Light emitting device including fused ring compound and electronic device including same

Abstract

A light-emitting device including a fused ring compound and an electronic device including the light-emitting device are provided. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, where the intermediate layer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, the hole transport region including a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof, and the emission layer includes at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1, Formula 201 and Formula 202 substituents are as defined in the detailed specification.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application with the application number 202110292482.2 and the title “Light-emitting device including fused ring compound and electronic device including the same” filed on March 18, 2021. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] One or more embodiments relate to a light-emitting device including a fused ring compound and an electronic device including the same. BACKGROUND

[0003] An organic light-emitting device is a self-emissive device, which has a wide viewing angle, high contrast, and short response time and / or desirable (e.g., excellent) characteristics in luminance, driving voltage, and / or response speed compared to light-emitting devices in related art.

[0004] An organic light-emitting device can include a first electrode on a substrate, and a hole transport zone, an emission layer, an electron transport zone, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode can move toward the emission layer through the hole transport zone, and electrons provided from the second electrode can move toward the emission layer through the electron transport zone. Carriers such as holes and electrons recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. SUMMARY

[0005] Aspects according to one or more embodiments relate to a light-emitting device including a fused ring compound and an electronic device including the same, which have desirable (e.g., excellent) luminous efficiency and high stability.

[0006] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description and / or the attached drawings.

[0007] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,

[0008] wherein the intermediate layer further includes a hole transport zone between the first electrode and the emission layer,

[0009] The hole transport zone includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof, and

[0010] The emission layer includes at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1:

[0011] Formula 1

[0012]

[0013] Formula 201

[0014]

[0015] Formula 202

[0016]

[0017] In Equation 1,

[0018] X1 and X2 are each independently O or S.

[0019] Rings CY0 to CY6 are each independently C5-C. 30 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, wherein at least one of ring CY3 and ring CY6 is not phenyl.

[0020] R0 to R6 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0021] a0 to a6 are each an independent integer selected from 0 to 20.

[0022] R 10a for:

[0023] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0024] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted:60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=0)(Q 11 ), -S(=0)2(Q 11 ), -P(=0)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0025] each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 arylthio: deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=0)(Q 21 ), -S(=0)2(Q 21 ), -P(=0)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0026] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0027] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or each of the following unsubstituted or deuterated, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0028] Among them, in equations 201 and 202,

[0029] L 201 To L 204 Each independently is either unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0030] L 205 For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0031] each of xa1 to xa4 is independently an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0032] xa5 is an integer selected from 1 to 10,

[0033] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 each independently is an unsubstituted or substituted C5-C 10a carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, 10a 60

[0034] R 201 and R 202 are optionally connected to each other via a single bond, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C5 alkylene group or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, to form an unsubstituted or substituted C8-C 10a 10a 10a 60 polycyclic group,

[0035] R 203 and R 204 are optionally connected to each other via a single bond, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C5 alkylene group or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, to form an unsubstituted or substituted C8-C 10a 10a 10a 60 polycyclic group,

[0036] na1 is an integer selected from 1 to 4, and * and *' each indicate a binding site to an adjacent atom.

[0037] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,

[0038] wherein the light-emitting device further includes a second cover layer outside the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6, and

[0039] The emission layer includes at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0040] According to one or more embodiments, the electronic device includes a thin film transistor in addition to the light-emitting device, wherein the thin film transistor includes a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the thin film transistor.​​​​​​​​ Attached Figure Description

[0041] Certain embodiments of this disclosure, as well as other aspects, features, and enhancements, will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device according to an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to another embodiment; and

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Reference will now be made in more detail to embodiments, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. In this respect, embodiments may take different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, embodiments are described below only by reference to the accompanying drawings to explain various aspects of this specification. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related list items. Throughout this disclosure, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” means only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0046] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the fused ring compound is represented by Formula 1:

[0047] Formula 1

[0048]

[0049] In Equation 1, X1 and X2 can each be O or S independently.

[0050] For example, X1 can be O or S.

[0051] For example, X2 can be O or S.

[0052] In Equation 1, rings CY0 to CY6 can each be independently C5-C. 30 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, wherein at least one of the ring CY3 and ring CY6 may not be phenyl.

[0053] In embodiments, each of ring CY0to ring CY6may be independently phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzoborolyl, benzo phospholyl, indenyl, benzasilolyl, benzagermolyl, benzothienyl, benzoselenophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzoborolyl, dibenzophospholyl, fluorenyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzogermolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzoselenophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxideyl, 9H-fluoren-9-onyl, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxideyl, azaindolyl, azabenzoborolyl, azabenzophospholyl, azaindenyl, azabenzasilolyl, azabenzagermolyl, azabenzothienyl, azabenzoselenophenyl, azabenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzoborolyl, azadibenzophospholyl, azofluorenyl, azadibenzosilolyl, azodibenzogermyl, azodibenzothienyl, azodibenzoselenophenyl, azodibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene-5-oxideyl, azo-9H-fluoren-9-onyl, azodibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxideyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, quinazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolyl, or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolyl, wherein at least one of ring CY3and ring CY6may not be phenyl.

[0054] For example, at least one of ring CY0to ring CY2may be phenyl.

[0055] In one or more embodiments, at least one of ring CY3and ring CY6may be fluorenyl, carbazolyl, dibenzofuranyl, or dibenzothienyl.

[0056] In one or more embodiments, the group represented by in Formula 1 can be a group represented by any one of Formula CY3-1 to Formula CY3-3:

[0057]

[0058] In Formula CY3-1 to Formula CY3-3, X1, Ring CY1, Ring CY4, R1, R3, R4, a1, and a4 can each independently be the same as described in this specification, respectively, * and *' each indicate a site of fusion (e.g., connection) with Ring CY0 in Formula 1, X 31 may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 31a )(R 31b ), Si(R 31a )(R 31b ), or N(R 31a ), X 32 may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 32a )(R 32b ), Si(R 32a )(R 32b ), or N(R 32a ), X 31 and X 32 may both not be a single bond, R 31a , R 31b , R 32a , and R 32b may each independently be the same as described in connection with R3, and a36may be an integer selected from 0 to 6.

[0059] For example, the group represented by in Formula 1may be represented by any one of Formula CY3(1) to CY3(6):

[0060]

[0061] In Formula CY3(1) to Formula CY3(6), X1, Ring CY1, Ring CY4, R1, R3, R4, a1, and a4 can each independently be the same as described in this specification, respectively, * and *' each indicate a site of fusion (e.g., connection) with Ring CY0 in Formula 1, X 31 may be O, S, Se, C(R 31a )(R 31b ), Si(R 31a )(R 31b ), or N(R 31a ), X 32 may be O, S, Se, C(R 32a )(R 32b ), Si(R 32a )(R 32b ), or N(R 32a ), R 31a , R 31b , R 32a , and R 32b may each independently be the same as described in connection with R3, and a36may be an integer selected from 0 to 6.

[0062] In one or more embodiments, the group represented by in Formula 1 can be a group represented by any one of Formula CY6-1 to Formula CY6-4:

[0063]

[0064] In Formula CY6-1 to Formula CY6-4, X2, Ring CY2, Ring CY5, R2, R5, R6, a2, and a5 can each independently be the same as described in this specification, respectively, * and *' each indicate a site of fusion (e.g., connection) with Ring CY0 in Formula 1, X 61 may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 61a )(R 61b ), Si(R 61a )(R 61b ), or N(R 61a ), X 62 may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 62a )(R 62b ), Si(R 62a )(R 62b ), or N(R 62a ), X 61 and X 62 may both not be a single bond, R 61a , R 61b , R 62a , and R 62b may each independently be the same as described in connection with R6, a64may be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and a66may be an integer selected from 0 to 6.

[0065] For example, the group represented by in Formula 1 can be represented by any one of Formula CY6(1) to Formula CY6(6) and Formula CY6-4:

[0066]

[0067] In Formula CY6(1) to Formula CY6(6) and Formula CY6-4, X2, Ring CY2, Ring CY5, R2, R5, R6, a2, and a5 can each independently be the same as described in this specification, respectively, * and *' each indicate a site of fusion (e.g., connection) with Ring CY0 in Formula 1, X 61 may be O, S, Se, C(R 61a )(R 61b ), Si(R 61a )(R 61b ), or N(R 61a ), X 62 may be O, S, Se, C(R62a (R) 62b ), Si(R) 62a (R) 62b ) or N(R 62a ), R 61a R 61b R 62a and R 62b Each can be independently described in conjunction with R6, a64 can be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and a66 can be an integer selected from 0 to 6.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, at least one of cyclic CY4 and cyclic CY5 may be phenyl.

