Method for increasing lawn planting speed of turfgrass stolons

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lawn planting, and discloses a method for increasing the lawn planting speed of lawn grass stolons. The method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of stolons: selecting stolons containing 2-5 stem nodes, and soaking the stolons in a nutrient solution containing a plant growth regulator; preparing a turf bed: covering river sand on the surface of the turf bed, and leveling; sowing, wherein the pretreated stolons are sown on a lawn bed; covering the surfaces of the stolons with river sand; management: pressing and watering until a lawn is formed; wherein the plant growth regulator comprises at least one of indolebutyric acid and naphthylacetic acid; the river sand is selected from at least one of medium sand with the particle size of 0.25-0.5 mm and fine sand with the particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm; in the turf bed preparation, the mass ratio of medium sand is larger than or equal to 70%; in the covering sand, the mass ratio of the fine sand is larger than or equal to 80%. By means of the method, the lawn planting speed of the lawn grass can be increased, and the lawn can be basically formed after 25-30 days.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turf establishment technology, and in particular to a method for improving the speed of turf establishment using turfgrass runners. Background Technology

[0002] "Lanyin No. Ⅲ" Zoysia japonica is an excellent cultivated variety selected from wild Zoysia japonica resources. It is a perennial herb of the Poaceae family with well-developed stolons, leathery and lanceolate leaves, and spike-like inflorescences. It belongs to the warm-season turfgrass type and is widely used in the establishment of sports field lawns in South China.

[0003] Due to its plant characteristics, *Lan Yin III* Zoysia japonica has a low seed yield and is mostly of poor quality, making it difficult to obtain a sufficient quantity of healthy seeds to meet large-scale commercial needs. Therefore, most *Lan Yin III* Zoysia japonica lawns are currently established using its vegetative stolons as propagation material. After the stolons are planted in the soil, new shoots sprout and grow from their nodes, eventually forming a lawn after a period of growth. However, existing methods for establishing *Lan Yin III* Zoysia japonica lawns using stolons suffer from slow germination and a long lawn establishment time (around 40 days). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the speed of turf establishment by turfgrass runners.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for improving the speed of turf establishment using turfgrass runners, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Pretreatment of stolons: Select stolons with 2-5 nodes and soak them in a nutrient solution containing plant growth regulators;

[0008] Plain preparation: Cover the surface of the plain with river sand and level it;

[0009] Sowing: Sow the pretreated stolons on the seedbed;

[0010] Sand covering: Cover the surface of the stolons with river sand;

[0011] Management: Press down and water until the turf is established;

[0012] The plant growth regulators include at least one of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid;

[0013] The river sand is selected from at least one of medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5 mm and fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm.

[0014] In the preparation of the slab bed, the mass ratio of medium sand is ≥70%; in the covering sand, the mass ratio of fine sand is ≥80%.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stolon contains 3-4 stem nodes.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the creeping stem is less than or equal to 10 cm.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the plant growth regulator is indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid; in the nutrient solution, the content of indolebutyric acid is 8-12 mg / L and the content of naphthaleneacetic acid is 3-7 mg / L.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nutrient solution contains 9-11 mg / L of indolebutyric acid and 4-6 mg / L of naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nutrient solution is selected from Hoagland nutrient solution or 0.5wt%-1wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the soaking time is 18-24 hours.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the soaking of the stolons is carried out 1-2 days before sowing.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the soaking is completed, the step of drying the stolons until the surface is moist but no nutrient solution drips off is also included.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the preparation of the tidal flat, the river sand consists of 70wt%-90wt% medium sand and 10wt%-30wt% fine sand.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the river sand covering during the preparation of the tidal flat is 5-10 cm.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the river sand covering during the preparation of the tidal flat is 6-8 cm.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sowing rate of the stolons is 0.7-1.5 kg / m². 2 .

[0027] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the sowing rate of the stolons is 1.0-1.5 kg / m².2 .

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the river sand in the covering sand consists of 80wt%-100wt% fine sand and 0-20wt% medium sand.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the river sand in the covering sand is fine sand.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the covering thickness of the river sand is 1.5-2.5 cm.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the covering thickness of the river sand is 1.5-2.0 cm.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the watering in the management includes: watering immediately after compaction, the initial watering should be carried out to completely wet the river sand layer but without water accumulation on the surface; watering should be carried out daily for the next 2-3 weeks to keep the surface layer 4-6cm moist; watering should be carried out 2-3 times a week until the turf is established.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the turfgrass is selected from at least one of the genera Bermuda grass, Zoysia grass, and Buffalo grass.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the turfgrass includes Zoysia japonica 'Lanyin III'.

