Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of natural medicine extraction. The invention relates to a schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide, the relative molecular mass is 278.153 * 10 < 3 > Da, and the schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide is prepared from fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid according to the molar ratio of 0.32: 8.05: 11.06: 7.11: 5.06: 3.59: 0.83: 62.58: 1.39. The schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPII-1 provided by the invention is a new homogeneous polysaccharide compound found for the first time, has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect, provides a basis for developing health-care foods or medicines beneficial to inflammatory bowel diseases, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a homogeneous polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of natural drug extraction technology. Background Technology

[0002] Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent mucosal inflammation originating in the rectum and extending proximally. Clinical manifestations include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding; severe cases can progress to colonic perforation or significantly increase the risk of colorectal cancer. With the rising global incidence of ulcerative colitis and its associated cancer burden, it has become a significant global public health issue. Current treatment goals focus on inducing and maintaining remission, preventing complications, and improving patients' quality of life. However, while conventional therapies such as corticosteroids and immunomodulators are effective in reducing mucosal inflammation in more severe cases, long-term use of these therapies is often accompanied by adverse reactions and drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop safer and more effective treatment strategies, especially those based on natural products.

[0003] Schisandra chinensis is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has shown potential pharmacological effects in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, hypoglycemia, and enhancing the body's immunity. Polysaccharides are one of the most abundant functional active components in Schisandra chinensis. Studies have shown that crude polysaccharides of Schisandra chinensis can alleviate experimental colitis by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant defense. In addition, crude polysaccharides of Schisandra chinensis also have an inhibitory effect on neuroinflammation.

[0004] However, research on Schisandra chinensis polysaccharides has mainly focused on crude polysaccharides, and our understanding of their structure is still incomplete. Identifying the fine structure of polysaccharides is a crucial foundation for the research and development of functional health foods and pharmaceuticals made from Schisandra chinensis polysaccharides. Therefore, this invention aims to provide a novel homogeneous Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and its applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide, its preparation method, and its application. Specifically, it provides the chemical structure analysis of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1, its preparation method, and its application in the preparation of drugs or health foods for the treatment and / or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease.

[0006] A homogeneous polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis with a relative molecular mass of 278.153 × 10⁻⁶. 3 Da is composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 0.32 : 8.05 : 11.06 : 7.11 : 5.06 : 3.59 : 0.83 : 62.58 : 1.39.

[0007] Preferably, the structural formula of the homogeneous polysaccharide of Schisandra chinensis is as follows: .

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide, comprising the following steps: a. The Schisandra chinensis fruit was crushed, sieved, defatted with petroleum ether, extracted with hot water, and the protein was removed with trichloroacetic acid. After adding 80% ethanol solution, it was allowed to stand overnight, centrifuged, the precipitate was collected, and freeze-dried to obtain the crude polysaccharide of Schisandra chinensis. b. The crude polysaccharide of Schisandra chinensis was redissolved in water and separated by a weak anion exchange column. The eluent was successively eluted with ultrapure water, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mol / L NaCl. The eluents of each component were collected, and the eluents were combined according to the absorbance value at 490 nm. The eluents were then lyophilized to obtain the polysaccharide component SCPⅡ. c. The polysaccharide component SCPII was redissolved in water, purified by gel column chromatography, eluted with 0.1 mol / L NaCl, the eluent was collected, dialyzed, and lyophilized to obtain the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPII-1.

[0009] In the above technical solution, in step a, the Schisandra chinensis fruit is crushed and sieved, defatted with petroleum ether, centrifuged, and the precipitate is collected; the Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide is extracted by hot water extraction, centrifuged, and the supernatant is collected; the protein is removed by trichloroacetic acid, centrifuged, and the supernatant is collected; 80% ethanol solution is added to precipitate the polysaccharide, allowed to stand, centrifuged, the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried to obtain crude Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide.

[0010] Further, the Schisandra chinensis fruit was crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then soaked in petroleum ether at a boiling point of 60-90°C for 72 hours to remove fat.

[0011] Furthermore, the hot water extraction method involves extracting the substance in hot water at 70-80℃ for 2.5 hours, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1 mL : 50 g.

