A rock breaking device for use in ground excavation

Abstract

The rock-soil breaking device for rock-soil excavation comprises a shell, discharge ports one and two arranged on the shell, a broken material assembly arranged in the shell, a driving assembly arranged on the shell and used for driving the broken material assembly, the broken material assembly being used for breaking stone materials, a material distribution assembly arranged on the broken material assembly and used for moving and distributing the entering stone materials left and right to reduce the broken material pressure of the pricking and jacking assembly, a multi-point pricking and jacking assembly arranged on the broken material assembly, the multi-point pricking and jacking assembly comprising steel cones and a sliding frame, the sliding frame being slidingly connected in the shell, and a plurality of steel cones being fixedly connected to the front surface of the sliding frame, and a linkage assembly being arranged between the multi-point pricking and jacking assembly and the broken material assembly. Through the above components, the multi-point pricking and jacking assembly and the broken material assembly are linked to form "two-way breaking", the stone material is easily broken, and the invalid energy consumption is reduced. The material distribution assembly uniformly distributes the stone materials from the material source, reduces the steel cone pressure, and avoids the eccentric jaw plate from being abnormally worn, stuck and jammed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock-soil breaking device, in particular to a rock-soil breaking device for mining. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rock-soil breaking device is a core equipment in mining, building foundation pit excavation, road construction and other engineering, which breaks large rocks, soil and other rock-soil medium into small pieces or particles for subsequent transportation and processing (such as making building aggregate), and its performance directly affects the engineering efficiency and resource utilization.

[0003] The current mainstream jaw crusher relies on the dynamic jaw plate for one-way extrusion to achieve breaking, which often causes difficulty in breaking hard rocks, repeated extrusion, high energy consumption, easy jamming, and overload damage of the breaking component due to material accumulation, uneven stress of the dynamic jaw plate, and short service life of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the technical field of rock-soil breaking device, in particular to a rock-soil breaking device for mining.

[0005] The present application also provides a rock-soil breaking device, which comprises a shell, a first discharge port and a second discharge port arranged on the shell, a broken material assembly arranged in the shell, a driving assembly arranged on the shell for driving the broken material assembly, the broken material assembly for breaking stone, a material distribution assembly arranged on the broken material assembly for moving and distributing the entering stone to reduce the broken material pressure of the pricking assembly, a multi-point pricking assembly arranged on the broken material assembly, the multi-point pricking assembly comprising a steel cone and a sliding frame, the sliding frame being slidingly connected in the shell, a plurality of steel cones being fixedly connected to the front surface of the sliding frame, a linkage assembly being arranged between the multi-point pricking assembly and the broken material assembly for synchronously driving the multi-point pricking assembly during operation of the broken material assembly, and a dynamic screening assembly arranged in the shell.

[0006] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the broken material assembly comprises a fixed jaw plate, a fixed frame and a through groove, the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell, the fixed jaw plate is fixedly connected to the side surface of the fixed frame, the through groove is arranged in alignment on the shell and the fixed frame, the sliding frame is slidingly connected in the through groove, and a plurality of steel cones are penetratingly connected in the fixed jaw plate.

[0007] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the broken material assembly further comprises a moving jaw plate, two large cams, and two support arms, the two large cams and the two support arms are rotationally connected to the inner surface of the shell, the upper side of the moving jaw plate is rotationally connected between the protruding parts of the two large cams, and the lower side of the moving jaw plate is rotationally connected between the two support arms.

[0008] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the driving assembly comprises a large belt pulley, a small belt pulley, and a belt, the large belt pulley and the small belt pulley are rotationally connected to the side surface of the shell, the belt is sleeved on the outer wall of the large belt pulley and the small belt pulley, the side surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a support frame, the inner surface of the support frame is fixedly connected with a motor one, and the small belt pulley is driven by the motor one; the large belt pulley is fixedly connected with the large cam through a shaft.

[0009] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the material distribution assembly comprises a material distribution plate, a sliding groove, a reciprocating lead screw, and a reciprocating sliding block, the material distribution plate is slidingly connected to the front surface of the moving jaw plate, the sliding groove is arranged on the front surface of the moving jaw plate, the reciprocating sliding block is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the material distribution plate, the reciprocating sliding block is slidingly connected in the sliding groove, the reciprocating lead screw is rotationally connected to the inner surface of the sliding groove, and the reciprocating sliding block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw; the side surface of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with a motor two, and the reciprocating lead screw is driven by the motor two.

