as a non-access stratum entity of the UE) may select the detected PLMN identifier and send a service request to register on the network with the detected PLMN identifier. If no detected PLMN identifier matches an OPLMN, the UE (such as a non-access stratum entity of the UE) may select a PLMN identifier from one or more detected PLMN identifiers, such as based on a quality metric of the detected PLMN identifier. In some aspects, the UE may select a PLMN identifier during a pre-landing time window (such as when the UE is in low-power mode). In some other aspects, the UE may select a PLMN identifier after the pre-landing time window has ended (such as after the UE has exited low-power mode).

[0064] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating Example 500 for detecting MCC and scanning networks. Figure 5 The operation can be performed by the UE (such as UE 120 or Figure 3 or Figure 4 (UE) execution. Figure 5 The flight time windows are also shown, including the in-flight time window, the pre-landing time window, and the "non-flight" time window.

[0065] The scan shown in Example 500 may include an LTE band scan (denoted by L(X,Y), where X and Y are bands supported by the UE) and a scan based on a set of predicted MCCs. In other examples, the UE may scan a RAT different from LTE, such as 3G, 5G / NR, etc. A scan based on a set of predicted MCCs is represented by dot-filled notation. A scan based on a set of predicted MCCs is described in conjunction with the reference numerals 420, 430, and 440 above.

[0066] The UE may scan a first set of frequency bands (represented by dot-filled) associated with the predicted set of MCCs during a first time interval. For example, the UE may identify the first set of frequency bands based on the RAT supported by the UE, the mapping between the first set of frequency bands and the predicted set of MCCs, the UE's capture database, the mapping between the first set of frequency bands and the UE's destination airport, combinations thereof, or other information. As shown, the first time interval may occur periodically within the pre-landing time window. The UE may scan a second set of frequency bands associated with LTE during a second time interval (represented by L(X,Y) as described above). For example, the UE may identify the second set of frequency bands based on the frequency bands supported by the UE, the UE's capture database, combinations thereof, or other information. As shown, the second time interval may occur periodically within the pre-landing time window. In Example 500, the first time interval sometimes alternates with the second time interval in time. The first and second time intervals may occur within a time period referred to as the MCC group period, as indicated by reference numeral 505. In some aspects, the UE can scan a first set of frequency bands or a second set of frequency bands according to the scanning order. The scanning order can indicate the order in which the frequency bands are scanned. For example, if the first frequency band takes precedence over the second frequency band, the scanning order can indicate that the first frequency band should be scanned before the second frequency band. In some aspects, the UE can prioritize specific frequency bands according to the scanning order. For example, if a specific frequency band is shared among multiple predicted MCCs in a set of predicted MCCs, the UE can prioritize the specific frequency band.

[0067] As shown in the figure, the UE can scan different subsets of the second set of frequency bands during different occurrences within the second time interval. For example, the UE can support LTE frequency bands 1-6. In the first occurrence of the second time interval, the UE can scan LTE frequency bands 1 and 2. In the second occurrence of the second time interval, the UE can scan LTE frequency bands 3 and 4. In the third occurrence of the second time interval, the UE can scan LTE frequency bands 5 and 6. Therefore, the UE can alternate between scanning frequency bands of the predicted set of MCCs and the LTE frequency bands supported by the UE, which increases the possibility of quickly identifying MCCs and / or frequency bands, thereby reducing power consumption and scanning time.

[0068] As shown by the diagonal shaded lines, in some examples, the UE can enter a sleep state, such as deep sleep. For example, the UE can periodically enter a sleep state. As another example, the UE can enter a sleep state between times in a first time interval. As another example, the UE can enter a sleep state between times in a second time interval. As another example, the UE can enter a sleep state between times in the first time interval and times in the second time interval. As yet another example, the UE can enter a sleep state after completing a scan of all RATs supported by the UE. Therefore, the power consumption of the UE is reduced.

[0069] As indicated by reference numeral 510 in the attached figure, in some aspects, the UE may scan RATs other than those associated with the second time interval. For example, the UE may scan NR RATs (denoted by "N"), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) RATs (denoted by "W"), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) RATs (denoted by "G"), or combinations thereof. The UE may scan these RATs after scanning LTE RATs (or any RATs scanned in the second time interval) and any RATs associated with the predicted set of MCCs. This scan may be referred to as a "slice scan" because it may prioritize certain frequency bands and may occur before a full RAT scan. For example, a slice scan may prioritize certain frequency bands, such as a set of frequency bands associated with the UE's destination airport or a set of frequency bands associated with the UE's visited PLMN or HPLMN database (such as a set of frequency bands belonging to an HPLMN or a set of frequency bands associated with successful registration on a visited PLMN).

