Laser satellite link establishing system and method and computer readable medium

Abstract

The invention provides a laser satellite link establishment system, a laser satellite link establishment method and a computer readable medium which can get rid of the dependence on a ground station in the link establishment process, improve the anti-interference capability of a satellite communication system, improve the laser capture efficiency and accelerate the link establishment speed. The laser satellite link building system comprises: a laser microwave transmit-receive member for transmitting and receiving microwaves and laser; the microwave link is used for discovering neighbor nodes by communicating with other satellite nodes through microwaves, transmitting position and attitude information between the microwave link and the neighbor nodes, correcting pointing angle parameters of laser scanning and carrying out auxiliary scanning on the neighbor nodes so as to reduce an uncertain area of the laser scanning; the laser link is used for carrying out open-loop adjustment on the laser visual axis of the laser microwave transmitting and receiving component based on the position and attitude information, so that the laser visual axis points to the neighbor node and is coupled with the microwave link, and the uncertain area is scanned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to an improved scheme for laser satellite networking. Background Technology

[0002] In satellite ad hoc networking scenarios, with the surge in the number of space satellite nodes, spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and satellite-to-ground / inter-satellite interference is significantly enhanced. In future complex electromagnetic environments, satellite ad hoc networks need to further improve their anti-interference capabilities. To address this, a space laser communication technology that utilizes lasers instead of microwaves for communication has been proposed.

[0003] Space laser communication technology combines the advantages of radio communication and fiber optic communication, using laser as a carrier to achieve high-speed data transmission. With its strong anti-interference ability, high security, fast communication speed and no electromagnetic spectrum limitations, it has become an important development direction in the field of satellite communication, especially suitable for applications with high requirements for large-capacity data transmission and real-time communication in satellite self-organizing network scenarios.

[0004] Traditional laser link establishment primarily involves seven stages: mission preparation, initial pointing, scanning and acquisition, coarse tracking, fine tracking, adaptive optics tracking, and laser communication. The mission preparation stage mainly involves satellite-to-ground laser communication, which includes eight sub-stages: satellite data transmission, satellite overpass detection, satellite-to-ground calibration, establishing satellite-to-ground communication, satellite data transmission, ground data processing, telemetry data uploading, and node acquisition of target data. The initial pointing stage mainly involves adjusting the line of sight and switching the laser pointer to the target terminal. The scanning and acquisition stage mainly involves open-loop scanning and detecting the target's response signal. Through these actions—mission preparation, initial pointing, and scanning and acquisition—a preliminary laser link can be established between two laser satellites, preparing for subsequent coarse tracking, fine tracking, adaptive optics tracking, and laser communication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention

[0006] Existing laser satellites typically support only laser communication, employing it for both satellite-to-ground and inter-satellite communications. However, because the beam divergence angle of a laser beam is significantly smaller than that of a microwave beamwidth, beam capture becomes difficult when the region of uncertainty (FOU) is large. Consequently, current laser link establishment relies on ground station planning. However, this laser link establishment process lacks autonomy and excessively depends on ground station assistance. If the ground station loses contact, the satellite loses its ability to establish a link autonomously.

[0007] Specifically, for example, during the mission preparation phase, ground stations plan and establish links to acquire target satellite attitude, elevation angle, and GNSS / INS information through satellite-to-ground laser communication. However, satellite-to-ground laser links can only be established when the satellite is passing overhead and within the ground station's acquisition range, and the entire process lacks autonomy. Furthermore, satellite-to-ground laser links are susceptible to various factors such as atmospheric turbulence and rain attenuation. In addition, the long communication distance and instability of the satellite platform can cause jitter in the laser emission direction, affecting the alignment accuracy between the laser beam and the ground station, and consequently impacting the stability of the entire link. Therefore, this planning-based link establishment method suffers from long establishment times and delayed information updates, and cannot meet the requirements of satellite self-organizing networks.

