A method and system for controlling sewage treatment based on artificial wetlands

Abstract

The application relates to the sewage treatment field, in particular to a sewage treatment regulation and control method and system based on an artificial wetland; the method comprises the following steps: in the process of monitoring the sewage treatment of the artificial wetland, if it is determined according to monitoring data transmitted by a plurality of sensors that the sewage treatment process of the artificial wetland needs to be regulated and controlled, a regulation and control strategy is determined according to the monitoring data; wherein the regulation and control strategy comprises one or more of the following: aeration of a nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, adjustment of a drainage operation of the sewage to be treated into the physical filler layer and adjustment of the planting density of plants in the physical filler layer and / or the target water area; the sewage treatment process of the artificial wetland is regulated and controlled according to the regulation and control strategy; and the application can solve the technical problem of low treatment quality of the sewage treatment of the existing artificial wetland.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a sewage treatment regulation method and system based on artificial wetlands. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of ecology, an artificial wetland is an ecological system constructed by simulating a natural wetland.

[0003] In actual operation, an artificial wetland purifies water quality through the cooperation of fillers and vegetation; the artificial wetland can be designed in layers based on fillers such as gravel, sandy soil, and modified ceramic particles, and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies can be removed through physical interception, adsorption, and microbial action; the artificial wetland can also be configured based on emergent plants such as cattails and submerged plants such as pondweed, and the oxygen transported by the plant roots can promote the degradation of organic matter by aerobic bacteria, and the stems and leaves can absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus to improve water quality.

[0004] In actual application, the process of denitrification and phosphorus removal by an artificial wetland relies too much on the absorption of microorganisms and plants, but as living organisms, the absorption of microorganisms and plants is limited, resulting in low treatment quality of the existing artificial wetland sewage treatment. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a sewage treatment regulation method and system based on artificial wetlands to solve the technical problem of low treatment quality of the existing artificial wetland sewage treatment.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a sewage treatment regulation method based on artificial wetlands, applied to a sewage treatment regulation system based on artificial wetlands; the artificial wetland includes: physical filler layers, denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layers, and water collection filler layers stacked in order from top to bottom; the physical filler layers are used to receive sewage to be treated, the water collection filler layers are in communication with a target water area, and are used to deliver the treated water flow to the target water area; plants are planted in the physical filler layers and the target water area; the system includes a plurality of sensors arranged in the artificial wetland; the method includes:

[0007] During monitoring of the sewage treatment process of the artificial wetland, if it is determined according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors that the sewage treatment process of the artificial wetland needs to be regulated, a regulation strategy is determined according to the monitoring data;

[0008] The regulation strategy includes one or more of aeration of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layers, adjustment of a drainage operation of discharging the sewage to be treated into the physical filler layers, and adjustment of the planting density of plants in the physical filler layers and / or the target water area.

[0009] According to the regulation strategy, the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland is regulated.

[0010] In a second aspect, the application provides a wastewater treatment regulation system based on an artificial wetland, the artificial wetland comprising: a physical filler layer, a denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layer, and a water collection filler layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the physical filler layer is used for receiving wastewater to be treated, the water collection filler layer is in communication with a target water area and is used for delivering the treated water flow to the target water area; plants are planted in the physical filler layer and the target water area; the system comprises a plurality of sensors and a control device arranged in the artificial wetland.

[0011] The control device is configured to, in the process of monitoring the wastewater treatment of the artificial wetland, if it is determined according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors that the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland needs to be regulated, determine a regulation strategy according to the monitoring data.

[0012] The regulation strategy comprises one or more of aeration of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, adjustment of a drainage operation of discharging the wastewater to be treated into the physical filler layer, and adjustment of the planting density of plants in the physical filler layer and / or the target water area.

[0013] The control device is further configured to regulate the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland according to the regulation strategy.

[0014] Advantages:

[0015] The application constructs an artificial wetland comprising a physical filler layer, a denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layer, and a water collection filler layer, so that the artificial wetland realizes photocatalytic degradation, denitrification, and chemical precipitation, etc., to realize wastewater treatment. The application also automatically determines a regulation strategy based on a wastewater treatment regulation system based on an artificial wetland according to monitoring data, which is used to regulate the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland, so as to improve the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the artificial wetland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the application. The following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment regulation system based on an artificial wetland provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0018] Figure 2A structural schematic diagram of an artificial wetland and a target water area provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A flowchart of a sewage treatment regulation method based on an artificial wetland provided for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In the prior art, an artificial wetland is an ecological system constructed by simulating a natural wetland outside a polluted water area. When the sewage to be treated in the polluted water area is discharged into the artificial wetland, the artificial wetland purifies the water body by using plants, microorganisms, and substrates in cooperation, and has the functions of water quality improvement, ecological restoration, and water resource regulation. Artificial wetland management has an important influence on improving water purification efficiency, optimizing resource utilization, and ensuring flood control and drought resistance. The core of artificial wetland management lies in dynamic water distribution, ensuring ecological balance, water purification, and flood control and drought resistance in cooperation, improving resource efficiency, and responding to environmental mutations.

[0021] In actual application, the artificial wetland usually purifies water quality by filler layer and vegetation in cooperation; among them, the filler layer such as gravel, sandy soil, and modified ceramsite removes pollutants through physical interception, adsorption, and microbial action; the vegetation such as emergent plants and submerged plants uses root oxygen transport to promote aerobic bacteria to degrade organic matter, and stems and leaves absorb nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0022] In actual operation, although the above artificial wetland can treat the sewage to be treated to obtain water flow with improved water quality, it still has the following problems:

[0023] First, the filler layer often uses a single substrate such as zeolite or steel slag, which has adsorption but is easy to be blocked by suspended solids accumulation and the layered structure is easy to cause uneven distribution of dissolved oxygen, resulting in limited denitrification efficiency; second, the denitrification and phosphorus removal function of the artificial wetland depends on microorganisms and plant absorption, and the treatment capacity for high-concentration wastewater is insufficient, such as the TP (Total Phosphorus) removal rate is only 70%-80%; third, the existing artificial wetland relies on artificial intervention, and aeration enhancement improves denitrification efficiency, but has high energy consumption and the pipeline is easy to be blocked; fourth, the imbalance of plant configuration ratio (such as the imbalance of emergent and submerged plants) easily leads to insufficient oxygen transport or algae breeding.

[0024] In order to solve the above technical problems, as shown in Figure 1 Figure 1 ​The structural schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment regulation and control system based on the artificial wetland provided by the embodiment of the present application is used for regulating and controlling the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland 200, so as to improve the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the artificial wetland 200. The wastewater treatment regulation and control system based on the artificial wetland 100 comprises a control device 110, a sensor 120, an air valve 130 and a water valve 140. The control device 110 is used for determining whether the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland 200 needs to be regulated and controlled according to the monitoring data of the artificial wetland 200 by the sensor 120, and the regulation and control strategy that should be adopted if it is determined that the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland 200 needs to be regulated and controlled.

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] Firstly, the present application provides a wastewater treatment regulation and control method based on an artificial wetland, which is applied to a wastewater treatment regulation and control system 100 based on an artificial wetland. As shown in Figure 2 , the wastewater treatment regulation and control method based on the artificial wetland comprises the following steps. Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the artificial wetland and the target water area provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. The artificial wetland 200 comprises a physical filler layer 210, a denitrification filler layer 220, a phosphorus removal filler layer 230 (the denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layer is the combination of the denitrification filler layer 220 and the phosphorus removal filler layer 230) and a water collection filler layer 240, which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The physical filler layer 210 is used for receiving wastewater to be treated. The water collection filler layer 240 is in communication with the target water area 300 and is used for delivering the treated water flow to the target water area 300. The physical filler layer 210 is planted with emergent plants 250. The target water area 300 is planted with submerged plants 310. Figure 3 , the wastewater treatment regulation and control method based on the artificial wetland comprises the following steps. Figure 3 The flowchart of the wastewater treatment regulation and control method based on the artificial wetland provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. The method comprises the following steps.

[0027] S100: In the process of monitoring the wastewater treatment of the artificial wetland, if it is determined that the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland needs to be regulated and controlled according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors, the regulation and control strategy is determined according to the monitoring data.