[0035] The basic principles of this invention are explained as follows:

[0036] The main reasons for the slow establishment speed of turfgrass runners in traditional establishment methods include slow budding of the runners themselves, weak root systems, insufficient germination ability, and an imbalance in the water retention / aeration of the turf bed environment, which is not conducive to rapid growth. The method provided by this invention specifically addresses these two major problems to improve the speed of turfgrass runner establishment, specifically including:

[0037] 1) Each node of a turfgrass runner contains axillary bud primordia and root primordia. Axillary buds (lateral buds) contain meristematic tissue and can develop into new shoots. Root primordia can differentiate into adventitious roots after being stimulated by hormones (plant growth regulators). Therefore, this invention selects runners with 2-5 nodes. Compared with a single node, the number of activatable axillary buds / root primordia increases, directly improving the density of potential germination sites per unit runner. Runners with 2-5 nodes can store more nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, etc.) to support the simultaneous germination of more axillary buds. At the same time, controlling the length of the runner to be less than or equal to 10cm can avoid the runners being too long and affecting the flatness of the turf after establishment.

[0038] 2) The stolons were pretreated by soaking in a nutrient solution containing plant growth regulators (indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid). Indolebutyric acid (IBA) can strongly induce the formation of adventitious roots, activate the differentiation of root primordia cells at the stem nodes, and significantly increase the number and length of roots. Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) can promote cell division and vascular bundle development, accelerate the axillary buds to break dormancy, shorten the sprouting time of new branches, and enhance nutrient transport efficiency. Indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid act on the roots and stem buds of the stolons, respectively. Through their synergistic effect, a breakthrough in both root vitality and the number of branches can be achieved, solving the problems of slow sprouting, weak root system, and insufficient sprouting ability of the stolons.

[0039] 3) In the preparation of the turf bed, medium sand can improve aeration and drainage and prevent compaction. However, a turf bed composed of pure medium sand has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is relatively loose and not resistant to trampling. It is also not conducive to the anchoring of the turf roots. Therefore, a mixed base bed of medium sand (mass ratio ≥70%) and fine sand is used. The medium sand is dominant, which can optimize the pore structure of the turf bed. The fine sand is used as a supplement to enhance water retention and root anchoring force. The turf bed has high total porosity, a reasonable ratio of large and small pores, stable structure, and has drainage, aeration and water retention functions, which is conducive to the growth of the stolon after sprouting.

[0040] 4) When covering with sand, use fine sand as the main material. Fine sand has high fluidity and can fully fill the gaps between the stolons and make close contact with the stolons, thereby keeping the buds and stem nodes moist and promoting the sprouting of new branches and the formation and growth of new roots.

[0041] 5) During management, compaction ensures that the stolons are in close contact with the sandy soil, and watering in stages allows for precise moisture control, preventing root rot or drying out and improving the growth quality of the stolons.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] The present invention provides a method for improving the speed of turfgrass runner establishment. This method increases the density of potential germination sites per runner by selecting runners with 2-5 nodes. It addresses the problems of slow germination, weak root systems, and insufficient germination capacity of runners by pre-treating them with a nutrient solution containing plant growth regulators. Furthermore, it solves the problems of water retention and aeration of the planting substrate by optimizing the physical structure of the turf bed. The synergistic effect of hormone pretreatment and graded sand bed enhances the germination and root vitality of turfgrass runners, accelerating turf establishment. A basic turf can be established in 25-30 days, a significant improvement over existing technologies (approximately 40 days). Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a potted experimental photograph of the stolons of Zoysia japonica 'Lanyin III' in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 2This is a potted experimental photograph of the stolon of Zoysia japonica 'Lanyin III' in Comparative Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents, or apparatus used in the embodiments and comparative examples are all available from conventional commercial sources or can be obtained by existing technical methods. Unless otherwise specified, the test or experimental methods are conventional methods in the art.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for improving the speed of lawn establishment using turfgrass runners, the steps of which are as follows:

[0049] Pretreatment of stolons: Select healthy and vigorous 'Lanyin III' Zoysia japonica stolons with 3-4 nodes and a length not exceeding 10cm. Two days before sowing, soak the stolons in Hogland nutrient solution containing 10mg / L indolebutyric acid and 5mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid for 20 hours. After soaking, drain the water and air dry until the surface is not dripping wet but not completely dry.

[0050] Preparation of the riverbed: Cover each of the three riverbeds with an 8cm thick layer of river sand and level the surface of the river sand. The river sand consists of 75wt% medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 25wt% fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm.