[0008] Furthermore, in satellite ad hoc networking scenarios, establishing laser links faces greater challenges due to rapid changes in node topology and frequent link switching. Factors such as satellite platform attitude errors, orbital deviations, and structural deformations caused by environmental changes can lead to increased laser beam pointing errors, creating a larger area of ​​uncertainty (FOU), which further significantly increases the difficulty of beam acquisition. Therefore, traditional laser satellites struggle to establish stable laser links in environments with strong interference, based on conventional planning methods, resulting in decreased data transmission reliability.

[0009] Specifically, during the scanning and acquisition phase, the undefined area (FOU) of laser scanning is relatively large, and due to differences in scanning strategies, blind scanning or situations where the beacon beam divergence angle cannot cover the FOU may occur during open-loop scanning. In addition, satellite attitude jitter, micro-vibration, and small divergence angle characteristics make it difficult to achieve a 100% scanning coverage probability. At the same time, in order to reduce the probability of false alarms, multiple repeated scans are required, which significantly prolongs the link establishment time and cannot meet the networking requirements of rapid topology changes.

[0010] This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a laser satellite link establishment system, method and computer-readable medium that can eliminate the dependence on ground stations in the link establishment process, improve the anti-interference capability of satellite communication systems, improve laser acquisition efficiency, speed up link establishment, and meet the needs of rapid topology reconstruction in ad hoc network scenarios.

[0011] Technical solutions to solve technical problems

[0012] To address the aforementioned problems, the laser satellite link establishment system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a laser microwave transceiver component that transmits and receives microwaves and lasers; a microwave link that communicates with other satellite nodes via the microwaves to discover neighboring nodes, transmits position and attitude information between the microwave transceiver and the neighboring nodes, corrects the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan, and performs auxiliary scanning of the neighboring nodes to reduce the uncertain area of ​​the laser scan; and a laser link that performs open-loop adjustment of the laser line of sight of the laser microwave transceiver component based on the position and attitude information to point towards the neighboring nodes, and couples with the microwave link to scan the uncertain area.

[0013] Optionally, the microwave link includes a node access unit, which acquires satellite node information through the microwave and discovers neighboring nodes based on the satellite node information.

[0014] Optionally, the microwave link includes a data transmission unit that transmits the position and attitude information via the narrow-beam microwave.

[0015] Optionally, the position and attitude information includes star-sensor data and ephemeris data.

[0016] Optionally, the microwave link includes a parameter correction unit, which scans the microwave and the neighboring nodes to determine the direction of arrival based on the arrival wave estimation algorithm, thereby correcting the pointing angle parameter.

[0017] Optionally, the pointing angle parameters include pitch angle parameters and azimuth angle parameters.

[0018] Optionally, the microwave link includes a microwave-assisted scanning unit that performs the auxiliary scanning by switching the electronic beam of the transmitted microwave.

[0019] Optionally, the laser link includes a coupling scanning unit that couples the laser with the microwave and uses the coupled beam to scan the uncertain region.

[0020] Optionally, the laser microwave transceiver component includes: a laser terminal for transmitting and receiving the laser; and a phased array for transmitting and receiving the microwave, integrated with the laser terminal in a coaxial, non-co-aperture manner.

[0021] Optionally, the laser satellite link establishment system includes multiple laser microwave transceiver components, which are respectively configured at different locations on the satellite.

[0022] Furthermore, to address the aforementioned problems, the laser satellite link establishment method according to the second aspect of the present invention includes: a microwave link establishment step, in which microwaves are transmitted and received, and communication with other satellite nodes is conducted through the microwaves to discover neighboring nodes, position and attitude information is transmitted between the satellite nodes, the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan are corrected, and auxiliary scanning is performed on the neighboring nodes to reduce the uncertain area of ​​the laser scan; and a laser link establishment step, in which lasers are transmitted and received, and the laser line of sight is adjusted in an open loop based on the position and attitude information to point towards the neighboring nodes, and coupled with the microwave link to scan the uncertain area.

[0023] Optionally, the microwave link establishment step includes a node network entry step, in which satellite node information is obtained through the microwave, and the neighboring nodes are discovered based on the satellite node information.

[0024] Optionally, the microwave link establishment step includes a data transmission step, in which the position and attitude information is transmitted through the narrow-beam microwave.