[0070] As shown by reference numeral 515 in the accompanying figure, in some aspects, the UE may perform a full RAT scan (e.g., one or more rounds of full RAT scanning). For example, if a scan based on the predicted set of MCCs is unsuccessful (e.g., if the UE does not detect an MCC or if the UE cannot identify the predicted MCC), the UE may perform a full RAT scan and may stop scanning one or more frequency bands associated with the predicted set of MCCs. A full RAT scan may include the UE scanning all frequency bands and RATs supported by the UE (e.g., scanning without prioritizing the predicted set of MCCs).

[0071] In some aspects, the UE may detect an MCC as part of a scan during a first time interval or a second time interval. In such aspects, the UE may begin a search on a frequency band derived from the detected MCC, collect available PLMNs on the band, and select a preferred PLMN identifier. If the UE does not detect an MCC as part of a scan during the first or second time interval (during the time period indicated by reference numeral 505), the UE may begin a full RAT scan (as indicated by reference numeral 515). If the UE detects an MCC during the full RAT scan, the UE may begin a search on a frequency band derived from the detected MCC, collect available PLMNs on the band, and select a preferred PLMN identifier. If the UE does not detect an MCC during the full RAT scan, the UE may repeat the full RAT scan until an MCC is detected.

[0072] In some respects, the UE may receive configuration information. The configuration information may indicate one or more of the following: the number of first time intervals, the periodicity of the first time intervals, the number of second time intervals, the frequency bands to be scanned during the second time intervals, the periodicity of the second time intervals, the frequency bands to be scanned during slice scanning, the order of scanning frequency bands, the length of sleep states, the placement of sleep states, the number of repetitions of a full RAT scan, the frequency bands or RATs to be scanned during a full RAT scan, etc.

[0073] Figure 6 This is an example flowchart of example process 600 performed by or at a UE that supports network search during the pre-landing time window. Example process 600 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120 or a device of the UE) performs operations associated with network search during the pre-landing time window.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, in some aspects, process 600 may include identifying a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight (box 610). For example, the UE (such as by using...) Figure 7 The communication manager 140 or identification component 708 depicted above can identify the pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight.

[0075] like Figure 6 As further shown, in some aspects, process 600 may include detecting an MCC based on a set of predicted MCCs during a pre-landing time window, the set of predicted MCCs used for detection based on the detection occurring during the pre-landing time window (box 620). For example, a UE (such as by using...) Figure 7 The communication manager 140 or detection component 710 depicted can detect an MCC based on a set of predicted MCCs during the pre-landing time window, as described above, based on the detection occurring during the pre-landing time window.

[0076] like Figure 6 As further shown, in some aspects, process 600 may include searching for networks associated with the MCC (box 630). For example, the UE (such as by using...) Figure 7 The communication manager 140 or search component 712 depicted above can search for networks associated with the MCC.

[0077] Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0078] In the first additional aspect, the UE is in a low-power mode, and identifying the pre-landing time window also includes identifying the pre-landing time window before the low-power mode is deactivated, wherein the entire pre-landing time window occurs before the low-power mode is deactivated.

[0079] In a second additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 600 includes determining the set of predicted MCCs based on at least one of the following: the length of time the UE has been in the low-power mode, the orientation of the flight, the length of the flight, or sensor information.

[0080] In the third additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the set of predicted MCCs corresponds to the set of predicted destination airports derived from at least one of the following: the previous MCC to which the UE registered, the duration of the flight, the orientation of the flight, the length of the flight, the sensor information, or the source airport of the flight.

[0081] In a fourth additional aspect, detecting the MCC based on the set of predicted MCCs, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, also includes scanning multiple frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs.

[0082] In the fifth additional aspect, the plurality of frequency bands are associated with a scanning order, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, wherein if a particular frequency band is shared among two or more MCCs in the set of predicted MCCs, the particular frequency band is prioritized in the scanning order.

[0083] In the sixth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, scanning the plurality of frequency bands is based on a scanning order of the plurality of frequency bands or one or more frequencies associated with the plurality of frequency bands.

