Dust remover

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust remover. The dust remover comprises a filter cartridge, a blowing device and a pattern plate which are mounted in a shell, the inlet of the filter cartridge is provided with a drainage rotation-preventing pipe, the drainage rotation-preventing pipe is composed of two sections which are respectively a horn-shaped barrel and a straight barrel, and a gap which is open towards the periphery is arranged between the two sections; the horn-shaped cylinder and the straight cylinder are an inclined opening section and a straight pipe section which are communicated with each other, and the gap is a secondary drainage opening; a baffle is arranged at the joint of the straight pipe section and the bevel section and is hermetically connected with the inlet of the filter cartridge; airflow entrainment is enhanced and kinetic energy dissipation is reduced through the trumpet-shaped structure of the bevel section, and flow velocity distribution is balanced in combination with the secondary drainage opening; the baffle and the straight pipe section form a right-angle constraint space to strictly limit airflow vortexes in the filter cartridge, energy dissipation is reduced by compressing the movement range of the vortexes, and conversion from dynamic pressure to static pressure is promoted; the ash removal pressure of the upper, middle and lower parts of the filter cartridge is synchronously increased, and the negative pressure and ash removal dead zone of the upper part of the filter cartridge of the existing device are eliminated; the dust residual quantity is reduced, the ash removal energy consumption is reduced, and the service life of the filter cartridge under the high-dust working condition is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to dust removal equipment, and more particularly to a dust collector. Background Technology

[0002] Pulse-jet cartridge dust collectors are widely used in industrial dust control, and their cleaning efficiency directly affects the equipment's operating efficiency. Existing technologies primarily improve cleaning uniformity by optimizing nozzle structure or adding flow guiding components such as venturi tubes. However, these improvements have significant drawbacks: the increased complexity of the nozzle structure increases manufacturing costs and makes it difficult to adapt to different cartridge sizes; while flow guiding components can improve airflow distribution uniformity, they can create energy-dissipating vortices, leading to insufficient static pressure in the upper part of the cartridge and forming a cleaning dead zone. The existence of this cleaning dead zone forces companies to frequently replace cartridges, increasing maintenance costs and increasing the risk of emissions exceeding standards due to dust penetration. Especially for pleated cartridges, their rigid structure further exacerbates dust accumulation in the upper and middle parts, becoming a long-standing technical pain point in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust collector with a simple structure that suppresses the dissipation of vortex energy and eliminates dead zones in the filter cartridge cleaning process.

[0004] Technical Solution: The dust collector of the present invention includes a filter cartridge installed in a housing, a jet cleaning device for blowing air to clean the filter cartridge, and a tube sheet for installing the filter cartridge; a flow-guiding and swirling pipe is provided at the inlet of the filter cartridge; one end of the flow-guiding and swirling pipe is aligned with the air outlet of the jet cleaning device, and the other end extends into the filter cartridge; the flow-guiding and swirling pipe consists of two sections, one of which is an outward-opening trumpet-shaped section facing the jet cleaning device, and the other end of which is a straight cylinder extending into the filter cartridge, with a gap between the two sections that opens to all sides; the trumpet-shaped section and the straight cylinder are connected oblique section and straight pipe section, and the gap is a secondary flow-guiding port; and a baffle is provided at the junction of the straight pipe section and the oblique section, and the baffle is sealed to the filter cartridge inlet.

[0005] Preferably, the outer shell is divided into upper and lower chambers by a perforated plate, and the filter cartridge is installed at the bottom of the perforated plate; the chamber includes a clean air chamber above the perforated plate and a filter chamber below the perforated plate; the clean air chamber is provided with a first air inlet, which is connected to a fan for drawing air; the filter chamber is provided with a second air inlet for the gas to be filtered.

[0006] Preferably, the filter chamber is provided with an ash hopper located below the filter cartridge, the edge of the ash hopper is provided with a protruding anti-overflow plate, and the outer shell side wall at the corresponding position of the ash hopper is provided with an inspection door and a dust removal port.

[0007] Preferably, the beveled section and the straight pipe section are detachably connected by flanges or integrally formed; the secondary drainage ports are evenly distributed circumferentially along the beveled section.

[0008] Preferably, the baffle is an annular plate, with its outer edge sealed and fitted to the inlet end face of the filter cartridge, and its inner edge fixedly connected to the outer wall of the straight pipe section.

[0009] Preferably, the blowing device includes a bubble storage tank, a pulse controller, a solenoid valve, and a nozzle, wherein the central axis of the nozzle coincides with the central axis of the opening of the inclined section.

[0010] Preferably, a pressure sensor is provided on the top of the clean air chamber, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the pulse controller and the solenoid valve.