[0025] Optionally, the position and attitude information includes star-sensor data and ephemeris data.

[0026] Optionally, the microwave link establishment step includes a parameter correction step, in which the microwave and the neighboring node scan each other, and the direction of arrival is determined according to the arrival wave estimation algorithm, thereby correcting the pointing angle parameter.

[0027] Optionally, the pointing angle parameters include pitch angle parameters and azimuth angle parameters.

[0028] Optionally, the microwave link establishment step includes a microwave-assisted scanning step, in which the auxiliary scanning is performed by switching the electronic beam of the transmitted microwave.

[0029] Optionally, the laser link establishment step includes a coupling scanning step, in which the laser is coupled to the microwave, and the coupling beam is used to scan the uncertain region.

[0030] Optionally, the laser satellite link establishment method further includes a microwave communication step, in which, after the laser link establishment is completed, the link establishment target request is received via the microwave.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the computer-readable medium according to the third aspect of the present invention stores a program for executing the laser satellite link establishment method according to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0032] Invention Effects

[0033] The laser satellite link establishment system, method, and computer-readable medium of the present invention can eliminate the dependence on ground stations in the link establishment process, improve anti-interference capability, improve laser acquisition efficiency, accelerate link establishment speed, and meet the needs of rapid topology reconstruction in ad hoc network scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the structure of the laser satellite link-establishing system involved in this invention.

[0035] Figure 2(A) shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structural example of a laser microwave transceiver component is shown in Figure 2(B). Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another structural example of a laser microwave transceiver component.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a table used to illustrate the advantages of phased array electronic beams over laser beams.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the entire process of the laser satellite link establishment method involved in this invention.

[0038] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 4 The flowchart of the microwave-guided link establishment process. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0041] Implementation

[0042] Figure 1This is a block diagram illustrating the structure of the laser satellite link establishment system according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, a separate architecture for the control channel and data channel is adopted; that is, a microwave link is used as the control channel, and a laser link is used as the data channel. Specifically, as... Figure 1 As shown, the laser satellite link establishment system includes a laser microwave transceiver component 100, a microwave link 200, and a laser link 300.

[0043] The laser-microwave transceiver component 100 is configured to transmit and receive microwaves and lasers. As a specific embodiment, the laser-microwave transceiver component 100 can adopt a coaxial non-co-aperture structure, integrated from a phased array antenna and a laser terminal. Here, "coaxial non-co-aperture" refers to a structure where the beam of the phased array antenna overlaps with the beam of the laser terminal, but the laser and microwaves are emitted from different apertures. As a specific embodiment, the phased array antenna and the laser terminal can be integrated on the same platform, and they can transmit and receive beams through different physical windows. By rotating the platform, the phased array antenna and the laser terminal can rotate around the same axis. This coaxial non-co-aperture structure enables microwaves and lasers to perform cooperative detection, facilitating the "beam coupling" described later, and also provides a certain degree of isolation between the laser and microwave links, preventing mutual interference.

[0044] The specific structural example of the laser microwave transceiver component 100 will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 2(A) shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structural example of the laser microwave transceiver component 100 is shown in Figure 2(A). The laser microwave transceiver component 100 includes a laser terminal 10a and a phased array 20a.

[0046] The laser terminal 10a can be constructed using various existing lasers, and is shown as an elliptical optical mirror in Figure 2(A). This laser terminal 10a is used for transmitting and receiving lasers.

[0047] The phased array 20a is composed of multiple phased array elements, shown as multiple rectangular elements in Figure 2(A). Each phased array element is arranged symmetrically around the laser terminal 10a, with its axis of symmetry coinciding with the optical axis of the laser terminal 10a. This phased array 20a is used for microwave transmission and reception. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(A), since the optical mirror of the laser terminal 10a and the microwave emission apertures of each phased array element of the phased array 20a are separately configured, they constitute a "coaxial non-co-aperture" structure.

[0048] Figure 2(B) shows Figure 1A schematic diagram of another structural example of the laser microwave transceiver component 100. Similar to Figure 2(A), the laser microwave transceiver component 100 also includes a laser terminal 10b and a phased array 20b.

