Three-dimensional light-emitting structure, three-dimensional light-emitting grating and automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional light-emitting structure, a three-dimensional light-emitting grating and an automobile. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure comprises a lampshade unit, an inner lens unit and a light source unit. The three-dimensional LED lamp has the advantages that the inner lens unit is matched with the lampshade unit, so that three-dimensional light emitting is achieved, and traditional one-dimensional dot matrix light and two-dimensional line light are not needed any more; the lampshade unit is not provided with traditional pore structures such as local opening holes and parting opening holes, so that the splitting feeling is reduced; when the lamp is turned off, the lampshade unit and the surrounding decorating parts form an integral shape through the PVD plating layer, and the sense of unity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional light-emitting structure, a three-dimensional light-emitting grille, and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automotive design, illuminated exterior grilles, as an innovative element that blends a sense of technology with brand recognition, are gradually becoming a signature feature of new energy vehicles and high-end models. Their core technical architecture is based on a low-power LED array as the light source. Through the refraction and control of optical lenses or the light transmission of light guide structures, uniform light diffusion is achieved, resulting in a soft and continuous luminous effect. Considering that new energy vehicles do not require the airflow guidance function of traditional air intake grilles, illuminated grilles often adopt a closed, integrated design, embedding the light source components and optical structure entirely within the grille frame. They also utilize materials with excellent weather resistance, such as polycarbonate (PC) and acrylic, and are equipped with efficient heat dissipation modules (such as metal heat sinks and heat pipe conduction systems) to ensure long-term stable operation in complex environments such as high temperatures, extreme cold, rain, and snow.

[0003] Furthermore, the intelligent control system of the illuminated grille links with the vehicle status perception module via the vehicle bus, enabling it to drive the lights to present diverse interactive effects based on the vehicle's dynamic behaviors such as unlocking, turning, charging, and acceleration. Examples include a welcoming flowing animation when the vehicle unlocks, dynamic indicator light strips when turning, charging progress indicator light spots, and the illumination of the brand's exclusive logo. This design not only enhances the vehicle's brand recognition and elevates the sense of luxury in its exterior design, but also addresses energy conservation and environmental protection needs thanks to the low energy consumption of LED light sources, making it a prime example of the fusion of function and aesthetics in modern automotive design.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream light-emitting grilles on the market can be divided into two main categories based on their optical design features: "dot matrix" and "line".

[0005] "Dot-matrix" luminous grilles, exemplified by models like the Mercedes-Benz EQS, are designed to create complex luminous patterns through a large number of repeatedly arranged "point light source features." For instance, hundreds of independently controlled micro-LED point light sources are distributed across the grille surface. Each point light source can be individually turned on / off or its brightness adjusted, and the combination of these points forms brand logos, dynamic patterns, or text information. Figure 1As shown, its optical structure typically comprises four core components: the bottom layer is the "LED circuit board," where densely arranged LED chips provide the basic light source; the middle layer is the "diffuse layer," which uses microstructure texture or frosted treatment to scatter the intense light from individual LEDs, ensuring uniform brightness distribution across each dot matrix; the top layer is the "pattern layer," which defines the light-emitting contours of individual dot matrices through partially transparent cutout designs or selective printing of light-shielding inks, achieving imaging functionality; the outermost layer is the "surface clear coat layer," which uses high-hardness UV paint or ceramic coating processes to enhance the overall gloss of the parts and form a wear-resistant and aging-resistant protective layer to resist external scratches and UV corrosion. However, this point-based light-emitting mode has inherent limitations: since there must be physical intervals between point light sources, and the light-emitting range of a single point light source is limited to a small area within a two-dimensional plane, it is a one-dimensional light-emitting characteristic. Therefore, it is difficult to form a continuous, uninterrupted three-dimensional optical effect. When presenting complex shapes such as curved transitions and three-dimensional reliefs, problems such as light breaks or loss of three-dimensionality can easily occur.

[0006] The "linear" illuminated grille, exemplified by models like the BMW 5 Series, emphasizes the styling lines of the vehicle's front end through linear illumination. For example... Figure 2 As shown, its optical principle is to integrate the LED light source at the end of the "transparent light guide". The light is transmitted through total internal reflection in the light guide. When it encounters the "optical teeth" (i.e. tiny sawtooth protrusions or inclined structures) preset on the side of the light guide, the light is refracted and reflected and emitted from the surface of the light guide. After passing through the secondary light homogenization process of the "diffuser", a continuous linear light-emitting band is formed. However, this solution has three significant drawbacks: First, limited by the light transmission efficiency of the light guide, the "linear light source" typically only has 1 to 2 LED heads at both ends of the light guide. After the light undergoes multiple "optical tooth reflections" and scattering by the "diffuser," the energy loss is significant, resulting in a generally low overall brightness, mostly around 200 nits. In strong daylight conditions, it is easily obscured by background light, significantly reducing its visibility. Second, when the daytime lights are off, the exposed "diffuser" (mostly made of milky white or semi-transparent material) differs significantly in color and texture from the surrounding chrome trim and black grille, failing to blend into the overall design and instead creating a visual break, weakening the sense of sophistication of the front design. Third, the light trajectory of the "linear light source" relies entirely on the linear direction of the light guide, only able to display a two-dimensional optical spline shape in a plane, making it difficult to achieve a three-dimensional structure with spatial undulations, let alone present complex curved surface lighting effects, thus limiting the expression of design creativity.