[0028] The regulation and control strategy comprises one or more of the following: aeration of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, adjustment of the drainage operation of the wastewater to be treated into the physical filler layer and adjustment of the planting density of the plants in the physical filler layer and / or the target water area.

[0029] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the sensor 200 in the constructed wetland-based sewage treatment regulation system 100 is used to monitor the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland 200 in real time. If the constructed wetland-based sewage treatment regulation system 100 determines that the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland 200 needs to be regulated based on the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors 120, the constructed wetland-based sewage treatment regulation system 100 determines a regulation strategy based on the monitoring data, so that the quality and effect of the sewage treatment of the regulated sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland 200 are improved compared with the unregulated sewage treatment process.

[0030] In actual operation, the regulation strategy includes one or more of aerating the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, adjusting the drainage operation of discharging the sewage to be treated into the physical filler layer 210, and adjusting the planting density of the plants in the physical filler layer 210 and / or the target water area 300.

[0031] In actual operation, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer includes a nitrogen removal filler layer 220 and a phosphorus removal filler layer 230; before S100, the method further includes steps (1) to (6), which are as follows:

[0032] Step (1): In the area of the contaminated water area, the target construction area of the constructed wetland is demarcated.

[0033] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the constructed wetland 200 is an ecological system constructed outside the contaminated water area for sewage treatment, so it is necessary to determine the target construction area of the constructed wetland 200 in the area outside the contaminated water area, for constructing the constructed wetland 200 in the target construction area.

[0034] Step (2): A gravel layer with a first predetermined thickness is laid at the bottom of the target construction area, and a water outlet pipe for communicating with the target water area is buried in the gravel layer to obtain a water collection filler layer.

[0035] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the process of constructing the constructed wetland 200 in the target construction area is a process of continuously laying each filler layer in the target construction area; wherein the filler layer laid in step (2) is the water collection filler layer 240.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the filler in the water collection filler layer 240 is gravel with a particle size of 20-30 mm, and the thickness of the gravel layer is 20-30 cm (i.e., the first preset thickness). The water collection filler layer 240 is used to collect the water body treated by the physical filler layer 210, the denitrification filler layer 220, and the phosphorus removal filler layer 230 and deliver the treated water body to the target water area 300. In order to deliver the treated water body to the target water area 300, a porous water outlet pipe is buried in the water collection filler layer 240 to deliver the treated water body to the target water area 300 through the buried porous water outlet pipe.

[0037] During the laying of the water collection filler layer 240, the wetland base of the target construction area is first cleaned to ensure a flat surface without sharp objects, and then the gravel layer is uniformly laid in the wetland base with a thickness error controlled within ±1 cm. Artificial or mechanical compaction is performed to ensure that the porosity of the gravel layer is ≤35% to form a stable water guide channel.

[0038] Step (3): A phosphorus removal particle layer with a second preset thickness is laid on the top of the water collection filler layer to obtain a phosphorus removal filler layer.

[0039] The phosphorus removal particles are obtained by mixing calcium-based bentonite and steel slag at a first preset mass ratio.

[0040] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the filler layer laid in step (3) is the phosphorus removal filler layer 230. The filler in the phosphorus removal filler layer 230 is phosphorus removal particles, which are formed particles with a particle size of 1-3 mm obtained by mixing calcium-based bentonite and steel slag at a mass ratio of 2:1 (i.e., the first preset mass ratio).

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the step of preparing the phosphorus removal particles includes steps (3.1)-(3.4), as shown below:

[0042] Step (3.1): Obtain calcium-based bentonite: Select calcium-based bentonite with a Ca 2+ content of ≥5%, crush and sieve to a particle size of ≤0.5 mm, soak in a 10% NaCl solution for 2 hours (ion exchange enhances Ca 2+ activity), rinse with water to neutral, and dry at 80°C for standby.

[0043] Step (3.2): Obtain steel slag: Crush the industrial steel slag, remove metal impurities by magnetic separation, grind to a particle size of ≤0.3 mm, acid wash (5% soak for 1 hour) to remove the surface oxide layer and improve content (≥10%), and dry for standby.

[0044] Step (3.3): Prepare phosphorus removal particles:

[0045] 1) Proportioning mixing: take bentonite and steel slag by mass ratio 2:1, add 3% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as binder; 2) Mechanical mixing: use three-dimensional mixer to mix for 1 hour at a speed of 50 r / min, ensure that bentonite and steel slag are uniformly dispersed, avoid local clumping; 3) Pressing forming: put the mixed material into the mold, press forming in the hydraulic machine at a pressure of 15 MPa (particle size 1-3 mm), keep pressure for 5 minutes, form dense phosphorus removal particles.

[0046] Step (3.4): post-treatment and performance optimization:

[0047] 1) Low temperature curing: place the phosphorus removal particles in an oven, dry at 120℃ for 6 hours to enhance structural stability; 2) Surface modification: immerse in 0.5 mol / L solution for 30 minutes (supplement surface active sites), dry again to moisture content ≤5%; 3) Porosity control: control the porosity of the particles ≤30% by adjusting the pressing pressure (10-20 MPa), ensure the balance of hydraulic conductivity and phosphorus adsorption capacity.

[0048] In the process of laying the phosphorus removal filler layer 230, the phosphorus removal particles with a thickness of 20cm~40cm (i.e. the second preset thickness) are evenly laid on the catchment filler layer 240, which is laid in 3 times, and the laying thickness of each time can be 10cm; after each filling, a flat vibrator is used for compaction, and finally the phosphorus removal filler layer 230 with porosity ≤30%, compaction density ≥1.8g / cm 3 and slope deviation ≤2% is obtained.

[0049] In actual application, the in the phosphorus removal particles can adsorb phosphate, Ca 2+ can also react with to generate hydroxyapatite precipitate ( ); the phosphorus removal filler layer 230 realizes significant improvement of phosphorus removal efficiency and stability through / coordinated component design, activation-pressing-modification process innovation, and function integration of precipitation-adsorption dual mechanism.

[0050] Step (4): lay a denitrification particle layer with a third preset thickness on the top of the phosphorus removal filler layer to obtain a denitrification filler layer.

[0051] Among them, the denitrification particles are obtained by mixing pyrite particles and biochar at a second preset mass ratio.

[0052] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the filler layer laid in step (4) is a denitrification filler layer 220; the filler in the denitrification filler layer 220 is denitrification particles, and the phosphorus removal particles are shaped particles with a particle size of 3 mm to 5 mm obtained by mixing pyrite particles (main component is ) and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:3 (i.e., a second preset mass ratio).

[0053] In the embodiments of the present application, the step of preparing the denitrification particles includes steps (4.1) to (4.4), details of which are shown as follows:

[0054] Step (4.1): Obtain pyrite particles: After crushing the natural pyrite ore, screen the pyrite particles with a particle size of ≤0.5 mm, and avoid oxidation (the operation is performed under nitrogen protection): soak in 5% dilute hydrochloric acid for 30 minutes, rinse with clean water until neutral, and dry at 60°C for standby.

[0055] Step (4.2): Obtain biochar: After washing and drying the rice husk, place it in a tube furnace and pyrolyze it at 600°C under anaerobic conditions for 2 hours to obtain biochar with a specific surface area of ≥300 m2 / g. Crush and sieve the biochar to a particle size of ≤0.3 mm to improve the uniformity of mixing with the pyrite particles.

[0056] Step (4.3): Prepare denitrification particles:

[0057] 1) Proportion and mix: weigh the raw materials according to a mass ratio of 1:3 (pyrite particles: biochar), and add 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder; 2) Mechanical mixing: use a double screw mixer to stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 30 minutes to ensure that the pyrite particles are uniformly embedded in the pores of the biochar; 3) Granulation and shaping: feed the mixed material into a granulator (mold aperture 3-5 mm), and apply a pressure of 10 MPa to form denitrification particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm and a porosity of ≥25%.