[0049] The difference from Figure 2(A) is that in Figure 2(B), the phased array elements of the phased array 20b are not arranged around the laser terminal 10b, but only above and on the left and right sides of the laser terminal 10b. However, the laser microwave transceiver 100 with this structure can still ensure that the microwave beam emitted by the phased array 20b coincides with the laser beam emitted by the laser terminal 10b, thus forming a "coaxial non-co-aperture" structure.

[0050] By employing the laser-microwave transceiver component 100 constructed as described above, the phased array and laser terminal are integrated onto the same platform using a coaxial, non-co-aperture design. This allows for full utilization of the advantages of large servo rotation angles and fast phased array scanning, addressing the challenges of large scanning ranges and uncertain targets in ad hoc network scenarios. Simultaneously, laser and microwave communication can be separated. For example, the scanning angle of a phased array is limited to ±60–70°, but by mounting it on a two-dimensional servo rotation platform, the scanning angle can be extended to ±180°. Furthermore, the lightweight design of the coaxial, non-co-aperture component also contributes to reducing the weight of the laser satellite.

[0051] Furthermore, this embodiment shows an example where a phased array antenna is used as the microwave transceiver section in the laser microwave transceiver component 100. However, the structure of the laser microwave transceiver component of the present invention is not limited to this, and any other microwave transceiver capable of transmitting and receiving microwaves can be used. However, it is preferable to use a phased array. The reason is that the electronic beam generated by the phased array has the characteristic of rapid abrupt changes and can dynamically adjust the beamwidth and angle. Therefore, by guiding the intelligent beam of the phased array, the laser link establishment speed under low interference and strong interference conditions can be accelerated.

[0052] The advantages of phased array electronic beams over laser beams will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a table used to illustrate the advantages of phased array electronic beams over laser beams. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the switching speed of the phased array electronic beam is about 10 to 100 ns / hop, and its scanning speed covering a 30°×30° area is about 10 to 100 times / second. Both are significantly better than laser beams under the same conditions by about 1 to 2 orders of magnitude (equivalent to nanoseconds relative to milliseconds).

[0054] In addition, since phased arrays can dynamically adjust beamwidth and angle to generate beams of different widths and widths, they can significantly improve their anti-interference capability against various types of interference.

[0055] return Figure 1 The microwave link 200 is configured to communicate with a GNSS navigation satellite (not shown) via microwaves (indicated by solid arrows in the figure) from the aforementioned laser microwave transceiver 100 to discover neighboring nodes, transmit position and attitude information between the discovered neighboring nodes, correct the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan, and perform auxiliary scanning on the neighboring node to reduce the uncertainty area of ​​the laser scan.

[0056] Here, a "neighbor node" refers to another laser satellite located next to the laser satellite that is the target for establishing a link with the laser satellite equipped with the laser satellite link establishment system according to this embodiment. The laser satellite link establishment system according to this embodiment may also be carried on this other laser satellite that serves as a neighbor node.

[0057] Furthermore, the "navigation satellite" here can be any existing navigation satellite such as GPS, BeiDou, GLONASS, Galileo, etc., which transmits information such as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). In addition, the satellite communicating with microwave link 200 to assist in determining its orbit is not limited to navigation satellites; it can also be any other satellite node capable of establishing a microwave communication link with a laser satellite equipped with the laser satellite link establishment system described in this embodiment.

[0058] Furthermore, "position and attitude information" here refers to information used to assist in determining the position and attitude of a satellite. Specifically, this may include, for example, star-sensor data representing the satellite's attitude relative to the sun, and ephemeris data used to help determine the satellite's position. Of course, the composition of position and attitude information is not limited to this; any information that can assist in determining the position and attitude of a satellite can be used as position and attitude information.

[0059] Furthermore, the so-called "Field of Uncertainty" (FOU) here refers to the entire laser scanning area that needs to be searched for the target node to establish the link. Because laser communication uses a point-to-point method with a very small divergence angle, when the FOU is large, the area requiring laser scanning also becomes correspondingly large, and the time required to complete the FOU scanning is long. Therefore, this invention uses a microwave link to assist in scanning neighboring nodes, thereby reducing the FOU area for laser scanning.