[0051] Sowing: The pretreated "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons were divided into three groups and sown on three separate seedbeds, with a sowing rate of 1.2 kg / m² for each group. 2 ;

[0052] Covering with sand: Cover the surface of the stolons with 1.5cm thick fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm;

[0053] Management: Use a roller to compact the runners once to ensure they adhere tightly to the sand. Water immediately afterward, ensuring the entire sand layer is soaked. Water daily for the next two weeks, keeping the top 5cm of sand moist. After that, water three times a week. New shoots will sprout from the runners within 10 days, and the turf will be established in 25-30 days.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for improving the speed of lawn establishment using turfgrass runners, the steps of which are as follows:

[0056] Pretreatment of stolons: Select healthy and vigorous stolons of "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica, with 3-4 nodes and a length not exceeding 8cm. Two days before sowing, pretreat the stolons by soaking them in a 1wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution containing 10mg / L indolebutyric acid and 5mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid for 20 hours. After soaking, drain the water and air dry until the surface is not dripping wet but not completely dry.

[0057] Preparation of the riverbed: Cover each of the three riverbeds with a 7cm thick layer of river sand and level the surface of the river sand. The river sand consists of 70wt% medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 30wt% fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm.

[0058] Sowing: The pretreated "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons were divided into three groups and sown on three separate seedbeds, with a sowing rate of 1.2 kg / m² for each group. 2 ;

[0059] Covering with sand: Cover the surface of the stolons with 2cm of fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm;

[0060] Management: Use a roller to compact the runners once to ensure they adhere tightly to the sand. Water immediately afterward, ensuring the entire sand layer is soaked. Water daily for the next two weeks, keeping the top 5cm of sand moist. After that, water three times a week. New shoots will sprout from the runners within 10 days, and the turf will be established in 25-30 days.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment investigates the effect of the number of runner nodes on the speed of turf establishment. The steps are as follows:

[0063] Pretreatment of stolons: Select healthy and vigorous "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons and divide them into 4 groups according to the number of nodes: 2 nodes, 3 nodes, 4 nodes and 5 nodes. The length of each stolon should not exceed 10cm. Two days before sowing, soak the stolons in pure water for 20 hours. After soaking, drain the water and dry them until they are no longer dripping but not completely dry.

[0064] Preparation of the riverbed: Cover each of the four riverbeds with a 7cm thick layer of river sand and level the surface of the river sand. The river sand consists of 70wt% medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 30wt% fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm.

[0065] Sowing: The four groups of pretreated "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons were sown on four seedbeds respectively, with a sowing rate of 1.2 kg / m² for each group. 2 ;

[0066] Covering with sand: Cover the surface of the stolons with 1.5cm thick fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm;

[0067] Management: Use a roller to compact the stolons once to make them adhere tightly to the sand. Then water immediately. The first watering should be sufficient to wet the entire river sand layer. Water daily for the next two weeks to keep the top 5cm of the river sand layer moist. After that, water three times a week.

[0068] All plants were removed 30 days after planting, and the number of newly sprouted branches and the number of new stolon nodes on each stolon were counted.

[0069] Table 1. Statistical results of the number of newly sprouted branches and new runner nodes 30 days after stolon planting in Example 3.

[0070] Group <![CDATA[Number of newly germinated branches (branches / m 2 )]]> Number of nodes in newly formed stolons (nodes) 2 stem nodes 96±5.5 0.23±0.43 3 stem nodes 102±8.2 0.27±0.45 4 stem nodes 110±8.4 0.37±0.57 5 stem nodes 104±7.3 0.27±0.55

[0071] Table 1 shows the statistical results of the number of newly sprouted branches and the number of new runner nodes 30 days after planting the runners in Example 3. As can be seen from Table 1, when the number of nodes is 2-4, the number of newly sprouted branches and the number of new runner nodes gradually increase with the increase of the number of nodes. However, when the number of nodes is greater than 4, the number of newly sprouted branches and the number of new runner nodes gradually decrease. When the number of nodes of the runner is 4, the number of newly sprouted branches and the number of new runner nodes 30 days after planting are significantly higher than those of other groups. This indicates that the number of runner nodes has a certain impact on the speed of turf establishment. Screening the number of runner nodes is a key step to improve the speed of turf establishment.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] This comparative example provides a method to improve the speed of lawn establishment by turfgrass runners, the steps of which are as follows:

[0074] Pretreatment of stolons: Select healthy and vigorous "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons with 3-4 nodes and a length not exceeding 10cm. Two days before sowing, soak the stolons in pure water for 20 hours. After soaking, drain the water and air dry until they are no longer dripping but not completely dry.