[0011] Preferably, the number of filter cartridges is two or more, and they are evenly distributed at the bottom of the tube sheet.

[0012] Preferably, the tube sheet is provided with an annular mounting groove, the outer edge of the filter cartridge inlet is embedded in the mounting groove, and is radially locked by a snap ring.

[0013] Preferably, a dust meter is installed at both the first and second air inlets.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: The horn-shaped structure of the inclined section enhances airflow entrainment and reduces kinetic energy dissipation, while the secondary inlet balances the velocity distribution; the right-angle constraint space formed by the baffle and the straight pipe section strictly confines the airflow vortex inside the filter cartridge, reducing energy dissipation by compressing the vortex's range of motion and promoting the conversion of dynamic pressure to static pressure. The vortex-blocking tube of this system not only simultaneously increases the cleaning pressure in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the filter cartridge, eliminating the negative pressure and cleaning dead zone in the upper part of the filter cartridge caused by vortex diffusion in existing devices; it also reduces dust residue and cleaning energy consumption, significantly extending the service life of the filter cartridge under high dust conditions. Furthermore, the vortex-blocking tube can be molded into a single piece, reducing modification costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-guiding swirl tube structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vortex drain tube of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cleaning system of the flow-guiding swirl tube filter cartridge of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction during the dust collection process of the dust collector according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction during the dust collector cleaning process of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 The graph shows the pressure changes over time at points P1, P2, and P3 of a dust collector filter cartridge equipped with a flow-guiding vortex tube.

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The pressure cloud diagram and streamline diagram of the dust collector filter cartridge in the device are shown when the pressure tends to be stable.

[0022] Figure 8 The graph shows the pressure changes over time at points P1, P2, and P3 of the filter cartridge in a dust collector without a flow-guiding vortex tube.

[0023] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The pressure cloud diagram and streamline diagram of the dust collector filter cartridge in the device are shown when the pressure tends to be stable. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a dust collector in this embodiment includes a shell, a tube sheet 3 separating a clean air chamber 5 and a filter chamber 6. A filter cartridge 1 is installed at the bottom of the tube sheet 3, with a flow-guiding swirl tube 4 coaxially connected to its inlet. One end of the flow-guiding swirl tube 4 is aligned with the outlet of the jet-blowing device 2, and the other end extends into the filter cartridge 1. The filter cartridge 1 consists of two sections: one section facing the jet-blowing device 2 is an outward-opening trumpet-shaped section, and the other section extending into the filter cartridge 1 is a straight cylinder. A gap opening outwards is provided between the two sections. The trumpet-shaped section and the straight cylinder are connected by a beveled section 41 and a straight pipe section 42, with a secondary flow-guiding port 43 at the gap. A baffle 44 is provided at the junction of the straight pipe section 42 and the beveled section 41, and the baffle 44 is sealed to the inlet of the filter cartridge 1. The jet-blowing device 2 includes a bubble storage tank 21, a pulse controller 22, a solenoid valve 23, and a nozzle 24, with the axis of the nozzle 24 aligned with the center of the opening of the beveled section 41. The bottom of the filter chamber 6 is equipped with a dust hopper 7 with an anti-overflow plate on its edge. The corresponding maintenance door and dust removal port are opened on the side wall of the outer shell. The first air port 51 at the top of the clean air chamber 5 is connected to the fan. The second air port 61 on the side wall of the filter chamber 6 is the inlet of dust-laden gas. Dust meters 8 are installed at both air ports.

[0027] During filtration, dust-laden gas enters the filter chamber 6 through the second air port 61. After being filtered by the outer surface of the filter cartridge 1, the clean airflow passes through the straight section 42 of the guide vortex tube 4 and enters the clean air chamber 5, finally exiting through the first air port 51. During dust removal, the pulse controller 22 triggers the solenoid valve 23, and the high-pressure gas in the bubble storage tank 21 is injected from the nozzle 24 into the inclined section 41. The high-speed airflow entrains the surrounding air through the trumpet-shaped inclined opening, while part of the airflow is supplemented from the secondary guide port 43. The mixed airflow diffuses axially along the straight section 42 under the sealing and guidance of the baffle 44, causing the filter cartridge 1 to expand and vibrate uniformly. The detached dust falls into the ash hopper 7.

[0028] During system operation, the dust meter 8 monitors the dust concentration at the air inlet in real time; when the pressure sensor at the top of the clean air chamber 5 detects excessive resistance, it sends a signal to the pulse controller 22 to start the dust removal program; after the dust removal is completed, the inspection door can be opened to maintain the dust hopper 7.