[0010] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the linkage assembly comprises two pull rods and two small cams, one of the two small cams is fixedly connected to one side of the large belt pulley, the other small cam is rotationally connected to the side of the shell away from the large belt pulley and is fixedly connected with the large cam on the side through a shaft, the two pull rods are respectively hinged to the protruding parts of the two small cams, and the other ends of the two pull rods are respectively hinged to the two sides of the sliding frame.

[0011] According to the rock-soil breaking device, the dynamic screening assembly comprises a sliding rail, a screening plate, and an electric push rod, the sliding rail is obliquely and throughly connected in the shell, the screening plate is slidingly connected to the inside of the sliding rail, and the electric push rod is fixedly connected between the screening plate and the sliding rail; the second discharge port is located above the downward inclined end of the screening plate, and the first discharge port is located below the upward inclined end of the screening plate. Advantages

[0012] The rock-soil breaking device has the advantages that the multi-point piercing assembly is driven by the broken material assembly driving system linkage, does not need additional power, can form a "two-way crushing" cooperation with the moving jaw plate, the steel cone pierces the stone material synchronously when the moving jaw plate is extruded, forms dense crack damage to the stone material integrity, makes the stone material more easily broken, avoids the problems of hard rock difficult to crush and repeated extrusion invalidation in the traditional jaw, and reduces invalid energy consumption.

[0013] The material distribution assembly cooperates with the material crushing assembly and the multi-point piercing assembly to optimize the process from the material source. When the stone material enters, the material distribution plate slides left and right along the sliding groove, uniformly disperses the stone material prone to accumulation, avoids concentrated impact on the steel cone, and fully contacts the dispersed stone material with the multiple steel cones, thereby reducing the crushing pressure of the steel cone, reducing the overload damage of the steel cone, balancing the stress of the moving jaw plate, avoiding eccentric wear or jamming, improving the overall crushing efficiency of the crushing chamber, and adapting to large-capacity mining demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a front view structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a left view cross-sectional structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a rear view cross-sectional structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a local cross-sectional structure diagram of the material distribution assembly of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a rear view structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a right view cross-sectional structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a front view cross-sectional structure diagram of the rock-soil mining crushing device of the application.

[0022] Legend:

[0023] Large pulley; 2, small cam; 3, belt; 4, support frame; 5, motor one; 6, pull rod; 7, through slot; 8, shell; 9, discharge port two; 10, material distribution plate; 11, moving jaw plate; 12, sliding rail; 13, electric push rod; 14, discharge port one; 15, fixed jaw plate; 16, fixed frame; 17, sliding frame; 18, steel cone; 19, screening plate; 20, large cam; 21, small pulley; 22, support arm; 23, sliding groove; 24, reciprocating screw; 25, reciprocating sliding block; 26, motor two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail, the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with figures, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] With reference to Figures 1-7 , the rock breaking device for rock and soil excavation comprises a shell 8, a first discharge port 14 and a second discharge port 9 are arranged on the shell 8, a crushing assembly is arranged in the shell 8, a driving assembly for driving the crushing assembly is arranged on the shell 8, and the crushing assembly is used for crushing stone;

[0026] Considering that the existing device is prone to stone accumulation when feeding, which causes pressure concentration of the crushing part and fast damage, a material distribution assembly is arranged on the crushing assembly to move the entering stone left and right to disperse and reduce the crushing pressure of the piercing assembly, the material distribution assembly comprises a material distribution plate 10, a sliding groove 23, a reciprocating lead screw 24 and a reciprocating sliding block 25, the material distribution plate 10 is slidably connected to the front surface of the moving jaw plate 11, the sliding groove 23 is arranged on the front surface of the moving jaw plate 11, the reciprocating sliding block 25 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the material distribution plate 10, the reciprocating sliding block 25 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 23, the reciprocating lead screw 24 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the sliding groove 23, and the reciprocating sliding block 25 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw 24; a second motor 26 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the sliding groove 23, and the reciprocating lead screw 24 is driven by the second motor 26; in the material distribution assembly, the second motor 26 drives the reciprocating lead screw 24 to rotate, so that the reciprocating sliding block 25 connected by threads slides along the sliding groove 23, and in turn drives the material distribution plate 10 to slide left and right on the front surface of the moving jaw plate 11; the material distribution plate 10 uniformly distributes the entering stone, avoids the concentrated impact of the stone on the piercing assembly, reduces the crushing pressure of components such as the steel cone 18, and reduces the risk of overload damage;

