Water purification device, installation method of water purification device and water treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides a water purification device, an installation method of the water purification device and a water treatment method of the water purification device, and belongs to the technical field of water purification treatment. The water purification device comprises a water purification shell, an oxidation assembly, a catalysis assembly, an adsorption assembly and a reduction assembly, wherein one end of the water purification shell is provided with a water inlet, and the other end is provided with a water outlet; the oxidation assembly is configured to be used for generating oxidation reaction to decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater; the catalysis assembly is configured to perform primary filtration on the wastewater treated by the oxidation assembly and promote decomposition of organic pollutants; the adsorption assembly is configured to be used for carrying out adsorption treatment on the wastewater treated by the catalysis assembly; the reduction assembly is configured to be used for being matched with the oxidation assembly to achieve construction of an electric field in the water purification shell, and the reduction assembly is further used for leading purified water out of the water outlet. The water purifying device has the effects of being high in treatment efficiency and capable of efficiently removing various pollutants and accurately retaining mineral substances in water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of water purification technology, and more specifically, to a water purification device, a method for installing the water purification device, and a water treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid industrialization and urbanization, drinking water sources are facing increasingly complex pollution challenges. Traditional drinking water treatment processes, such as sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection, are insufficient to effectively remove trace heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and drug-resistant pathogens from water.

[0003] At the end of municipal pipe networks and in secondary water supply systems, water quality is easily affected by factors such as pipe aging and secondary pollution, leading to increased pollutant concentrations and threatening residents' drinking water safety. Furthermore, in emergency water supply scenarios, such as natural disasters or sudden water pollution incidents, existing water treatment equipment often suffers from low treatment efficiency, poor portability, and an inability to meet the demand for rapid water purification. Currently, electrocatalytic oxidation technology, as an emerging method for advanced drinking water treatment, has received widespread attention. However, traditional electrocatalytic oxidation devices suffer from drawbacks such as uneven electric field distribution, easy corrosion of electrode materials, high energy consumption, and low treatment efficiency. At the same time, a single electrocatalytic oxidation process is insufficient to efficiently remove multiple pollutants, failing to meet increasingly stringent drinking water quality standards.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop water purification devices that do not require ultraviolet excitation, have low energy consumption, and can accurately retain minerals.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a water purification device, a method for installing the water purification device, and a water treatment method.

[0007] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a water purification device is provided, the water purification device including a water purification shell and an oxidation component, a catalytic component, an adsorption component and a reduction component disposed within the water purification shell;

[0008] The water purifier shell has a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end;

[0009] The oxidation component is configured to generate an oxidation reaction to decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater;

[0010] The catalytic component is configured to perform initial filtration of the wastewater treated by the oxidation component and promote the decomposition of organic pollutants.

[0011] The adsorption component is configured to adsorb and treat the wastewater after it has been treated by the catalytic component.

[0012] The reduction component is configured to cooperate with the oxidation component to construct an electric field inside the water purification shell, and the reduction component is also used to draw the purified water out of the outlet.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the oxidation assembly includes an anode cylinder;

[0014] The anode cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the water purification shell;

[0015] The anode cylinder is made of iridium tantalum oxide; its diameter is between 90 and 110 mm; and its length is between 270 and 330 mm.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the anode cylinder has a first cavity;

[0017] The catalytic component includes an electrocatalytic membrane; the electrocatalytic membrane is coaxially disposed within the first cavity.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the adsorption assembly includes a conductive filter element;

[0019] The electrocatalytic membrane has a second cavity, and the conductive filter element is coaxially disposed in the second cavity;

[0020] The electrocatalytic membrane is made of Nb2O5; the conductive filter element has quantum dots, wherein the particle size of the quantum dots is between 5 and 8 nm.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the reduction assembly includes a cathode rod;

[0022] The conductive filter element has a third cavity, and the cathode rod is coaxially disposed in the third cavity.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the distance between the bottom of the cathode rod and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 9 and 11 mm.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the coaxiality error between the cathode rod and the anode cylinder is no greater than 0.3 mm.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the water purification device has a first state and a second state;

[0026] In the first state, the anode cylinder is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the cathode rod is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply;

[0027] In the second state, the anode cylinder is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the cathode rod is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0028] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method for installing a water purification device is provided, the method comprising:

[0029] The cathode rod is inserted into the water purification shell, wherein the distance between the bottom of the cathode rod and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 9 and 11 mm.