[0058] Step (4.4): Post-treatment and performance enhancement:

[0059] 1) Low-temperature drying: place the particles in an oven and dry them at 105°C for 4 hours to remove moisture and solidify the structure; 2) Surface modification: immerse the particles in a 0.1 mol / L FeCl2 solution for 10 minutes (to enhance the Fe 2+ activity on the surface of the pyrite), and dry them again for standby; 3) Stability test: place the denitrification particles in a simulated wetland environment (pH=6-8, dissolved oxygen ≤1 mg / L) and run continuously for 30 days. If the oxidation rate of the denitrification particles is <5%, it can be confirmed that the denitrification particles have long-term effectiveness.

[0060] During the laying of the denitrification packing layer 220, denitrification particles with a thickness of 30cm to 50cm (i.e., the third preset thickness) are evenly laid on the phosphorus removal packing layer 230, and laid in 4 times, with each layer having a thickness of 10cm; after each laying, light pressure is applied to level the surface and maintain a natural stacking state to ensure uniform water flow distribution, so as to obtain a denitrification packing layer 220 with a porosity ≥25%.

[0061] In practical applications, the pyrite particles in the denitrification granules act as electron donors, promoting the reduction of nitrates to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria. The process of crushing and mixing, granulation and low-temperature drying is adopted. Pyrite particles and biochar are made into denitrification particles by granulator, which overcomes the defects of easy oxidation of pyrite and easy pulverization of biochar, and achieves the unity of material stability and functionality.

[0062] Step (5): On top of the denitrification packing layer, lay a fourth preset thickness of ceramic particle layer with nano-TiO2 loaded on the surface to obtain a physical packing layer.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the filler layer laid in step (5) is a physical filler layer 210; the filler in the physical filler layer 210 is a nano-loaded material on its surface. Ceramsite.

[0064] In the embodiments of this application, nanoparticles loaded on the surface are prepared. The steps for preparing expanded clay aggregate include: steps (5.1) to (5.5), as detailed below:

[0065] Step (5.1): Ceramsite screening: Select ceramsite with a particle size of 5mm~10mm, wash to remove surface impurities, and dry at 105℃ to constant weight.

[0066] Step (5.2): Preparation of tetrabutyl titanate solution: Add tetrabutyl titanate ( Mix with anhydrous ethanol at a volume ratio of 1:3 and stir for 30 minutes to form a uniform sol.

[0067] Step (5.3): Impregnation process: Immerse the pretreated ceramic particles in tetrabutyl titanate sol and ultrasonically vibrate for 30 minutes (frequency 40kHz) to ensure that the sol fully penetrates the pores of the ceramic particles; after removing the ceramic particles, let them stand for 12 hours to allow the sol to be evenly distributed on the surface of the ceramic particles and to undergo preliminary hydrolysis.

[0068] Step (5.4): Calcination to form a film:

[0069] 1) The impregnated ceramsite was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 500°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and calcined at this temperature for 2 hours; the chemical equations involved are shown below:

[0070] Decomposition of tetrabutyl titanate:

[0071] 2) nanometer Formation: anatase type at high temperature Nanocrystalline, particle size 20-50 nm, uniformly attached to the surface and pores of the ceramsite.

[0072] Step (5.5): post-treatment and performance control:

[0073] 1) Porosity optimization: by controlling the calcination temperature and time, adjusting the crystallinity and pore structure of the TiO2 coating (target porosity ≥ 40%); 2) Light activity enhancement: after calcination, the surface is activated under ultraviolet light to improve the photocatalytic degradation capacity (such as benzene series degradation efficiency increased by 30%).

[0074] During the laying of the physical filler layer 210, the modified ceramsite is uniformly laid on the denitrification filler layer 220 with a thickness of 15 cm~25 cm (i.e. the fourth preset thickness); manual raking is performed to avoid mechanical compaction, which is used to ensure that the porosity is ≥ 40% and maintain the permeability of the photocatalytic active layer; planting holes with a diameter of 10 cm are reserved on the surface layer at an interval of 1 m x 1 m for planting emergent plants.

[0075] In practical applications, the surface of the physical filler layer 210 is loaded with nanometer new modified materials, which can physically intercept suspended solids and photocatalytically degrade organic matter such as benzene series. Although the ceramsite itself is a traditional filler, a nanometer coating (porosity ≥ 40%) is formed on its surface through the immersion calcination process, which makes it have the dual functions of physically intercepting and photocatalytically degrading organic matter. The above modification operation not only changes the surface chemical properties of the ceramsite (such as introducing photocatalytic activity), but also significantly improves its anti-clogging performance and pollutant removal efficiency, which is an innovative combination of material functionalization and structure optimization. Therefore, the pore structure of the physical filler layer 210 forms a gradient filtration, preferentially intercepting coarse particles and reducing the possibility of fine particles entering the lower filler, thereby delaying the clogging process of the overall system.

[0076] Step (7): planting emergent plants on the top of the physical filler layer and planting submerged plants at the bottom of the target water area.

[0077] In this embodiment, the emergent plants planted on top of the physical filler layer 210 include at least: *Cyperus alternifolius* and *Typha orientalis*. Emergent plants have root systems that transport oxygen and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus; their root systems are 30cm-50cm deep, allowing them to penetrate the filler layer and form oxygen transport channels, activating aerobic bacteria to degrade organic matter; the stems and leaves of the emergent plants absorb oxygen from wastewater. and A single emergent plant can absorb up to 2.5g of nitrogen and 20.8g of phosphorus annually. Emergent plants are also tolerant of environmental conditions with COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) ≤500mg / L and salinity ≤0.5%.

[0078] In this embodiment of the application, the submerged plants planted at the bottom of the target water area 300 include at least Vallisneria natans; the submerged plants can inhibit algal growth (chlorophyll a decrease of 40%), and the root microenvironment promotes the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.

[0079] In practice, when constructing an artificial wetland of 200 cubic meters and creating a target water area of ​​300 cubic meters, emergent and submerged plants can be planted at a dry weight ratio of 4:1 to ensure a balance between oxygen supply and adsorption capacity; emergent plants can be planted in groups of 20-25 plants per group. Plant the submerged plants in alternating rows with a spacing of 30cm x 30cm. Near the edge of the artificial wetland (approximately 200mm), reduce the planting density of submerged plants to only 15-20 plants per row. The plant density should be adjusted to avoid excessive root growth that could affect water flow.

[0080] In practice, submerged plants can be arranged in groups of 5. The planting density should be uniform to ensure that the submerged plants are evenly distributed on the open water surface of the target water area 300; the water level of the target water area 300 is about 30cm~50cm; the target water area 300 can be a natural water area or an artificially excavated area for collecting treated water.

[0081] During the process of planting emergent plants in the physical filler layer 210, planting holes with a diameter of 10cm and a depth of 20cm are dug in the physical filler layer 210; seedlings with roots ≥15cm in length are selected and soaked in a rooting agent such as IBA at a concentration of 100mg / L for 10 minutes; after the seedlings with roots are planted into the planting holes, a bentonite-sand mixture with a volume ratio of 1:1 is backfilled and compacted to a porosity ≤25%.

[0082] In the process of planting submerged plants in the target water area 300, the submerged plants are sunk to the bottom of the target water area 300 by binding the roots of the submerged plants to the perforated ceramic anchor blocks with a weight of 200 g per block; if the water level of the target water area 300 is > 50 cm, a floating bed support should be set up to fix the submerged plants and prevent them from drifting.

[0083] In practical applications, the root system of the emergent plants penetrates the denitrification filler layer 230, transports oxygen in the air to the denitrification filler layer 230, and increases the DO (Dissolved Oxygen) of the denitrification zone to 0.5-1.0 mg / L. The submerged plants release oxygen into the target water area 300 through photosynthesis to maintain the DO in the target water area 300 at ≥ 2 mg / L to prevent anaerobic spoilage.

[0084] The emergent plants and the submerged plants in the process of treating the wastewater to be treated mainly exhibit the cooperation of nitrogen cycle and phosphorus fixation; the principle of the nitrogen cycle is “emergent plants absorbing ammonia nitrogen ( ) → denitrification of the denitrification filler layer 230 ( ) → anaerobic ammonia oxidation of the root system of the submerged plants ( ) ”; the principle of the phosphorus fixation is “chemical precipitation of the phosphorus removal filler layer → adsorption of residual phosphorus by the submerged plants (adsorption capacity 0.2 mg / g)”.