[0029] In existing devices, airflow accumulates upon impact with the bottom of filter cartridge 1, creating a large-scale vortex at the inlet of filter cartridge 1. This results in negative pressure in the upper region of filter cartridge 1 and increases energy consumption, leading to insufficient cleaning of the upper part of filter cartridge 1 and the formation of a cleaning dead zone. In this system, during the cleaning process, the nozzle 24 of the jet cleaning device 2 generates a high-speed pulsed airflow, which is directed towards and injected into the inclined section 41 of the inclined section 4. The trumpet-shaped structure of the inclined section 41 has multiple functions: firstly, its gradually expanding shape effectively constricts the pulsed airflow, significantly reducing kinetic energy loss before entering the inlet of filter cartridge 1; secondly, according to Bernoulli's principle, when the high-speed airflow passes through the inclined section 41, a relatively low-pressure zone forms inside, while the outer region above the inclined section 41 maintains a higher ambient pressure. This pressure difference causes some of the clean airflow near the inlet of filter cartridge 1 and in clean air chamber 5 to be entrained and flow into the interior of inclined section 41 through the upper end of the inclined section 41, thus significantly increasing the total intake air volume into filter cartridge 1. However, while relying solely on inclined section 41 can increase the intake air volume and reduce dispersion, it also increases the axial velocity of the airflow entering the interior of filter cartridge 1, leading to a further decrease in airflow pressure. To solve the problem of excessively high velocity, a secondary inlet 43 is circumferentially provided at the junction of inclined section 41 and straight pipe section 42. Since the interior of inclined section 41 is in a low-pressure state during pulse injection, while the external pressure is high, the pressure difference drives the external gas to flow horizontally and radially into the interior of inclined section 41 through the secondary inlet 43. This newly introduced radial airflow converges and collides with the high-speed axial main airflow flowing vertically downward from the bell mouth of inclined section 41 in the region near the end of inclined section 41. Although this collision causes some energy loss, its core effect is to effectively reduce the overall velocity of the mixed airflow entering the straight pipe section 42 and ultimately acting on the inside of the filter cartridge 1; and to increase the total intake volume again by supplementing external gas. The baffle 44 is tightly sealed at the inlet end face of the filter cartridge 1 and connected to the outer wall of the straight pipe section 42, forming a constrained space at the junction. The mixed airflow, with optimized velocity and increased volume formed by the combined action of the inclined section 41 and the secondary inlet 43, is strictly guided and constrained by the baffle 44, and can only enter the filter cartridge 1 axially downwards along the straight pipe section 42. Furthermore, when the airflow enters the filter cartridge 1, the presence of the right-angle space and the sealing effect of the right angle reduce the airflow range compared to before the structure was installed. By compressing the airflow range, energy dissipation is reduced, which is beneficial for the accumulation of static pressure energy inside the filter cartridge 1, promoting the conversion of dynamic pressure to static pressure, and significantly increasing the pressure inside the filter cartridge 1. Ultimately, this achieves uniform accumulation of static pressure energy along the entire length of the filter cartridge 1, completely eliminating the cleaning dead zone. This design not only improves the cleaning intensity of the upper part of the filter cartridge 1, but also solves the problem of the cleaning dead zone caused by the energy dissipation of the inlet vortex in existing devices, significantly improving the service life of the filter cartridge 1 and the system stability under high dust conditions. In addition, the flow-guiding vortex tube 4 of this system has a simple assembly structure and can be integrally molded, greatly reducing manufacturing costs.

[0030] Example 2:

[0031] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this is a dust collector in this embodiment. High-frequency piezoelectric sensors are installed at three positions (P1, P2, and P3) in the vertical direction of the filter cartridge 1 to detect the pressure in the upper, middle, and lower regions of the filter cartridge 1 during dust removal, thereby determining the dust removal effect. Figure 6-9 As shown, Figure 8 The graph shows the pressure changes over time at positions P1, P2, and P3 when the drain swirl tube 4 is not installed. Figure 6 After installing the vortex drain tube 4, an airflow with the same flow rate and velocity is introduced. The pressure curves at positions P1, P2, and P3 change over time. Figure 6 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the dust collector with the diversion swirl tube 4 has a much higher surface pressure on the filter cartridge 1 than the dust collector without the diversion swirl tube 4 when subjected to the same jet of air. In other words, the dust collector with the diversion swirl tube 4 has a better dust removal effect.

[0032] like Figure 6-9 As shown, specifically, a vortex draining tube 4 is installed. Figure 6 , Figure 7 ) and without a vortex drain tube 4 ( Figure 8 , Figure 9 The internal state of the dust collector under the same dust removal airflow conditions.