[0030] An electrocatalytic membrane is wrapped around the outside of a conductive filter element to form a filter element assembly;

[0031] The filter element assembly is fitted onto the cathode rod, and the distance between the bottom of the filter element assembly and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 18 and 22 mm.

[0032] The anode cylinder is inserted into the water purification shell, the anode cylinder is sleeved on the filter element assembly, and the bottom end of the anode cylinder is in contact with the bottom wall of the water purification shell.

[0033] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a water treatment method for a water purification device is provided, the treatment method comprising:

[0034] The water to be treated is introduced into the inlet of the water purifier shell;

[0035] The oxidation unit oxidizes organic pollutants in the treated water.

[0036] The catalytic component performs initial filtration of the wastewater treated by the oxidation component and promotes the decomposition of organic pollutants.

[0037] The adsorption component adsorbs and treats the wastewater after it has been treated by the catalytic component.

[0038] The purification component draws the purified water out of the outlet.

[0039] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water purification device in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 .

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water purification device in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation steps of a water purification device in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the water treatment steps of a water purification device in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Water purification shell; 11. Water inlet; 12. Water outlet; 2. Oxidation component; 21. Anode cylinder; 3. Catalytic component; 31. Electrocatalytic membrane; 4. Adsorption component; 41. Conductive filter element; 5. Reduction component; 51. Cathode rod. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0048] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0049] In related technologies, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, drinking water sources face increasingly complex pollution challenges. Simultaneously, at the end of municipal pipe networks and in secondary water supply systems, water quality is easily affected by factors such as pipe aging and secondary pollution, leading to increased concentrations of pollutants in the water and threatening the safety of residents' drinking water. Furthermore, in emergency water supply scenarios, such as natural disasters or sudden water pollution incidents, existing water treatment equipment often suffers from low treatment efficiency, poor portability, and an inability to meet the demand for rapid water purification.

[0050] Currently, electrocatalytic oxidation technology has attracted widespread attention as an emerging method for advanced drinking water treatment. However, traditional electrocatalytic oxidation devices suffer from drawbacks such as uneven electric field distribution, easy corrosion of electrode materials, high energy consumption, and low treatment efficiency. Furthermore, a single electrocatalytic oxidation process is insufficient to efficiently remove multiple pollutants, failing to meet increasingly stringent drinking water quality standards.

[0051] Based on this, this application discloses a water purification device.

[0052] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The water purification device includes a water purification shell 1 and an oxidation component 2, a catalytic component 3, an adsorption component 4, and a reduction component 5 disposed within the water purification shell 1. The water purification shell 1 has an inlet 11 at one end and an outlet 12 at the other end. The oxidation component 2 is configured to generate an oxidation reaction to decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater. The catalytic component 3 is configured to perform initial filtration on the wastewater treated by the oxidation component 2 and promote the decomposition of organic pollutants. The adsorption component 4 is configured to adsorb the wastewater treated by the catalytic component 3. The reduction component 5 is configured to cooperate with the oxidation component 2 to construct an electric field within the water purification shell 1, and the reduction component 5 is also used to draw the purified water out through the outlet 12.