[0085] In an implementation manner, the wastewater treatment and regulation system 100 based on the artificial wetland further includes: an air valve 130 and a water valve 140; the air valve 130 is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the aeration pipe 131, and the water valve 140 is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the water inlet pipe 141; the aeration pipe 131 is used to aerate the denitrification filler layer 220 and / or the phosphorus removal filler layer 230, and the water inlet pipe 141 is used to discharge the wastewater to be treated to the top of the physical filler layer 210; the types of the sensors 120 include: an ammonia nitrogen sensor 121, a dissolved oxygen sensor 122, and a pH sensor 123; the ammonia nitrogen sensor 121 and the pH sensor 123 are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 142; the dissolved oxygen sensor 122 is arranged in the denitrification filler layer 220; S100 includes: step (8), details as shown below:

[0086] Step (8): if the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data transmitted by the ammonia nitrogen sensor is greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the real-time monitoring data transmitted by the pH sensor is less than the pH threshold value and / or the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than the first dissolved oxygen threshold value, or greater than a second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, less than a pH threshold value and less than a second dissolved oxygen threshold value, it is determined that nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer needs to be aerated by the gas valve.

[0087] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the ammonia nitrogen sensor 121 is arranged at the inner pipe wall of the water outlet pipe 142 about 50 cm away from the water outlet, for collecting the ammonia nitrogen monitoring data of the treated water body The ammonia nitrogen sensor 121 has a range of 0-100 mg / L, a data acquisition frequency of 10 minutes / time; the dissolved oxygen sensor 122 is arranged at the position of 1 / 2 of the thickness of the denitrification filler layer 220, for collecting the dissolved oxygen (DO) monitoring data in the denitrification filler layer 220, the dissolved oxygen sensor 122 has a range of 0-20 mg / L, an acquisition accuracy of ±0.2 mg / L, and a data acquisition frequency of 5 minutes / time; The sensor 123 is arranged in the water outlet pipe 142 close to the ammonia nitrogen sensor 121, for collecting the water body pH value, with a range of 0-14, an acquisition accuracy of ±0.1, and a data acquisition frequency of 5 minutes / time.

[0088] In actual operation, when the denitrification filler layer 220 is constructed, a sensor hole with a diameter of 5 cm is reserved for the dissolved oxygen sensor 122, the sensor probe is embedded in the hole, and the surrounding is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 2 mm-4 mm for buffering the impact of water flow; the cable of the dissolved oxygen sensor 122 needs to be inserted into a PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) sheath pipe and laid along the edge of the wetland to avoid ultraviolet aging and mechanical damage.

[0089] In actual application, the plurality of sensors 120 are configured with one RTU (Remote Terminal Unit), which supports Modbus protocol and is used to receive the monitoring data sent by the plurality of sensors 120; the RTU further adopts transmission modes such as LoRaWAN or NB-IoT to transmit the monitoring data to the control device 110; the control device 110 is provided with a visual interface for visually displaying (real-time or historical) ammonia nitrogen data curves, dissolved oxygen data curves and In actual operation, when it is determined according to the ammonia nitrogen data curves that the ammonia nitrogen concentration is greater than 15 mg / L, it is determined according to the dissolved oxygen data curves that the dissolved oxygen is less than 0.3 mg / L, and it is determined according to the pH data curves that the pH value is less than 6.5, the control device 110 sends a control signal to the gas valve to start the aeration of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer. <6.5, the early warning information can be generated, and the early warning information is pushed to a short message gateway such as an Aliyun short message service or an APP in a terminal device through RabbitMQ or a Kafka message queue; in addition, an alarm log can be generated, which is used for recording alarm time, parameter value, and processing state, and the like, for post-analysis.

[0090] The early warning information can prompt the staff that the treatment quality of the constructed wetland 200 for sewage treatment is already very low, and it is difficult to support subsequent sewage treatment tasks, at which time the staff can manually determine the control strategy.

[0091] In actual operation, after the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland 200 is controlled, a control effect report is generated once every 30 minutes, which is used for recording, for example, a decrease rate after aeration, a pressure drop change after pulse drainage operation; if the ammonia nitrogen monitoring data and the like after control are not as expected, the control process is started again.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, when the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data transmitted by the ammonia nitrogen sensor is greater than a first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the real-time pH monitoring data transmitted by the pH sensor is less than a pH threshold value, and / or the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a first dissolved oxygen threshold value, or the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data transmitted by the ammonia nitrogen sensor is greater than a second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the real-time pH monitoring data transmitted by the pH sensor is less than the pH threshold value, and the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a second dissolved oxygen threshold value, the control device 110 determines that aeration needs to be performed on the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, that is, the control of “aeration on the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer” is triggered.

[0093] The first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the pH threshold value, and the first dissolved oxygen threshold value can be determined according to actual needs. In actual operation, the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value can be set to 10 mg / L, which is the balance point of nitrification-denitrification when the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 10 mg / L; the pH threshold value can also be set to 7.0; and the first dissolved oxygen threshold value and the second dissolved oxygen threshold value can also be set to 0.5 mg / L and 0.3 mg / L respectively, and 0.5 mg / L of dissolved oxygen is the dividing line between chemical stability and biological activity of pyrite particles.

[0094] In one implementation manner, the types of the sensors further include a temperature sensor 124, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a chemical oxygen demand sensor, and a turbidity sensor 125, the temperature sensor 124 is arranged at the denitrification filler layer 220, the flow sensor, the pressure sensor, and the turbidity sensor 125 are arranged at the physical filler layer 210, and the chemical oxygen demand sensor is arranged at the effluent pipe 142; the S100 further includes steps (9) to (13), and details are as shown below.​

[0095] Step (9): If Greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold Less than pH threshold and / or Less than the first dissolved oxygen threshold, according to The difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the aeration rate is used to determine the first aeration rate when performing the first aeration operation on the denitrification packing layer using the aeration rate calculation formula.

[0096] The first aeration operation instruction continuously aerates the denitrification packing layer.

[0097] Specifically, in this embodiment, the turbidity sensor 125 is used to monitor suspended matter in the physical filler layer 210. The turbidity sensor 125 is located 10 cm below the surface of the physical filler layer 210 and has a measurement range of 0-100 NTU.

[0098] In this embodiment, the aeration of the denitrification packing layer 220 is divided into light aeration and heavy aeration, and the aeration volume required for different levels of aeration is different; when Ammonia nitrogen levels greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold and / or When the dissolved oxygen level is below the first dissolved oxygen threshold, only a light degree of micro-aeration is applied to the denitrification packing layer 220; when Greater than the second ammonia nitrogen threshold Less than the pH threshold and When the dissolved oxygen level is below the first dissolved oxygen threshold, the denitrification packing layer 220 is aerated to a greater extent.

[0099] In actual operation, if the control device 110 receives multiple monitoring data transmitted by multiple sensors 120 and determines... Ammonia nitrogen levels greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold and / or Less than the first dissolved oxygen threshold, i.e., according to The difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the aeration rate is used to determine the initial aeration rate for the denitrification packing layer with a lighter aeration level using the aeration rate calculation formula. The target dissolved oxygen value is the dissolved oxygen value when the wastewater treatment quality of the constructed wetland 200 is relatively high. In actual operation, the target dissolved oxygen value can be set to 0.8 mg / L.

[0100] In actual operation, if the sensor 120 in use fails, it will switch to a redundant sensor or activate a preset dissolved oxygen empirical value, such as 0.6 mg / L; if equipment affecting aeration operation, such as the air valve 130, malfunctions, an alarm will be triggered and a backup blower will be started for aeration; if If the concentration exceeds the range of 6.5 to 8.5, add a buffer such as sodium bicarbonate or dilute sulfuric acid; if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is >20 mg / L, the addition should be carried out for 2 hours.

[0101] In one implementation, the aeration amount calculation formula is as follows:

[0102] ;

[0103] ;

[0104] In the formula, represents a first coefficient, used to indicate the influence degree of the hysteresis of the water body in flow on the aeration amount; represents a second coefficient, used to eliminate the execution error when aeration is performed; represents a third coefficient, used to suppress the oscillation of the denitrification filler layer caused by the oxygen consumed by the pyrite particles.