[0012] In the above technical solution, in step b, the weak anion exchange column is a DEAE sepharose Fast Flow ion exchange column with a specification of φ 40 mm × 700 mm.

[0013] In the above technical solution, in step c, the gel column is a dextran gel G-100 column with a specification of φ 25mm × 500 mm.

[0014] In the above technical solution, step c involves using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 3500 Da for dialysis.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide or the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide prepared by the above preparation method in the preparation of drugs or health foods for treating and / or preventing inflammatory bowel disease.

[0016] Furthermore, the inflammatory bowel disease is ulcerative colitis (UC).

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 provided by this invention is a newly discovered homogeneous polysaccharide compound, composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid, with a molecular weight of 278.153 × 10⁻⁶. 3 According to tests, SCPⅡ-1 has significant anti-inflammatory effects, providing a basis for the development of health foods or drugs beneficial to inflammatory bowel disease, and has good application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the elution curve of anion exchange column chromatography in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 2 The image shows the elution curve of dextran purified by gel column chromatography in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 3 The molecular weight diagram of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1 is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a monosaccharide composition spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 5 The photon NMR spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1 is shown below.

[0023] Figure 6 The image shows the carbon NMR spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 7 The image shows the HSQC spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 8 The COSY spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1 is shown.

[0026] Figure 9 The image shows the HMBC spectrum of the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 10 The NOESY spectrum of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1 is shown.

[0028] Figure 11 The graph shows the disease activity score of mice with colitis that were treated with the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 12 The image shows the pathological damage and scoring results of mice with colitis treated with the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following non-limiting embodiments are intended to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, but do not limit the invention in any way.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods; the reagents and materials described are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0032] Example 1 The preparation method of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 includes the following steps: a. Take Schisandra chinensis fruit, wash the surface, dry, crush, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, add petroleum ether with a boiling range of 70~80℃ for cold soaking for 72 h to defatt it, add distilled water, liquid-to-solid ratio of 1 mL : 50 g, heat to 75℃, extract for 2.5 hours, centrifuge, concentrate the supernatant, remove protein with trichloroacetic acid, centrifuge, collect the supernatant; add 80% ethanol, let stand overnight, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, freeze dry to obtain Schisandra chinensis crude polysaccharide.

[0033] b. Ion exchange chromatography purification: The crude polysaccharide obtained in step a was prepared into a 10 mg / mL solution, centrifuged, and the supernatant was collected. After filtration through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, the solution was separated using a DEAE sepharose Fast Flow weak anion exchange column. Elution was performed sequentially with ultrapure water, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mol / L NaCl. The eluents of each fraction were collected, and the absorbance was monitored using the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The absorbance at 490 nm was measured using a UV spectrophotometer, and the elution curve was plotted. The eluents were combined according to the absorbance values, lyophilized, and the preliminarily purified polysaccharide fraction SCPII was obtained. Figure 1 ).

[0034] c. Dextran gel column chromatography purification: The polysaccharide component SCPII obtained in step b was prepared into a 5 mg / mL solution, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, and slowly added to a dextran gel G-100 chromatography column. Elution was performed with 0.1 mol / L NaCl, collecting 5 mL tubes at a time. The absorbance of each tube was monitored using the phenol-sulfuric acid method at 490 nm, and an elution curve was plotted. The eluents were then combined based on absorbance. Figure 2 ).

[0035] d. Dialysis: The eluent obtained in step c was dialyzed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 3500 Da. After freeze-drying, Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 was obtained.

[0036] Structural characterization of the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 prepared in Example 1: 1. Molecular weight determination The relative molecular mass of SCPⅡ-1 was determined using size exclusion chromatography combined with multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index detection. The sample was dissolved in a 0.1 M NaNO3 aqueous solution containing 0.02% NaN3 at a concentration of 1 mg / mL, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter, and measured using a DAWN HELEOS-II (Wyatt Technology Co., USA) spectrophotometer equipped with two tandem Shodex OH-pak SB-805 and SB-803 columns (300 × 8 mm; Showa Denko, Japan). The mobile phase was delivered at a flow rate of 0.6 mL / min. A differential refractive index detector (OptilabT-rEX, Wyatt Technology) was connected in series to determine the sample concentration and refractive index increment (dn / dc). The molecular weight (Mw) was calculated using ASTRA 6.1 software (Wyatt Technology). Results are shown in [Figure number missing]. Figure 3 The molecular weight of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 is 278.153 × 10⁻⁶. 3 Da ( Figure 3 ).