[0053] In this embodiment, when water treatment is required, the water to be treated is introduced into the water purification shell 1 through the inlet 11. The oxidation component 2 and the reduction component 5 form an electric field, and the oxidation component 2 undergoes an oxidation reaction to degrade organic pollutants (such as antibiotics and pesticides) that are difficult to degrade in the water. The catalytic component 3 further oxidizes the water treated by the oxidation component 2 and promotes the decomposition of organic pollutants. The adsorption component 4 selectively adsorbs the water treated by the catalytic component 3 to adsorb some heavy metal ions in the water. The reduction component 5 and the oxidation component 2 form an electric field, and the reduction component 5 can increase the pH value of the corresponding area, thereby reducing the concentration of calcium ions in the water. 2+ and Mg 2+ Precipitation is generated, thus achieving the removal of Ca from the water. 2+ and Mg 2+ The cleaning process is as follows. In this disclosure, the targeted removal of pollutants in water is achieved through the multi-stage coordination of oxidation component 2, catalytic component 3, and adsorption component 4, with a comprehensive efficiency higher than that of a single electrocatalytic or adsorption process. At the same time, the electric field formed by oxidation component 2 and reduction component 5 can enhance the adsorption capacity for heavy metals on the one hand, and the high potential formed on the other hand can break down the cell membrane of microorganisms, thereby improving the water treatment effect.

[0054] In some of the disclosed implementations, see Figure 1 , Figure 2The oxidation component 2 includes an anode cylinder 21; the anode cylinder 21 is coaxially disposed within the water purification shell 1; the material of the anode cylinder 21 is iridium-tantalum oxide, for example, the material of the anode cylinder 21 can be IrO2-Ta2O5. It should be noted that IrO2 (iridium dioxide) has high catalytic activity but is expensive; Ta2O5 (tantalum pentoxide) has the effect of enhancing stability and conductivity and can reduce the amount of Ir used. In this embodiment, IrO2 and Ta2O5 can be appropriately proportioned to balance performance and cost.

[0055] As an example, the molar ratio of IrO2 to Ta2O5 can be 70:30. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the molar ratio of IrO2 to Ta2O5 may not be limited to this, and this application will not elaborate on this.

[0056] As another example, the diameter of the anode cylinder 21 is between 90 and 110 mm. For example, the diameter of the anode cylinder 21 can be 90 mm, 95 mm, 100 mm, 105 mm, or 110 mm.

[0057] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the diameter of the anode cylinder 21 is not limited to this, and this disclosure will not elaborate on this aspect.

[0058] As another example, the length of the anode cylinder 21 is between 270 and 330 mm. For example, the length of the anode cylinder 21 can be 270 mm, 290 mm, 300 mm, 310 mm, 320 mm, and 330 mm. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the length of the anode cylinder 21 is not limited to this, and this disclosure will not elaborate on this aspect.

[0059] As an example, the oxidation component 2 includes an anode cylinder 21; the anode cylinder 21 is coaxially disposed inside the water purification shell 1; wherein, the material of the anode cylinder 21 is iridium tantalum oxide; the diameter of the anode cylinder 21 is between 90 and 110 mm; and the length is between 270 and 330 mm.

[0060] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the oxidation component 2 is set as an anode cylinder 21. Under the action of electricity, the coating on the surface of the anode cylinder 21 can catalyze the generation of ClO- to form a strong oxidant, which oxidizes and decomposes polluting organic matter.

[0061] Furthermore, this application also provides a method for preparing the anode cylinder 21:

[0062] Provide titanium cylinder substrate.

[0063] The titanium cylinder substrate was subjected to degreasing and pickling treatments in sequence.

[0064] Specifically, the degreasing process for the titanium cylinder substrate is as follows: Immerse in a 10% sodium hydroxide solution at 60–80°C for 20–30 minutes, then rinse with deionized water until neutral. The pickling process for the titanium cylinder substrate is as follows: Use a 1:1 volume ratio mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, immerse at room temperature for 5–10 minutes to remove the surface oxide layer, then rinse thoroughly with deionized water and dry for later use.

[0065] Prepare the coating solution.

[0066] Specifically, chloroiridic acid (H2IrCl6·6H2O) and tantalum pentachloride (TaCl5) are dissolved in ethanol at a molar ratio of Ir to Ta of (7:3), wherein the total mass concentration of chloroiridic acid and tantalum pentachloride is 5% to 15%; then 0.5% to 2% of citric acid as an additive is added to the total mass of the coating solution, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the coating solution.