[0069] In Formula 1, R0 to R6 can each be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2). Here, R 10a Q1 to Q3 can each be independently identical to those described in this specification.

[0070] In the implementation method, R0 to R6 can each be independently:

[0071] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0072] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C2-C 20 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=0)(Q 31 ), -S(=0)2(Q 31 ), -P(=0)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) or any combination thereof;

[0073] cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzophenanthryl, pyryl, pyrimidyl, pyrazyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzquinolyl, quinoxalyl, quinazolyl, cinnolyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzisothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl or imidazopyrimidinyl:

[0074] deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkynyl, C1-C 20alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzophenanthryl, pyrenyl, perylenyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ), -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), or any combination thereof; or

[0075] -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), or -C(=O)(Q1).

[0076] In one or more embodiments, at least one of R0to R6may be hydrogen.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, at least one of R4and R5may be hydrogen.

[0078] In Formula 1, a0to a6may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 20.

[0079] In embodiments, a0to a6may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0080] In one or more embodiments, at least one of a0to a2may be 0.

[0081] In Formula 1, a portion of the group represented by and a portion of the group represented by (e.g., the respective portions) can be the same as each other. For example, ring CY3and ring CY6may be the same as each other, ring CY4and ring CY5may be the same as each other, and / or R3and R6may be the same as each other.

[0082] In an embodiment, the ring CY3 and the ring CY6 can be the same as each other.

[0083] In one or more embodiments, the ring CY3 and the ring CY6 can be the same as each other, and R3 and R6 can be the same as each other.

[0084] In one or more embodiments, the ring CY4 and the ring CY5 can be the same as each other.

[0085] In an embodiment, the fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be one of compounds 1 to 56:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] The fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 can have a wide plate-like structure.

[0089] In the fused ring group, i) since at least one of the ring CY3 and the ring CY6 is not a phenyl group, the fused ring group can have a wide plate-like structure due to the fused ring, and thus the surrounding of the boron atom can be variably strong. Accordingly, the trigonal planar structure of the boron atom can be maintained in structural rigidity (thereby reducing or preventing deterioration in which the structure becomes a tetrahedral structure when reacting with other nucleophiles). In addition, multiple resonance can be activated, the f-value can increase, and ΔE ST can be reduced, thereby improving light extraction efficiency. In addition, in the fused ring compound, ii) since the N atom is included in the five-ring structure, the single bond portion in the fused structure can be reduced, thereby increasing the stability of the material and obtaining the effect of extending the absorption band by reducing the Stokes shift. Accordingly, the fused ring compound can be used as a high-efficiency delayed fluorescence light-emitting material, and in this regard, an electronic device (for example, an organic light-emitting device) including the fused ring compound can have a low driving voltage, a desired (for example, excellent) light efficiency, and a long lifespan.

[0090] A person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize a method of synthesizing the fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 by referring to the examples provided below.

[0091] At least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be utilized in a light-emitting device (for example, an organic light-emitting device).

[0092] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, a light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and a middle layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the middle layer further includes a hole transport zone between the first electrode and the emission layer, the hole transport zone includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof, and the emission layer includes at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1:

[0093] Formula 201

[0094]

[0095] Formula 202

[0096]

[0097] In equations 201 and 202,

[0098] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0099] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0100] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 5 independently.

[0101] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0102] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0103] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10asubstituted C2-C5 alkenylene groups are linked to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group,

[0104] R 203 and R 204 may be optionally substituted with a single bond, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C5 alkylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C18 arylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkenylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkylidene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylidene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C8-C18 arylidene group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkylidene group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkenylidene group, 10a substituted C1-C5 alkylene group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, 10a substituted C2-C5 alkenylene groups are linked to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group, 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group, and

[0105] na1may be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0106] In one or more embodiments,

[0107] The first electrode of the light-emitting device can be an anode,

[0108] The second electrode of the light-emitting device can be a cathode,

[0109] The intermediate layer can further include an electron transport zone between the emission layer and the second electrode,

[0110] The hole transport zone can include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and

[0111] The electron transport zone can include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0112] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer (e.g., the emission layer) of the light-emitting device can include a dopant and a host, and the host or the dopant can include a fused ring compound. That is, the fused ring compound can be used as a host or a dopant.

[0113] The emission layer can emit red light, green light, blue light, and / or white light. For example, the emission layer can emit blue light or blue-green light. For example, the blue light or blue-green light can have a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 400 nm to about 500 nm.

[0114] For example, the emission layer can have a lowest excited triplet energy level equal to or greater than 2.4 eV and equal to or less than 3.1 eV.

[0115] The fused ring compound included in the emission layer can be used as a delayed fluorescence dopant to emit delayed fluorescence from the emission layer.

[0116] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device can include:

[0117] a first cover layer located outside the first electrode (e.g., on a side opposite to the second electrode);

[0118] a second cover layer located outside the second electrode (e.g., on a side opposite to the first electrode); or

[0119] the first cover layer and the second cover layer.

[0120] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, a light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,

[0121] wherein the light-emitting device can further include a second cover layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6, and

[0122] the emission layer includes at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0123] In an embodiment, an encapsulating portion (e.g., an encapsulating layer) can be located on the second cover layer. The encapsulating portion can be located on the light-emitting device to protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen.

[0124] In an embodiment, the encapsulating portion can include:

[0125] an inorganic film including silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof;

[0126] an organic film including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or any combination thereof; or

[0127] a combination of the inorganic film and the organic film.

[0128] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, an electronic device includes a light-emitting device. The electronic device can further include a thin film transistor.

[0129] For example, the electronic device can further include a thin film transistor including a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device can be electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

[0130] In an embodiment, the electronic device can further include a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touch screen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof. For example, the electronic device can be a flat panel electronic device, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0131] A more detailed description of the electronic device can be the same as described above.

[0132] In the present specification, the expression “(intermediate layer) includes a fused ring compound” can be interpreted to mean “(intermediate layer) can include one fused ring compound of Formula 1 or two different fused ring compounds of Formula 1.”

[0133] For example, the intermediate layer can include only Compound 1 as a fused ring compound. In embodiments, Compound 1 can be included in an emission layer of the light-emitting device. In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer can include Compound 1 and Compound 2 as fused ring compounds. In this regard, Compound 1 and Compound 2 can be present in the same layer (e.g., both Compound 1 and Compound 2 can be present in the emission layer) or in different layers (e.g., Compound 1 can be present in the emission layer and Compound 2 can be present in the electron transport region).

[0134] The term “intermediate layer” as used herein refers to a single layer and / or all of a plurality of layers positioned between a first electrode and a second electrode of a light-emitting device.

[0135] [ Figure 1 Description of FIGS. 1-4]

[0136] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device 10 according to embodiments. The light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0137] The structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to embodiments and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 will be described below with reference to Figure 1

[0138] [First electrode 110]

[0139] In Figure 1 In the present specification, the expression “(intermediate layer) includes a fused ring compound” can be interpreted to mean “(intermediate layer) can include one fused ring compound of Formula 1 or two different fused ring compounds of Formula 1.”

[0140] For example, the first electrode 110 can be formed by depositing or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a high work function material that can be suitably (e.g., easily) doped with holes can be used as the material for forming the first electrode 110.

[0141] ​The first electrode 110 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, a material used to form the first electrode 110 can include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof can be used as a material used to form the first electrode 110.

[0142] The first electrode 110 can have a single-layer structure composed of a single layer or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers. In an embodiment, the first electrode 110 can have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0143] [Intermediate layer 130]

[0144] The intermediate layer 130 is located on the first electrode 110. The intermediate layer 130 includes an emission layer.

[0145] The intermediate layer 130 can further include a hole transport zone located between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer, and an electron transport zone located between the emission layer and the second electrode 150.

[0146] In addition to various appropriate organic materials, the intermediate layer 130 can further include a metal-containing compound (such as an organic metal compound) and / or an inorganic material (such as a quantum dot), etc.