[0105] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the above , and are determined according to experiments on the fluid dynamics characteristics of the denitrification filler layer 220 and the reaction rate of the pyrite particles.

[0106] is used to indicate the influence degree of the hysteresis (delay of about 3 min) of the water body in flow on the aeration amount, and is used when calculating the aeration amount After that, the response speed can be improved and the fluctuation of dissolved oxygen is limited to ±0.15 mg / L, avoiding excessive adjustment.

[0107] is used to eliminate the execution error when aeration is performed, such as the oxygen transfer efficiency caused by the thickening of the biofilm, which is formed on the surface of the pyrite particles when oxidation is performed, and is the result of the joint action of microbial activity and the oxidation reaction of the pyrite particles.

[0108] is used to suppress the oscillation of the denitrification filler layer caused by the oxygen consumed by the pyrite particles, such as the prediction of the DO drop slope when the ammonia nitrogen of the influent suddenly changes, to prevent collapse. In detail, if a sudden rush of wastewater with ultra-high concentration of ammonia nitrogen is detected, in order to avoid the death of a large number of microorganisms for treating wastewater due to hypoxia, and the paralysis of the whole artificial wetland, oxygen is immediately injected into the water, and the oxygen level is forcibly raised to ensure that the treatment process can proceed normally and will not 'collapse'.

[0109] Step (10): If is greater than the second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, is less than the pH threshold value and is less than the second dissolved oxygen threshold value, the second aeration amount for the second aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer is determined by the aeration amount calculation formula according to the difference between and the target dissolved oxygen value.

[0110] wherein the second aeration operation indicates to perform a continuous aeration on the denitrification filler layer; and the gas-water ratio during the second aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer is 1:3.

[0111] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, if the control device 110 receives the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors 120 and judges that the ammonia nitrogen value is greater than the second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the dissolved oxygen value is less than the second dissolved oxygen threshold value, and the pH value is less than the pH threshold value, i.e., according to the difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the dissolved oxygen value, the second aeration amount of the lighter aeration on the denitrification filler layer is determined by the aeration amount calculation formula.

[0112] In actual operation, when the second aeration amount is calculated, i.e., based on the second aeration amount and the gas-water ratio 1:3 (1 air / 3 water) to perform the second aeration operation; in the prior art, the gas-water ratio of conventional aeration is usually 5:1~15:1, such as the gas-water ratio adopted in the activated sludge method, which is within the range, but the gas-water ratio in the above range has two problems; wherein the first is excessive aeration, when excessive aeration leads to dissolved oxygen > 2mg / L, it will inhibit denitrifying bacteria and reduce the denitrification efficiency of the denitrification filler layer 220, in addition, it will also waste energy consumption; the second is to flush the filler, a higher gas-water ratio will cause the biofilm on the surface of the pyrite particles to fall off.

[0113] Step (11): determining the real-time hydraulic load based on the real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor.

[0114] Step (12): determining the real-time pressure drop based on the real-time pressure monitoring data transmitted by the pressure sensor.

[0115] Step (13): determining the aeration duration for performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation by the aeration duration prediction model based on , , the real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor , the real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor , , the real-time temperature monitoring data collected by the temperature sensor , the current season information, the first aeration amount or the second aeration amount.

[0116] wherein the current season information indicates the season at the current time. ​

[0117] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to determine the accurate aeration time and avoid the manual error caused by manually determining the aeration time, the embodiment of the present application realizes the accurate prediction of the aeration time by training a neural network model.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, the input data of the neural network model for predicting the aeration time, i.e., the aeration time prediction model, includes nine data of real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data , real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data , real-time monitoring data , real-time turbidity monitoring data , real-time flow monitoring data , real-time hydraulic load , real-time pressure drop , real-time temperature monitoring data and current season information, and one data of the first aeration amount or the second aeration amount, so the number of input data input to the aeration time prediction model is 10.

[0119] In the above input data, , , , , , and , etc. seven real-time monitoring data are data that can affect the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 (such as , and ) or reflect the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 (such as , , , ), and the purpose of the present application to predict the accurate aeration time is to expect that the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 meets the expectation under the regulation of the aeration operation corresponding to the aeration time, so the above seven real-time monitoring data that can affect the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 or reflect the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 can be used as the input data of the aeration time prediction model. As for and the current season information, the reason why they need to be used as the input data of the aeration time prediction model is that the activity of the emergent plants, the submerged plants and the microorganisms in the constructed wetland 200 is different in different seasons and / or temperatures, so the influence of the seasons and the temperature on the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the constructed wetland 200 must be considered, and therefore and the current season information also need to be used as the input data of the aeration time prediction model.

[0120] In actual operation, the content and quantity of the input data input to the neural network model can also be adjusted, which can be determined according to the samples when the neural network is trained; the network structure of the aeration time length prediction model can be determined according to actual needs, and in actual operation, the aeration time length prediction model can be a random forest model; if the network structure of the aeration time length prediction model is a random forest model, its training process is as follows:

[0121] The number of decision trees (n_estimators): usually set to 100-500, balance the calculation efficiency and model accuracy. The maximum depth (max_depth): limit the complexity of a single tree to prevent overfitting (such as set to 10-20).

[0122] 1) Random forest parameter initialization: feature sampling ratio (max_features): randomly select a subset of features for each tree (such as n, n is the total number of features).

[0123] 2) Data set division: divide the training set (70%), validation set (15%), and test set (15%) in chronological order to avoid future information leakage.

[0124] 3) Model training: input training set data, generate multiple decision trees through Bagging (bootstrap sampling), and train each tree based on a random subset and random features. Single tree splitting standard: use Gini coefficient (classification) or mean square error (regression).

[0125] When the training of the aeration time length prediction model is completed, the input data can be input into the aeration time length prediction model, and each tree in the aeration time length prediction model can perform parallel prediction on the input data to obtain a prediction result.

[0126] It should be noted that if the aeration time length prediction model is a high-performance big data model, at least one additional prompt information can be added to the input data, such as a denitrification rate correction coefficient at low temperature in winter, which can make the big data model more clearly about the relevant information of the artificial wetland 200 in treating wastewater.

[0127] In actual operation, the samples for training the aeration time length prediction model are the historical ammonia nitrogen monitoring data, historical dissolved oxygen monitoring data, historical monitoring data, historical turbidity monitoring data, historical flow monitoring data, historical hydraulic load, historical pressure drop, historical temperature monitoring data, and historical seasonal information, historical first aeration amount or historical second aeration amount, and historical aeration time length of the artificial wetland.

[0128] In practice, because the monitoring data collected by sensor 120 is instantaneous, it is likely to contain errors. Therefore, multiple real-time monitoring data points input into the aeration duration prediction model need to be preprocessed before being used as input data. The preprocessing includes weighted average denoising and sliding window averaging denoising, as detailed below:

[0129] 1) Weighted average method:

[0130] The weighted average method is used to smooth data sequences by assigning different weights to data points. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0131] ; ; ;

[0132] in, This represents the first element in the smoothed target data sequence. The data point is a value of a data point, and the data sequence is a sequence containing multiple data points. The data point is real-time monitoring data at a certain moment. Represents the first element in the original data sequence. The value of each data point; This represents the weighting coefficient, indicating the importance of each data point within the window (weights are usually allocated based on the distance between the data point and the center point; the closer the distance, the greater the weight). It is a temporary counter used to iterate over the offsets of all data points within the sliding window; The radius of the sliding window determines the window size, and the total window size is... That is, including the current point and the points before and after it. One data point; This represents the weighted sum of each data point within the window after multiplying it by its weight. This is the sum of all weights within the window, used for normalization to ensure that the smoothed data amplitude is consistent with the original data. This represents the distribution width of the weights, controlling the rate at which the weights decay with distance; normalizing the sum of the weights to 1 is to avoid amplitude distortion.

[0133] In practice, the window may not be able to completely cover the boundaries of the data sequence (such as the beginning or end). Each data point is filled using a mirror image, which expands the boundary data using a mirror image.

