Hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process

Abstract

A hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process comprises the following steps: P1, operation on a display screen of a control system: selecting an abrasive cleaning mode, starting a compressor, inflating a high-pressure gas cylinder, and turning on a spray gun switch to start to clean a workpiece when the pressure reaches a set value; p2, opening a high-pressure water electromagnetic valve; p3, opening a high-pressure gas electromagnetic valve; p4, an abrasive electromagnetic valve is opened; p5, water-in-air two-phase jet flow sprayed at a high speed enters a three-phase jet flow spray gun body mixing chamber from an air-water spray pipe, abrasive materials entering the mixing chamber are accelerated, high-pressure air-carried abrasive materials are formed, and three-phase mixed jet flow with high-pressure water in the center is sprayed to the surface of a workpiece from a sand blasting pipe of the spray gun to the surface of the workpiece at a high speed from the spray gun body mixing chamber; and P6, cleaning is finished. A gas-in-water two-phase high-speed jet flow is formed in advance through a front gas-water spray head mixing cavity of the three-phase spray gun, energy transfer is carried out between the gas-in-water two-phase high-speed jet flow and a hydrocarbon abrasive jet flow entering a mixing chamber of the three-phase spray gun, secondary acceleration is carried out on an abrasive, and the abrasive moving at a high speed impacts the surface of a workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface treatment technology, and in particular to a surface treatment process for hydrocarbon abrasives. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional surface treatment processes mainly include mechanical grinding, chemical cleaning, and sandblasting. However, these methods have certain limitations: mechanical grinding is inefficient and easily damages the workpiece surface; chemical cleaning may cause environmental pollution and has limited effectiveness on some stubborn dirt such as oil stains and oxide layers; while conventional sandblasting can effectively remove surface impurities, it is prone to dust pollution and does not provide precise control over the surface roughness of the workpiece.

[0003] In recent years, high-pressure water jetting and gas-liquid two-phase jetting technologies have been introduced into the surface treatment field to improve cleaning efficiency and environmental friendliness. However, in existing technologies, high-pressure water jetting often requires high water pressure when dealing with high-hardness dirt or rust layers, leading to increased energy consumption. Furthermore, the cleaning effect on complex-shaped workpieces is uneven, necessitating the introduction of abrasives to enhance the impact and peeling effect. Traditional abrasives such as quartz sand and steel grit can improve cleaning efficiency, but their high hardness can easily damage the workpiece substrate, and the resulting waste is difficult to recycle, further increasing the environmental burden and overall cost. Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), as an environmentally friendly abrasive, has unique advantages: its moderate Mohs hardness of 3.0 allows it to effectively clean surfaces without damaging the substrate; its water solubility makes waste easy to handle, meeting environmental protection requirements; and its chemical properties are stable and non-toxic. However, the application of sodium bicarbonate requires solving a key technical problem: if the abrasive is mixed with water before spraying, it will lead to dissolution failure. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process that uses pneumatic conveying to ensure that the abrasive reaches the workpiece surface only by airflow and then works with water jets to clean and remove dust. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a surface treatment process for hydrocarbon abrasives.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process involves cleaning the workpiece surface with abrasive, starting the compressor to fill the high-pressure gas cylinder, and once the pressure reaches the set value, turning on the spray gun switch to begin cleaning the workpiece. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0007] P1. When the high-pressure water solenoid valve is opened, the water supply filtration system delivers high-pressure water through the high-pressure water pipeline of the high-pressure water system to the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle of the spray gun via the high-pressure pump. This forms a straight water column that passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the air-water nozzle of the spray gun. The straight water column and the outer annular high-pressure air column together form an air-water two-phase jet state, which is injected into the mixing chamber center of the three-phase jet spray gun body through the air-water nozzle and ejected from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe of the spray gun.

[0008] P2. The high-pressure gas solenoid valve opens, and the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor of the compressor system is delivered to the high-pressure gas nozzles arranged on the outer circumference of the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle on the spray gun through the high-pressure gas pipeline. The annular high-pressure gas column passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the gas-water spray pipe and together with the straight water column in the center, it forms a gas-water two-phase jet state. It is injected into the mixing chamber center of the three-phase jet spray gun body through the gas-water spray pipe and ejected at high speed from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe, forming a strong negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body.