[0007] In summary, existing "dot matrix" and "line" luminous grilles have obvious shortcomings in terms of optical performance and styling integration: either the spacing of the point light sources leads to a lack of three-dimensional effect, or the insufficient brightness and disjointed styling affect the user experience. Moreover, they generally cannot achieve an integrated design without openings or seams, making it difficult to meet the pursuit of continuous three-dimensional luminous effect and overall styling in high-end models.

[0008] Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed for the problems existing in related technologies, such as the presence of partial or slit openings, poor overall shape, and inability to achieve three-dimensional light-emitting effects. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a three-dimensional light-emitting structure, a three-dimensional light-emitting grille, and an automobile, thereby solving problems such as the presence of partial openings or slotted openings, poor overall styling, and inability to achieve a three-dimensional light-emitting effect.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] Firstly, a three-dimensional light-emitting structure is provided, comprising:

[0012] A lampshade unit, comprising an intrusion zone and a diffusion zone arranged sequentially, wherein the brightness of the diffusion zone is not less than the brightness of the intrusion zone;

[0013] An inner lens unit, at least a portion of the front end of the inner lens unit is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit, the inner lens unit includes a light mixing area and a reflection area arranged sequentially, at least a portion of the reflection area overlaps with the intrusion area;

[0014] A light source unit is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface;

[0015] The first light source passes through the inner lens unit and enters the lampshade unit to form a positive optical effect, while the second light source is reflected by the inner lens unit and enters the lampshade unit to form a lateral optical effect.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lampshade unit includes:

[0017] A lampshade element, comprising an intrusion zone and a diffusion zone arranged sequentially, wherein the brightness of the diffusion zone is not less than the brightness of the intrusion zone, and at least a portion of the intrusion zone overlaps with the reflection zone;

[0018] A through-slot element is disposed at the rear end of the lampshade element and located in the intrusion area, and is embedded and connected to at least a portion of the inner lens unit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the lampshade unit further includes:

[0020] A light-transmitting coating element is provided, which covers the surface of the lampshade element.

[0021] In some of these embodiments, the thickness of the light-transmitting coating element is 20–30 μm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting coating element is 10% to 15%.

[0023] In some of these embodiments, the light-transmitting coating element is formed using a vacuum electroplating process.

[0024] In some embodiments, the inner lens unit includes:

[0025] An inner lens element, at least a portion of the front end of the inner lens element is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit, the inner lens element includes a light mixing area and a reflection area arranged sequentially, at least a portion of the reflection area overlaps with the intrusion area;

[0026] An optical pattern element is disposed on the sidewall of the inner lens element and located in the reflection area, for reflecting at least the second light source.

[0027] In some embodiments, the optical pattern element includes:

[0028] A plurality of concave teeth are spaced apart along a first extending direction of the inner lens element, and each concave tooth extends along a second extending direction of the inner lens element, wherein the second extending direction is not parallel to the first extending direction.

[0029] In some of these embodiments, the concave teeth are distributed at equal intervals.

[0030] In some of these embodiments, the concave teeth are distributed at non-equidistant intervals.

[0031] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the concave tooth is any one or a combination of arc-shaped and polygonal shapes.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the concave tooth is a regular polygon.

[0033] In some of these embodiments, the depth of several of the concave teeth is the same.

[0034] In some embodiments, the depths of some of the concave teeth are not the same.

[0035] In some embodiments, the plurality of concave teeth form a plurality of patterned regions, each patterned region including at least one concave tooth, and the depth variation relationship of the plurality of patterned regions changes along a first extension direction, wherein the depth variation relationship is the relationship between the depth variation value of the patterned region and the width of the patterned region.

[0036] In some of these embodiments, at least one of the depth variation relationships differs from the rest of the depth variation relationships.

[0037] In some embodiments, the light source unit includes:

[0038] At least one first light source element is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface.

[0039] In some embodiments, the light source unit includes:

[0040] At least one second light source element is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface;

[0041] At least one third light source element is provided, which is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a second light source that intersects with the light-emitting surface.

[0042] In some of these embodiments, it also includes:

[0043] The housing unit has the inner lens unit and the light source unit disposed inside it and connected to the lampshade unit. At least a portion of the lampshade unit protrudes from the housing unit.

[0044] In some embodiments, the housing unit includes:

[0045] A housing element, wherein the inner lens unit and the light source unit are disposed inside the housing element;

[0046] Mounting element, which is disposed through the housing element, is provided for the lampshade unit to pass through so that at least a portion of the lampshade unit protrudes from the housing element.

[0047] Secondly, a three-dimensional luminous grille is provided, comprising:

[0048] Several three-dimensional light-emitting structures as described in the first aspect.