[0147] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer 130 can include i) two or more emission units sequentially stacked between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150, and ii) a charge generation layer located between two adjacent emission units among the two or more emission units. When the intermediate layer 130 includes the two or more emission units and the charge generation layer as described above, the light-emitting device 10 can be a tandem light-emitting device.

[0148] [Hole transport zone in intermediate layer 130]

[0149] The hole transport zone can have i) a single-layer structure (e.g., composed of a single layer) including a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure (e.g., composed of a single layer) including a plurality of different materials (e.g., composed of a plurality of different materials), or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers containing different materials.

[0150] The hole transport zone can include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0151] For example, the hole transport zone can have a multi-layer structure including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, in which, in each structure, the constituent layers are stacked in the order stated in each on the first electrode 110.

[0152] The hole transport zone can include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof, as described above:

[0153] Formula 201

[0154]

[0155] Formula 202

[0156]

[0157] In Formula 201 and Formula 202,

[0158] L 201 to L 204 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C5-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0159] L 205 may be *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 20 alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C2-C 20 alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0160] xa1to xa4may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0161] xa5may be an integer selected from 1 to 10,

[0162] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R10a substituted C5-C 60 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0163] R 201 and R 202 may be optionally connected to each other via a single bond, a C1-C5 alkylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C5 alkylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group (for example, refer to compound HT16 below),

[0164] R 203 and R 204 may be optionally connected to each other via a single bond, a C1-C5 alkylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C5 alkylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C2-C5 alkenylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group, and

[0165] na1may be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0166] For example, formula 201 and formula 202 can each include at least one of the groups represented by formula CY201 to formula CY217:

[0167]

[0168] In formula CY201 to formula CY217, R 10b and R 10c may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 10a ring CY 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be a C3-C 20 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 20 heterocyclic group, and at least one hydrogen in formula CY201 to formula CY217 can be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted.

[0169] In embodiments, ring CY 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, or an anthryl group.

[0170] In one or more embodiments, Formula 201 and Formula 202 can each include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to CY203.

[0171] In one or more embodiments, Formula 201 can include at least one group represented by Formula CY201 to CY203 and at least one group represented by Formula CY204 to CY217.

[0172] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, xa1may be 1, R 201 may be a group represented by any one of Formula CY201 to CY203, xa2may be 0, and R 202 may be a group represented by any one of Formula CY204 to CY207.

[0173] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include any of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to CY203.

[0174] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include any of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to CY203, and can include at least one group represented by Formula CY204 to CY217.

[0175] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include any of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217.

[0176] For example, the hole transport zone can include one of compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), 9-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-3,6-bis(triphenylsilyl)-9H-carbazole (CzSi), or any combination thereof:

[0177]

[0178]

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] The thickness of the hole transport zone can be in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the hole transport zone, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0182] The emission auxiliary layer can increase light emission efficiency by compensating for an optical resonance distance according to a wavelength of light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block the flow of electrons from the electron transport zone. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blocking layer can include materials as described above.

[0183] [p-dopant]

[0184] In addition to these materials, the hole transport zone can further include a charge generating material for improving the electrical conductivity properties. The charge generating material can be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport zone (e.g., in the form of a single layer consisting of the charge generating material).

[0185] For example, the charge generating material can be a p-dopant.

[0186] In an embodiment, the p-dopant can have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level equal to or less than -3.5 eV.

[0187] In an embodiment, the p-dopant can include a quinone derivative, a cyano-containing compound, a compound containing elements EL1 and EL2 (to be described in more detail below), or any combination thereof.

[0188] Non-limiting examples of the quinone derivative are TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0189] Non-limiting examples of the cyano-containing compound are HAT-CN and a compound represented by Formula 221:

[0190]

[0191] Formula 221

[0192]

[0193] In Equation 221,

[0194] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0195] R 221 To R 223 At least one of them can be independently replaced by C3-C respectively. 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C1-C substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof 20 Alkyl groups; or any combination thereof.

[0196] Regarding compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2, element EL1 can be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and element EL2 can be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0197] Non-limiting examples of metals include: alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and / or cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and / or barium (Ba); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (… Co, rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and / or gold (Au); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In) and / or tin (Sn); and lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and / or lutetium (Lu).

[0198] Non-limiting examples of metalloids are silicon (Si), antimony (Sb) and tellurium (Te).

[0199] Non-limiting examples of non-metals are oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, CI, Br, I, etc.).

[0200] For example, a compound containing elements EL1and EL2may be a metal oxide, a metal halide (e.g., a metal fluoride, a metal chloride, a metal bromide, and / or a metal iodide), a metalloid halide (e.g., a metalloid fluoride, a metalloid chloride, a metalloid bromide, and / or a metalloid iodide), a metal telluride, or any combination thereof.

[0201] Non-limiting examples of metal oxides are tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3, and / or W2O5), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2, and / or V2O5), molybdenum oxides (e.g., MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3, and / or Mo2O5), and rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO3).

[0202] Non-limiting examples of metal halides are alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides.

[0203] Non-limiting examples of alkali metal halides are LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCI, NaCI, KCI, RbCI, CsCI, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, Lil, Nal, Kl, Rbl, and Csl.

[0204] Non-limiting examples of alkaline earth metal halides are BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCI2, MgCI2, CaCI2, SrCI2, BaCI2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, Mgl2, Cai2, Sri2, and Bai2.

[0205] Non-limiting examples of transition metal halides are titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4, and / or TiI4), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4, and / or ZrI4), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4, and / or HfI4), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3, and / or VI3), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3, and / or NbI3), tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3, and / or TaI3), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3, and / or CrI3), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3, and / or MoI3), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3, and / or WI3), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2, and / or MnI2), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2, and / or TcI2), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2, and / or ReI2), iron halides (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2, and / or FeI2), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2, and / or RuI2), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2, and / or OsI2), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2, and / or CoI2), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2, and / or RhI2), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2, and / or IrI2), nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2, and / or NiI2), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2, and / or PdI2), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2, and / or PtI2), copper halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr, and / or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr, and / or AgI), and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr, and / or AuI).

[0206] Non-limiting examples of post-transition metal halides are zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, and / or ZnI2), indium halides (e.g., InI3), and tin halides (e.g., SnI2).

[0207] Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal halides are YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3, and SmI3.

[0208] Examples of metalloids halides are antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5).

[0209] Non-limiting examples of metal tellurides are alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li2Te, Na2Te, K2Te, Rb2Te, and / or Cs2Te), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe, and / or BaTe), transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe2, ZrTe2, HfTe2, V2Te3, Nb2Te3, Ta2Te3, Cr2Te3, Mo2Te3, W2Te3, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, FeTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe, and / or Au2Te), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe), and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, and / or LuTe).

[0210] [emissive layer in the intermediate layer 130]

[0211] When the light emitting device 10 is a full color light emitting device, the emissive layer can be patterned into a red emissive layer, a green emissive layer, and / or a blue emissive layer according to sub-pixels. In embodiments, the emissive layer can have a stack structure of two or more layers of a red emissive layer, a green emissive layer, and a blue emissive layer, in which the two or more layers are in contact with each other or separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emissive layer can include two or more materials among a red light emitting material, a green light emitting material, and a blue light emitting material, in which the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0212] The emissive layer can include a host and a dopant. The dopant can include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0213] The amount of the dopant in the emissive layer can be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the host.

[0214] In one or more embodiments, the emissive layer can include quantum dots.

[0215] In one embodiment, the emission layer can include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material can be used as a host or a dopant in the emission layer.

[0216] The thickness of the emission layer can be in a range of about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the emission layer is in these ranges, proper (e.g., excellent) light emission characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0217] [Host]

[0218] In embodiments, the host can include a compound represented by Formula 301:

[0219] Formula 301

[0220] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0221] In Formula 301,

[0222] Ar 301 and L 301 may each independently be a C5-C 10a carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 or a C1-C 10a heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0223] xb11may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0224] xb1may be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0225] R 301 may be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C1-C 10a alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , a C2-C 10a alkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , a C2-C 10a alkynyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , a C1-C 10a alkoxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , or a C3-C 10a cycloalkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),

[0226] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

[0227] Q 301 To Q 303 Each can be independently described as identical to the one in conjunction with Q1.