[0084] In the seventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, process 600 includes scanning a set of frequency bands associated with the MCC after detection of the MCC, and stopping scanning of one or more frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs and not associated with the MCC.

[0085] In the eighth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, detecting the MCC also includes using GNSS-based operations to identify the location, and identifying the set of predicted MCCs according to the mapping between the location and the set of predicted MCCs.

[0086] In the ninth additional aspect, detecting the MCC, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, also includes scanning multiple frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs.

[0087] In the tenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, detecting the MCC also includes scanning a first set of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs during a first time interval of the pre-landing time window, and scanning a second set of frequency bands associated with the full-band scan during a second time interval of the pre-landing time window.

[0088] In the eleventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the first time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window, and the second time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window.

[0089] In the twelfth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the second set of scanning bands also includes a first subset of the second set of scanning bands during a first occurrence period in the second time interval and a second subset of the second set of scanning bands during a second occurrence period in the second time interval.

[0090] In the thirteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, process 600 includes receiving signaling indicating the first subset or the second subset.

[0091] In the fourteenth additional aspect, the occurrence of the first time interval alternates with the occurrence of the second time interval, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects.

[0092] In the fifteenth additional aspect, the process 600 includes entering a sleep state between the first time interval and the second time interval, between two occurrences in the first time interval, or between two occurrences in the second time interval, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects.

[0093] In the sixteenth additional aspect, the process 600 includes entering a sleep state between the first time interval and the second time interval, between two occurrences in the first time interval, or between two occurrences in the second time interval, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects.

[0094] although Figure 6 An example box of process 600 is shown, but in some respects, process 600 may include... Figure 6The boxes depicted in the process 600 may be additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively or additionally, two or more boxes in the process 600 may be executed in parallel.

[0095] Figure 7 This is a diagram of an example device 700 for wireless communication to support network search within a pre-landing time window. Device 700 may be a UE, or a UE may include device 700. In some aspects, device 700 includes a receiving component 702, a transmitting component 704, and a communication manager 140 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). As shown, device 700 can use the receiving component 702 and the transmitting component 704 to communicate with another device 706 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device).

[0096] In some respects, device 700 may be configured and / or operable to perform the functions described herein. Figures 3 to 5 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 700 may be configured and / or operable to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 6 The process 600. In some aspects, the apparatus 700 may include the above-described combination. Figure 2 One or more components of the UE as described.

[0097] Receiver 702 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, from device 706. Receiver 702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 700, such as communication manager 140. In some aspects, receiver 702 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some aspects, receiver 702 may include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, and / or memory.

[0098] The transmitting component 704 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, to the device 706. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 can generate communications and send the generated communications to the transmitting component 704 for transmission to the device 706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 704 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to the device 706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 704 may include the elements described above. Figure 2The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, and / or memory. In some aspects, the transmit component 704 may be co-located with the receive component 702 in a transceiver.

[0099] The communication manager 140 can identify a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight. During the pre-landing time window, the communication manager 140 can detect an MCC based on a predicted set of MCCs, the set of predicted MCCs used for detection based on the detection occurring during the pre-landing time window. The communication manager 140 can search for networks associated with the MCC. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 can perform one or more operations as described elsewhere herein by one or more components of the communication manager 140.

[0100] Communication manager 140 may include the above-mentioned components. Figure 2 The described UE's controller / processor and / or memory. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 includes a set of components, such as an identification component 708, a detection component 710, and / or a search component 712. Alternatively, this set of components may be separate from and distinct from the communication manager 140. In some aspects, one or more components in this set of components may include those described above. Figure 2 The described UE's controller / processor and / or memory, or may be implemented therein. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in this set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0101] Identification component 708 can identify the pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight. Detection component 710 can detect an MCC based on a predicted set of MCCs during the pre-landing time window, the predicted set of MCCs used for detection based on whether detection occurs during the pre-landing time window. Search component 712 can search for networks associated with the MCC.

[0102] Figure 7 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 7 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 7 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 7 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 7 The collection of (one or more) components shown is executable and described as being composed of Figure 7 The set of other components shown performs one or more functions.

[0103] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0104] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: identifying a pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight; detecting an MCC based on a predicted set of Mobile Country Codes (MCCs) during the pre-landing time window, wherein the predicted set of MCCs is used for the detection based on the detection occurring during the pre-landing time window; and searching for a network associated with the MCC.