[0060] As a specific embodiment of a microwave link, such as Figure 1 As shown, the microwave link 200 includes a node network entry unit 1, a data transmission unit 2, a parameter correction unit 3, and a microwave-assisted scanning unit 4.

[0061] Node joining unit 1 acquires satellite node information via microwaves from the laser-microwave transceiver component 100, and discovers neighboring nodes based on this information. Specifically, Node joining unit 1, mounted on an in-orbit satellite in a laser satellite link-building system, communicates with other external satellite nodes via the laser-microwave transceiver component 100 to obtain GNSS information. Then, based on the acquired GNSS information, Node joining unit 1 obtains its own orbital information and further discovers its surrounding neighboring nodes based on this orbital information. Thus, after satellites learn each other's positions, they can complete a self-organizing network.

[0062] The data transmission unit 2 preferably transmits the aforementioned position and attitude information using narrow-beam microwaves. Here, "narrow beam" refers to a beamwidth ≤ 4°. By utilizing this narrow-beam microwave, the data transmission unit 2 transmits position and attitude information with neighboring nodes, thereby further improving the anti-interference capability of position and attitude information transmission.

[0063] Furthermore, this embodiment shows a structural example of emitting the narrow-beam microwave via a phased array in the laser microwave transceiver 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The narrow-beam microwave can also be emitted by microwave sources of other types besides a phased array. Of course, the data transmission unit 2 may also use a beam with other beamwidths (i.e., divergence angles) to transmit position and attitude information instead of the narrow-beam microwave.

[0064] The parameter correction unit 3 scans with neighboring nodes using microwaves and determines the direction of arrival (DOA) based on the DOA algorithm, thereby correcting the laser scanning pointing angle parameter. Specifically, the parameter correction unit 3, via the laser microwave transceiver 100, scans with neighboring nodes using microwave beams to determine the direction of arrival from the neighboring nodes. Based on the determined direction of arrival, it adjusts the servo control mechanism of the platform equipped with the laser microwave transceiver 100 to adjust the laser scanning pointing angle parameter, ensuring that the laser microwave transceiver 100 and the neighboring nodes are aligned, thus completing the parameter correction. Here, the pointing angle parameter can include the elevation and azimuth parameters of the laser terminal in the laser microwave transceiver 100. Alternatively, the pointing angle parameter of the entire laser microwave transceiver 100 can be directly used as the laser scanning pointing angle parameter.

[0065] The microwave-assisted scanning unit 4 performs auxiliary scanning by switching the electronic beam of transmitted microwaves to reduce the uncertainty area of ​​laser scanning. As mentioned above, when a phased array is used for microwave transmission and reception, the generated electronic beam has the advantage of rapid switching. Its working principle is that the phased array can change the directivity of the coherently superimposed microwave beam by changing the phase of the electromagnetic wave transmission and reception of each phased array unit, without relying on the servo control mechanism of the platform to complete the microwave beam scanning. Therefore, it can quickly switch the beam direction to achieve beam switching. Using this electronic beam switching, the area to be scanned can be covered at a faster speed than a laser beam, thereby reducing the uncertainty area of ​​subsequent laser scanning.

[0066] Of course, the auxiliary scanning method of the microwave-assisted scanning unit is not limited to electronic beam switching; mechanical beam switching can also be used for auxiliary scanning. Although this method cannot achieve the advantage of rapid electronic beam switching like phased arrays, the divergence angle of microwave beams is ultimately much larger than that of laser beams. Therefore, it can also reduce the FOU of laser scanning to some extent.

[0067] The laser link 300 is configured to perform open-loop adjustment of the laser line of sight of the laser microwave transceiver component 100 based on the position and attitude information from the microwave link 200, so that it points to a neighboring node, and is coupled with the microwave link 200 to scan uncertain areas. As a specific embodiment of the laser link, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the laser link 300 includes a viewing axis adjustment unit 5 and a coupling scanning unit 6.