[0228] In one or more embodiments, when xb11 in formula 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0229] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0230] Formula 301-1

[0231]

[0232] Formula 301-2

[0233]

[0234] Among them, in equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0235] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0236] X 301 Can be O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C(R304 ) or Si(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 ) or Si(R 305 ),

[0237] xb22and xb23may each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

[0238] L 301 , xb1, and R 301 may each independently be the same as described in the specification,

[0239] L 302 to L 304 may each independently be the same as described in connection with L 301 , and

[0240] xb2to xb4may each independently be the same as described in connection with xb1, and

[0241] R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 301 .

[0242] In one or more embodiments, the host can include an alkaline earth metal complex. In embodiments, the host can be a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0243] In embodiments, the host can include one of compounds H1 to H124, 9,10- di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or any combination thereof, although embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0244]

[0245]

[0246]

[0247]

[0248]

[0249]

[0250] [Delayed fluorescence material]

[0251] The emission layer can include a delayed fluorescence material.

[0252] The delayed fluorescence material used herein can be selected from any compound capable of emitting delayed fluorescence based on a delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0253] Depending on the kind (e.g., type) of other materials included in the emission layer, the delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer can function as a host or a dopant.

[0254] In an embodiment, a difference between a triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material and a singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material can be equal to or greater than 0 eV and equal to or less than 0.5 eV. When the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material is within the above range, up-conversion of the delayed fluorescence material from a triplet state to a singlet state can be effectively induced, and thus, the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be improved.

[0255] In an embodiment, the delayed fluorescence material can include i) a material including at least one electron donor (e.g., a C3-C 60 cyclic group, such as a carbazolyl group) and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., a sulfoxide group, a cyano group, and / or a C1-C 60 cyclic group containing a π-electron depleted nitrogen), and / or ii) a material including a C8-C 60 polycyclic group, in which two or more cyclic groups share boron (B) and are fused to each other. 60 cyclic group, such as a carbazolyl group) and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., a sulfoxide group, a cyano group, and / or a C1-C

[0256] The delayed fluorescence material can include at least one of compounds DF1 to DF9:

[0257]

[0258] [Quantum dot]

[0259] The emission layer can include a quantum dot.

[0260] The term "quantum dot" as used herein refers to a crystal of a semiconductor compound, and can include any material capable of emitting light of various appropriate emission wavelengths according to the size of the crystal.

[0261] For example, the diameter of the quantum dot can be in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0262] The quantum dot can be synthesized by a wet-chemical process, an organometallic chemical vapor deposition process, a molecular beam epitaxy process, or a process similar to these processes.

[0263] The wet-chemical process refers to a method of mixing a solvent and a precursor material and then growing a quantum dot particle crystal. When the crystal grows, an organic solvent is used as a dispersant that naturally coordinates on the surface of the quantum dot crystal and controls the crystal growth. Accordingly, by using a process (such as a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process and / or a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) process) that is easy to perform at a low cost compared to a gas phase deposition process, the growth of the quantum dot particle can be controlled.

[0264] The quantum dot can include: a group II-VI semiconductor compound; a group III-V semiconductor compound; a group III-VI semiconductor compound; a group I-III-VI semiconductor compound; a group IV-VI semiconductor compound; a group IV element or compound; or any combination thereof.

[0265] Non-limiting examples of the group II-VI semiconductor compound are: a binary compound such as CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, and / or MgS; a ternary compound such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, and / or MgZnS; a quaternary compound such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, and / or HgZnSTe; or any combination thereof.

[0266] Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds are: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and / or GaAlNP; or any combination thereof. The Group III-V semiconductor compounds can further include a Group II element. Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds further including a Group II element are InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0267] Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds are: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and / or GaAlNP; or any combination thereof. The Group III-V semiconductor compounds can further include a Group II element. Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds further including a Group II element are InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0268] Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds are: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and / or GaAlNP; or any combination thereof. The Group III-V semiconductor compounds can further include a Group II element. Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds further including a Group II element are InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0269] Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds are: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and / or GaAlNP; or any combination thereof. The Group III-V semiconductor compounds can further include a Group II element. Non-limiting examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds further including a Group II element are InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0270] In embodiments, the Group IV element or compound can include: a single element compound such as Si and / or Ge; a binary compound such as SiC and / or SiGe; or any combination thereof.

[0271] Each element included in the multi-element compound, such as binary compounds, ternary compounds, and quaternary compounds, can be present in the particle in a uniform concentration or a non-uniform concentration.

[0272] In one embodiment, the quantum dot can have a single structure or a double structure of core-shell, the single structure having a uniform concentration of each element included in the corresponding quantum dot. For example, the material included in the core can be different from the material included in the shell.

[0273] The shell of the quantum dot can function as a protective layer for maintaining the semiconductor property by preventing or reducing chemical degradation of the core, and / or can function as a charging layer for imparting electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of the element present in the shell decreases toward the center.

[0274] Non-limiting examples of the shell of the quantum dot are metal and / or non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of the metal and / or non-metal oxides are binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and / or NiO; ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and / or CoMn2O4; or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of the semiconductor compounds, as described herein, are Group III-VI semiconductor compounds; Group II-VI semiconductor compounds; Group III-V semiconductor compounds; Group III-VI semiconductor compounds; Group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds; Group IV-VI semiconductor compounds; or any combination thereof. For example, the semiconductor compound can include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, or any combination thereof.

[0275] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of the quantum dot can be equal to or less than about 45 nm, for example, equal to or less than about 40 nm, or, equal to or less than about 30 nm. When the FWHM of the emission wavelength spectrum of the quantum dot is within the above range, color purity and / or color reproducibility can be improved. In addition, light emitted by such a quantum dot is irradiated in all directions (e.g., in all directions). Accordingly, a wide viewing angle can be increased.

[0276] Additionally, for example, the quantum dots can be spherical nanoparticles, pyramidal nanoparticles, multi-armed nanoparticles, cubic nanoparticles, nanotube particles, nanowire particles, nanofiber particles, or nanoplate particles.

[0277] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the energy band gap can also be adjusted, thereby obtaining light of various appropriate wavelengths in the quantum dot emissive layer. Thus, by using quantum dots of different sizes, light emitting devices that emit light of various appropriate wavelengths can be implemented. In embodiments, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red light, green light, and / or blue light. Additionally, the size of the quantum dots can be configured (e.g., selected) to allow for a combination of light of various appropriate colors in order to emit white light.

[0278] [Electron transport region in interlayer 130]

[0279] The electron transport region can have i) a single layer structure (e.g., consisting of a single layer) comprising a single material (e.g., consisting of a single material), ii) a single layer structure (e.g., consisting of a single layer) comprising a plurality of different materials (e.g., consisting of a plurality of different materials), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising a plurality of layers containing different materials.

[0280] The electron transport region can include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0281] For example, the electron transport region can have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, where in each structure, the layers are stacked in the order of each recited, on the emissive layer.

[0282] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can include a metal-free compound comprising at least one C1-C20 60 cyclic group.

[0283] In embodiments, the electron transport region can include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0284] Formula 601

[0285] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0286] wherein, in Formula 601,

[0287] Ar 601 and L 601 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0288] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0289] xe1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0290] R 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0291] Q 601 To Q 603 Each can be independently described in conjunction with Q1.

[0292] xe21 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0293] Ar 601 L 601 and R 601 At least one of them can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R. 10a C1-C of nitrogen with depleted π electrons substituted 60 Cyclic groups.

[0294] In one or more embodiments, when xe11 in formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0295] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene group.

[0296] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by formula 601-1:

[0297] Formula 601-1

[0298]

[0299] In Formula 601-1,

[0300] X 614 may be N or C(R 614 ), X 615 may be N or C(R 615 ), X 616 may be N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 at least one of X 616 may be N,

[0301] L 611 to L 613 may each independently be the same as described in connection with L 601

[0302] xe611to xe613may each independently be the same as described in connection with xe1,

[0303] R 611 to R 613 may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 601 , and

[0304] R 614 to R 616 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, a C3-C 10a carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , or a C1-C 10a heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 .

[0305] For example, xe1and xe611to xe613in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0306] The electron transport zone can include one of compounds ET1to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, diphenyl(4- (triphenylsilyl)phenyl)phosphine oxide (TSPO1), 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2- yl)benzene (TPBI), or any combination thereof:

[0307] ​

[0308]

[0309]

[0310] The thickness of the electron transport region can be in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. to about 1000 nm. For example, in a range from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm. When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, and / or the electron transport layer is in these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0311] In addition to the materials described above, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can further include a metal-containing material.