[0009] P3. When the abrasive solenoid valve is opened, the abrasive supply system starts to continuously transport the abrasive in the abrasive tank through the abrasive conveying pipe and the abrasive inlet connector to the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body under the action of low pressure gas. In this way, the abrasive flows uniformly in a suspended state in the abrasive conveying pipe under the action of low pressure gas, and is accelerated and injected into the mixing chamber under the superposition of negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body.

[0010] P4. The high-speed air-water two-phase jet enters the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body from the air-water nozzle, accelerating the abrasive entering the mixing chamber and forming a high-pressure air-carrying abrasive with high-pressure water at the center. The three-phase mixed jet is then ejected at high speed from the spray gun's sandblasting pipe from the mixing chamber onto the workpiece surface to peel off and impact dirt, thus achieving the purpose of cleaning the workpiece.

[0011] P5. After the workpiece cleaning is completed, turn off the spray gun, then turn off the abrasive solenoid valve, select air drying on the display screen, open the high-pressure air solenoid valve to dry the workpiece, turn off the high-pressure air solenoid valve after the drying process is completed, then turn off the compressor, then close the high and low pressure air shut-off valves, and finally shut down the machine.

[0012] After the abrasive cleaning of the workpiece surface is completed, the rust inhibitor in the rust inhibitor tank of the rust inhibitor system is delivered to the rust inhibitor spray gun and sprayed onto the workpiece surface by low-pressure air to prevent the workpiece surface from rusting.

[0013] When cleaning workpieces with severe oil stains, sodium bicarbonate cleaning agent is added to the cleaning agent tank of the cleaning agent system. The delivery pipeline of the cleaning agent system is connected to the pipeline before the water supply pump after the water tank of the water supply and filtration system, forming a supersaturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution as a cleaning jet.

[0014] The low-pressure gas supplied to the abrasive supply system and the rust inhibitor system is either from an external low-pressure gas source or from a low-pressure gas source formed by high-pressure gas generated by the compressor system through a pressure reducing valve and a shut-off valve.

[0015] The compressor system compresses free air directly to a gauge pressure of ≤MPa through multi-stage compression. The compressed air flows through the separator, filter and cooler in the unit to remove oil and impurities. The clean and odorless gas is compressed into a gas cylinder for storage and then supplied to the three-phase jet nozzle with reliable high-pressure gas through high and low pressure reducing valves.

[0016] The control system coordinates the operation of the abrasive supply system, water filtration system, compressor system, cleaning agent system, rust inhibitor system, and spray gun. The control system includes a PLC and a human-machine interface. The human-machine interface is equipped with a touch screen and operation buttons. Parameters are set through the touch screen, and the PLC detects safety conditions. When the start-up criteria are met, the spray gun switch is pressed, and the PLC sequentially starts the compressor, water pump, and abrasive supply system, and opens the high-pressure water solenoid valve to perform three-phase jet cleaning of the workpiece surface.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention employs a three-phase mixed jet technology of gas, water, and abrasive. A two-phase high-speed jet of gas and water is pre-formed in the mixing chamber of the gas-water nozzle before the three-phase spray gun. This jet transfers energy with the hydrocarbon abrasive jet entering the mixing chamber of the three-phase spray gun, and further accelerates the abrasive. The high-speed abrasive impacts the workpiece surface, peeling off and removing dirt and rust. Combined with the chemical cleaning effect of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent, the workpiece surface, blind holes, and crevices are cleaned, thus meeting the requirements for workpiece surface cleaning. A small amount of high-pressure water jet has a certain wetting effect on the abrasive, forming an ultra-fine water mist when sprayed into the workpiece cleaning area, which effectively suppresses dust in the cleaning area and is harmless to the operator's health. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray gun structure of the present invention;