[0068] The line-of-sight adjustment unit 5 receives position and attitude information (represented by dashed arrows in the figure) from the data transmission unit 2 in the microwave link 200, and adjusts the optical axis of the laser terminal in the laser microwave transceiver component 100 (represented by dashed arrows in the figure) according to the acquired position and attitude information, so that the open loop points towards the target terminal (i.e., the neighboring node). There is no particular limitation on the specific method of implementing open-loop scanning, and any known method can be used. Here, since the FOU area of ​​laser scanning has been reduced by the microwave-assisted scanning unit 4, the probability of blind scanning during open-loop scanning is greatly reduced, and the situation where the beacon light divergence angle cannot cover the FOU can be avoided.

[0069] The coupling scanning unit 6 couples the laser (represented by dashed arrows in the figure) and microwave (represented by solid arrows in the figure) to scan the uncertain region using the coupled beam. As described above, since the laser-microwave transceiver component 100 adopts a coaxial non-co-aperture structure, the coupling scanning unit 6 can more easily couple the laser and microwave. The coupling scanning unit 6 uses the extremely narrow coupling beam formed by the coupling of the laser and microwave to jointly complete the scanning of the FOU region, thereby enabling rapid scanning of the FOU region and further accelerating the link establishment speed.

[0070] The structure of the laser satellite link establishment system described above has been explained, including an example of using a single laser-microwave transceiver component 100 to simultaneously transmit and receive microwaves and lasers. However, the present invention is not limited to having only one laser-microwave transceiver component; multiple laser-microwave transceiver components can also be configured on a single laser satellite. Specifically, depending on different application scenarios, a structure can be adopted in which multiple laser-microwave transceiver components are respectively configured at different locations on a single laser satellite, i.e., a structure in which a single satellite carries multiple laser-microwave transceiver components. This further enables lightweight design, saves space, and allows more link establishment systems to be mounted within a unit area of ​​the satellite, thereby further improving link establishment efficiency.

[0071] The following describes the method for establishing a link using the laser satellite link-establishing system described above.

[0072] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the entire process of the laser satellite link establishment method involved in this embodiment.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, firstly, after initiating the laser satellite link establishment process, the microwave-guided link establishment subroutine is executed (step ST1). The specific flow of this microwave-guided link establishment subroutine will be explained below.

[0074] Next, after capturing neighboring nodes using microwave-guided lasers, coarse tracking laser beams are used to coarsely track the target node (step ST2). Specifically, after aligning the laser beams emitted by the local node and the neighboring nodes, the direction of the laser beams is corrected.

[0075] Then, after the fine tracking conditions are met, the local node and its neighboring nodes simultaneously switch to fine tracking, and the fine tracking laser beam is used to perform fine tracking on the target node (step ST3).

[0076] After fine tracking is completed, this node starts the adaptive optics system to perform adaptive optics tracking (step ST4). At the same time, neighboring nodes maintain fine tracking to ensure that the laser link between the two nodes remains stable.

[0077] Subsequently, inter-satellite laser communication is conducted through the established laser link (step ST5).

[0078] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, after completing the microwave-guided link establishment task chain (step ST1), while starting coarse tracking (step ST2), the microwave link can not be immediately put into standby mode, but can continue to receive data packets from other neighboring nodes through the microwave link (step ST6), and determine whether the received data packets contain a link establishment target request (step ST7).

[0079] If no connection establishment target request is received (step ST7, No) and this continues for a specified period of time (not shown), the microwave link enters standby mode (step ST8), and the system continuously checks whether the wake-up period has been reached (step ST9). When the wake-up period is reached (step ST9, Yes), the microwave link is woken up (step ST10), and the process returns to step ST6.

[0080] On the other hand, if it is determined that a link establishment target request has been received (step ST7, yes), the laser satellite link establishment system of this node is transferred to link establishment with the next link establishment target (step ST11), and returns to the microwave-guided link establishment subroutine (step ST1) to perform an area scan of the next link establishment target in advance.