[0312] The metal-containing material can include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex can be a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, a Rb ion, and / or a Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can be a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Sr ion, and / or a Ba ion. The ligand coordinated to the metal ion of the alkali metal complex and / or the alkaline earth metal complex can be a hydroxyquinoline, a hydroxyisoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxyacridine, a hydroxyphenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyl-oxazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-oxadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-pyridine, a hydroxyphenyl-benzimidazole, a hydroxyphenyl-benzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, a cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0313] In embodiments, the metal-containing material can include a Li complex. For example, the Li complex can include the compound ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0314]

[0315] The electron transport region can include an electron injection layer that facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer can directly contact the second electrode 150.

[0316] The electron injection layer can have: i) a single layer structure composed of a single layer composed of a single material, ii) a single layer structure composed of a single layer composed of multiple different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure including multiple layers including different materials.

[0317] The electron injection layer can include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0318] The alkali metal can include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal can include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal can include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0319] The alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, and the rare earth metal-containing compound can be an oxide and / or a halide (e.g., a fluoride, a chloride, a bromide, and / or an iodide), a telluride, or any combination thereof of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0320] The alkali metal-containing compound can be an alkali metal oxide (such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O), an alkali metal halide (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI), or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal-containing compound can include an alkaline earth metal oxide, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1). The rare earth metal-containing compound can include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, the rare earth metal-containing compound can include a lanthanide telluride. Non-limiting examples of lanthanide tellurides are LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, and Lu2Te3.

[0321] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may include i) one of the metal ions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals, and ii) as ligands linked to the metal ions, such as hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenidine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0322] The electron-injected layer may include (for example, composed of): alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof, or may further include organic materials (for example, compounds represented by formula 601).

[0323] In embodiments, the electron-injected layer may include (e.g., composed of): i) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide), or ii) a) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); and b) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, the electron-injected layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer or an RbI:Yb co-deposited layer.

[0324] When the electron injection layer further includes organic materials, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the matrix including the organic materials.

[0325] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within the range described above, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage when the thickness of the electron injection layer is within that range.

[0326] [Second electrode 150]

[0327] The second electrode 150 may be located on the intermediate layer 130 having this structure. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode, which is an electron injection electrode, and the material used to form the second electrode 150 may be a metal, alloy, conductive compound, or any combination thereof, each having a low work function.

[0328] The second electrode 150 can include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or a combination thereof. The second electrode 150 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0329] The second electrode 150 can have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0330] [cover layer]

[0331] The first cover layer can be located on the outer side of the first electrode 110 (e.g., on the side opposite the second electrode), and / or the second cover layer can be located on the outer side of the second electrode 150 (e.g., on the side opposite the first electrode). For example, the light emitting device 10 can have a structure in which the first cover layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, and the second electrode 150 are sequentially stacked in the order stated; a structure in which the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second cover layer are sequentially stacked in the order stated; or a structure in which the first cover layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second cover layer are sequentially stacked in the order stated.

[0332] Light generated in the emission layer of the intermediate layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 can be extracted (e.g., emitted) toward the outside through the first electrode 110 and the first cover layer, each of which can include a semi-transmissive material (e.g., be a semi-transmissive electrode or layer) or a transmissive material (e.g., be a transmissive electrode or layer), or light generated in the emission layer of the intermediate layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 can be extracted (e.g., emitted) toward the outside through the second electrode 150 and the second cover layer, each of which can include a semi-transmissive material (e.g., be a semi-transmissive electrode or layer) or a transmissive material (e.g., be a transmissive electrode or layer).

[0333] The first cover layer and the second cover layer can increase external light emission efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference. Accordingly, light extraction efficiency of the light emitting device 10 can be increased, and thus light emission efficiency of the light emitting device 10 can also be improved.

[0334] The first cover layer and the second cover layer can each include a material having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6 (at 589 nm).

[0335] The first cover layer and the second cover layer can each independently be an organic cover layer including an organic material, an inorganic cover layer including an inorganic material, or a composite cover layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0336] At least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amine group-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or a combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine group-containing compound can be optionally substituted with a substituent containing O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include an amine group-containing compound.

[0337] In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0338] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include a compound selected from Compounds HT28 to HT33, Compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof:

[0339]

[0340] [Electronic device]

[0341] The light emitting device can be included in various appropriate electronic devices. In an embodiment, an electronic device including the light emitting device can be a light emitting device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0342] In addition to the light emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., a light emitting device) can further include i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer can be located in at least one traveling direction of light emitted from the light emitting device. In an embodiment, the light emitted from the light emitting device can be blue light or white light. The light emitting device can be the same as described above. In an embodiment, the color conversion layer can include quantum dots. For example, the quantum dots can be the same as the quantum dots described above.

[0343] The electronic device can include a first substrate. The first substrate can include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, the color filter can include a plurality of color filter regions respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the color conversion layer can include a plurality of color conversion regions respectively corresponding to the sub-pixel regions.

[0344] A pixel defining film can be located between the plurality of sub-pixel regions to define each of the sub-pixel regions.

[0345] The color filter can further include a plurality of color filter regions and a light blocking pattern located between adjacent color filter regions of the plurality of color filter regions, and the color conversion layer can further include a plurality of color conversion regions and a light blocking pattern located between adjacent color conversion regions of the plurality of color conversion regions.

[0346] The plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) can include a first region emitting first color light, a second region emitting second color light, and / or a third region emitting third color light, and the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first color light can be red light, the second color light can be green light, and the third color light can be blue light. For example, the plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) can include quantum dots. For example, the first region can include red quantum dots (e.g., red light emitting quantum dots), the second region can include green quantum dots (e.g., green light emitting quantum dots), and the third region can not include quantum dots. The quantum dots can be the same as described in the present specification. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region can further include a scattering body (e.g., a scatterer).

[0347] For example, the light emitting device can emit first light, the first region can absorb the first light to emit first first color light, the second region can absorb the first light to emit second first color light, and the third region can absorb the first light to emit third first color light. In this regard, the first first color light, the second first color light, and the third first color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In one embodiment, the first light can be blue light, the first first color light can be red light, the second first color light can be green light, and the third first color light can be blue light.

[0348] In addition to the light emitting device 10 described above, the electronic device can further include a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor can include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer (e.g., an active layer), in which the source electrode or the drain electrode can be electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode of the light emitting device.

[0349] The thin film transistor can further include a gate electrode and / or a gate insulating layer, etc.

[0350] The active layer can include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, and / or an oxide semiconductor, etc.

[0351] The electronic device can further include a sealing portion (e.g., a sealing layer) for sealing the light emitting device. The sealing portion can be located between the color filter and the light emitting device and / or between the color conversion layer and the light emitting device. The sealing portion allows light to be extracted (e.g., emitted) from the light emitting device 10 to the outside while simultaneously or synchronously preventing or substantially preventing external air and moisture from penetrating into the light emitting device 10. The sealing portion can be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion can be a thin film encapsulation layer including at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the electronic device can be flexible.

[0352] In addition to the color filter and / or the color conversion layer, various appropriate functional layers can be further located on the sealing portion according to the use of the electronic device. The functional layer can include a touch screen layer and / or a polarizing layer, etc. The touch screen layer can be a pressure sensitive touch screen layer, a capacitive touch screen layer, and / or an infrared touch screen layer. The authentication device can be, for example, a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual by using biometric information of a biometric body (e.g., a fingertip and / or a pupil, etc.).

[0353] In addition to the light emitting device, the authentication device can further include a biometric information collector.

[0354] The electronic device can be applied to various appropriate displays, light sources, illuminations, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, electronic game machines, medical tools (e.g., electronic thermometers, sphygmomanometers, blood glucose meters, pulse measurement devices, pulse wave measurement devices, electrocardiogram displays, ultrasonic diagnostic devices, and / or endoscope displays), fish finders, various appropriate measurement tools, meters (e.g., meters for vehicles, airplanes, and ships), and / or projectors, etc.

[0355] [ Figure 2 and Figure 3 described]

[0356] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0357] Figure 2 The light emitting device of includes a substrate 100, a thin film transistor (TFT), a light emitting device, and a sealing portion 300 for sealing the light emitting device.