[0037] 2. Monosaccharide composition analysis The monosaccharide composition of Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 was analyzed by ion chromatography: approximately 5 mg of sample was placed in a sealed tube and hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid (2 M) at 121 °C for 2 h. The sample was then filtered through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane for analysis. A high-performance anion exchange column (CarboPac PA-20, 3 × 150 mm; Dionex) and a pulsed amperometric detector (Dionex ICS 5000+ system) were used for detection. Monosaccharide standards (fucose (Fuc), rhamnose (Rha), arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl), mannose (Man), fructose (Fru), ribose (Rib), galacturonic acid (Gal-UA), guluronic acid (Gul-UA), glucuronic acid (Glc-UA), mannulic acid (Man-UA)) were used as samples for analysis. Data were acquired on an ICS5000+ (Thermo Scientific) and processed using Chromeleon 7.2 CDS (Thermo Scientific). Results are shown below. Figure 4 It can be seen that the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 is composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid, with a molar ratio of 0.32:8.05:11.06:7.11:5.06:3.59:0.83:62.58:1.39. Figure 4 ).

[0038] 3. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis SCPII-1 was completely dissolved in 1 mL of D₂O and used for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis. Recordings were performed on a Bruker 600 mHz NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Switzerland). 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, 1 H- 1 H COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBCNMR spectra, results are shown in Figures 5-10 .

[0039] Figures 5-6 for 1 H and 13 The C NMR spectra show that the signals at 4.97 / 98.6 ppm and 5.03 / 100.5 ppm are attributed to the anomeric carbons and protons of the unesterified and esterified 1,4-α-D-GalpA (A\M) residues, respectively. Furthermore, through analysis of... 1 H and 13Analysis of CNMR spectral signals, δ 5.07 / 98.2, δ 5.39 / 100.9, δ 5.20 / 97.7, δ 5.14 / 97.7, δ 5.31 / 100.3, δ 5.20 / 99.3, δ 4.90 / 107.2, δ 4.9 / 108.7, δ 4.52 / 103.4, δ 4.71 / 104.4, and δ 4.74 / 101.1 were attributed to 1,4-α-D-Galp (B), 1,4-α-D-Glcp (C), α-D-GalpA (D), 1,2-α-L-Rhap (E), and 1,3,4-α-D-GalpA, respectively. (F), 1,2,4-α-L-Rhap (G), α-L-Araf Antecedent carbons and protons of residues (H), 1,5-α-L-Araf (I), β-D-Xylp (J), 1,3,6-β-D-Galp (K), and 1,4-β-D-Manp (L). Figure 7 The HSQC spectrum further confirmed the hydrogen-carbon correspondence, with strong cross-peaks at δ 4.97 / 98.6, 3.83 / 70.2, and 3.99 / 71.3 for residue A, which are attributed to H1 / C1, H2 / C2, and H3 / C3, respectively. A similar signal was observed for residue BM. Figure 8 The COSY spectrum reveals stepwise coupling signals between residues H1 to H6, with signals appearing at δ 4.97 / 3.83, 3.83 / 3.99, and 3.99 / 4.36, belonging to H1 / H2, H2 / H3, and H3 / H4 of residue A. All cross-peaks corresponding to H1-H6 of residue BM also have similar attributions.