[0027] Specifically, the reciprocating lead screw 24 converts the rotary motion of the lead screw into the linear reciprocating motion of the sliding block along the axis of the lead screw through the special reciprocating helical groove on the surface of the reciprocating lead screw 24 and the matching structure (such as a sliding shoe) on the reciprocating sliding block 25, without the need for an additional reversing mechanism to realize the back-and-forth movement of the sliding block. This is a mature technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] Considering that the existing device only relies on one-way extrusion to break the integrity of hard rock, the crushing efficiency is low, so a multi-point piercing assembly is arranged on the crushing assembly, the multi-point piercing assembly comprises a steel cone 18 and a sliding frame 17, the sliding frame 17 is slidably connected in the shell 8, and a plurality of steel cones 18 are fixedly connected to the front surface of the sliding frame 17; the telescopic steel cone 18 can increase the stone crushing impact point, cooperate with the extrusion of the moving jaw plate 11 to form composite crushing, break the integrity of the stone, make the hard rock more easily broken, and improve the crushing efficiency;

[0029] In view of the fact that the telescopic steel cone 18 requires an additional power source, which increases the complexity of the device and makes it difficult to coordinate with the moving jaw plate 11, a linkage assembly is arranged between the multi-point piercing top assembly and the crushing assembly to synchronously drive the multi-point piercing top assembly during the operation of the crushing assembly. The linkage assembly comprises two pull rods 6 and two small cams 2. One small cam 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the large pulley 1, and the other small cam 2 is rotatably connected to the side of the housing 8 away from the large pulley 1 and fixedly connected to the large cam 20 on that side through a shaft. The two pull rods 6 are respectively hingedly connected to the protruding parts of the two small cams 2, and the other ends of the two pull rods 6 are respectively hingedly connected to the two sides of the sliding frame 17. The two small cams 2 of the linkage assembly are respectively linked with the large pulley 1 and the large cam 20. When the small cam 2 rotates, it pulls the sliding frame 17 to slide through the pull rod 6. This design does not require additional power and achieves the synchronous movement of the steel cone 18 and the moving jaw plate 11 by means of the crushing assembly drive system, forming a "two-way crushing" coordination and reducing the invalid energy consumption.

[0030] In view of the fact that the existing device requires additional screening of crushed stone, which is complicated and inefficient, a dynamic screening assembly is arranged in the housing 8. The dynamic screening assembly comprises a sliding rail 12, a screening plate 19, and an electric push rod 13. The sliding rail 12 is inclined and connected through the housing 8. The screening plate 19 is slidingly connected inside the sliding rail 12. The electric push rod 13 is fixedly connected between the screening plate 19 and the sliding rail 12. The second discharge port 9 is located above the downward inclined end of the screening plate 19. The first discharge port 14 is located below the upward inclined end of the screening plate 19. In the dynamic screening assembly, the electric push rod 13 pushes the screening plate 19 to slide along the sliding rail 12. The crushed stone falls on the screening plate 19. The stone that meets the specifications is discharged from the first discharge port 14, and the oversized stone is discharged from the second discharge port 9. This design realizes the integration of crushing and screening, eliminates the additional screening process, improves the classification efficiency of crushed stone, and ensures the quality of finished products.

[0031] In summary, the improvements of the present embodiment are as follows:

[0032] The multi-point piercing top assembly relies on the linkage of the crushing assembly drive system and does not require additional power. It can form a "two-way crushing" coordination with the moving jaw plate 11. When the moving jaw plate 11 is pressed, the steel cone 18 pierces the stone synchronously, forming dense cracks to damage the integrity of the stone, making it easier to break, avoiding the problem of hard rock being difficult to crush repeatedly in traditional jaw crushers, reducing invalid energy consumption.