[0358] The substrate 100 can be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 can be located on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 can prevent or substantially prevent impurities from penetrating through the substrate 100 and can provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0359] A TFT can be positioned on the buffer layer 210. The TFT can include an active layer (e.g., an active layer) 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0360] The active layer 220 can include an inorganic semiconductor such as silicon or polysilicon, an organic semiconductor, or an oxide semiconductor, and can include a source region, a drain region, and a channel region.

[0361] A gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 can be positioned on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 can be positioned on the gate insulating film 230.

[0362] An interlayer insulating film 250 can be positioned on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 can be positioned between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the source electrode 260, and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the drain electrode 270.

[0363] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 can be positioned on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 can be formed to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 can be positioned in contact with the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220.

[0364] The TFT can be electrically connected to a light emitting device to drive the light emitting device, and can be covered by a passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 can include an inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, or a combination thereof. A light emitting device can be provided on the passivation layer 280. The light emitting device includes a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0365] The first electrode 110 can be positioned on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 can expose a portion of the drain electrode 270 without completely covering the drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 can be connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0366] A pixel defining layer 290 including an insulating material can be positioned on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 can expose a certain region of the first electrode 110, and the interlayer 130 can be formed in the exposed region of the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 can be a polyimide-based organic film or a polyacrylic-based organic film. In one embodiment, at least one layer or a plurality of layers of the interlayer 130 can extend to an upper portion of the pixel defining layer 290 and can be in the form of a common layer.

[0367] The second electrode 150 can be positioned on the interlayer 130, and a cover layer 170 can be additionally formed on the second electrode 150. The cover layer 170 can be formed to cover the second electrode 150.

[0368] The encapsulating portion 300 can be located on the cover layer 170. The encapsulating portion 300 can be located on the light emitting device to serve as a layer that protects the light emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen. The encapsulating portion 300 can include: an inorganic film (including silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or a combination thereof); an organic film (including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyacrylic acid), an epoxy resin (e.g., an aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE)), or a combination thereof); or a combination of an inorganic film and an organic film.

[0369] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0370] Figure 3 The light emitting apparatus of Figure 2 is the same as the light emitting apparatus of Figure 3 , except that the light blocking pattern 500 and the functional area 400 are additionally located on the encapsulating portion 300. The functional area 400 can be: i) a color filter area, ii) a color conversion area, or iii) a combination of a color filter area and a color conversion area. In an embodiment, the light emitting device included in the light emitting apparatus of

[0371] [Method of Preparation]

[0372] The layer constituting the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region can be formed in a certain region by using one or more appropriate methods selected from the group consisting of vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging.

[0373] When the layer constituting the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition can be performed at a deposition temperature of about 100°C to about 500°C, a vacuum degree of about 10 -8 tor to about 10 -3 tor, and a deposition speed of about to about .

[0374] [Definition of Terms]

[0375] The term "C3-C 60 carbon ring group" as used herein refers to a cyclic group consisting only of carbon as a ring-forming atom and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably C5-C 30Carbocyclic groups or C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, and as used herein by the term "C1-C". 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including heteroatoms as cyclic atoms in addition to carbon, preferably C1-C. 30 Heterocyclic group. C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups can be monocyclic groups consisting of a single ring or groups in which two or more rings are fused together. For example, C1-C 60 The number of cyclic atoms in a heterocyclic group can range from 3 to 61.

[0376] As used in this article, the term "cyclic group" includes C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups.

[0377] As used in this article, “π-electron-rich C3-C” 60 "Cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and excluding *-N=*' as a cyclic moiety, and as used herein, "C1-C containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen". 60 "Cyclic group" refers to a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and also including *-N=*' as the cyclic part.

[0378] For example,

[0379] C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be i) group T1 or ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T1 are fused together (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornel, phenyl, pentaenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indaryl, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenantyl, peryl, penfenyl, heptaenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, keratyl, ovoleyl, indole, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indophenantyl and / or indoanthrayl).

[0380] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group can be i) a group T2, ii) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T2are fused to each other, or iii) a fused ring group in which at least one group T2and at least one group T1are fused to each other (e.g., pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzoindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzoisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, indeno carbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothienyl, benzothienodibenzothienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, benzoquinoxalyl, quinazolyl, benzoquinazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafuorenyl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl, and / or azadibenzofuranyl),

[0381] π-electron rich C3-C 60 The cyclic group can be i) a group T1, ii) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T1are fused to each other, iii) a group T3, iv) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T3are fused to each other, or v) a fused ring group in which at least one group T3and at least one group T1are fused to each other (e.g., C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzoindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzoisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, indeno carbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothienyl, and / or benzothienodibenzothienyl,

[0382] π-electron deficient nitrogen containing C1-C 60The cyclic group can be i) a group T4, ii) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T4are fused to one another, iii) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4and at least one group T1are fused to one another, iv) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4and at least one group T3are fused to one another, or v) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1, and at least one group T3are fused to one another (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, and / or azadibenzofuranyl),

[0383] Group T1may be cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexene, cyclohexadiene, cycloheptene, adamantane, norbornane (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), norbornene, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, or phenyl,

[0384] Group T2may be furanyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl, borolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetrazinyl,

[0385] Group T3may be furanyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl, or borolyl, and

[0386] Group T4may be 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetrazinyl.

[0387] The term “cyclic group,” “C3-C 60carbocyclic group, "C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, "π-electron rich C3-C 60 cyclic group" or "C1-C 60 cyclic group" each refer to a monovalent group or a multivalent group (e.g., a divalent group, a trivalent group, and / or a tetravalent group, etc.) that is fused (e.g., bound together) with a cyclic group. For example, "phenyl" can be a benzo group, a phenyl group, and / or a phenylene group, etc., which can be readily understood by one skilled in the art from the structure of the formula that includes "phenyl."

[0388] In embodiments, monovalent C3-C 60 carbocyclic group and monovalent C1-C 60 heterocyclic group. Non-limiting examples of monovalent C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, and divalent C3-C 60 carbocyclic group and divalent C1-C 60 heterocyclic group. Non-limiting examples of divalent C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, C6-C 60 arylene, C1-C 60 heteroarylene, divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0389] As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 alkyl" refers to a straight chain or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having from 1 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably C1-C 20 alkyl, and non-limiting examples of which are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, i-pentyl, s-pentyl, 3-pentyl, s-i-pentyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, s-hexyl, t-hexyl, n-heptyl, i-heptyl, s-heptyl, t-heptyl, n-octyl, i-octyl, s-octyl, t-octyl, n-nonyl, i-nonyl, s-nonyl, t-nonyl, n-decyl, i-decyl, s-decyl, and t-decyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 alkylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C1-C 60 alkyl, preferably C1-C 20 alkylene, or C1-C5 alkylene.

[0390] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60 The alkyl group has at least one monovalent hydrocarbon group with a carbon-carbon double bond at its middle or end (e.g., end) position, preferably C2-C. 20 Alkenyl, and non-limiting examples include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Alkenyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkenes with divalent groups having the same structure, preferably C2-C 20 Alkenyl or C2-C5 alkenyl.

[0391] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 The alkyl group has at least one monovalent hydrocarbon group with a carbon-carbon triple bond at its middle or end (e.g., end). Preferably, it is C2-C. 20 Alkyne group, and non-limiting examples include ethynyl and propynyl. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Immyneyl" refers to C2-C 60 The alkynyl group is a divalent group with the same structure.

[0392] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 The monovalent group represented by alkyl, preferably C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups, and non-limiting examples include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy groups.

[0393] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornelyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. The term "C3-C" as used herein is also relevant. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have the same divalent structure.

[0394] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10"Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group that includes at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein is also used. 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have divalent groups with the same structure.

[0395] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and being non-aromatic, and non-limiting examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. The term "C3-C" is also used herein. 10 "Biopylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0396] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group that, in addition to 1 to 10 carbon atoms, has at least one heteroatom and at least one double bond in its ring structure. C1-C 10 Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl. The term "C1-C" is used herein. 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0397] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system (with 6 to 60 carbon atoms), and as used herein, "C6-C". 60 "Arylene" refers to a divalent group that has a carbocyclic aromatic system (with 6 to 60 carbon atoms). C6-C 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, pentanenyl, naphthyl, azulel, indole, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentanenyl, heptanenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubiginyl, myristyl, and ovoleyl. When C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may be fused together.