[0040] Figures 9-10By analyzing the HMBC and NOESY spectra, combined with key long-range coupling peaks and spatial correlation signals, the connection mode between the main chain and branch chains was analyzed one by one, clarifying the presence of various typical glycosidic bonds in SCPⅡ-1. The signals at 4.97 / 78.2 ppm in HMBC and 4.97 / 4.36 ppm in NOESY confirm the linkage of residue A1 to A4, indicating the presence of a linkage of →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→). The signals at 4.97 / 79.8 ppm in HMBC and 4.97 / 4.07 ppm in NOESY confirm the linkage of residue A1 to E2. The signal at 4.97 / 82.4 ppm in HMBC confirms the linkage of residue A1 to F4. The signals at 4.97 / 77.1 ppm in HMBC and 4.97 / 4.05 ppm in NOESY confirm the linkage of residue A1 to G2. The signals at 4.36 / 97.7 ppm in HMBC and 4.36 / 5.14 ppm in NOESY confirm the linkage of residue A4 to E1. The signal at 4.36 / 5.20 ppm in NOESY... The ppm signals confirmed the linkage of residue A4 with D1 / G1. In HMBC, signals of 5.07 / 82.4 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue B1 with K3. In NOESY, signals of 5.07 / 4.07, 5.07 / 4.16, and 5.07 / 4.45 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue A4 with G4 / B4 / F3. In HMBC, signals of 5.39 / 81.2 ppm and in NOESY, signals of 5.39 / 4.07 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue C1 with G4. In NOESY, signals of 5.39 / 3.64 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue C1 with C4. In HMBC, signals of 3.64 / 103.4 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue C4 with J1. In HMBC, signals of 5.20 / 78.2 ppm and in NOESY, signals of 5.20 / 4.36 ppm... The ppm signal confirmed the linkage of residue D1 to A4. Signals of 4.07 / 108.7 ppm and 4.07 / 98.2 ppm in HMBC confirmed the linkage of residue G4 to I1 / B1. A signal of 4.90 / 3.79 ppm in NOESY confirmed the linkage of residue H1 to I5. Signals of 4.90 / 67.2 ppm in HMBC and 4.90 / 3.66 ppm in NOESY confirmed the linkage of residue I1 to I5. A signal of 4.90 / 78.4 ppm in HMBC confirmed the linkage of residue I1 to F3. A signal of 4.90 / 4.07 ppm in NOESY confirmed the linkage of residue I1 to G4. Signals of 4.52 / 80.2 ppm in HMBC and 4.52 / 4.16 ppm in NOESY confirmed the linkage of residue J1 to B4. A signal of 4.52 / 3.83 ppm in NOESY confirmed the linkage of residue J1-L4.In NOESY, signals of 4.71 / 4.16 ppm and 3.89 / 5.07 ppm confirmed the linkage of residues K1 and B4, and K3 and B1, respectively. In HMBC, a signal of 4.07 / 98.2 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue K6-B1. In HMBC, a signal of 4.74 / 80.2 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue L1 and B4. In HMBC, a signal of 3.83 / 103.4 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue L4 and J1. In HMBC, a signal of 4.97 / 80.2 ppm and in NOESY, a signal of 5.03 / 4.36 ppm confirmed the linkage of residue A4 and M1.

[0041] In summary, the main glycosidic bond structure of this polysaccharide is inferred to consist primarily of repeating →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→) units, linked by →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→3,4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→) bonds. Furthermore, the side chains consist of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→,→4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, and →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→) residues, as shown in the following structure:

[0042] Example 2 Application of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 obtained in Example 1 in ulcerative colitis: 1. Laboratory animals and models Healthy male C57BL / 6J mice (7-8 weeks old) were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. All animals were housed in the Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) environment (temperature: 23-25℃; relative humidity: 55±10%) at the Experimental Animal Center of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (SYXK [Liao]2021-0009), with free access to food and water. All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. After one week of acclimatization, an ulcerative colitis model was induced by administering 2.5% sodium dextran sulfate (DSS, relative molecular mass: 36000-50000 Da) to drinking water for 10 consecutive days.

[0043] 2. Animal grouping and administration To evaluate the therapeutic effect of SCPII-1 on DSS-induced UC, mice were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 6): control group, DSS group, DSS + SCPII-1 (100 mg / kg), DSS + SCPII-1 (200 mg / kg), and DSS + 5-ASA (200 mg / kg, Meilun Biotechnology). During DSS administration, each treatment group received SCPII-1 or 5-ASA daily by gavage, while the DSS group received an equal volume of saline.