[0033] The distribution assembly cooperates with the crushing assembly and the multi-point piercing top assembly to optimize the process from the source of the feed. When the stone enters, the distribution plate 10 slides left and right along the sliding groove 23 to uniformly disperse the stone that is prone to accumulate, avoiding concentrated impact on the steel cone 18. The dispersed stone fully contacts with the multiple steel cones 18, reducing the crushing pressure of the steel cone 18 and reducing the overload damage of the steel cone 18. At the same time, it balances the stress of the moving jaw plate 11, avoiding eccentric wear or jamming, improving the overall crushing efficiency of the crushing chamber, and adapting to the demand of large-capacity mining.

[0034] On the basis of the above, other structures also need to be disclosed in detail, such as:

[0035] The crushing assembly comprises a fixed jaw plate 15, a fixed frame 16, a through slot 7, the fixed frame 16 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell 8, the fixed jaw plate 15 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the fixed frame 16, the through slot 7 is aligned and arranged on the shell 8 and the fixed frame 16, the sliding frame 17 is slidingly connected inside the through slot 7, and a plurality of steel cones 18 are penetratingly connected inside the fixed jaw plate 15.

[0036] Considering the support structure of the moving jaw plate 11, the crushing assembly further comprises a moving jaw plate 11, two large cams 20, and two support arms 22, both of which are rotatably connected to the inner surface of the shell 8, the upper side of the moving jaw plate 11 is rotatably connected between the protruding parts of the two large cams 20, and the lower side of the moving jaw plate 11 is rotatably connected between the two support arms 22. In the crushing assembly, the driving assembly drives the large cam 20 to rotate, the protruding part of the large cam 20 pushes the upper side of the moving jaw plate 11 to move, and at the same time the support arm 22 supports the lower side of the moving jaw plate 11, so that the moving jaw plate 11 realizes reciprocating motion towards the fixed jaw plate 15; this structure provides stable power and support for the moving jaw plate 11, ensures its continuous and regular crushing action, and improves the stability of the device.

[0037] Considering the power transmission problem of the moving jaw plate 11, the driving assembly comprises a large pulley 1, a small pulley 21, and a belt 3, both of which are rotatably connected to the side surface of the shell 8, the belt 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the large pulley 1 and the small pulley 21, the side surface of the shell 8 is fixedly connected with a support frame 4, the inner surface of the support frame 4 is fixedly connected with a motor one 5, and the small pulley 21 is driven by the motor one 5; the large pulley 1 is fixedly connected with the large cam 20 through a shaft, the motor one 5 of the driving assembly drives the small pulley 21 to rotate, drives the large pulley 1 to rotate through the belt 3, and drives the large cam 20 to rotate through the shaft; the motor one 5 serves as a single power source, stably transmits power through pulley transmission, drives the moving jaw plate 11 to move, reduces power loss, and reduces the complexity and operation and maintenance cost of the device.

[0038] Working principle: when the rock-soil breaking device is working, the core power is provided by the motor one 5, the motor one 5 drives the small pulley 21 to rotate, the large pulley 1 is synchronously rotated through the belt 3, and the large cam 20 in the crushing assembly is rotated through the shaft by the large pulley 1.

[0039] The protruding part of the large cam 20 pushes the upper side of the moving jaw plate 11 to move, and at the same time the support arm 22 stably supports the lower side of the moving jaw plate 11, so that the moving jaw plate 11 makes reciprocating motion towards the fixed jaw plate 15 around the support point, providing core extrusion force for stone crushing.

[0040] In the process, the small cam 2 on one side of the large pulley 1 rotates synchronously with the large pulley 1, and the small cam 2 on the other side rotates coaxially with the large cam 20. The two small cams 2 pull the sliding frame 17 along the through slot 7 through the pull rod 6, and then drive the multiple steel spikes 18 in the fixed jaw plate 15 to extend and retract, realizing the "two-way crushing" cooperation of the steel spikes 18 and the moving jaw plate 11. When the moving jaw plate 11 extrudes the stone forward, the steel spikes 18 are simultaneously extended to pierce and top the stone, forming dense cracks inside the stone to destroy its integrity and reduce the difficulty of crushing.

[0041] During the crushing of the stone, the motor 26 drives the reciprocating screw rod 24 in the distribution assembly to rotate, so that the reciprocating sliding block 25 slides along the sliding groove 23, and then drives the distribution plate 10 to slide left and right on the front surface of the moving jaw plate 11, uniformly dispersing the stone to each area of the crushing cavity to avoid concentrated impact on the steel spikes 18.