[0134] 2) Sliding window averaging method for noise reduction:

[0135] For each data point in the original data sequence Take the parts before and after. Data points, total Data points; calculate the above The average value of each data point is the value of the corresponding point in the smoothed data sequence. The sliding window averaging method can effectively smooth the data sequence and reduce the impact of noise.

[0136] ;

[0137] in, This represents the first element in the smoothed target data sequence. The data point is a value of a data point, and the data sequence is a sequence containing multiple data points. The data point is real-time monitoring data at a certain moment. Represents the first element in the original data sequence. The value of each data point; This represents the radius of the sliding window. This determines the window size; the total window size is... That is, including the current point and the points before and after it. One data point; This indicates that the values ​​of all points within the window are summed.

[0138] In one implementation, S100 further includes step (14), as detailed below:

[0139] Step (14): If Greater than the hydraulic load threshold or Greater than the voltage drop threshold, and / or Greater than the chemical oxygen demand threshold and If the turbidity exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the drainage operation needs to be adjusted via the water valve.

[0140] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, when Greater than the hydraulic load threshold or Greater than the voltage drop threshold, and / or Greater than the chemical oxygen demand threshold and If the turbidity exceeds the threshold, control device 110 determines that the drainage operation needs to be adjusted via the water valve.

[0141] The hydraulic load threshold, pressure drop threshold, chemical oxygen demand threshold, and turbidity threshold can be determined according to actual needs. In practice, the hydraulic load threshold can be set to 0.5. / ( ·d), the pressure drop threshold can be set to 10 kPa, the chemical oxygen demand threshold can be set to 500 mg / L, and the turbidity threshold can be set to 50 NTU.

[0142] In one implementation, S100 further includes steps (15) to (16), as detailed below:

[0143] Step (15): According to Determine the pulse flow rate when adjusting the drainage operation to pulse drainage operation.

[0144] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the drainage operation of discharging the wastewater to be treated into the physical filler layer 210 is usually continuous drainage, which is used to enable the constructed wetland 200 to continuously treat the wastewater to be treated.

[0145] In the embodiments of this application, if At 0.25 / ( ·d)~0.5 / ( Between ·d), the pulse flow rate of a single drainage operation in pulse drainage is determined to be 80% of the drainage flow rate during continuous drainage; if >0.5 / ( •d) The pulse flow rate of a single drainage in the pulse drainage operation is set to 120% of the drainage flow rate during continuous drainage. At this time, the water outage time is shortened to 15 minutes. For example, if the original treatment cycle is 1 hour, the water inlet time is 40 minutes and the water outage time is 20 minutes, the water inlet time can now be increased to 45 minutes and the water outage time can be shortened to 15 minutes, thereby increasing the treatment load of the constructed wetland.

[0146] Step (16): According to , , Real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor Real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by flow sensors , , Real-time temperature monitoring data collected by temperature sensors Based on current seasonal information and pulse flow rate, the pulse cycle of pulsed drainage is determined using a pulse intensity prediction model.

[0147] The pulse cycle indicates that the wastewater to be treated is discharged into the physical packing layer every third preset time interval.

[0148] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, in order to determine the accurate pulse period and avoid the human error caused by manually determining the pulse period, this embodiment of the application achieves accurate prediction of the pulse period by training a neural network model.

[0149] In this embodiment of the application, the input data for the neural network model used to predict the pulse period, i.e., the aeration duration prediction model, includes: real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data. Real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data ,real time monitoring data real-time turbidity monitoring data real-time flow monitoring data real-time hydraulic load real-time pressure drop real-time temperature monitoring data and current season information, in addition to 1 data of pulse flow, so the number of input data of the pulse cycle prediction model is 10.

[0150] In actual operation, the input data of the pulse cycle prediction model can only include real-time flow monitoring data real-time hydraulic load and real-time pressure drop and other real-time monitoring data, thereby reducing the workload of model training; the content composition of the training sample of the pulse cycle prediction model can refer to the content composition of the training sample of the aeration duration prediction model mentioned above, which will not be described here.

[0151] In an implementation manner, the method further includes: step (17), S100 further includes: step (18) to step (19), details as follows:

[0152] Step (17): In the process of monitoring the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland, the coverage of the submerged plant in the target water area is obtained, and the chlorophyll content of the submerged plant is collected.

[0153] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the image or video of the submerged plant in the target water area can be collected by the video acquisition device, and then the coverage of the submerged plant in the target water area can be determined according to the image or video; the chlorophyll content of the submerged plant can be analyzed by multispectral imaging.

[0154] Step (18): If is less than the third dissolved oxygen threshold value, it is determined that the first target planting density of the emergent plant in the physical filler layer needs to be adjusted.

[0155] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, when is between 1.5 mg / L and 2.0 mg / L, it is considered that is a desired value, so if is less than 1.5 mg / L (i.e., the third dissolved oxygen threshold value), it is determined that the first target planting density of the emergent plant in the physical filler layer needs to be adjusted, such as the planting density of the emergent plant is supplemented to 25 plants .

[0156] In actual operation, if Less than 1.5 mg / L, and auxiliary aeration can also be started, limited to the root zone, so as to avoid oxygen diffusion to the downstream to destroy the aerobic-anaerobic balance of the submerged plants.

[0157] Step (19): If the coverage rate is less than the coverage rate threshold and / or the chlorophyll content is less than the chlorophyll threshold, it is determined that the second target planting density of the submerged plants in the target water area needs to be adjusted.

[0158] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, if the coverage rate is less than 60% (i.e., the coverage rate threshold) and / or the chlorophyll content is less than the chlorophyll threshold, it is determined that the second target planting density of the submerged plants in the target water area needs to be adjusted; wherein the chlorophyll content can be determined according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present application.

[0159] S200: According to the control strategy, the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland is controlled.

[0160] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, when the control strategy is determined, the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland can be controlled according to the control strategy to improve the treatment quality of the constructed wetland 200 for treating wastewater.

[0161] In one implementation, after S200, the method further includes step (20), as shown below:

[0162] Step (20): If Less than the third ammonia nitrogen threshold, stop performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation, and perform the third aeration operation at a preset interval time length.

[0163] Wherein, To prevent The collected real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data at the collection time after the collection time corresponding to the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation; the third aeration operation is an operation of aeration for a second preset time length every interval of a first preset time length.

[0164] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, after performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation, if the latest collected Less than 5 mg / L (i.e., the third ammonia nitrogen threshold), stop performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation, and perform the third aeration operation at a preset interval time length; wherein, To prevent The collected real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data at the collection time after the collection time corresponding to the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation; the third aeration operation is an operation of aeration for 10 minutes (i.e., the second preset time length) every interval of 20 minutes (i.e., the first preset time length), and the aeration operation is realized by using a fan in combination with a microporous aeration pipe with a pore size of 0.2 mm to ensure that the oxygen mass transfer efficiency is ≥80%.

[0165] In summary, the embodiment of the present application constructs the artificial wetland 200 including the physical filler layer 210, the denitrification filler layer 220, the phosphorus removal filler layer 230, and the water collection filler layer 240, so that the artificial wetland 200 realizes the effects of photocatalytic degradation, denitrification, and chemical precipitation, to realize wastewater treatment; the embodiment of the present application also automatically determines the control strategy based on the monitoring data by the wastewater treatment control system based on the artificial wetland, to control the wastewater treatment process of the artificial wetland 200, to improve the treatment quality of the wastewater treatment of the artificial wetland 200.

[0166] According to actual experience, after implementing the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the removal rates of COD, TN (Total Nitrogen), and TP can reach 92%, 85%, and 94%, respectively, the aeration energy consumption is reduced by 30%-40%, the operating cost is reduced by 40%, the anti-clogging performance is improved, and the maintenance cycle is extended to 12 months, so the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is suitable for high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus wastewater and complex industrial scenes.

[0167] Now, the technical effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application are demonstrated by taking Example One.

[0168] Example One: Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment

[0169] 1) Design Parameters

[0170] Treatment Scale: 50 / d.

[0171] Wetland Size: 20 m long x 10 m wide x 1.2 m deep.

[0172] Hydraulic Load: 0.25 / ( ·d).