[0049] Thirdly, a car is provided, comprising:

[0050] The three-dimensional light-emitting structure as described in the first aspect.

[0051] Fourthly, a car is provided, comprising:

[0052] The three-dimensional luminous grille as described in the second aspect.

[0053] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0054] The present invention discloses a three-dimensional light-emitting structure, a three-dimensional light-emitting grille, and an automobile. Through the cooperation of an inner lens unit and a lampshade unit, three-dimensional light emission is achieved, which is no longer the traditional one-dimensional dot matrix light or two-dimensional line light. The lampshade unit does not have traditional pore structures such as "partial opening" or "slit opening", reducing the sense of fragmentation. In the light-off state, the lampshade unit uses a PVD coating to form an integral shape with the surrounding decorative parts, improving the sense of unity. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a "dot matrix" light-emitting grid in existing technology.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a "linear" light-emitting grille in existing technology.

[0057] Figure 3 These are exploded views and assembly diagrams of a three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the lampshade unit and the inner lens unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a lampshade unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an inner lens unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a light source unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a housing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 11 This is an optical simulation diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 12 This is an optical brightness pseudocolor map according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 100, lampshade unit; 110, lampshade element; 111, intrusion area; 112, diffusion area; 120, through-slot element;

[0068] 200. Inner lens unit; 210. Inner lens element; 211. Light mixing area; 212. Reflection area; 220. Optical pattern element; 221. Concave tooth; 222. Pattern area;

[0069] 300, Light source unit; 310, First light source element; 320, Second light source element; 330, Third light source element;

[0070] 400. Housing unit; 410. Housing element; 420. Mounting element. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0073] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0074] Explanation of relevant terms.

[0075] PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition.

[0076] PC: Polycarbonate.

[0077] PMMA: Poly(methyl methacrylate).

[0078] LED: light-emitting diode.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] This embodiment relates to the three-dimensional light-emitting structure of the present invention.

[0081] An illustrative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, a three-dimensional light-emitting structure includes a lampshade unit 100, an inner lens unit 200, and a light source unit 300. The lampshade unit 100 includes an intrusion area 111 and a diffusion area 112 arranged sequentially, the brightness of the diffusion area 112 being not less than the brightness of the intrusion area 111. At least a portion of the front end of the inner lens unit 200 is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit 100. The inner lens unit 200 includes a light mixing area 211 and a reflection area 212 arranged sequentially, at least a portion of the reflection area 212 overlapping the intrusion area 111. The light source unit 300 is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit 200 and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface.

[0082] The first light source passes through the inner lens unit 200 and enters the lampshade unit 100 to form a positive optical effect, while the second light source is reflected by the inner lens unit 200 and enters the lampshade unit 100 to form a lateral optical effect.

[0083] In this invention, the first light source includes a plurality of first rays parallel to the light-emitting surface, and the second light source includes a plurality of second rays intersecting the light-emitting surface.

[0084] Several first rays and several second rays are mixed in the mixing area 211 of the inner lens unit 200. Through light mixing, the dispersion of the light source entering the reflection area 212 is high, thus avoiding poor brightness uniformity of the side wall of the lampshade unit 100.

[0085] Several second rays generate reflected rays in the reflection area 212 of the inner lens unit 200. The reflected rays illuminate the sides of the lampshade unit 100 from both sides of the inner lens unit 200. After the uniform light effect of the lampshade unit 100, a lateral optical effect is formed.

[0086] like Figure 6 As shown, the lampshade unit 100 includes a lampshade element 110 and a through-slot element 120. The lampshade element 110 includes an intrusion area 111 and a diffusion area 112 arranged sequentially. The brightness of the diffusion area 112 is not less than the brightness of the intrusion area 111. The intrusion area 111 overlaps with at least a portion of the reflection area 212. The through-slot element 120 is disposed at the rear end of the lampshade element 110 and is located in the intrusion area 111, and is embedded and connected to at least a portion of the inner lens unit 200.

[0087] Generally, the lampshade element 110 has a front end face, a rear end face, a left end face, a right end face, a top end face, and a bottom end face. The front end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the rear end face is generally flat; the left end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the right end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the top end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; and the bottom end face can be flat, curved, or uneven.

[0088] In addition, each end face of the lampshade element 110 can be a continuous surface or a discontinuous surface (such as a stepped surface).

[0089] There is an angle between the left end face (right end face) and the front end face, which can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0090] There is an included angle between the left end face (right end face) and the rear end face. This included angle can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0091] Generally, the left and right end faces are symmetrical about the front end face.

[0092] In some of these embodiments, the lampshade element 110 is made of PC material and has a diffusion effect.

[0093] In some of these embodiments, the lampshade element 110 includes, but is not limited to, an outer lampshade.

[0094] For the intrusion zone 111, the brightness of the intrusion zone 111 can at least reach the brightness of the sidewall of the diffusion zone 112.

[0095] For the diffusion region 112, the brightness of the front of the diffusion region 112 is basically the same as the brightness of the side of the diffusion region 112.

[0096] The dimensions of the diffusion region 112 match the dimensions of the intrusion region 111. Generally, the width of the diffusion region 112 is not less than the width of the intrusion region 111.

