Preparation method of anti-agglomeration fluxing agent for photovoltaic backboard

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an anti-agglomeration fluxing agent for a photovoltaic backboard, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic materials.The anti-agglomeration fluxing agent is prepared from, by weight, 40-65 parts of a main material, 20-35 parts of a fluxing agent, 5-15 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-12 parts of a modifying agent and 3-8 parts of a functional additive, and the main material is formed by mixing aluminum oxide, zinc oxide and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide to zinc oxide to cerium oxide is (4-6): (1-3): 1; the anti-agglomeration fluxing agent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that particle agglomeration is obviously inhibited, and the dispersion uniformity is improved; grains are refined, and a high-heat-conduction functional additive is combined, so that the heat stability is enhanced; the components of the fluxing agent form a low-temperature co-melting system, so that the weather resistance is synergistically improved; the technology is good in compatibility, adapts to large-scale production, is seamlessly connected with an existing packaging technology, and comprehensively improves the comprehensive performance of the photovoltaic backboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic materials technology, and specifically to a method for preparing an anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets. Background Technology

[0002] As a key encapsulation material for solar cell modules, photovoltaic backsheets play a crucial role in isolating the cells from the external environment, protecting the solar cells, and extending the module's lifespan. Fluxes are indispensable in the preparation of photovoltaic backsheets; their main functions are to lower the glass transition temperature, promote the uniform fusion of components, and ensure the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. However, traditional fluxes commonly face particle agglomeration problems during use, leading to decreased uniformity of the molten system and consequently affecting the backsheet's weather resistance, thermal stability, and electrical performance.

[0003] As the photovoltaic industry develops towards higher power and longer lifespan, higher requirements are placed on the comprehensive performance of backsheet materials. Traditional fluxes are mostly based on single metal oxides or simple compound systems, which have high surface energy and are prone to agglomeration during preparation and use due to van der Waals forces or electrostatic interactions, forming uneven particle clusters. Agglomeration not only reduces the flux's melting efficiency but also creates defects in the backsheet coating, affecting its ability to block external factors such as moisture and ultraviolet radiation. In addition, traditional fluxes lack thermal stability and are prone to decomposition or crystal transformation at high temperatures, leading to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the backsheet. Over long-term use, heat accumulation may affect module efficiency. In terms of weather resistance, single flux systems are difficult to form synergistic effects with other functional additives. Under harsh environments such as humid heat and ultraviolet aging, the backsheet coating is prone to cracking and peeling, severely limiting the lifespan of photovoltaic modules.

[0004] While existing technologies attempt to improve flux dispersibility by adding dispersants or surface modifiers, single modification methods are insufficient to simultaneously enhance anti-agglomeration, thermal stability, and weather resistance. Furthermore, traditional preparation processes lack precise control over grain size and surface morphology, resulting in inadequate interfacial compatibility between the flux and the backsheet substrate, thus affecting overall performance. Therefore, this invention proposes a method for preparing an anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets to address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a method for preparing an anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets. This method not only solves the problem of particle agglomeration but also improves the flux's melting efficiency and compatibility with the backsheet material through the synergistic effect between components.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing an anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets, wherein the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Main ingredient 40-65 parts, flux 20-35 parts, dispersant 5-15 parts, modifier 5-12 parts, functional additive 3-8 parts; The main material is composed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is (4~6):(1~3):1. The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux includes the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 10-30 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 400-600 rpm for 8-15 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 600-800℃ at 5℃ / min, held for 3-5 hours, and then rapidly cooled to -40℃ to -50℃ by liquid nitrogen. S4 Surface Modification Treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 10-20% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir and react at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with 0.5-2% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 40-60 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Main ingredient 45-60 parts, flux 25-30 parts, dispersant 7-12 parts, modifier 8-10 parts, functional additives 4-7 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The main ingredient consists of 55 parts, flux 27 parts, dispersant 10 parts, modifier 9 parts, and functional additive 6 parts.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the main materials, alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide, is 5:2:1.

[0010] Preferably, the flux is composed of at least one of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate.

[0011] Preferably, the dispersant is composed of at least two of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes.

[0012] Preferably, the modifier is silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201.