[0398] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent radical having a heterocyclic aromatic system with at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term "C1-C 60 Heteroarylene" refers to a divalent radical having a heterocyclic aromatic system with at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl groups are pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, carbazolyl, diphenylfuranyl, dibenzothienofuranyl, and naphthyridinyl. When C1-C 60 Heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When heteroaryl and C1-C

[0399] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" as used herein refers to a monovalent radical having two or more rings fused to one another, only carbon atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as ring-forming atoms, and no aromaticity throughout its molecular structure (e.g., the entire molecular structure is not aromatic). Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups are indenyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, adamantyl, and indenanthracenyl. The term "divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" as used herein refers to a divalent radical having the same structure as a monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0400] As used herein, the term “monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group” refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, having at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and being non-aromatic throughout its molecular structure (e.g., not aromatic throughout its molecular structure). Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups include pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzosiloxanediyl, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, 9H-xanthyl, dibenzosiloxanediyl, dibenzothiophene, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzosiloxanediyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, and benzyl. The following groups are included: pyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indolecarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzosilicyclopentadienocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthiophene, benzonaphthiophene, benzofuranodibenzofurano, benzofuranodibenzothiophene, adamantylyl, and benzothiophene dibenzothiophene. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0401] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to the group consisting of -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl) represents a monovalent group, and as used herein, the term "C6-C" is used in this document. 60 "Arylthio" refers to the group consisting of -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl group represents a monovalent group.

[0402] As used in this article, the term "R" 10a "Can be:

[0403] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0404] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0405] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted: 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy or C6-C 60 Aryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0406] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31)(Q 32 ), -C(=0)(Q 31 ), -S(=0)2(Q 31 ), or -P(=0)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ).

[0407] In this specification, Q1to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -CI; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or a C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0408] The term "heteroatom" as used herein refers to any atom other than a carbon atom. Non-limiting examples of heteroatoms are O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, and any combination thereof.

[0409] The term "Ph" as used herein refers to phenyl, the term "Me" as used herein refers to methyl, the term "Et" as used herein refers to ethyl, the term "tert-Bu" or "Bu t " as used herein refers to tert-butyl, and the term "OMe" as used herein refers to methoxy.

[0410] The term "biphenyl" as used herein refers to "phenyl substituted with phenyl." In other words, "biphenyl" is phenyl substituted with C6-C 60 aryl as a substituent.

[0411] The term "terphenyl" as used herein refers to "phenyl substituted with biphenyl." In other words, "terphenyl" is C6-C 60 aryl substituted C6-C 60 aryl as a substituent.

[0412] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' each refer to the point of attachment to the adjacent atom in the respective formula.

[0413] Hereinafter, the compound according to the embodiment and the light-emitting device according to the embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and examples. The phrase "use B instead of A" used when describing the synthesis examples means using the same molar equivalent of B instead of A.

[0414] [Examples]

[0415] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

[0416]

[0417] Synthesis of Intermediate 1-1

[0418] 5H-benzofuro[3,2-c]carbazole (1 eq), 2-bromo-1,3-difluorobenzene (1.5 eq), and K3PO4 (2 eq) were dissolved in DMF, and the mixed solution was stirred at a temperature of 160°C for 12 hours. After cooling, the solvent was removed therefrom under reduced pressure, and the resulting product was washed with ethyl acetate and water three times, and dried with MgSO4 and dried under reduced pressure of the organic layer obtained through the extraction process. Then, the resulting product was subjected to column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, so as to obtain Intermediate 1-1. (Yield: 55%)

[0419] Synthesis of Intermediate 1-2

[0420] Resorcinol (1 eq), Intermediate 1-1 (2.1 eq), and K3PO4 (3 eq) were dissolved in DMF, and the mixed solution was stirred at a temperature of 160°C for 12 hours. After cooling, the solvent was removed therefrom under reduced pressure, and the resulting product was washed with ethyl acetate and water three times, and dried with MgSO4 and dried under reduced pressure of the organic layer obtained through the extraction process. Then, the resulting product was subjected to column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, so as to obtain Intermediate 1-2. (Yield: 52%)

[0421] Synthesis of Compound 1

[0422] The intermediate 1-2 (1 eq) was dissolved in o-xylene, and then the mixed solution was cooled to a temperature of 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. n-BuLi (4 eq) was slowly injected thereto, and after the reaction temperature was raised to 70°C, the reaction solution was stirred for 2 hours. Then, after the reaction temperature was raised to 120°C, the reaction solution was stirred for another 2 hours. After the temperature of the reactor was cooled to 0°C, BBr3(5 eq) was slowly injected thereto. After the injection was completed, the reaction solution was stirred for 1 hour. After the temperature of the reactor was cooled to 0°C, triethylamine (6 eq) was injected thereto, and after the temperature was raised to 140°C, the reaction solution was stirred for another 12 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly dropped into the flask including the reaction product to terminate the reaction. Then, ethanol was added to the reaction product for precipitation, so as to obtain a solid product by filtration. The solid product thus obtained was subjected to column chromatography, so as to obtain the compound 1. (Yield: 6%)

[0423] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 3

[0424]

[0425] Synthesis of Intermediate 3-1

[0426] The intermediate 3-1 was synthesized in the same manner as used for preparing the intermediate 1-1, except that 12-phenyl-5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazole was used instead of 5H-benzo[f]cyclohepta[b]pyrrolo[3,2-c]carbazole. (Yield: 62%)

[0427] Synthesis of Intermediate 3-2

[0428] The intermediate 3-2 was synthesized in the same manner as used for preparing the intermediate 1-2, except that the intermediate 3-1 was used instead of the intermediate 1-1. (Yield: 55%)

[0429] Synthesis of Compound 3

[0430] The compound 3 was synthesized in the same manner as used for preparing the compound 1, except that the intermediate 3-2 was used instead of the intermediate 1-2. (Yield: 5%)

[0431] Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 6

[0432]

[0433] Synthesis of Intermediate 6-1

[0434] The intermediate 6-1 was synthesized in the same manner as used for preparing the intermediate 1-1, except that 8H-benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-c]carbazole was used instead of 5H-benzo[f]cyclohepta[b]pyrrolo[3,2-c]carbazole. (Yield: 58%)

[0435] Synthesis of Intermediate 6-2

[0436] Intermediate 6-2 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Intermediate 1-2, except that Intermediate 6-1 was used instead of Intermediate 1-1. (Yield: 70%)

[0437] Synthesis of Compound 6

[0438] Compound 6 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Compound 1, except that Intermediate 6-2 was used instead of Intermediate 1-2. (Yield: 3%)

[0439] Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 7

[0440]

[0441] Synthesis of Intermediate 7-1

[0442] Intermediate 7-1 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Intermediate 1-1, except that 5-phenyl-5,8-dihydroindolo[2,3-c]carbazole was used instead of 5H-benzo-furo[3,2-c]carbazole. (Yield: 64%)

[0443] Synthesis of Intermediate 7-2

[0444] Intermediate 7-2 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Intermediate 1-2, except that Intermediate 7-1 was used instead of Intermediate 1-1. (Yield: 50%)

[0445] Synthesis of Compound 7

[0446] Compound 7 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Compound 1, except that Intermediate 7-2 was used instead of Intermediate 1-2. (Yield: 5%)

[0447] Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 26

[0448]

[0449] Synthesis of Intermediate 26-1

[0450] Intermediate 26-1 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Intermediate 1-1, except that 5H-benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-c]carbazole was used instead of 5H-benzo-furo[3,2-c]carbazole. (Yield: 44%)

[0451] Synthesis of Intermediate 26-2

[0452] Intermediate 26-2 was synthesized in the same manner as for the preparation of Intermediate 1-2, except that Intermediate 26-1 was used instead of Intermediate 1-1. (Yield: 64%)

[0453] Synthesis of Compound 26

[0454] Compound 26 was synthesized in the same manner as compound 1, except that intermediate 26-2 was used instead of intermediate 1-2. (Yield: 2%)

[0455] The compounds synthesized according to Synthetic Examples 1 to 5 1 ¹H NMR and MS / FAB results are shown in Table 1. By referring to the above synthetic routes and source materials, those skilled in the art can readily recognize the synthesis of other compounds besides those shown in Table 1.