[0067] The coating solution is applied to the titanium cylinder substrate.

[0068] Specifically, the pretreated titanium cylinder substrate is immersed in the above-mentioned coating solution using an immersion method, and then pulled out at a uniform speed of 5-10 mm / s to uniformly cover the inner and outer surfaces of the titanium cylinder with a coating solution, controlling the coating thickness to be 5-10 μm. The coated titanium cylinder substrate is then placed in an oven and dried at 80-120°C for 10-20 minutes to remove the solvent. Subsequently, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 450-550°C at a heating rate of 5-10°C / min under an air atmosphere, and held at this temperature for 15-30 minutes to perform thermal decomposition, causing the precursors in the coating solution to decompose into IrO2 and Ta2O5 coatings.

[0069] Repeat the above operation until the total coating thickness reaches 30-50 μm. After multiple coatings and thermal decomposition, the titanium cylinder substrate is annealed in a muffle furnace at 600-650°C for 1-2 hours in air atmosphere, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the titanium-based IrO2-Ta2O5 anode cylinder 21.

[0070] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The anode cylinder 21 has a first cavity; the catalytic assembly 3 includes an electrocatalytic membrane 31; the electrocatalytic membrane 31 is coaxially disposed in the first cavity.

[0071] The present application provides a method for preparing an electrocatalytic membrane 31 as follows:

[0072] The mixture required to prepare electrocatalytic membrane 31.

[0073] Specifically, 0.5g of iron phthalocyanine (FePc, purity ≥98%), 5g of melamine (C3H6N6, analytical grade), and 2g of glucose (C6H) were added.12 O6 (analytical grade) was placed in an agate mortar, 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol was added, and the mixture was ground at room temperature for 30 min to form a uniform paste.

[0074] Composite materials are prepared using mixtures.

[0075] Specifically, the mixture was transferred to a ceramic boat, placed in a tube furnace, and heated to 800°C at a rate of 5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere (flow rate 100 mL / min). The temperature was maintained for 2 hours and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the Fe-N4@C composite material.

[0076] Acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0077] Specifically, take 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (outer diameter between 10 and 20 nm, length between 10 and 30 μm), add 200mL of a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid (65wt%) and concentrated sulfuric acid (98wt%) (volume ratio 1:3), and ultrasonically disperse for 2h (power 200W, temperature ≤50℃).

[0078] Neutralize carbon nanotube suspension.

[0079] Specifically, the acidified carbon nanotube suspension was diluted to 500 mL with deionized water, filtered (using a 0.22 μm polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane), and repeatedly washed with water until the filtrate pH was 7. The filtrate was then vacuum dried at 80 °C for 12 h to obtain carboxylated carbon nanotubes.

[0080] Prepare a dispersion.

[0081] Specifically, 0.2g of Fe-N4@C composite material, 0.1g of COOH-CNT, 50mL of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP, anhydrous grade), and 0.1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K30, molecular weight 40000) were thoroughly mixed and then ultrasonically treated in an ice-water bath for 3h (power 300W, frequency 40kHz), with stirring for 5min every 30min during the process, to form a uniform black dispersion.

[0082] Prepare relevant catalysts.

[0083] Specifically, the dispersion was transferred to a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, dried at 80°C for 12 hours to remove the solvent, and then heated to 900°C at 3°C / min under an argon atmosphere (flow rate 150 mL / min), held at that temperature for 1 hour, and then ground into powder after natural cooling to form the Fe-N4@CNT catalyst.

[0084] Preparation of casting solution.

[0085] Specifically, 18 wt% polyethersulfone (PES, Mw = 58000) particles were added to 74 wt% N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and the mixture was magnetically stirred at 60°C for 4 h until completely dissolved. After cooling to room temperature, 5 wt% Fe-N4@CNT and 3 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were added, and stirring was continued for 12 h. Then, vacuum degassing was performed for 30 min to obtain a uniform casting solution.

[0086] Prepare composite membranes.