[0081] As mentioned above, since the microwave link does not immediately enter standby mode after laser link establishment is completed, but continues to receive data packets and determine whether a new link establishment target request has been received through microwave communication, the time for the next link establishment capture can be accelerated.

[0082] The following explains the microwave-guided chain-building subroutine.

[0083] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 4 The flowchart of the microwave-guided link establishment process.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, firstly, microwaves are transmitted and received to obtain satellite node information. Based on the satellite node information, neighboring nodes are discovered, thus completing the node's network access (step ST51).

[0085] Next, position and attitude information is transmitted between neighboring nodes via narrow-beam microwaves (step ST52). This position and attitude information may include star-sensor data and ephemeris data.

[0086] Then, the microwave system scans neighboring nodes to determine the direction of arrival of the laser wave based on the arrival wave estimation algorithm. The servo control mechanism is then adjusted to correct the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan, thereby completing the calibration (step ST53). The pointing angle parameters may include the elevation angle and azimuth angle parameters of the laser scan.

[0087] Next, the laser is transmitted and received. Based on the position and attitude information obtained in step ST52, the laser line of sight is adjusted in an open loop so that it points to the neighboring node (step ST54).

[0088] Subsequently, while transmitting and receiving microwaves, the electronic beam switching advantage of phased arrays is utilized to perform auxiliary scanning of neighboring nodes by switching the electronic beams of transmitted microwaves, thereby reducing the uncertainty area of ​​laser scanning (step ST55).

[0089] Finally, by using a coaxial non-co-aperture design, the laser and microwave are coupled, and the coupled beam is used to scan the reduced uncertain region to speed up the scanning process until the laser beam of the neighboring node is captured (step ST56).

[0090] As described above, the laser satellite link establishment system and method of the present invention, by using microwave links to communicate with other satellite nodes to discover neighboring nodes and complete node network access, can eliminate the need for satellite-to-ground laser link processes, get rid of dependence on ground stations, and complete autonomous inter-satellite link establishment through the fusion of laser and microwave systems.

[0091] Furthermore, the laser satellite link establishment system and method according to the present invention, since a microwave link is used to transmit control signals such as position and attitude information, and in some embodiments, a narrow-beam microwave is used to transmit link establishment information, can significantly improve the anti-interference capability of the system.

[0092] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the laser satellite link establishment system and method according to the present invention, the rapid switching characteristics of the phased array electronic beam are used to assist in scanning neighboring nodes, thereby significantly reducing the uncertainty area of ​​laser scanning and accelerating the link establishment speed.

[0093] Furthermore, according to the laser satellite link-building system and method of the present invention, a coupled beam of laser and microwave is used to complete the scanning of uncertain regions, thereby improving laser capture efficiency and further accelerating the link-building speed.

[0094] Furthermore, the laser satellite link establishment system according to the present invention, by integrating the phased array and laser terminal in a coaxial, non-co-aperture manner to form a laser-microwave transceiver component, can fully utilize the advantages of the large rotation angle of the private server and the fast scanning speed of the phased array to address the problems of large scanning range and uncertain targets in ad hoc network scenarios. Simultaneously, it can separate laser and microwave communication to avoid interference. Moreover, it can promote the miniaturization and weight reduction of the system.

[0095] The laser satellite link establishment system and method involved in this invention have been described above. The laser satellite link establishment method of this invention can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of both. Furthermore, the program for executing the laser satellite link establishment method of this invention can be stored on various computer-readable media and loaded into, for example, a CPU for execution when needed. There are no particular limitations on the computer-readable media; for example, optical discs such as HDD, CD-ROM, CD-R, MO, MD, DVD, IC cards, floppy disks, and semiconductor memories such as mask ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory ROM can be used.

[0096] Furthermore, specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the scope of the present invention also includes all modifications and variations within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

[0097] Industrial practicality

[0098] As described above, the laser satellite linking system, laser satellite linking method, and computer-readable medium storing a program that results in the execution of the laser satellite linking method, according to the present invention, are useful for space laser satellite linking in satellite ad hoc networking scenarios.