[0042] The crushed stone falls onto the screening plate 19 of the dynamic screening assembly, and the electric push rod 13 pushes the screening plate 19 to slide along the sliding rail 12. The stone meeting the specifications is discharged from the discharge port 1 4, and the oversized stone is discharged from the discharge port 2 9 along the inclined surface of the screening plate 19, completing the integrated operation of crushing and screening.

[0043] The above describes the embodiments of the present application in detail in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock and soil crushing device, comprising: A housing (8) is provided with a discharge port one (14) and a discharge port two (9). A crushing assembly is provided inside the housing (8). A driving assembly for driving the crushing assembly is provided on the housing (8). The crushing assembly is used for crushing stone. The characteristic feature is that: The crushing assembly is equipped with a material distribution component, which is used to move and disperse the incoming stone material from left to right to reduce the crushing pressure of the spiked assembly. The material crushing assembly is provided with a multi-point spike assembly, which includes: a steel cone (18) and a sliding frame (17). The sliding frame (17) is slidably connected in the housing (8). Multiple steel cones (18) are fixedly connected to the front surface of the sliding frame (17). A linkage assembly is provided between the multi-point spike assembly and the material crushing assembly for synchronously driving the multi-point spike assembly during the operation of the material crushing assembly. A dynamic screening component is provided inside the housing (8); The crushing assembly includes: a fixed jaw plate (15) and a movable jaw plate (11). Multiple steel cones (18) are connected through the fixed jaw plate (15). The linkage assembly drives the sliding frame (17) to slide back and forth, causing the multiple steel cones (18) in the fixed jaw plate (15) to extend and retract. When the linkage assembly drives the movable jaw plate (11) to squeeze the stone forward, it simultaneously drives the steel cones (18) to extend out and pierce the stone. The material distribution assembly includes: a material distribution plate (10), a sliding groove (23), and a reciprocating slider (25). The material distribution plate (10) is slidably connected to the front surface of the moving jaw plate (11). The sliding groove (23) is disposed on the front surface of the moving jaw plate (11). The reciprocating slider (25) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the material distribution plate (10) and is slidably connected in the sliding groove (23).

2. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material crushing assembly includes: a fixed frame (16) and a through groove (7). The fixed frame (16) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing (8). The fixed jaw plate (15) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the fixed frame (16). The through groove (7) is aligned on the housing (8) and the fixed frame (16). The sliding frame (17) is slidably connected inside the through groove (7).

3. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing assembly also includes two large cams (20) and two support arms (22). The two large cams (20) and the two support arms (22) are rotatably connected to the inner surface of the housing (8). The upper side of the moving jaw plate (11) is rotatably connected between the protruding parts of the two large cams (20), and the lower side of the moving jaw plate (11) is rotatably connected between the two support arms (22).

4. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes: a large pulley (1), a small pulley (21), and a belt (3). The large pulley (1) and the small pulley (21) are rotatably connected to the side surface of the housing (8). The belt (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the large pulley (1) and the small pulley (21). A support frame (4) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the housing (8). A motor (5) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the support frame (4). The small pulley (21) is driven by the motor (5). The large pulley (1) and the large cam (20) are fixedly connected by a shaft.

5. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution assembly includes: a reciprocating lead screw (24), which is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the sliding groove (23), and a reciprocating slider (25) threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw (24); The side surface of the sliding groove (23) is fixedly connected to a motor (26), and the reciprocating lead screw (24) is driven by the motor (26).

6. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes two pull rods (6) and two small cams (2). One small cam (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the large pulley (1), and the other small cam (2) is rotatably connected to the side of the housing (8) away from the large pulley (1) and fixedly connected to the large cam (20) on that side by a shaft. The two pull rods (6) are respectively hinged to the protruding parts of the two small cams (2), and the other ends of the two pull rods (6) are respectively hinged to both sides of the sliding frame (17).

7. The rock and soil crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic screening assembly includes: a slide rail (12), a screening plate (19), and an electric push rod (13). The slide rail (12) is inclined and connected through the housing (8). The screening plate (19) is slidably connected inside the slide rail (12). The electric push rod (13) is fixedly connected between the screening plate (19) and the slide rail (12). The second discharge port (9) is located above the downward inclined end of the screening plate (19), and the first discharge port (14) is located below the upward inclined end of the screening plate (19).

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