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Water supply and filtration system; 11-Water supply pump; 12-Water tank; 2-High-pressure water system; 21-High-pressure pump; 22-High-pressure water solenoid valve; 4-Abrasive supply system; 41-Abrasive tank; 42-Abrasive solenoid valve; 43-Abrasive inlet connector; 5-Rust inhibitor system; 51-Rust inhibitor tank; 52-Rust inhibitor spray gun; 6-Compressor system; 61-Compressor; 62-Gas cylinder; 63-Pressure reducing valve; 64-Stop valve; 7-Cleaning agent system; 71-Cleaning agent tank; 8-Control system; 9-Spray gun; 91-Needle-shaped linear liquid jet high-pressure nozzle; 92-Air-water spray pipe; 93-Spray gun body; 94-Sandblasting pipe; 95-High-pressure air nozzle;

[0022] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0024] A surface treatment process for hydrocarbon abrasives, comprising the following steps:

[0025] P1. Operation on the display screen of the control system 8: Select the "Abrasive Cleaning" mode, start the compressor 61 to fill the high-pressure gas cylinder 62 with gas, and when the pressure reaches the set value (≤30MPa), turn on the spray gun 9 to start cleaning the workpiece. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0026] P2. The high-pressure water solenoid valve 22 is opened, and the water supply filtration system 1 delivers high-pressure water to the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle 91 of the spray gun 9 through the high-pressure water pipeline of the high-pressure water system 2 via the high-pressure pump 21. The high-pressure water pressure is ≤11MPa, forming a straight water column that passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the air-water spray pipe 92 of the spray gun 9. The straight water column and the outer annular high-pressure air column together form an air-water two-phase jet state, which is sprayed into the mixing chamber center of the three-phase jet spray gun body 93 by the air-water spray pipe 92 and sprayed out from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe 94 of the spray gun 9.

[0027] P3. The high-pressure gas solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor 61 of the compressor system 6 is delivered to the high-pressure gas nozzle 95 arranged on the outer circumference of the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle 91 on the spray gun 9 through the high-pressure gas pipeline. The high-pressure gas pressure is ≤10MPa, forming an annular high-pressure gas column that passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the gas-water spray pipe 92. Together with the straight water column in the center, it forms a gas-water two-phase jet state. It is sprayed into the center of the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body 93 through the gas-water spray pipe 92 and sprayed out at high speed from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe 94, forming a strong negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body 93.

[0028] P4. When the abrasive solenoid valve 42 is opened, the abrasive supply system 4 starts to continuously transport the abrasive in the abrasive tank 41 to the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body 93 through the abrasive conveying pipe and the abrasive inlet connector 43 under the action of low-pressure gas (pressure between 0.2 and 0.3 MPa). In this way, the abrasive flows uniformly in a suspended state in the abrasive conveying pipe under the action of low-pressure gas, and is accelerated and injected into the mixing chamber under the superposition of negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body 93.

[0029] P5. A high-speed air-water two-phase jet enters the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body 93 from the air-water nozzle 92, accelerating the abrasive entering the mixing chamber and forming a high-pressure air-carrying abrasive with high-pressure water at the center. The three-phase mixed jet is then ejected at high speed from the mixing chamber of the spray gun body 93 through the sandblasting pipe 94 of the spray gun 9 onto the workpiece surface to peel off and strike the dirt, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the workpiece.

[0030] P6. After the workpiece cleaning is completed, turn off the spray gun 9, then turn off the abrasive solenoid valve 42, select air drying on the display screen, open the high-pressure air solenoid valve 63 to dry the workpiece, and after the drying process is completed, turn off the high-pressure air solenoid valve 63, then turn off the compressor 61, then close the high and low pressure air shut-off valves 64, and finally shut down the machine.

[0031] After the workpiece is cleaned in the "abrasive cleaning" mode, the control system 8 adjusts the working mode and selects the "rust prevention treatment" mode on the display screen. The rust inhibitor in the rust inhibitor tank 51 of the rust inhibitor system 5 is delivered to the rust inhibitor spray gun 52 and sprayed onto the workpiece surface to prevent rust from forming.