[0097] In some embodiments, the width of the diffusion region 112 is 15 mm to 20 mm. Preferably, the width of the diffusion region 112 is 17 mm.

[0098] The width of the intrusion area 111 is adjusted according to the width of the diffusion area 112. Generally, it is sufficient to satisfy the requirement that the brightness of the front of the diffusion area 112 is basically the same as the brightness of the side of the diffusion area 112, and the brightness of the intrusion area 111 is at least equal to the brightness of the sidewall of the diffusion area 112.

[0099] The through-slot element 120 is formed on the rear end face of the lampshade element 110. Generally, the lampshade element 110 and the through-slot element 120 are manufactured by conventional machining processes, such as integral molding, stamping, cutting, etc.

[0100] The through-slot element 120 is approximately located at the center of the rear end face of the lampshade element 110. Specifically, there is a gap between the left end face (right end face, top end face, and bottom end face) of the through-slot element 120 and the left end face (right end face, top end face, and bottom end face) of the lampshade element 110. That is, the through-slot element 120 is provided only through the rear end face of the lampshade element 110.

[0101] The dimensions of the through-slot element 120 are matched with the dimensions of the intrusion area 111. Generally, the depth of the through-slot element 120 is not greater than the width of the intrusion area 111.

[0102] In some embodiments, the depth of the slot element 120 is 4–8 mm. Preferably, the depth of the slot element 120 is 6 mm.

[0103] In some of these embodiments, the through-slot element 120 includes, but is not limited to, mounting slots, embedding slots, etc.

[0104] Furthermore, the lampshade unit 100 also includes a light-transmitting coating element. The light-transmitting coating element covers the surface of the lampshade element 110.

[0105] In this invention, the light-transmitting coating element is formed using a vacuum electroplating process.

[0106] In some of these embodiments, the thickness of the light-transmitting coating element is 20–30 μm.

[0107] In some of these embodiments, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting coated element is 10% to 15%.

[0108] In this invention, by utilizing a light-transmitting coating element, the lampshade element 110 can transmit light without the need for additional structural features such as "holes" or "slits". Furthermore, in the off state, due to the presence of the light-transmitting coating element, the lampshade element 110 exhibits a metallic decorative effect, enhancing the overall aesthetics and sophistication.

[0109] In some of these embodiments, the light-transmitting coating element includes, but is not limited to, a PVD coating.

[0110] like Figures 7-8As shown, the inner lens unit 200 includes an inner lens element 210 and an optical pattern element 220. At least a portion of the front end of the inner lens element 210 is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit 100. The inner lens element 210 includes a light mixing area 211 and a reflection area 212 arranged sequentially, with at least a portion of the reflection area 212 overlapping with the intrusion area 111. The optical pattern element 220 is disposed on the sidewall of the inner lens element 210 and located in the reflection area 212, for reflecting at least the second light source.

[0111] Specifically, at least a portion of the front end of the inner lens element 210 is embedded in the through slot element 120.

[0112] Generally, the inner lens element 210 has a front end face, a rear end face, a left end face, a right end face, a top end face, and a bottom end face. The front end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the rear end face is generally flat; the left end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the right end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; the top end face can be flat, curved, or uneven; and the bottom end face can be flat, curved, or uneven.

[0113] In addition, each end face of the inner lens element 210 can be a continuous surface or a discontinuous surface (such as a stepped surface).

[0114] There is an angle between the left end face (right end face) and the front end face, which can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0115] There is an included angle between the left end face (right end face) and the rear end face. This included angle can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0116] Generally, the left and right end faces are symmetrical about the front end face.

[0117] Generally, the shape of the inner lens element 210 matches the shape of the lampshade element 110.

[0118] Generally, within the through-slot element 120, there is a certain gap between the inner lens element 210 and the lampshade element 110, meaning that the inner lens element 210 and the lampshade element 110 are not completely in contact. Generally, the gap between the inner lens element 210 and the lampshade element 110 is approximately 0.3 to 1 mm. Preferably, this gap is 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0119] In some of these embodiments, the inner lens element 210 is made of PMMA material.

[0120] In some of these embodiments, the inner lens element 210 includes, but is not limited to, an inner lens.

[0121] The width of the light mixing region 211 is ≥12mm. Preferably, the width of the light mixing region 211 is ≤20mm.

[0122] Generally, the optical pattern element 220 is formed on the inner lens element 210 by conventional machining methods, including but not limited to integral molding, cutting, etc.

[0123] Generally, the optical pattern element 220 is disposed on both sides of the reflection area 212 of the inner lens element 210 (such as the left end face and the right end face).

[0124] In some embodiments, the optical pattern element 220 includes a plurality of recessed teeth 221. The plurality of recessed teeth 221 are spaced apart along a first extending direction of the inner lens element 210, and each recessed tooth 221 extends along a second extending direction of the inner lens element 210, wherein the second extending direction is not parallel to the first extending direction.

[0125] The first extension direction is the rear end-front end direction of the inner lens element 210, and the second extension direction is the top end-bottom end direction of the inner lens element 210.