[0013] Preferably, the functional additive is nano-silica or boron nitride.

[0014] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen quenching rate in step S3 is 50-100℃ / min.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the optimization of the main material ratio, the synergistic modification of the dual coupling agent and the liquid nitrogen rapid cooling treatment, particle agglomeration is significantly suppressed and dispersion uniformity is improved; the grains are refined and combined with high thermal conductivity additives to enhance thermal stability; the flux components form a low-temperature eutectic system to synergistically improve weather resistance; the process has good compatibility, is suitable for large-scale production, and can be seamlessly connected with existing packaging processes, thus comprehensively improving the overall performance of photovoltaic backsheets. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1: The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets in Example 1 is as follows: the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts main ingredient, 27 parts flux, 10 parts dispersant, 9 parts modifier, and 6 parts functional additive; The main material is composed of a mixture of alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is 5:2:1. The flux is composed of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate mixed in a mass ratio of 15:8:4. The dispersant is composed of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. The modifier is composed of silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; The functional additive is composed of nano-silica and boron nitride mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; Anti-agglomeration fluxes include the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 8% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 500 rpm for 12 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 750℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours. Then, it is rapidly cooled to -45℃ by liquid nitrogen at a rate of 75℃ / min. S4 Surface modification treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 15% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir at 90°C for 3 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with a 1.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 50 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0018] Example 2: The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets in Example 2 is as follows: the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts main ingredient, 25 parts flux, 8 parts dispersant, 8 parts modifier, and 5 parts functional additive; The main material is composed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is 4:3:1. The flux is composed of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate mixed in a mass ratio of 12:9:4. The dispersant is composed of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 4:2:2. The modifier is composed of silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3; The functional additive is composed of nano-silica and boron nitride mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2; Anti-agglomeration fluxes include the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 8% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 500 rpm for 12 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 750℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours. Then, it is rapidly cooled to -45℃ by liquid nitrogen at a rate of 75℃ / min. S4 Surface modification treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 15% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir at 90°C for 3 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with a 1.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 50 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0019] Example 3: The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets in Example 3 is as follows: the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts main ingredient, 30 parts flux, 12 parts dispersant, 10 parts modifier, and 7 parts functional additive; The main material is composed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is 6:2:1. The flux is composed of boric acid, lithium carbonate and zirconium phosphate in a mass ratio of 18:7:5. The dispersant is composed of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 6:4:2. The modifier is composed of silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 mixed in a mass ratio of 7:3; The functional additive is composed of nano-silica and boron nitride mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2; Anti-agglomeration fluxes include the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 8% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 500 rpm for 12 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 750℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours. Then, it is rapidly cooled to -45℃ by liquid nitrogen at a rate of 75℃ / min. S4 Surface modification treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 15% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir at 90°C for 3 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with a 1.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 50 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0020] Example 4: The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets in Example 4 is as follows: the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts main ingredient, 27 parts flux, 7 parts dispersant, 7 parts modifier, and 4 parts functional additive; The main material is composed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is 5:1:1. The flux is composed of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate mixed in a mass ratio of 14:8:5. The dispersant is composed of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 3:2:2. The modifier is composed of silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3; The functional additive is composed of nano-silica and boron nitride mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1; Anti-agglomeration fluxes include the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 8% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 500 rpm for 12 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 750℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours. Then, it is rapidly cooled to -45℃ by liquid nitrogen at a rate of 75℃ / min. S4 Surface modification treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 15% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir at 90°C for 3 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with a 1.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 50 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0021] Example 5: The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets in Example 5 is as follows: the anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts main ingredient, 29 parts flux, 11 parts dispersant, 9 parts modifier, and 6 parts functional additive; The main material is composed of a mixture of alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is 5:3:1. The flux is composed of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate mixed in a mass ratio of 16:8:5. The dispersant is composed of polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 6:3:2. The modifier is composed of silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; The functional additive is composed of nano-silica and boron nitride mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; Anti-agglomeration fluxes include the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 8% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 500 rpm for 12 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 750℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours. Then, it is rapidly cooled to -45℃ by liquid nitrogen at a rate of 75℃ / min. S4 Surface modification treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 15% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir at 90°C for 3 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with a 1.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 50 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

[0022] Comparative Example 1: In the preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 1, the raw materials are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the main raw materials (alumina, zinc oxide, cerium oxide) is different. Specifically, the main ingredients of Comparative Example 1 are composed of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide mixed in a mass ratio of 7:1:1.