[0032] When cleaning workpieces with severe oil stains, sodium bicarbonate cleaning agent is added to the cleaning agent tank 71 of the cleaning agent system 7. The delivery pipeline of the cleaning agent system 7 is connected to the pipeline before the water supply pump 11 after the water tank 12 of the water supply and filtration system 1, forming a supersaturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution as a cleaning jet. This eliminates the need for conventional subsequent filtration and separation operations of abrasives, making subsequent treatment relatively simple, reducing difficulty, and lowering the overall cost of use.

[0033] The low-pressure gas supplied to the abrasive supply system 4 and the rust inhibitor system 5 is either from an external low-pressure gas source or from high-pressure gas generated by the compressor system 6 via a pressure reducing valve 63 and a shut-off valve 64. The low-pressure gas source of the abrasive supply system 4 is split into two paths through a three-way connector. One path enters the upper part of the abrasive tank 41, pushing the abrasive in the tank 41 downwards to the inlet end of the abrasive valve and into the abrasive mixing chamber. At the same time, the other path of low-pressure gas enters the abrasive conveying pipeline through the abrasive mixing chamber, generating negative pressure in the abrasive mixing chamber. Under the action of negative pressure, the weight of the abrasive, and the pushing action of the low-pressure gas, the abrasive valve outlet end enters the abrasive mixing chamber and then enters the abrasive conveying pipeline. It flows evenly in the abrasive conveying pipeline in a suspended state, passes through the abrasive inlet connector 43, and accelerates under the superposition of strong negative pressure in the mixing chamber. It is continuously sprayed into the mixing chamber of the spray gun body 93, forming an abrasive jet.

[0034] The compressor system 6 compresses the air in a free state directly to compressed air with a gauge pressure of ≤30MPa through multi-stage compression by the compressor 61. The compressed air flows through the separator, filter and cooler in the unit to remove the oil and impurities contained in the air. The clean and odorless gas discharged is compressed into the gas cylinder 62 for storage, and then supplied to the three-phase jet spray gun 9 with reliable high-pressure gas through the high and low pressure reducing valves 63.

[0035] The control system 8 coordinates the operation of the abrasive supply system 4, water supply and filtration system 1, compressor system 6, cleaning agent system 7, rust inhibitor system 5, and spray gun 9. The control system includes a PLC controller and a human-machine interface (HMI). The HMI is equipped with a touch screen and operation buttons. The PLC is a Siemens SIMATIC S7-1200 system. Parameters such as water pressure and abrasive supply rate are set through the touch screen. The PLC detects safety conditions, such as whether the air pressure is up to standard and whether the water level in the water tank 12 is normal. After pressing the spray gun 9 switch, the PLC sequentially starts the compressor 61, water pump 11, and abrasive supply system 4, and opens the high-pressure water solenoid valve 22. The control system provides interlock protection. If the air pressure is lower than the set value, the PLC automatically closes the abrasive valve and alarms. When the overflow valve is triggered, the PLC stops the high-pressure pump 21 and switches the drainage pipeline. According to the settings on the touch screen, the PLC mixes the cleaning agent and low-pressure water in proportion. After the spray gun 9 finishes cleaning, the PLC starts the rust inhibitor system 5, spraying the rust inhibitor through low-pressure air to prevent rust on the workpiece surface.