[0126] Generally, a number of concave teeth 221 are arranged to cover the reflection area 212 of the inner lens element 210.

[0127] The concave tooth 221 can be set perpendicular to the side end face of the inner lens element 210, or it can be set at a certain angle to the side end face of the inner lens element 210 (i.e., tilted).

[0128] Generally, the length of the concave tooth 221 is approximately equal to the length of the inner lens element 210. That is, the top of the concave tooth 221 is flush with the top of the inner lens element 210, and the bottom of the concave tooth 221 is flush with the bottom of the inner lens element 210.

[0129] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the concave tooth 221 is any one or a combination of arc-shaped, polygonal, or other shapes.

[0130] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the concave tooth 221 is a regular polygon, such as an equilateral triangle.

[0131] In some of these embodiments, a plurality of concave teeth 221 are distributed at equal intervals.

[0132] In some embodiments, the concave teeth 221 are distributed with non-uniform spacing. This non-uniform spacing includes either a regular change in the spacing between adjacent concave teeth 221 along a first extending direction, or an irregular change in the spacing between adjacent concave teeth 221 along the first extending direction.

[0133] Regular changes are those that occur in only one direction, such as increasing or decreasing.

[0134] Among them, irregular changes are any combination of increasing, decreasing, and constant values, such as increasing + decreasing combination, increasing + constant combination, decreasing + constant combination, increasing + decreasing + constant combination.

[0135] Within each combination, the order can be arbitrary. Taking the increasing + decreasing combination as an example, it can be increasing first and then decreasing, decreasing first and then increasing, or increasing and decreasing alternately.

[0136] In some embodiments, the depth of the concave tooth 221 is 0.1 to 0.25 mm.

[0137] In some of these embodiments, the depth of the plurality of concave teeth 221 is the same.

[0138] In some embodiments, the depths of the plurality of concave teeth 221 are not the same. This difference includes situations where the depths of the plurality of concave teeth 221 change regularly along the first extension direction, and situations where the depths of the plurality of concave teeth 221 change irregularly along the first extension direction.

[0139] Regular changes are those that occur in only one direction, such as increasing or decreasing.

[0140] Among them, irregular changes are any combination of increasing, decreasing, and constant values, such as increasing + decreasing combination, increasing + constant combination, decreasing + constant combination, increasing + decreasing + constant combination.

[0141] Within each combination, the order of operations is arbitrary. Taking the combination of increasing + constant as an example, it can be increasing first and then constant, constant first and then increasing, or increasing and constant alternating.

[0142] In some embodiments, a plurality of concave teeth 221 form a plurality of patterned regions 222, each patterned region 222 including at least one concave tooth 221, and the depth variation relationship of the plurality of patterned regions 222 is changed along a first extension direction, wherein the depth variation relationship is the relationship between the depth variation value of the patterned region 222 and the width of the patterned region 222.

[0143] The depth variation value is the difference between the depth of the last concave tooth 221 of the patterned region 222 and the depth of the first concave tooth 221 of the patterned region 222.

[0144] In some of the embodiments, several patterned regions 222 have the same width.

[0145] In some embodiments, the widths of the patterned regions 222 are not the same. This difference includes situations where the widths of the patterned regions 222 change regularly along the first extending direction, and situations where the widths of the patterned regions 222 change irregularly along the first extending direction.

[0146] Regular changes are those that occur in only one direction, such as increasing or decreasing.

[0147] Among them, irregular changes are any combination of increasing, decreasing, and constant values, such as increasing + decreasing combination, increasing + constant combination, decreasing + constant combination, increasing + decreasing + constant combination.

[0148] Within each combination, the order of operations is arbitrary. Taking the combination of decreasing + constant as an example, it can be either constant followed by decreasing, decreasing followed by constant, or a combination of constant and decreasing operations alternating.

[0149] For each patterned region 222, the depth relationship of the several concave teeth 221 inside is as described above.

[0150] The depth variation relationship of several patterned regions 222 is changed along the first extension direction, including regular changes and irregular changes.

[0151] Regular changes are those that occur in only one direction, such as increasing or decreasing.

[0152] Among them, irregular changes are any combination of increasing, decreasing, and constant values, such as increasing + decreasing combination, increasing + constant combination, decreasing + constant combination, increasing + decreasing + constant combination.

[0153] Within each combination, the order can be arbitrary. Taking the increasing + decreasing combination as an example, it can be increasing first and then decreasing, decreasing first and then increasing, or increasing and decreasing alternately.

[0154] In some of these embodiments, at least one depth variation relationship differs from the others.

[0155] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the optical pattern element 220 includes three patterned regions 222 arranged sequentially. The width of the first patterned region 222 is 1 / 4 of the width of the optical pattern element 220, the width of the second patterned region 222 is 1 / 4 of the width of the optical pattern element 220, and the width of the third patterned region 222 is 1 / 2 of the width of the optical pattern element 220. In the first patterned region 222, the depth of the concave teeth 221 decreases by 0.02 mm from its beginning to its end; in the second patterned region 222, the depth of the concave teeth 221 decreases by 0.04 mm from its beginning to its end; and in the third patterned region 222, the depth of the concave teeth 221 decreases by 0.03 mm from its beginning to its end.