[0087] Specifically, the casting solution was uniformly coated onto a clean glass plate, and a film was formed using a film scraper with the blade gap adjusted to 200 μm. Immediately after film formation, the film was immersed in a deionized water coagulation bath (temperature 25±1℃) and held for 30 min until complete phase inversion, forming a Fe-N4@CNT / PES composite membrane. The membrane was then peeled off the glass plate, soaked in deionized water for 24 h to remove residual solvent, and then vacuum dried at 50℃ for 6 h for later use.

[0088] In this embodiment, the Fe-N4 site can generate -OH under the action of an electric field, which can efficiently degrade recalcitrant organic matter.

[0089] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the adsorption component 4 includes a conductive filter element 41; an electrocatalytic membrane 31 has a second cavity, and the conductive filter element 41 is coaxially disposed within the second cavity; wherein the material of the electrocatalytic membrane 31 is Nb₂O₅; the conductive filter element 41 has quantum dots, wherein the particle size of the quantum dots is between 5 and 8 nm. For example, the particle size of the quantum dots can be 5 nm, 6 nm, 7 nm, or 8 nm. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the particle size of the quantum dots is not limited to this, and this application will not elaborate on it in detail.

[0090] The present application provides a method for preparing a conductive filter element 41 as follows:

[0091] Ceramic filter element pretreatment:

[0092] α-Al₂O₃ porous ceramic filter element (pore size 20-40 mesh, porosity 60%-70%, specific surface area 10-15 m²) is selected. 2 / g, a cylinder with a diameter of 35mm × a length of 280mm). It is ultrasonically cleaned three times with deionized water (15min each time, 100W power) to remove surface impurities.

[0093] Microporous structures are etched onto porous ceramic filter elements.

[0094] Specifically, the porous ceramic filter element is immersed in a 5% (v / v) dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 2 hours to neutralize the alkaline groups on the surface and etch the microporous structure. It is then rinsed with deionized water until neutral and dried in an oven at 100°C for 4 hours before use.

[0095] Synthesis of Nb2O5 quantum dots.

[0096] Specifically, 0.5 g of ammonium niobate pentahydrate ((NH4)3NbO(CO3)2) was dissolved in 50 mL of ethylene glycol, and 0.1 mL of concentrated nitric acid was added (to adjust the pH to 2-3). The mixture was magnetically stirred for 30 min until a homogeneous solution was obtained. The solution was then transferred to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene hydrothermal reactor and heated at 180 °C for 12 h. After natural cooling, the mixture was centrifuged (8000 rpm, 10 min). The precipitate was washed twice with ethanol and dried under vacuum at 60 °C for 6 h to obtain Nb2O5 quantum dots with a particle size of 5-8 nm.

[0097] Nb2O5 quantum dots were loaded onto the ceramic surface.

[0098] Prepare a 5 mg / mL Nb₂O₅ quantum dot ethanol dispersion (ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min, power 200 W, to avoid agglomeration). Completely immerse the pretreated ceramic filter element in the dispersion and allow it to stand for 30 min to allow the quantum dots to fully adsorb onto the inner wall of the pores. Pull the filter element up at a uniform speed of 5 cm / min, dry it at room temperature for 2 h, and then calcine it in a muffle furnace at 300℃ for 1 h to form chemically bonded Nb-O bonds. Repeat the immersion-calcination process (3 times) to adjust the total loading to 0.3-0.5 mg / mL. 2 .

[0099] In this embodiment, Nb2O5 quantum dots (5-8 nm in diameter) are loaded onto the surface of the α-Al2O3 (α-alumina) porous ceramic filter element. Under a pulsed electric field of 0.5-2V, an electric double layer can be formed, thereby selectively adsorbing Pb. 2 +(lead) / Cd 2 +(cadmium ions).

[0100] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The reduction component 5 includes a cathode rod 51; the conductive filter element 41 has a third cavity, and the cathode rod 51 is coaxially disposed in the third cavity.