[0105] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the UE is in a low power mode and wherein identifying the pre-landing time window further includes identifying the pre-landing time window before the low power mode is deactivated, wherein the entire pre-landing time window occurs before the low power mode is deactivated.

[0106] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, the method further comprising determining the set of predicted MCCs based on at least one of: the length of time the UE has been in the low power mode, the orientation of the flight, the length of the flight, or sensor information.

[0107] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 3, wherein the set of predicted MCCs corresponds to the set of predicted destination airports of the flight derived from at least one of: the previous MCC to which the UE registered, the duration of the flight, the orientation of the flight, the length of the flight, the sensor information, or the source airport of the flight.

[0108] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein detecting the MCC based on the set of predicted MCCs further includes scanning a plurality of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs.

[0109] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the plurality of frequency bands are associated with a scan order, wherein if a particular frequency band is shared among two or more MCCs in the set of predicted MCCs, the particular frequency band is prioritized in the scan order.

[0110] Aspect 7: According to the method of aspect 5, scanning the plurality of frequency bands is based on a scanning order of the plurality of frequency bands or one or more frequencies associated with the plurality of frequency bands.

[0111] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, the method further comprising scanning a set of frequency bands associated with the MCC after detecting the MCC, and stopping scanning of one or more frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs and not associated with the MCCs.

[0112] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein detecting the MCC further comprises: identifying the location using operations based on a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS); and prioritizing the scanning of the set of predicted MCCs based on the location.

[0113] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, detecting the MCC further includes scanning one or more frequency bands associated with the specific predicted MCC based on the association of the location with a specific predicted MCC in the set of predicted MCCs.

[0114] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein detecting the MCC further includes scanning a first set of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs during a first time interval of the pre-landing time window; and scanning a second set of frequency bands associated with a full-band scan during a second time interval of the pre-landing time window.

[0115] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the first time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window, and the second time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window.

[0116] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 11, the second set of scanning frequency bands further includes a first subset of the second set of scanning frequency bands during a first occurrence period of the second time interval and a second subset of the second set of scanning frequency bands during a second occurrence period of the second time interval.

[0117] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13 further includes receiving signaling indicating the first subset or the second subset.

[0118] Aspect 15: According to the method of aspect 11, the occurrence of the first time interval alternates with the occurrence of the second time interval.

[0119] Aspect 16: According to the method of aspect 11, the method further includes entering a sleep state between the first time interval and the second time interval, between two occurrences in the first time interval, or between two occurrences in the second time interval.

[0120] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0121] Aspect 18: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0122] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0123] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0124] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0125] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various aspects of practice.

[0126] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware or a combination of hardware and software. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or other terms. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to any specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein.

[0127] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0128] As used herein, the term "determine" or "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, reasoning, discovery, measurement, and similar actions. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (such as receiving information or receiving instructions), accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory), sending (such as sending information), etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, obtaining, choosing, creating, and other similar actions.

[0129] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically stated in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in the list of items refers to any combination of these items (including a single member). As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0130] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “described” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more items and are interchangeable with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having,” “containing,” “including,” and similar terms are intended as open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., the element “containing” A may also contain B). Additionally, as used herein, “based on” is intended to be interpreted in an inclusive sense unless otherwise explicitly indicated. For example, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, “based on” is interchangeable with “at least partially based on,” “associated with,” or “according to.” Specifically, unless the phrase in the context refers to "based on 'one' only" or an equivalent, it may be based solely on "one" or on a combination of "one" and one or more other factors, conditions, or information, whether it is "based on 'one'" or "at least partially based on 'one'". Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used consecutively and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with "either of the two" or "only one of them").