[0036] The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution, or direct application to other situations without modification, are all within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A surface treatment process for hydrocarbon abrasives, characterized in that, Abrasive cleaning of workpiece surface: Start the compressor (61) to fill the high-pressure gas cylinder (62) with gas. When the pressure reaches the set value, turn on the spray gun (9) to start cleaning the workpiece. The specific workflow is as follows: P1. The high-pressure water solenoid valve (22) is opened, and the water supply filtration system (1) delivers high-pressure water to the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle (91) of the spray gun (9) through the high-pressure water pipeline of the high-pressure water system (2) via the high-pressure pump (21). A straight water column passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the air-water nozzle (92) of the spray gun (9). The straight water column and the outer annular high-pressure air column together form an air-water two-phase jet state. It is sprayed into the mixing chamber center of the three-phase jet spray gun body (93) through the air-water nozzle (92) and sprayed out from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe (94) of the spray gun (9). P2. The high-pressure gas solenoid valve (63) is opened, and the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor (61) of the compressor system (6) is transported through the high-pressure gas pipeline to the high-pressure gas nozzle (95) arranged on the outer circumference of the needle-shaped straight liquid column high-pressure nozzle (91) on the spray gun (9). The annular high-pressure gas column passes through the two-phase mixing spray chamber of the gas-water spray pipe (92) and together with the straight water column in the center, it forms a gas-water two-phase jet state. It is sprayed into the mixing chamber center of the three-phase jet spray gun body (93) from the gas-water spray pipe (92) and sprayed out at high speed from the inner cavity of the sandblasting pipe (94), forming a negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body (93). P3. The abrasive solenoid valve (42) is opened, and the abrasive supply system (4) starts to continuously transport the abrasive in the abrasive tank (41) through the abrasive conveying pipe and the abrasive inlet connector (43) to the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body (93) under the action of low pressure gas. In this way, the abrasive flows uniformly in a suspended state in the abrasive conveying pipe under the action of low pressure gas, and is accelerated to flow and injected into the mixing chamber under the superposition of negative pressure in the mixing chamber of the spray gun body (93). P4. The high-speed air-water two-phase jet enters the mixing chamber of the three-phase jet spray gun body (93) from the air-water nozzle (92), accelerating the abrasive entering the mixing chamber and forming a high-pressure air-carrying abrasive and a high-pressure water three-phase mixed jet that is sprayed at high speed from the mixing chamber of the spray gun body (93) through the sandblasting pipe (94) of the spray gun (9) onto the surface of the workpiece to peel off and strike the dirt, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the workpiece. P5. After the workpiece cleaning is completed, turn off the spray gun (9), then turn off the abrasive solenoid valve (42), select air drying on the display screen, open the high pressure solenoid valve (63) to dry the workpiece, turn off the high pressure solenoid valve (63) after the drying process is completed, then turn off the compressor (61), then close the high and low pressure gas shut-off valves (64), and finally shut down the machine.

2. The hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the abrasive cleaning of the workpiece surface is completed, the workpiece is subjected to rust prevention treatment. The rust inhibitor in the rust inhibitor tank (51) of the rust inhibitor system (5) is transported to the rust inhibitor spray gun (52) by low-pressure air and sprayed onto the workpiece surface to prevent the workpiece surface from rusting.

3. The hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, When cleaning workpieces with severe oil stains, sodium bicarbonate cleaning agent is added to the cleaning agent tank (71) of the cleaning agent system (7). The delivery pipeline of the cleaning agent system (7) is connected to the pipeline before the water supply pump (11) of the water supply filtration system (1) to form a supersaturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution as a cleaning jet.

4. The hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-pressure gas supplied to the abrasive supply system (4) and the rust inhibitor system (5) is either an external low-pressure gas source or a low-pressure gas source formed by high-pressure gas generated by the compressor system (6) through a pressure reducing valve (63) and a low-pressure gas shut-off valve (64).

5. The hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressor system (6) compresses the air in the free state directly to compressed air with a gauge pressure of ≤30MPa through multi-stage compression by the compressor (61). The compressed air flows through the separator, filter and cooler in the unit to remove the oil and impurities contained in the air. The clean and odorless gas discharged is compressed into the gas cylinder (62) for storage, and then supplied to the three-phase jet spray gun (9) with reliable high pressure gas through the high and low pressure reducing valves (63).

6. The hydrocarbon abrasive surface treatment process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control system (8) controls the abrasive supply system (4), water supply and filtration system (1), compressor system (6), cleaning agent system (7), rust inhibitor system (5) and spray gun (9) to work in coordination. The control system includes a PLC and a human-machine interface. The human-machine interface is equipped with a touch screen and operation buttons. Parameters are set through the touch screen. The PLC detects safety conditions. When the start-up criteria are met, the spray gun switch is pressed. The PLC starts the compressor (61), water pump (11) and abrasive supply system (4) in sequence, and opens the high-pressure water solenoid valve (22) to perform three-phase jet cleaning of the workpiece surface.

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