[0101] The present application provides a method for preparing a cathode rod 51 as follows:

[0102] Materials required for preparing cathode rod 51.

[0103] Specifically, hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium powder (particle size 15-45μm, purity >99.7%) was selected and mixed with 0.5% zinc stearate (lubricant) by ball milling for 2 hours.

[0104] Prepare the green body.

[0105] Specifically, a Φ10mm×310mm hard alloy steel mold is selected. The uniformly mixed material is loaded into the mold, and the pressing pressure is controlled at 250MPa. The holding time is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0106] Degrease the green body.

[0107] Specifically, the billet is placed in a muffle furnace for degreasing. The temperature is raised to 600℃ at a heating rate of 2-5℃ / min, and degreasing is carried out for 2 hours. The temperature is then raised to 1300℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, and held for 4 hours. The billet is then cooled in the furnace to 200℃ before being removed from the furnace.

[0108] Remove the natural oxide layer from cathode rod 51.

[0109] Specifically, cathode rod 51 is immersed in acetone and sonicated for 10 minutes, then transferred to anhydrous ethanol and sonicated for 10 minutes, and then immersed in 5% HF solution for 30 seconds to remove the natural oxide layer. Afterwards, it is immediately rinsed with deionized water and dried for later use.

[0110] The cathode rod 51 is subjected to a cathode reduction process.

[0111] A 0.5 mol sulfuric acid electrolyte was prepared. The prepared porous titanium cathode rod 51 was used as the working electrode, a platinum sheet as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference electrode. The three electrodes were fixed in the electrolytic cell, ensuring that the porous surface of the working electrode was completely immersed in the electrolyte and that the distance between the electrodes remained stable (2–3 cm). The working electrode potential was controlled at -1.2 V vs. SCE, and the current density was maintained at 50 mA / cm². 2 The reduction time is set to 10 minutes. Start the electrochemical workstation to begin the cathode reduction process.

[0112] Neutralize the electrolyte on the cathode rod 51.

[0113] After reduction, the porous titanium cathode rod 51 was immediately removed from the electrolyte and the surface was quickly rinsed with deionized water to remove any residual electrolyte until the rinsing solution was neutral. The surface of the porous titanium cathode rod 51 was then dried with nitrogen gas to prevent secondary oxidation, resulting in a porous titanium cathode rod 51 with an active Ti-H surface.

[0114] The porous titanium cathode rod 51 provided in this embodiment: Ti-H active surface promotes H + It is reduced to H2, while suppressing the hydrogen evolution side reaction, and the current utilization rate is increased to 85%.

[0115] As an example, the distance between the bottom of the cathode rod 51 and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 is between 9 and 11 mm. For example, the distance between the bottom of the cathode plate and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 can be 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, and 11 mm, etc. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the cathode plate and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 is not limited to this, and this application will not elaborate on this.

[0116] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The coaxiality error between the cathode rod 51 and the anode cylinder 21 is no greater than 0.3 mm. This configuration has the following beneficial effects:

[0117] First, avoid localized electric field distortion. Excessive coaxiality deviation can lead to uneven anode-cathode spacing. The electric field intensity increases dramatically on the side with smaller spacing (E=V / d, where d is the electrode spacing), potentially causing localized arcing or excessive water electrolysis (hydrogen / oxygen evolution side reactions). Conversely, the electric field weakens on the side with larger spacing, reducing pollutant removal efficiency. Effect: An error of ≤0.3mm ensures radial electric field intensity fluctuation <5%, resulting in uniform distribution of active oxides such as ClO- and ·OH, and increasing organic matter degradation rate by 10%-15%.

[0118] Second, laminar flow maintenance. The coaxial structure design ensures that the water flow, after entering from the gap between the anode cylinder and the reactor, rises uniformly along the annular space. If the coaxiality deviation is >0.3mm, eddies or dead zones will form, leading to: short-circuiting (part of the water is discharged without adequate treatment); and localized accumulation of contaminants (such as calcium). 2+ (Scale formation occurs in low-flow-rate areas). Effect: Precise coaxial alignment reduces the standard deviation of water flow velocity distribution to <0.05 m / s, improving mass transfer efficiency by 20%.