[0023] Comparative Example 2: In the preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 2, the raw materials are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the main raw materials (alumina, zinc oxide, cerium oxide) is different. Specifically, the main ingredients of Comparative Example 2 are composed of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide and cerium oxide mixed in a mass ratio of 3:3:1.

[0024] Comparative Example 3: In the preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 3, the raw materials are the same as those in Example 1, except that the main raw materials are different. Specifically, the main raw materials of Comparative Example 3 are composed of alumina and zinc oxide mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2.

[0025] Comparative Example 4: In the preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 4, the raw materials are the same as those in Example 1, and the only difference is in the preparation method. Specifically, in the preparation method S1 of Comparative Example 4, no acid washing pretreatment is performed.

[0026] Comparative Example 5: The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 5 uses the same raw materials as in Example 1, but differs only in the preparation method. Specifically, the heat treatment temperature in preparation method S3 of Comparative Example 5 is 500°C.

[0027] Comparative Example 6: In the preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 6, the raw materials are the same as those in Example 1, and the only difference is in the preparation method. Specifically, in the preparation method S4 of Comparative Example 6, only KH-570 is used for surface modification.

[0028] Comparative Example 7: The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 7 differs from that in Example 1 in terms of raw materials. Specifically, the flux in Comparative Example 7 is boric acid.

[0029] Comparative Example 8: The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Comparative Example 8 differs from that in Example 1 in terms of raw materials. Specifically, the dispersant in Comparative Example 8 is only polyethylene glycol.

[0030] Blank example 1: The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Blank Example 1 differs from that in Example 1 in terms of raw materials. Specifically, the raw materials in Blank Example 1 are 55 parts of main material, 27 parts of flux, 10 parts of dispersant, and 6 parts of functional additive.

[0031] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0032] Blank example 2: The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux in Blank Example 2 differs from that in Example 1. Specifically, no heat treatment and liquid nitrogen quenching were performed in Blank Example 2.

[0033] Performance testing of anti-agglomeration flux 1. Particle size D50 (μm) detection According to GB / T19077-2016, the anti-agglomeration flux samples prepared in the examples, comparative examples, and blank examples were dispersed in a medium and ultrasonically treated to prevent agglomeration. After preheating and calibration of the laser particle size analyzer, the sample solution was poured into the sample cell for measurement. The instrument automatically calculated the particle size distribution and D50 value. The components were cleaned after measurement.

[0034] 2. Anti-agglomeration rate (%) test The anti-agglomeration flux samples prepared in the examples, comparative examples, and blank examples were mixed with a dispersion medium and ultrasonically dispersed. The suspension was placed in a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. The aggregates and supernatant were observed after centrifugation, and the anti-agglomeration rate could be calculated by microscopic analysis.

[0035] 3. Melting temperature (°C) detection Take a few milligrams of the anti-agglomeration flux sample prepared in the examples, comparative examples and blank examples, place it in the DSC sample pan, compact it, put it in the instrument heating furnace, set the heating rate to 10℃ / min, measure the temperature of the instrument and plot the DSC curve, and the peak value of the endothermic peak corresponds to the melting temperature.

[0036] 4. Viscosity (mPa·s) testing Samples of the anti-agglomeration fluxes prepared in the examples, comparative examples, and blank examples were poured into containers and kept at a temperature of 25°C. An appropriate rotor and rotation speed were selected, the rotor was immersed in the sample, and the viscosity value was read after the instrument stabilized and rotated. The rotor and container were then cleaned after measurement.

[0037] 5. Volume resistivity (Ω·cm) measurement Samples of the anti-agglomeration fluxes prepared in the examples, comparative examples, and blank examples were made into a specified shape and their surfaces were cleaned. They were placed between the electrodes of a high-resistivity meter, and a suitable range was selected. A DC voltage of 500V or 1000V was applied, and the resistance value was measured. The volume resistivity was calculated based on the dimensions.