[0044] 3. Disease Activity Index (DAI) The DAI assesses the severity of colitis based on three clinical indicators: weight loss, stool consistency, and fecal occult blood. The weight loss scoring criteria are as follows: <2% (0 points), 2-5% (1 point), 5-10% (2 points), 10-15% (3 points), and ≥15% (4 points). The stool consistency scoring criteria are: normal (0 points); soft stool (1 point); mucous stool (2 points); liquid stool (3 points). Fecal occult blood testing is performed using the o-toluidine method (BC8270, Solarbio), strictly following the manufacturer's operating procedures. The fecal blood scoring criteria are: no color change within 2 minutes (0 points); light green to green (1 point); light green to bluish-brown (2 points); bluish-brown immediately turning blackish-brown (3 points); immediately turning blackish-brown (4 points). The DAI score is calculated by adding these three individual scores together. Results are shown below. Figure 11 It can be seen that Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 can reduce the DAI score and improve hematochezia and diarrhea severity in UC mice. Figure 11 ).

[0045] 4. Histopathological evaluation After euthanasia, colonic tissue was immediately collected from each group of mice and fixed in neutral formalin solution (G1101, Servicebio) for 48 hours. After dehydration, the samples were paraffin-embedded and sectioned into 4 μm sections. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed using an automated staining system (ST5010, Leica Autostainer XL), and images were captured using an optical microscope (BX43, Olympus). The severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) was assessed using two histopathological parameters: Inflammation score: No significant expansion of the lamina propria (0 points); Mild expansion (1 point); Moderate expansion with increased inflammatory cell infiltration (2 points); Significant expansion with extensive nuclear infiltration (3 points). Recess injury score: Recesses extending intact to the muscularis mucosae (0 points); Loss of the basal 1 / 3 of the crypt (1 point); Loss of 2 / 3 of the basal crypt with focal epithelial thinning (2 points); Complete loss of the crypt with preserved surface epithelium (3 points); Complete loss of the crypt with surface erosion (4 points). A composite histological score was calculated based on the above criteria to reflect the degree of colonic injury and inflammation. The results are shown in [Figure number missing]. Figure 12 It can be seen that Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPⅡ-1 can improve colonic pathological damage in UC mice and reduce pathological scores. Figure 12 ).

Claims

1. A homogeneous polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis, characterized in that: The relative molecular mass of the homogeneous polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis is 278.153 × 10⁻⁶. 3 Da is composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 0.32 : 8.05 : 11.06 : 7.11 : 5.06 : 3.59 : 0.83 : 62.58 : 1.

39.

2. The Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural formula is as follows: 。 3. The method for preparing the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: a. The Schisandra chinensis fruit was crushed, sieved, defatted with petroleum ether, extracted with hot water, and the protein was removed with trichloroacetic acid. After adding 80% ethanol solution, it was allowed to stand overnight, centrifuged, the precipitate was collected, and freeze-dried to obtain the crude polysaccharide of Schisandra chinensis. b. The crude polysaccharide of Schisandra chinensis was redissolved in water and separated by a weak anion exchange column. The eluent was successively eluted with ultrapure water, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mol / L NaCl. The eluents of each component were collected, and the eluents were combined according to the absorbance value at 490 nm. The eluents were then lyophilized to obtain the polysaccharide component SCPⅡ. c. The polysaccharide component SCPII was redissolved in water, purified by gel column chromatography, eluted with 0.1 mol / L NaCl, the eluent was collected, dialyzed, and lyophilized to obtain the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide SCPII-1.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step a, the Schisandra chinensis fruit is crushed and sieved, defatted with petroleum ether, centrifuged, and the precipitate is collected; the Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide is extracted by hot water extraction, centrifuged, and the supernatant is collected; the protein is removed by trichloroacetic acid, centrifuged, and the supernatant is collected; 80% ethanol solution is added to precipitate the polysaccharide, allowed to stand, centrifuged, the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried to obtain crude Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Schisandra chinensis fruit was crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then soaked in petroleum ether at a boiling point of 60-90℃ for 72 hours to remove fat.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hot water extraction method involves extracting the substance in hot water at 70-80℃ for 2.5 hours, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1 mL : 50 g.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step b, the weak anion exchange column is a DEAEsepharose Fast Flow ion exchange column with a specification of φ 40 mm × 700 mm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step c, the gel column is a dextran gel G-100 column with a specification of φ 25 mm × 500 mm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step c, dialysis is performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 3500 Da.

10. The use of the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide according to claim 1 or 2 or the Schisandra chinensis homogeneous polysaccharide prepared by the method according to any one of claims 3 to 9 in the preparation of drugs or health foods for the treatment and / or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease.

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