[0033] Figure 9 (Without the flow-guiding vortex tube 4): Pressure cloud map and streamline diagram inside the dust collector at 0.04 seconds (when the pressure tends to stabilize). The diagram shows (colors represent pressure magnitude, red for high pressure, blue for low pressure): a large-scale vortex forms in the inlet area of ​​filter cartridge 1, with a significantly expanded vortex range. Some streamlines show that the airflow clearly escapes to the outside of filter cartridge 1. This large-scale vortex and airflow escape result in a large amount of energy dissipation. The direct result is a significant decrease in pressure in the upper region of filter cartridge 1 (the corresponding area in the diagram is bluish), creating a weak area for dust removal.

[0034] Figure 7 (With the vortex-blocking tube 4 installed): Under the same 0.04-second steady-state condition, the internal state of the dust collector with the vortex-blocking tube 4 installed: The right-angled constraint space formed at the junction of the baffle 44 and the straight pipe section 42 plays a crucial role. The figure clearly shows that the cyclone, which might otherwise diffuse, is strictly confined inside the filter cartridge 1, and its range of motion is significantly reduced. The streamline diagram shows that the airflow is more orderly within the constrained space, and energy dissipation is effectively suppressed. The pressure cloud diagram visually shows that, thanks to the compression of the vortex's range of motion and the reduction in energy dissipation, the pressure inside the filter cartridge 1 (especially the upper region) is significantly increased (the corresponding area in red is more obvious in the figure), indicating that static pressure energy is effectively accumulated.

[0035] from Figure 7 and Figure 9 The significant difference directly proves that the flow-guiding vortex tube 4 (especially the right-angle constraint space formed by its baffle 44 and straight pipe section 42) successfully converts the airflow energy into an effective driving force to increase the static pressure inside the filter cartridge 1 by compressing the vortex activity range and reducing energy dissipation. This solves the problem of insufficient pressure at the top of the filter cartridge, resulting in a dead zone for dust removal and energy waste, which exists when this structure is not installed.

Claims

1. A dust collector, comprising a filter cartridge (1) installed within a housing, a blower (2) for cleaning the filter cartridge (1) by blowing air, and a tube sheet (3) for mounting the filter cartridge (1); characterized in that, A flow-guiding swirl tube (4) is provided at the inlet of the filter cartridge (1); one end of the flow-guiding swirl tube (4) is aligned with the air outlet of the blowing device (2), and the other end extends into the filter cartridge (1); the flow-guiding swirl tube (4) consists of two sections, one of which faces the blowing device (2) and is an outward-opening trumpet tube, and the other of which extends into the filter cartridge (1) and is a straight tube, with a gap between the two sections that opens to all sides; the trumpet tube and the straight tube are a connected oblique section (41) and a straight tube section (42), and the gap is a secondary flow-guiding port (43); and a baffle (44) is provided at the junction of the straight tube section (42) and the oblique section (41), and the baffle (44) is sealed to the inlet of the filter cartridge (1).

2. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell is divided into upper and lower chambers by a perforated plate (3), and the filter cartridge (1) is installed at the bottom of the perforated plate (3). The chamber includes a clean air chamber (5) above the perforated plate (3) and a filter chamber (6) below. The clean air chamber (5) is provided with a first air port (51), which is connected to a fan for drawing air. The filter chamber (6) is provided with a second air port (61) for the gas to be filtered.

3. The dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter chamber (6) is provided with a ash hopper (7) located below the filter cartridge (1). The edge of the ash hopper (7) is provided with a protruding anti-overflow plate, and the outer shell side wall of the ash hopper (7) at the corresponding position is provided with an inspection door and a dust removal port.

4. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined section (41) and the straight pipe section (42) are detachably connected by flanges or integrally formed; the secondary drainage port (43) is evenly distributed circumferentially along the inclined section (41).

5. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (44) is an annular plate, with its outer edge sealed and fitted to the inlet end face of the filter cartridge (1), and its inner edge fixedly connected to the outer wall of the straight pipe section (42).

6. The dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blowing device (2) includes a bubble storage tank (21), a pulse controller (22), a solenoid valve (23), and a nozzle (24), the central axis of which coincides with the central axis of the opening of the oblique section (41).

7. The dust collector according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided on the top of the clean air chamber (5), and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the pulse controller (22) and the solenoid valve (23).

8. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of filter cartridges (1) is two or more, and they are evenly distributed at the bottom of the tube sheet (3).

9. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube sheet (3) is provided with an annular mounting groove, and the outer edge of the filter cartridge (1) inlet is embedded in the mounting groove and radially locked by a snap ring.

10. The dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: Dust meters (8) are installed at both the first air inlet (51) and the second air inlet (61).

Images