[0173] Total Filler Layer Thickness: 90 cm (20 cm of Anti-clogging Layer + 40 cm of Denitrification Layer + 30 cm of Phosphorus Removal Layer).

[0174] 2) Operation Process

[0175] Pretreatment: The wastewater is removed of large-particle impurities through a grid (pore size 5 mm) and enters the equalization tank for homogenization.

[0176] Lifting Pumping: The wastewater to be treated is delivered to the artificial wetland 200 through a water valve (power 1.5 kW), and the flow control is 2.08 / h.

[0177] Layered purification: Wastewater flows sequentially through physical packing layer 210 (retention time 6 hours), denitrification packing layer 220 (retention time 24 hours), and phosphorus removal packing layer 230 (retention time 18 hours). The aeration valve automatically opens and closes based on ammonia nitrogen monitoring data, with an average daily aeration time of 4 hours.

[0178] Water disinfection: 300 cubic meters of effluent from the target water area is disinfected using a UV disinfection module (wavelength 254 nm, dose 40 mJ / L). After processing, it can be reused for farmland irrigation.

[0179] 3) Effect Verification

[0180] Table 1 Comparison of influent and effluent water quality

[0181]

[0182] Anti-clogging performance: After 6 months of continuous operation, the hydraulic conductivity decreased from the initial 0.8m / d to 0.74m / d (a decrease of 8%).

[0183] Second, this application provides a wastewater treatment and control system 100 based on an artificial wetland. The artificial wetland includes: a physical packing layer, a denitrification and phosphorus removal packing layer, and a water collection packing layer stacked from top to bottom; the physical packing layer is used to receive wastewater to be treated, and the water collection packing layer is connected to the target water area and is used to transport the treated water to the target water area 300; plants are planted in both the physical packing layer and the target water area; the system includes multiple sensors 120 and control devices 110 installed in the artificial wetland.

[0184] The control device 110 is also used to determine the control strategy based on the monitoring data when it is determined that the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland needs to be controlled, based on the monitoring data transmitted by multiple sensors.

[0185] The control strategies include one or more of the following: aerating the nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer, adjusting the drainage operation of discharging the wastewater to be treated into the physical packing layer, and adjusting the planting density of plants in the physical packing layer and / or the target water area.

[0186] The control device 110 is also used to regulate the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland according to the regulation strategy.

[0187] In one implementation, the denitrification and phosphorus removal packing layer includes a denitrification packing layer and a phosphorus removal packing layer; the control equipment is also used to delineate the target construction area of ​​the constructed wetland in an area where polluted water is removed.

[0188] The control device 110 is further configured to lay a first preset thickness of gravel layer at the bottom of the target construction area and embed a water outlet pipe for communication with the target water area in the gravel layer to obtain a water collection filler layer.

[0189] The control device 110 is further configured to lay a second preset thickness of phosphorus removal particle layer at the top of the water collection filler layer to obtain a phosphorus removal filler layer.

[0190] The phosphorus removal particles are obtained by mixing calcium-based bentonite and steel slag at a first preset mass ratio.

[0191] The control device 110 is further configured to lay a third preset thickness of denitrification particle layer at the top of the phosphorus removal filler layer to obtain a denitrification filler layer.

[0192] The denitrification particles are obtained by mixing pyrite particles and biochar at a second preset mass ratio.

[0193] The control device 110 is further configured to lay a fourth preset thickness of ceramsite layer loaded with nano-TiO2 on the surface at the top of the denitrification filler layer to obtain a physical filler layer.

[0194] The control device 110 is further configured to plant emergent plants at the top of the physical filler layer and plant submerged plants at the bottom of the target water area.

[0195] In an implementation manner, the system 100 further includes: an air valve and a water valve; the air valve is configured to adjust the opening and closing degree of the aeration pipe, and the water valve is configured to adjust the opening and closing degree of the water inlet pipe; the aeration pipe is configured to aerate the denitrification filler layer and / or the phosphorus removal filler layer, and the water inlet pipe is configured to discharge the sewage to be treated to the top of the physical filler layer; the types of the sensors include: an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and The ammonia nitrogen sensor and The ammonia nitrogen sensor is arranged on the inner pipe wall of the water outlet of the water outlet pipe; the dissolved oxygen sensor is arranged in the denitrification filler layer.

[0196] The control device 110 is further configured to, if the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data transmitted by the ammonia nitrogen sensor is greater than a first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, The real-time monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a pH threshold value and / or the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a first dissolved oxygen threshold value,

[0197] or,

[0198] the real-time monitoring data ​​Less than the second dissolved oxygen threshold value, it is determined that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer needs to be aerated through the gas valve.

[0199] In an implementation manner, the types of the sensors further include: a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a chemical oxygen demand sensor and a turbidity sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged in the denitrification filler layer, the flow sensor, the pressure sensor and the turbidity sensor are arranged in the physical filler layer, and the chemical oxygen demand sensor is arranged at the outlet pipe.

[0200] The controlled device 110 is further configured to, if greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, less than the pH threshold value and / or less than the first dissolved oxygen threshold value, determine, according to a difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the first dissolved oxygen value, a first aeration amount of the first aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer by using an aeration amount calculation formula. The first aeration operation indicates that the denitrification filler layer is continuously aerated.

[0201] The controlled device 110 is further configured to, if

[0202] greater than the second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, less than the pH threshold value and less than the second dissolved oxygen threshold value, determine, according to a difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the second dissolved oxygen value, a second aeration amount of the second aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer by using the aeration amount calculation formula. The second aeration operation indicates that the denitrification filler layer is continuously aerated, and the gas-water ratio of the second aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer is 1:3.

[0203] The controlled device 110 is further configured to determine, according to real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor, a real-time hydraulic load .

[0204] The controlled device 110 is further configured to determine, according to real-time pressure monitoring data transmitted by the pressure sensor, a real-time pressure drop .

[0205] The controlled device 110 is further configured to determine, according to real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor .

[0206] The controlled device 110 is further configured to determine, according to , , real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor , , , real-time temperature monitoring data collected by the temperature sensor and the current season information, the first aeration amount or the second aeration amount, determine the aeration duration when the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation is performed through the aeration duration prediction model;

[0207] The current season information indicates a season in which the current time point is located.

[0208] In an implementation manner, the aeration amount calculation formula is as follows:

[0209]

[0210]

[0211] In the formula, the first coefficient is used to indicate the influence degree of the hysteresis of the water body in flow on the aeration amount; The second coefficient is used to eliminate the execution error when the aeration is performed; The third coefficient is used to suppress the oscillation caused by the oxygen consumed by the pyrite particles to the denitrification filler layer. In an implementation manner, the control device 110 is further configured to, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value and the current season information indicates that the current time point is located in the winter season,

[0212] is less than the third ammonia nitrogen threshold value, stop performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation, and perform the third aeration operation at a preset interval duration. In the formula, the first coefficient is used to indicate the influence degree of the hysteresis of the water body in flow on the aeration amount;

[0213] is the collection time point after the collection time point corresponding to the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data collected, and the third aeration operation is an operation of performing aeration for a second preset duration every interval of a first preset duration. In an implementation manner, the control device 110 is further configured to, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value and the current season information indicates that the current time point is located in the winter season,

[0214] In an implementation manner, the control device 110 is further configured to, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is greater than the first ammonia nitrogen threshold value and the current season information indicates that the current time point is located in the winter season, is greater than the hydraulic load threshold value or is greater than the pressure drop threshold value,

[0215] and / or,

[0216] is greater than the chemical oxygen demand threshold value and is greater than the turbidity threshold value, it is determined that the drainage operation needs to be adjusted through the water valve.

[0217] In an implementation manner, the control device 110 is further configured to, according to , determine a pulse flow when the drainage operation is adjusted to the pulse drainage operation;

[0218] The control device 110 is further configured to, according to , , the real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor​​​ real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor 、 、 real-time temperature monitoring data collected by the temperature sensor and the current season information and the pulse flow, determine the pulse period of the pulse drainage through the pulse intensity prediction model.

[0219] The pulse period indicates that the wastewater to be treated is discharged into the physical filler layer every third preset time interval.