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to at least one memory, and operable to enable the UE to: Identify the pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight; During the pre-landing time window, an MCC is detected based on a predicted set of Movement Country Codes (MCCs), and the set of predicted MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window; and Search for networks associated with the MCC.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE is in a low-power mode and wherein, in order for the UE to identify the pre-landing time window, the at least one processor is further operable to cause the UE to identify the pre-landing time window before the low-power mode is deactivated, wherein the entire pre-landing time window occurs before the low-power mode is deactivated.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to enable the UE to search the network, the at least one processor is further operable to enable the UE to search the network during the pre-landing time window.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the UE to determine the set of predicted MCCs according to at least one of the following: The length of time the UE has been in low-power mode. The orientation of the flight, The length of the flight, or Sensor information.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the set of predicted MCCs corresponds to the set of predicted destination airports of the flight derived from at least one of: The UE's previously registered MCC, The duration of the time The orientation of the flight. The length of the flight, The sensor information, or The origin airport of the flight.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, In order for the UE to detect the MCC, the at least one processor is capable of operating to enable the UE to: Using operations based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to identify locations; and The scan of the predicted set of MCCs is prioritized based on the location.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, In order for the UE to detect the MCC, the at least one processor is operable to cause the UE to scan one or more frequency bands associated with the specific predicted MCC in the set of predicted MCCs, based on the location being associated with the specific predicted MCC.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, In order for the UE to detect the MCC, the at least one processor is operable to cause the UE to scan a first set of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs during a first time interval of the pre-landing time window; as well as During the second time interval of the pre-landing time window, a second set of frequency bands associated with the full-band scan is scanned.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window, and the second time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window.

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, In order for the UE to scan the second set of frequency bands, the at least one processor is operable to cause the UE to scan a first subset of the second set of frequency bands during a first occurrence period of the second time interval and a second subset of the second set of frequency bands during a second occurrence period of the second time interval.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the UE to receive signaling indicating the first subset or the second subset.

12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the occurrence of the first time interval alternates with the occurrence of the second time interval.

13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to cause the UE to enter a sleep state between the first time interval and the second time interval, between two occurrences of the first time interval, or between two occurrences of the second time interval.

14. A method for wireless communication performed at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Identify the pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight; During the pre-landing time window, an MCC is detected based on a predicted set of Movement Country Codes (MCCs), and the set of predicted MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window; and Search for networks associated with the MCC.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the UE is in a low-power mode and wherein identifying the pre-landing time window further includes identifying the pre-landing time window before the low-power mode is deactivated, wherein the entire pre-landing time window occurs before the low-power mode is deactivated.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the MCC based on the set of predicted MCCs further comprises scanning a plurality of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of frequency bands are associated with a scan order, wherein if a particular frequency band is shared among two or more MCCs in the set of predicted MCCs, the particular frequency band is prioritized in the scan order.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein scanning the plurality of frequency bands is based on a scanning order of the plurality of frequency bands or one or more frequencies associated with the plurality of frequency bands.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the MCC further comprises scanning a first set of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs during a first time interval of the pre-landing time window; and During the second time interval of the pre-landing time window, a second set of frequency bands associated with the full-band scan is scanned.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window, and the second time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the second set of scanned frequency bands further includes a first subset of the second set of scanned frequency bands during a first occurrence period of the second time interval and a second subset of the second set of scanned frequency bands during a second occurrence period of the second time interval.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving signaling indicating the first subset or the second subset.

23. The method of claim 19, wherein the occurrence of the first time interval alternates with the occurrence of the second time interval.

24. The method of claim 19, further comprising entering a sleep state between the first time interval and the second time interval, between two occurrences in the first time interval, or between two occurrences in the second time interval.

25. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by the user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: Identify the pre-landing time window associated with the UE during flight; During the pre-landing time window, an MCC is detected based on a predicted set of Movement Country Codes (MCCs), and the set of predicted MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window; and Search for networks associated with the MCC.

26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein one or more instructions further cause the UE to scan a set of frequency bands associated with the MCC after detecting the MCC; and Stop scanning one or more frequency bands that are associated with the set of predicted MCCs and are not associated with the MCCs.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the one or more instructions causing the UE to detect the MCC cause the UE to scan a first set of frequency bands associated with the set of predicted MCCs during a first time interval of the pre-landing time window; and During the second time interval of the pre-landing time window, a second set of frequency bands associated with the full-band scan is scanned.

28. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the first time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window, and the second time interval occurs periodically within the pre-landing time window.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: Components used to identify the pre-landing time window associated with the device during flight; Components for detecting MCCs based on a predicted set of Movement Country Codes (MCCs) during the pre-landing time window, wherein the predicted set of MCCs is used for the detection based on the occurrence of the detection during the pre-landing time window; and Components used to search for networks associated with the MCC.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising components for determining the set of predicted MCCs based on at least one of the following: The length of time the device has been in low-power mode The orientation of the flight, The length of the flight, or Sensor information.

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