[0119] Third, the synergistic effect of pulsed electric fields. Pulse response consistency: Under high-frequency pulses (e.g., 1kHz), the electric field needs to switch uniformly within microseconds. Large coaxiality deviations can lead to: differences in capacitance effects (uneven charging speed of the double layer); and asynchronous activation of Nb₂O₅ quantum dot adsorption sites. Effect: Precise coaxiality ensures pulse energy utilization >90% and heavy metal adsorption capacity fluctuation <5%.

[0120] Fourth, ensure balanced current density. Prevent localized overload: When the anode and cathode are not coaxial, the current density at the smaller distance will be too high (potentially exceeding 50 mA / cm²). 2 This accelerates electrode corrosion (such as IrO2 coating peeling); the current density is too low (<10 mA / cm²) where the spacing is large. 2 This leads to insufficient catalytic activity. Results: When coaxiality is ≤0.3mm, the current density difference is <8%, and the electrode life is extended to over 5 years (compared to a 30% reduction in life when the deviation is 1mm).

[0121] Fifth, anti-fouling and self-cleaning. Uniform removal of deposits: During periodic electrode polarity reversal (anode / cathode switching), high coaxiality allows the bubbles (H2 / O2) generated during electrolysis to evenly flush the electrode surface. If the deviation is >0.3mm, the bubbles will concentrate on the narrow side, and deposits on the other side cannot be removed. Effect: The cleaning cycle is extended by 2 times (from once a week to once every 3 weeks).

[0122] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The water purification device has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the anode cylinder 21 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the cathode rod 51 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; in the second state, the anode cylinder 21 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply and the cathode rod 51 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0123] It is understandable that the first state of the water purification device refers to the state in which the water purification device cleans impurities and pollutants in the water; the first state of the water purification device refers to the state in which the cathode rod 51 can peel off surface deposits.

[0124] As an example, the anode cylinder 21 can be connected to the positive terminal of the pulse power supply via titanium alloy wires, and the cathode rod 51 can be connected to the negative terminal of the power supply via nickel-plated copper wires.

[0125] In summary, the water purification device disclosed in this application uses an outer titanium-based anode to generate ClO- to oxidize organic matter, a middle Fe-N4@CNT / PES membrane to electrocatalyze the generation of -OH free radicals to degrade recalcitrant organic matter (such as antibiotics and pesticides), and an inner Nb2O5 filter element to selectively adsorb heavy metals (Pb). 2 + / Cd 2 +). This staged treatment achieves targeted removal of pollutants, with an overall efficiency higher than single electrocatalytic or adsorption processes. Furthermore, the water flow spirals from the outside in, extending the contact time between pollutants and the electrodes / catalysts and avoiding short-circuiting. Simultaneously, this water purification device employs a 0.5-2V pulsed electric field (instead of a DC field). Through periodic charging and discharging, it firstly suppresses electrode passivation and reduces energy consumption; secondly, it enhances the double-layer effect, increasing the adsorption capacity of Nb2O5 quantum dots for heavy metals; and thirdly, the instantaneous high potential generated by the pulse can break down microbial cell membranes (inactivation rate of E. coli >99.9%).

[0126] This disclosure also provides a method for installing a water purification device; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Installation methods include:

[0127] S11: Insert the cathode rod 51 into the water purification shell 1, wherein the distance between the bottom of the cathode rod 51 and the bottom wall of the water purification shell 1 is between 9 and 11 mm.

[0128] For example, the distance between the bottom of the cathode plate and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 can be 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, 10.5mm, and 11mm, etc. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the cathode plate and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 is not limited to this, and this application will not elaborate on this.

[0129] S12: The electrocatalytic membrane 31 is wrapped around the outside of the conductive filter element 41 to form a filter element assembly.

[0130] S13: The filter element assembly is fitted onto the cathode rod 51, and the distance between the bottom of the filter element assembly and the bottom wall of the water purification shell 1 is between 18 and 22 mm.