[0220] In an implementation manner, the control device 110 is further configured to acquire the coverage rate of the submerged plant in the target water area and collect the chlorophyll content of the submerged plant in the process of monitoring the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland.

[0221] The control device 110 is further configured to determine that the first target planting density of the emergent plant in the physical filler layer needs to be adjusted if the dissolved oxygen is less than the third dissolved oxygen threshold. The control device 110 is further configured to determine that the first target planting density of the emergent plant in the physical filler layer needs to be adjusted if the dissolved oxygen is less than the third dissolved oxygen threshold.

[0222] The control device 110 is further configured to determine that the second target planting density of the submerged plant in the target water area needs to be adjusted if the coverage rate is less than the coverage rate threshold and / or the chlorophyll content is less than the chlorophyll threshold.

[0223] Thirdly, the application further provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of S100-S200 provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0224] Fourthly, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer readable medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the steps of S100-S200 of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0225] Fifthly, the computer program product provided by the application includes a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, and the instructions included in the program codes can be used to execute the method in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and the specific implementation can be referred to the steps of S100-S200 of the method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0226] In the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other manners. The embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation; for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0227] In addition, the units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments of the present application.

[0228] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0229] It should be noted that if the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that make contributions to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other media that can store program codes.

[0230] In this document, the terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0231] The above merely provides an example of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling sewage treatment based on artificial wetlands, characterized by, The application is applied to a sewage treatment and regulation system based on a constructed wetland. The constructed wetland comprises, from top to bottom, a physical filler layer, a denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layer, and a water collection filler layer; the physical filler layer is used to receive sewage to be treated, the water collection filler layer is in communication with a target water area and is used to deliver treated water to the target water area; plants are planted in the physical filler layer and the target water area; the system comprises a plurality of sensors arranged in the constructed wetland; the system further comprises an air valve and a water valve; the air valve is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of an aeration pipe, and the water valve is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of an inlet pipe; the aeration pipe is used to aerate the denitrification filler layer and / or the phosphorus removal filler layer, and the inlet pipe is used to discharge the sewage to be treated to the top of the physical filler layer; the types of the sensors include an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a pH sensor; the ammonia nitrogen sensor and the pH sensor are arranged on the inner wall of the outlet of an outlet pipe; the dissolved oxygen sensor is arranged in the denitrification filler layer; the types of the sensors further include a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a chemical oxygen demand sensor, and a turbidity sensor; the temperature sensor is arranged in the denitrification filler layer, the flow sensor, the pressure sensor, and the turbidity sensor are arranged in the physical filler layer, and the chemical oxygen demand sensor is arranged at the outlet pipe; the method comprises: During monitoring of the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland, if it is determined according to monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors that the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland needs to be regulated, a regulation strategy is determined according to the monitoring data; The regulation strategy comprises one or more of aeration of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer, adjustment of a drainage operation of discharging the sewage to be treated to the physical filler layer, and adjustment of the planting density of plants in the physical filler layer and / or the target water area; The sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland is regulated according to the regulation strategy. The determination of the need for regulating the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors comprises: if the real-time ammonia nitrogen monitoring data transmitted by the ammonia nitrogen sensor is greater than a first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the real-time pH monitoring data transmitted by the pH sensor is greater than a pH threshold value, and the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a first dissolved oxygen threshold value a first ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the real-time pH monitoring data transmitted by the pH sensor is greater than a pH threshold value, and the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a first dissolved oxygen threshold value a pH threshold value and / or the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is less than a first dissolved oxygen threshold value a first dissolved oxygen threshold value, the difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the real-time dissolved oxygen monitoring data transmitted by the dissolved oxygen sensor is determined by a dissolved oxygen amount calculation formula to determine a first aeration amount of the denitrification filler layer in the first aeration operation a first aeration amount of the denitrification filler layer in the first aeration operation The first aeration operation indicates continuous aeration of the denitrification filler layer. if the greater than a second ammonia nitrogen threshold value, the less than a pH threshold value and the less than a second dissolved oxygen threshold value, a second aeration amount for a second aeration operation on the denitrification filler layer is determined by an aeration amount calculation formula according to a difference between the target dissolved oxygen value and the and the target dissolved oxygen value. The second aeration operation indicates continuous aeration of the denitrification filler layer; the gas-water ratio during the second aeration operation of the denitrification filler layer is 1:

3. determining real-time hydraulic load based on real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor ; determining a real-time pressure drop based on real-time pressure monitoring data transmitted by the pressure sensor ; According to the , the , the , the real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor , the real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor , the , the , the real-time temperature monitoring data collected by the temperature sensor and the current season information, the first aeration amount or the second aeration amount, determine the aeration time length when the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation is executed through the aeration time length prediction model. The current season information indicates the season at the current time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The denitrification and phosphorus removal filler layer comprises a denitrification filler layer and a phosphorus removal filler layer; before monitoring the sewage treatment process of the constructed wetland, the method further comprises: In the area of the contaminated water area, the target construction area of the constructed wetland is demarcated; A first pre-set thickness of gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the target construction area, and a water outlet pipe for communication with the target water area is embedded in the gravel layer to obtain the water collection filler layer; A second pre-set thickness of phosphorus removal particle layer is laid at the top of the water collection filler layer to obtain the phosphorus removal filler layer; The phosphorus removal particles are obtained by mixing calcium-based bentonite and steel slag at a first pre-set mass ratio. a third denitrification particle layer with a third preset thickness is laid on top of the phosphorus removal filler layer to obtain the denitrification filler layer; wherein the denitrification particles are obtained by mixing pyrite particles and biochar at a second preset mass ratio; On top of the denitrification filler layer, a fourth pre-set thickness of surface-loaded nano ceramsite layer is laid to obtain the physical filler layer; emersed plants are planted on top of the physical filler layer and submerged plants are planted on the bottom of the target water area.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The aeration amount calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, the represents a first coefficient for indicating the degree of influence of the hysteresis of the water body when flowing on the aeration amount; the represents a second coefficient for eliminating the execution error when aeration is performed; the represents a third coefficient for inhibiting the oscillation caused by the oxygen consumed by the pyrite particles on the denitrification filler layer.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, After the wastewater treatment process is regulated according to the regulation strategy, the method further comprises: If If the ammonia nitrogen is less than the third ammonia nitrogen threshold value, stop performing the first aeration operation or the second aeration operation, and perform a third aeration operation for a preset interval duration. The third aeration operation is an operation of aeration for a second preset time length every first preset time length. The third aeration operation is an operation of aeration for a second preset time length every first preset time length. The third aeration operation is an operation of aeration for a second preset time length every first preset time length.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, If it is determined according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors that the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland needs to be regulated, the method further comprises: if the greater than a hydraulic loading threshold or the greater than a pressure drop threshold, and / or, The greater than a chemical oxygen demand threshold and the greater than a turbidity threshold, determining that an adjustment to the operation of the drain by the water valve is required.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The method further comprises: According to the determining a pulse flow rate when the drainage operation is adjusted to a pulse drainage operation; According to the above , the above , the above , the real-time turbidity monitoring data transmitted by the turbidity sensor , the real-time flow monitoring data transmitted by the flow sensor , the above , the above , the real-time temperature monitoring data collected by the temperature sensor and the current season information and the pulse flow, the pulse cycle of the pulse drainage is determined through a pulse intensity prediction model. The method further comprises:

7. The method of claim 3, wherein, In the process of monitoring the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland, the coverage of submerged plants in the target water area is obtained and the chlorophyll content of the submerged plants is collected. If it is determined according to the monitoring data transmitted by the plurality of sensors that the wastewater treatment process of the constructed wetland needs to be regulated, the method further comprises: If the coverage is less than a coverage threshold value and / or the chlorophyll content is less than a chlorophyll threshold value, it is determined that the second target planting density of the submerged plants in the target water area needs to be adjusted. if the less than a third dissolved oxygen threshold, determining that an adjustment to a first target planting density of emergent plants in the physical filler layer is needed; The method is applied to the wastewater treatment regulation method based on a constructed wetland according to any one of claims 1-7.

8. A constructed wetland-based sewage treatment regulation system, characterized by, ​

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