[0156] like Figure 9 As shown, the light source unit 300 includes at least one first light source element 310, at least one second light source element 320, and at least one third light source element 330. The first light source element 310 is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit 200 and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface; the second light source element 320 is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit 200 and is used to emit the first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface; the third light source element 330 is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit 200 and is used to emit the second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface.

[0157] Specifically, the first light source element 310 is disposed upstream of the inner lens element 210, that is, disposed at the rear end of the inner lens element 210; the second light source element 320 is disposed upstream of the inner lens element 210, that is, disposed at the rear end of the inner lens element 210; and the third light source element 330 is disposed upstream of the inner lens element 210, that is, disposed at the rear end of the inner lens element 210.

[0158] In this invention, the light source unit 300 can be implemented in the following ways:

[0159] 1) First light source element 310;

[0160] 2) Second light source element 320 and third light source element 330;

[0161] 3) First light source element 310 and second light source element 320;

[0162] 4) First light source element 310 and third light source element 330;

[0163] 5) First light source element 310, second light source element 320 and third light source element 330.

[0164] That is, through the above combination, the light source unit 300 can emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting with the light-emitting surface.

[0165] Generally, the first light source element 310, the second light source element 320, and the third light source element 330 are LEDs.

[0166] In some embodiments, there are multiple first light source elements 310. These multiple first light source elements 310 are distributed (e.g., arranged in an array).

[0167] In some embodiments, there are multiple second light source elements 320. These multiple second light source elements 320 are distributed (e.g., arranged in an array).

[0168] In some embodiments, there are multiple third light source elements 330. These multiple third light source elements 330 are distributed (e.g., arranged in an array).

[0169] In implementation methods 2) to 5), different light source elements can be distributed according to actual needs, such as by regional distribution or alternating distribution.

[0170] Furthermore, the three-dimensional light-emitting structure also includes a housing unit 400. The housing unit 400 has an inner lens unit 200 and a light source unit 300 inside, and is connected to the lampshade unit 100. At least a portion of the lampshade unit 100 protrudes from the housing unit 400.

[0171] like Figure 10 As shown, the housing unit 400 includes a housing element 410 and a mounting element 420. The housing element 410 has an inner lens unit 200 and a light source unit 300 disposed inside it. The mounting element 420 is disposed through the housing element 410 and is used for the lampshade unit 100 to pass through so that at least a portion of the lampshade unit 100 protrudes from the housing element 410.

[0172] Specifically, the housing element 410 is provided with an inner lens element 210, a first light source element 310, a second light source element 320, and a third light source element 330; the mounting element 420 is used for the lampshade element 110 to pass through so that at least a portion of the lampshade element 110 protrudes from the housing element 410.

[0173] Generally, the housing element 410 has a front end face, a rear end face, a left end face, a right end face, a top end face, and a bottom end face. The front end face can be a plane, a curved surface, or an irregular surface; the rear end face is generally a plane; the left end face can be a plane, a curved surface, or an irregular surface; the right end face can be a plane, a curved surface, or an irregular surface; the top end face can be a plane, a curved surface, or an irregular surface; and the bottom end face can be a plane, a curved surface, or an irregular surface.

[0174] In addition, each end face of the housing element 410 can be a continuous surface or a discontinuous surface (such as a stepped surface).

[0175] There is an angle between the left end face (right end face) and the front end face, which can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0176] There is an included angle between the left end face (right end face) and the rear end face. This included angle can be any one of acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

[0177] Generally, the left and right end faces are symmetrical about the front end face.

[0178] The assembly process of the housing component 410 and the lampshade component 110 is a conventional technique in this field, such as plugging and bonding, and will not be described in detail here.

[0179] In some of these embodiments, housing element 410 includes, but is not limited to, a housing.

[0180] Mounting element 420 is provided on the front end face of housing element 410. Generally, lampshade element 110 and mounting element 420 are manufactured by conventional machining processes, such as integral molding, stamping, cutting, etc.

[0181] Mounting element 420 is located approximately at the center of the front end face of housing element 410. Specifically, there is a gap between the left end face (right end face, top end face, bottom end face) of mounting element 420 and the left end face (right end face, top end face, bottom end face) of housing element 410.

[0182] In some of these embodiments, the mounting element 420 is a mounting slot.

[0183] The method of using this invention is as follows:

[0184] When the light source unit 300 (first light source element 310, second light source element 320, and third light source element 330) is turned on, the first and second light sources emitted by the light source unit 300 enter the inner lens element 210, are mixed in the mixing area 211, and are reflected by several concave teeth 221 in the reflection area 212 before entering the lampshade element 110. After being diffused, the light source is emitted outward from the side wall and end of the lampshade element 110, so that the lampshade element 110 presents a uniform three-dimensional light emission state.

[0185] When the light source unit 300 (first light source element 310, second light source element 320, and third light source element 330) is turned off, the light-transmitting coating element presents a metallic effect, forming an overall shape with the surrounding decorative parts.