[0131] For example, the distance between the bottom of the filter element assembly and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 can be 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, 21mm, and 22mm, etc. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the filter element assembly and the bottom wall of the water purification housing 1 is not limited to this, and this application will not elaborate on this.

[0132] S14: Insert the anode cylinder 21 into the water purification shell 1. The anode cylinder 21 is fitted onto the filter element assembly, and the bottom end of the anode cylinder 21 contacts the bottom wall of the water purification shell 1.

[0133] This disclosure also provides a water treatment method for a water purification device; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The processing methods include:

[0134] S21: Water to be treated is introduced into the inlet 11 of the water purification shell 1.

[0135] S22: Oxidation component 2 oxidizes organic pollutants in the treated water.

[0136] S23: Catalytic component 3 performs initial filtration on the wastewater treated by oxidation component 2 and promotes the decomposition of organic pollutants.

[0137] S24: Adsorption component 4 adsorbs the wastewater after it has been treated by catalytic component 3.

[0138] S25: The reduction component 5 draws the purified water out of the outlet 12.

[0139] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water purification device, characterized in that, The water purification device includes a water purification shell and an oxidation component, a catalytic component, an adsorption component, and a reduction component disposed within the water purification shell; The water purifier shell has a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end; The oxidation component is configured to generate an oxidation reaction to decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater; The catalytic component is configured to perform initial filtration of the wastewater treated by the oxidation component and promote the decomposition of organic pollutants. The adsorption component is configured to adsorb and treat the wastewater after it has been treated by the catalytic component. The reduction component is configured to cooperate with the oxidation component to construct an electric field inside the water purification shell, and the reduction component is also used to draw the purified water out of the outlet.

2. The water purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidation assembly includes an anode cylinder; The anode cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the water purification shell; The anode cylinder is made of iridium tantalum oxide; its diameter is between 90 and 110 mm; and its length is between 270 and 330 mm.

3. The water purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anode cylinder has a first cavity; The catalytic component includes an electrocatalytic membrane; the electrocatalytic membrane is coaxially disposed within the first cavity.

4. The water purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adsorption assembly includes a conductive filter element; The electrocatalytic membrane has a second cavity, and the conductive filter element is coaxially disposed in the second cavity; The electrocatalytic membrane is made of Nb2O5; the conductive filter element has quantum dots, wherein the particle size of the quantum dots is between 5 and 8 nm.

5. The water purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reduction assembly includes a cathode rod; The conductive filter element has a third cavity, and the cathode rod is coaxially disposed in the third cavity.

6. The water purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the bottom of the cathode rod and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 9 and 11 mm.

7. The water purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coaxiality error between the cathode rod and the anode cylinder is no greater than 0.3 mm.

8. The water purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water purification device has a first state and a second state; In the first state, the anode cylinder is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the cathode rod is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; In the second state, the anode cylinder is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the cathode rod is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

9. A method for installing a water purification device, characterized in that, The installation method includes: The cathode rod is inserted into the water purification shell, wherein the distance between the bottom of the cathode rod and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 9 and 11 mm. An electrocatalytic membrane is wrapped around the outside of a conductive filter element to form a filter element assembly; The filter element assembly is fitted onto the cathode rod, and the distance between the bottom of the filter element assembly and the bottom wall of the water purification shell is between 18 and 22 mm. The anode cylinder is inserted into the water purification shell, the anode cylinder is sleeved on the filter element assembly, and the bottom end of the anode cylinder is in contact with the bottom wall of the water purification shell.

10. A water treatment method using a water purification device, characterized in that, The processing method includes: The water to be treated is introduced into the inlet of the water purifier shell; The oxidation unit oxidizes organic pollutants in the treated water. The catalytic component performs initial filtration of the wastewater treated by the oxidation component and promotes the decomposition of organic pollutants. The adsorption component adsorbs and treats the wastewater after it has been treated by the catalytic component. The purification component draws the purified water out of the outlet.

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