[0075] Preparation of the riverbed: Cover each of the three riverbeds with a 7cm thick layer of river sand and level the surface of the river sand. The river sand consists of 70wt% medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm and 30wt% fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm.

[0076] Sowing: The pretreated "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons were divided into three groups and sown on three separate seedbeds, with a sowing rate of 1.2 kg / m² for each group. 2 ;

[0077] Covering with sand: Cover the surface of the stolons with 1.5cm thick fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25mm;

[0078] Management: Use a roller to compact the runners once to ensure they are in close contact with the sand. Then water immediately. The first watering should be sufficient to wet the entire sand layer. Water daily for the next two weeks, keeping the top 5cm of the sand layer moist. After that, water three times a week until the turf is established.

[0079] Figure 1 This is a potted experimental photograph of the runners of "Lan Yin III" Zoysia japonica in Example 1. Figure 2 The images show potted experimental photos of the runners of *Zoysia japonica* 'Lan Yin III' variety, used in Comparative Example 1. The runners in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were planted at the same time, and the photos were taken at the same time. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the growth of the 'Lanyin III' Zoysia japonica stolons in Example 1 was significantly better than that in Comparative Example 1, indicating that pretreatment of the stolons with a nutrient solution containing indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid is beneficial to improving the germination ability of the stolons and accelerating their turf establishment.

[0080] In Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1, when the "Lanyin III" Zoysia japonica stolons were planted for 30 days, all plants were removed, the number of newly sprouted branches and leaf length were counted, and root activity was measured (using the naphthylamine colorimetric method).

[0081] Table 2. Number of newly sprouted branches and leaf length 30 days after stolon planting in Examples 1, 2, and Comparative Example 1.

[0082] Group <![CDATA[Number of newly germinated branches (branches / m 2 )]]> Leaf length (cm) Comparative Example 1 127±6.3 4.2±0.22 Example 1 156±9.4 4.4±0.26 Example 2 149±6.9 4.5±0.17

[0083] Table 3 shows the root activity of stolons 30 days after planting in Examples 1, 2, and Comparative Example 1.

[0084] Group Root activity (μg / h / g) Comparative Example 1 135.4±12.5 Example 1 145.6±10.2 Example 2 152.3±14.7

[0085] Table 2 shows the number of newly sprouted branches and leaf length of the stolons 30 days after planting in Examples 1, 2, and Comparative Example 1. Table 3 shows the root activity of the stolons 30 days after planting in Examples 1, 2, and Comparative Example 1. As can be seen from Tables 2 and 3, after soaking the stolons in a nutrient solution containing indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in Examples 1 and 2, the number of newly sprouted branches, leaf length, and root activity of the stolons 30 days after planting were significantly higher than those in Comparative Example 1. This indicates that indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid have a synergistic effect in promoting stolon budding and enhancing stolon root activity.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the speed of turf establishment by runners, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pretreatment of stolons: Select stolons with 2-5 nodes and soak them in a nutrient solution containing plant growth regulators; Plain preparation: Cover the surface of the plain with river sand and level it; Sowing: Sow the pretreated stolons on the seedbed; Sand covering: Cover the surface of the stolons with river sand; Management: Press down and water until the turf is established; The plant growth regulators include at least one of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid; The river sand is selected from at least one of medium sand with a particle size of 0.25-0.5 mm and fine sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm. In the preparation of the slab bed, the mass ratio of medium sand is ≥70%; in the covering sand, the mass ratio of fine sand is ≥80%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant growth regulators are indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid; The nutrient solution contains 8-12 mg / L of indolebutyric acid and 3-7 mg / L of naphthaleneacetic acid.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nutrient solution is selected from Hoagland nutrient solution or 0.5wt%-1wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soaking time is 18-24 hours.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the tidal flat, the river sand consists of 70wt%-90wt% medium sand and 10wt%-30wt% fine sand.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the preparation of the tidal flat, the thickness of the river sand covering is 5-10 cm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing rate of the stolons is 0.7-1.5 kg / m². 2 .

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The river sand in the covering sand consists of 80wt%-100wt% fine sand and 0-20wt% medium sand.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the sand covering, the thickness of the river sand covering is 1.5-2.5cm.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The turfgrass is selected from at least one of the genera Bermuda grass, Zoysia grass, and Buffalo grass.

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