[0186] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0187] 1) Through the cooperation of the inner lens unit and the lampshade unit, three-dimensional light emission is achieved, which is no longer the traditional one-dimensional dot matrix light or two-dimensional line light;

[0188] 2) The lampshade unit does not have traditional perforated structures such as "partial openings" or "slit openings", reducing the sense of discontinuity;

[0189] 3) When the lights are off, the lampshade unit uses a PVD coating to form an integrated shape with the surrounding decorative parts, enhancing the sense of unity.

[0190] Example 2

[0191] This embodiment relates to the three-dimensional luminous grille and automobile of the present invention.

[0192] An illustrative embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional light-emitting grid, comprising several three-dimensional light-emitting structures as described in Embodiment 1.

[0193] The three-dimensional light-emitting grille of the present invention includes the following implementation methods:

[0194] 1) Several three-dimensional light-emitting structures are arranged in parallel to each other;

[0195] 2) Some three-dimensional light-emitting structures are arranged in parallel with each other, and other three-dimensional light-emitting structures are arranged in parallel with each other. The two three-dimensional light-emitting structures are arranged to intersect, such as two three-dimensional light-emitting structures being arranged perpendicularly.

[0196] 3) Several three-dimensional light-emitting structures form a specific shape, for example, multiple three-dimensional light-emitting structures are connected end to end to form a ring structure, or multiple three-dimensional light-emitting structures are arranged radially, etc.

[0197] Furthermore, the aforementioned three-dimensional light-emitting structure and three-dimensional light-emitting grille can be applied to automobiles.

[0198] Furthermore, in automobiles, the three-dimensional light-emitting structure described in Example 1 can also be applied to the cabin of the automobile as an ambient light.

[0199] Example 3

[0200] This embodiment is a specific implementation of the present invention.

[0201] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional light-emitting grid includes an LED light source group (equivalent to the light source unit 300 in Embodiment 1), an inner lens (equivalent to the inner lens unit 200 in Embodiment 1), a housing (equivalent to the housing unit 400 in Embodiment 1), and an outer lampshade (equivalent to the lampshade unit 100 in Embodiment 1). The LED light source group is composed of multiple LEDs (equivalent to the first light source element 310, the second light source element 320, and the third light source element 330 in Embodiment 1); the inner lens is a PMMA lens; and the outer lampshade is made of diffuser material PC.

[0202] The light-emitting principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0203] The LED light source group includes a light source that enters the inner lens along the normal direction of the light-emitting surface (equivalent to the first light source in Embodiment 1) and a light source that is at a certain angle to the normal direction of the light-emitting surface (equivalent to the second light source in Embodiment 1).

[0204] The light source that enters the inner lens along the normal of the light-emitting surface passes directly through the inner lens and enters the outer lamp cover, forming a positive optical effect;

[0205] A light source with a certain angle to the normal of the light-emitting surface illuminates the "optical pattern" area of ​​the inner lens (equivalent to the "optical pattern element 220" in Example 1), generating reflected light in this area. The reflected light passes through the inner lens and illuminates the sides of the outer lampshade from both sides of the inner lens. After being uniformly illuminated by the outer lampshade, a lateral optical effect is formed.

[0206] The surface of the outer lampshade is coated with a PVD layer using a vacuum electroplating process (equivalent to the light-transmitting coating element in Example 1). The PVD coating thickness is 20–30 μm, and the PVD coating has a light transmittance of 10–15%. Using this design, the product's surface does not require additional "cutouts" or "slits" for light transmission. When the product is in the off state, the outer lampshade exhibits a metallic effect due to the PVD coating, serving a decorative purpose without diminishing the product's refined appearance.

[0207] Regarding the "optical pattern" of the inner lens, it consists of equilateral triangular concave teeth (equivalent to concave teeth 221 in Example 1), the depth of which varies along the direction of light transmission. Within the distance from the starting point to the ending point of the optical pattern, the depth varies as follows: in the 0%–25% region of the overall distance, the depth transitions from 0.2 mm to 0.18 mm; in the 25%–50% region, the depth transitions from 0.18 mm to 0.14 mm; and in the 50%–100% region, the depth transitions from 0.14 mm to 0.11 mm.

[0208] The fit between the inner lens and the outer lamp cover is as follows:

[0209] The inner lens includes a light mixing area (equivalent to the light mixing area 211 in Embodiment 1) and a reflection area (equivalent to the reflection area 212 in Embodiment 1), and the outer lamp cover includes an intrusion area (equivalent to the intrusion area 111 in Embodiment 1) and a diffusion area (equivalent to the diffusion area 112 in Embodiment 1).

[0210] The light source first needs to complete the mixing within a mixing zone of at least 12mm width to ensure high dispersion of the light source when it enters the reflection area, thereby avoiding poor brightness uniformity on the sidewalls. (A mixing zone width of less than 12mm can easily lead to insufficient mixing and uneven brightness on the sidewalls; a mixing zone width greater than 12mm will increase unnecessary product weight and light source loss.)