[0038] 6. Weather resistance retention rate (%) test The anti-agglomeration flux samples prepared in the examples, comparative examples, and blank examples were cleaned, numbered, and their initial properties were measured. They were placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 85°C and 85%RH for 1000 hours, during which time their appearance was observed. After the test, their properties were measured, and the weather resistance retention rate was calculated.

[0039] The data obtained from the above performance tests were recorded and statistically analyzed into tables, as shown in Table 1-3.

[0040] Table 1: Performance data of the anti-agglomeration fluxes prepared in Examples 1-5;

[0041] Table 2: Performance data of anti-agglomeration fluxes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-8;

[0042] Table 3: Performance data of anti-agglomeration fluxes prepared in blank examples 1-2;

[0043] Based on the above Tables 1-3, we can conclude that: (1) Example 1 (containing cerium oxide) had an anti-agglomeration rate of 99.3%, while Comparative Example 3 (without cerium oxide) had only 85.4%, and the weather resistance retention rate decreased by 11.2%, indicating that the oxygen vacancy effect of cerium oxide is the key to inhibiting agglomeration; (2) The melting temperature of Example 1 was 585℃, and the weather resistance retention rate of Comparative Example 7 (single boric acid) was only 75.4%, while that of Example 1 reached 99.5%. Boric acid and zirconium phosphate formed a low-temperature eutectic system. The regulation of melt flow by lithium carbonate proved the effect of the composite flux on improving interface stability.

[0044] (3) Example 1 showed an anti-agglomeration rate of 99.3%, while Comparative Example 6 (KH-570 only) showed 92.3%, and Blank Example 1 (no modifier) ​​showed only 65.0%. This verifies that the silane coupling agent KH-570 and the titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 synergistically coat the particle surface and reduce the surface energy.

[0045] (4) The particle size D50 of Example 1 is only 0.7 μm, while that of Comparative Example 5 (without liquid nitrogen quenching) is 1.2 μm, and that of Blank Example 2 (without heat treatment and quenching) is 4.1 μm. The quenching process reduces the particle size by more than 80%, and liquid nitrogen quenching inhibits grain growth and reduces grain boundary agglomeration.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets, characterized in that, The anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Main ingredient 40-65 parts, flux 20-35 parts, dispersant 5-15 parts, modifier 5-12 parts, functional additive 3-8 parts; The main material is composed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide; the mass ratio of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide is (4~6):(1~3):

1. The preparation method of the anti-agglomeration flux includes the following preparation steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, clean the main material with 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid by ultrasonic cleaning for 10-30 minutes, and dry it for later use; S2 Mixed Ball Milling: Add the main material, flux, dispersant and functional additives to the ball mill jar, and ball mill with zirconia balls at 400-600 rpm for 8-15 hours until D50≤3μm; S3 heat treatment: Under nitrogen protection, the temperature is increased to 600-800℃ at 5℃ / min, held for 3-5 hours, and then rapidly cooled to -40℃ to -50℃ by liquid nitrogen. S4 Surface Modification Treatment: Dissolve the modifier in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 10-20% solution, then add the product from step S3, stir and react at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours, filter and dry to obtain modified powder. S5 secondary dispersion treatment: Mix the modified powder with 0.5-2% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sonicate for 40-60 min, and spray dry to obtain the anti-agglomeration flux.

2. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Main ingredient 45-60 parts, flux 25-30 parts, dispersant 7-12 parts, modifier 8-10 parts, functional additives 4-7 parts.

3. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The anti-agglomeration flux is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The main ingredient consists of 55 parts, flux 27 parts, dispersant 10 parts, modifier 9 parts, and functional additive 6 parts.

4. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the main materials, alumina, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide, is 5:2:

1.

5. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flux is composed of at least one of boric acid, lithium carbonate, and zirconium phosphate.

6. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant is composed of at least two of the following: polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and carbon nanotubes.

7. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modifiers are silane coupling agent KH-570 and titanate coupling agent NDZ-201.

8. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional additives are nano-silica and boron nitride.

9. The method for preparing the anti-agglomeration flux for photovoltaic backsheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the liquid nitrogen quenching rate is 50-100℃ / min.

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