[0099] Label Explanation

[0100] 1 node network access unit

[0101] 2 Data Transmission Unit

[0102] 3-parameter correction unit

[0103] 4 Microwave-assisted scanning unit

[0104] 5-axis adjustment unit

[0105] 6 Coupled Scanning Units

[0106] 10a and 10b laser terminals

[0107] 20a and 20b phased arrays

[0108] 100 Laser Microwave Transceiver Components

[0109] 200 microwave links

[0110] 300 laser link.

Claims

1. A laser satellite link-establishing system, characterized in that, include: A laser-microwave transceiver component that transmits and receives microwaves and lasers; A microwave link is used to communicate with other satellite nodes to discover neighboring nodes, transmit position and attitude information with the neighboring nodes, correct the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan, and perform auxiliary scanning of the neighboring nodes to reduce the uncertainty area of ​​the laser scan. as well as A laser link is used to perform open-loop adjustment of the laser line of sight of the laser microwave transceiver component based on the position and attitude information, so that it points to the neighboring node, and is coupled with the microwave link to scan the uncertain region.

2. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave link includes a node access unit, which acquires satellite node information through the microwave and discovers neighboring nodes based on the satellite node information.

3. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave link includes a data transmission unit that transmits the position and attitude information via the narrow-beam microwave.

4. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The position and attitude information includes star-sensor data and ephemeris data.

5. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave link includes a parameter correction unit, which scans the microwave and the neighboring nodes to determine the direction of arrival of the microwave based on the arrival wave estimation algorithm, thereby correcting the pointing angle parameter.

6. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The pointing angle parameters include pitch angle parameters and azimuth angle parameters.

7. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave link includes a microwave-assisted scanning unit, which performs the auxiliary scanning by switching the electronic beam of the transmitted microwave.

8. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The laser link includes a coupling scanning unit that couples the laser with the microwave and uses the coupled beam to scan the uncertain region.

9. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The laser microwave transceiver component includes: A laser terminal that transmits and receives the laser light; and A phased array, which transmits and receives the microwaves, is integrated with the laser terminal in a coaxial, non-co-aperture manner.

10. The laser satellite link-establishing system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It includes multiple laser microwave transceiver components, which are respectively configured at different positions on the satellite.

11. A laser satellite link establishment method, characterized in that, include: The microwave link establishment step involves transmitting and receiving microwave signals to communicate with other satellite nodes to discover neighboring nodes. Position and attitude information is transmitted between these neighboring nodes to correct the pointing angle parameters of the laser scan. Auxiliary scanning of neighboring nodes is also performed to reduce the uncertainty area of ​​the laser scan. The laser link establishment step involves transmitting and receiving laser light, adjusting the laser line of sight in an open loop based on the position and attitude information to point towards the neighboring node, and coupling it with the microwave link to scan the uncertain region.

12. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The microwave link establishment step includes a node network entry step, in which satellite node information is obtained through the microwave, and neighboring nodes are discovered based on the satellite node information.

13. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The microwave link establishment step includes a data transmission step, in which the position and attitude information is transmitted through the narrow-beam microwave.

14. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The position and attitude information includes star-sensor data and ephemeris data.

15. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The microwave link establishment step includes a parameter correction step, in which the microwave and the neighboring nodes scan each other, and the direction of arrival of the wave is determined according to the arrival wave estimation algorithm, thereby correcting the pointing angle parameter.

16. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The pointing angle parameters include pitch angle parameters and azimuth angle parameters.

17. The laser satellite link establishment method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The microwave link establishment step includes a microwave-assisted scanning step, in which the auxiliary scanning is performed by switching the electronic beam of the transmitted microwave.

18. The laser satellite link establishment method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The laser link establishment step includes a coupling scanning step, in which the laser is coupled with the microwave, and the coupling beam is used to scan the uncertain region.

19. The laser satellite link establishment method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, It also includes a microwave communication step, in which, after the laser link establishment is completed, the link establishment target request is received via the microwave.

20. A computer-readable medium storing a program for performing the laser satellite linking method as described in any one of claims 11 to 19.

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