[0211] The width of the diffusion zone is 17mm. This width is adjusted based on simulation results. If the width is too large, the brightness at the end furthest from the light source will be too low, and if the width is too small, the brightness of the sidewalls will be much lower than that of the forward viewing area, affecting the overall effect of the product.

[0212] The width of the intrusion zone is designed flexibly, mainly adjusted according to the width of the diffusion zone. The overall idea is: first, to ensure the brightness and consistency of the front and sides of the diffusion zone; second, to ensure that the brightness of the intrusion zone can reach the brightness of the sidewall of the diffusion zone. This goal is achieved by adjusting the optical pattern of the reflection zone.

[0213] The depth of the intrusion zone is 6mm. Within the intrusion zone, the distance between the inner lens and the lampshade is 0.3mm. The smaller this distance, the better, to ensure no dark areas. However, a distance that is too small may lead to low manufacturing yield and assembly problems.

[0214] The three-dimensional light-emitting grating of this embodiment was simulated (using Speos optical simulation software), and the results are as follows: Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown. The LED light source is a single-channel Osram "D6RTB-SKG-Blue_5M_Rays_SPEOS". For example... Figure 12 As shown, the normal brightness is about 380 nits, and the side brightness is about 250 nits.

[0215] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional light-emitting structure, characterized in that, include: A lampshade unit, comprising an intrusion zone and a diffusion zone arranged sequentially, wherein the brightness of the diffusion zone is not less than the brightness of the intrusion zone; An inner lens unit, at least a portion of the front end of the inner lens unit is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit, the inner lens unit includes a light mixing area and a reflection area arranged sequentially, at least a portion of the reflection area overlaps with the intrusion area; A light source unit is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface; The first light source passes through the inner lens unit and enters the lampshade unit to form a positive optical effect, while the second light source is reflected by the inner lens unit and enters the lampshade unit to form a lateral optical effect.

2. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lampshade unit includes: A lampshade element, comprising an intrusion area and a diffusion area arranged sequentially, wherein the brightness of the diffusion area is not less than the brightness of the intrusion area, and at least a portion of the intrusion area overlaps with the reflection area; A through-slot element, wherein the through-slot element is disposed at the rear end of the lampshade element and located in the intrusion area, and is embedded and connected to at least a portion of the inner lens unit; and / or The inner lens unit includes: An inner lens element, at least a portion of the front end of the inner lens element is embedded in the rear end of the lampshade unit, the inner lens element includes a light mixing area and a reflection area arranged sequentially, at least a portion of the reflection area overlaps with the intrusion area; An optical pattern element, disposed on the sidewall of the inner lens element and located in the reflection area, is used to reflect at least the second light source; and / or The light source unit includes: At least one first light source element, disposed upstream of the inner lens unit, is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface and a second light source intersecting the light-emitting surface; and / or At least one second light source element is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a first light source parallel to the light-emitting surface; At least one third light source element is provided, which is disposed upstream of the inner lens unit and is used to emit a second light source that intersects with the light-emitting surface.

3. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lampshade unit also includes: A light-transmitting coating element is disposed covering the surface of the lampshade element; and / or The optical pattern element includes: A plurality of concave teeth are spaced apart along a first extending direction of the inner lens element, and each concave tooth extends along a second extending direction of the inner lens element, wherein the second extending direction is not parallel to the first extending direction.

4. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the light-transmitting coating element is 20–30 μm; and / or The light transmittance of the light-transmitting coating element is 10% to 15%; and / or The light-transmitting coating element is formed using a vacuum electroplating process.

5. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Regarding the distribution of the concave teeth: The aforementioned concave teeth are evenly spaced; or The concave teeth are distributed at non-equidistant intervals; and / or For the cross-section of the concave tooth: The cross-section of the concave tooth is any one or a combination of arc-shaped and polygonal shapes; and / or Regarding the width of the concave tooth: Several of the aforementioned concave teeth have the same depth; or The depths of some of the aforementioned concave teeth are not the same; or The plurality of concave teeth form a plurality of patterned regions, each of the patterned regions including at least one concave tooth, and the depth variation relationship of the plurality of patterned regions changes along a first extension direction, wherein the depth variation relationship is the relationship between the depth variation value of the patterned region and the width of the patterned region.

6. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-section of the concave tooth is a regular polygon; and / or At least one of the depth variation relationships is different from the rest of the depth variation relationships.

7. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The housing unit has the inner lens unit and the light source unit disposed inside it and connected to the lampshade unit. At least a portion of the lampshade unit protrudes from the housing unit.

8. The three-dimensional light-emitting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing unit includes: A housing element, wherein the inner lens unit and the light source unit are disposed inside the housing element; Mounting element, which is disposed through the housing element, is provided for the lampshade unit to pass through so that at least a portion of the lampshade unit protrudes from the housing element.

9. A three-dimensional luminous grid, characterized in that, include: Several three-dimensional light-emitting structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A car, characterized in that, include: The three-dimensional light-emitting structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; or the three-dimensional light-emitting grid as described in claim 9.

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