[0456] Table 1

[0457]

[0458] Example 1

[0459] As the anode, Corning 15Ω / cm 2 The ITO glass substrate was cut to a size of 50mm x 50mm x 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate was then fed into a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0460] Vacuum deposition of NPD on an ITO anode formed on an ITO glass substrate to form a thickness of [missing information]. A hole injection layer was formed, and HT6 was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. The first hole transport layer.

[0461] CzSi, a hole transport compound, was vacuum-deposited onto the first hole transport layer to form a thickness of [missing information]. The second hole transport layer.

[0462] mCP (the host) and Compound 1 (the dopant) were co-deposited on the second hole transport layer at a weight ratio of 99:1 to form a layer with a thickness of [missing information]. The emission layer.

[0463] Subsequently, TSPO1 was deposited on the emitter layer to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. A buffer layer is formed, and TPBI is deposited on the buffer layer to form a thickness of [missing information]. The electron transport layer.

[0464] LiF, acting as an alkali halide metal, is deposited on the electron transport layer to form a layer with a thickness of [missing information]. An electron-injected layer is formed, and Al is vacuum-deposited on it to form a thickness of [missing information]. LiF / Al electrode. HT28 was vacuum deposited on the LiF / Al electrode to form a thickness of [missing information]. a cover layer, thereby completing the manufacture of the light-emitting device.

[0465]

[0466] Examples 2 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7

[0467] A light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the materials shown in Table 2 were used instead of HT6 in forming the respective first hole-transporting layers, and the compounds shown in Table 2 were used instead of Compound 1 in forming the respective emission layers.

[0468] Evaluation Example 1

[0469] In order to evaluate the properties of the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the driving voltage, the luminous efficiency, and the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) were measured at a current density of 10 mA / cm 2 The driving voltage of the light-emitting device was measured using a source meter (Keithley Instrument, 2400 series), and the maximum EQE was measured using an external quantum efficiency measuring device C9920-2-12 of Hamamatsu Photonics Inc. In evaluating the maximum EQE, the luminance / current density was measured using a luminance meter calibrated for wavelength sensitivity, and the maximum EQE was converted assuming that an angular luminance distribution (Lambertian) was obtained with respect to a perfectly diffusely reflecting surface. The results of the property evaluation of the light-emitting device are shown in Table 2.

[0470] Table 2

[0471]

[0472]

[0473]

[0474]

[0475] Referring to Table 2, it can be confirmed that the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 10 have a reduced driving voltage, increased luminous efficiency, and increased maximum EQE, as compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 7.

[0476] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device can have a low driving voltage, high efficiency, and long lifetime, and in this regard, such a light-emitting device can be used in the manufacture of high-quality electronic devices.

[0477] According to embodiments, at least one of the hole transport zone and the emission layer comprises an arylamine-containing compound, an acridine-containing compound, a carbazole-containing compound, or any combination thereof; or at least one of the emission layer and the electron transport zone comprises a silicon-containing compound, a phosphine oxide-containing compound, a sulfur oxide-containing compound, a phosphorus oxide-containing compound, a triazine-containing compound, a pyrimidine-containing compound, a pyridine-containing compound, a dibenzofuran-containing compound, a dibenzothiophene-containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0478] In describing embodiments of the application, the use of "may" means "one or more embodiments of the application." It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, "connected to" another element or layer, "coupled to" another element or layer, or "adjacent" another element or layer it can be directly on, directly connected to, directly coupled to, or directly adjacent to the other element or layer or one or more intervening elements or layers can also be present. In contrast, when an element or layer is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," "directly coupled to," or "immediately adjacent" to another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present.

[0479] As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as approximating language and not as an exact term, and are intended to explain that the inherent deviations in measuring or calculating values will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges of the same numerical precision subsumed

[0480] It should be understood that the implementations described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each implementation should typically be considered as being applicable to other similar features or aspects in other implementations. While one or more implementations have been described with reference to the figures, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 in, In Equation 1, X1 and X2 are each independently O or S. Rings CY0 to CY6 are each independently C5-C. 30 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, wherein at least one selected from ring CY3 and ring CY6 is not phenyl. R0 to R6 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), a0 to a6 are each an independent integer selected from 0 to 20. R 10a for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 Aryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or each of the following unsubstituted or deuterated, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups.

2. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein rings CY0 to CY6 are each independently phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthrene, benzo[a]phenanthrene, pyrene, trefyl, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, thiophene, furanyl, indolyl, benzo[a]boranecyclopentadienyl, benzo[a]phosphanecyclopentadienyl, indene, benzo[a]silanecyclopentadienyl, benzo[a]germaniumcyclopentadienyl, benzo[a]thiophene, benzo[a]selenyl, benzo[a]furanyl, carbazole, dibenzo[a]boranecyclopentadienyl, Dibenzophosphazeneyl, fluorenyl, dibenzosiloxanepyraneyl, dibenzogermaniumpyraneyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, 9H-fluoren-9-one, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoboronepyraneyl, azabenzophosphazeneyl, azaindenyl, azabenzosiloxanepyraneyl, azabenzogermaniumpyraneyl, azabenzothiopheneyl, azaindenyl Benzo[selenophenyl], azirabenzofuranyl, aziracarbazoyl, aziradibenzoboronecyclopentadienyl, aziradibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azirafluorenyl, aziradibenzosilylcyclopentadienyl, aziradibenzogermaniumylcyclopentadienyl, aziradibenzothiophenyl, aziradibenzoselenophenyl, aziradibenzofuranyl, aziradibenzothiophene-5-oxide, azira-9H-fluoren-9-one, aziradibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazine The group consisting of phenyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrene-rholineyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazoleyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl, wherein at least one selected from cyclic CY3 and cyclic CY6 is not phenyl.

3. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein at least one selected from ring CY0 to ring CY2 is a phenyl group.

4. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein at least one selected from ring CY3 and ring CY6 is fluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl or dibenzothiophene.

5. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein... In Equation 1, by The group represented is any one of formulas CY3-1 to CY3-3: and in, In equations CY3-1 to CY3-3 X1, ring CY1, ring CY4, R1, R3, R4, a1, and a4 are each independently identical to those described in combination equation 1. * and *' each indicate the connection point with the ring CY0 in Equation 1. X 31 For single bonds, O, S, Se, C(R) 31a (R) 31b ), Si(R) 31a (R) 31b ) or N(R 31a ), X 32 For single bonds, O, S, Se, C(R) 32a (R) 32b ), Si(R) 32a (R) 32b ) or N(R 32a ), X 31 and X 32 The two are not both single bonds. R 31a R 31b R 32a and R 32b Each is independently identical to the one described in combination with R3, and a36 is an integer selected from 0 to 6.

6. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein... In Equation 1, by The group represented is any one of formulas CY3(1) to CY3(6): and in, In equations CY3(1) to CY3(6), X1, ring CY1, ring CY4, R1, R3, R4, a1, and a4 are each independently identical to those described in combination equation 1. * and *' each indicate the connection point with the ring CY0 in Equation 1. X 31 for O, S, Se, C(R 31a (R) 31b ), Si(R) 31a (R) 31b ) or N(R 31a ), X 32 for O, S, Se, C(R 32a (R) 32b ), Si(R) 32a (R) 32b ) or N(R 32a ), R 31a R 31b R 32a and R 32b Each is independently identical to the one described in combination with R3, and a36 is an integer selected from 0 to 6.

7. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein... In Equation 1, by The group represented is any one of formulas CY6-1 to CY6-4: and in, In equations CY6-1 to CY6-4, X2, ring CY2, ring CY5, R2, R5, R6, a2, and a5 are each independently identical to those described in combination formula 1. * and *' each indicate the connection point with the ring CY0 in Equation 1. X 61 For single bonds, O, S, Se, C(R) 61a (R) 61b ), Si(R) 61a (R) 61b ) or N(R 61a ), X 62 For single bonds, O, S, Se, C(R) 62a (R) 62b ), Si(R) 62a (R) 62b ) or N(R 62a ), X 61 and X 62 The two are not both single bonds. R 61a R 61b R 62a and R 62b Each is independently identical to the one described in combination with R6. a64 is an integer selected from 0 to 4, and a66 is an integer selected from 0 to 6.

8. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein... In Equation 1, by The group represented is any one of formulas CY6(1) to CY6(6) and CY6-4: and in, In equations CY6(1) to CY6(6) and CY6-4, X2, ring CY2, ring CY5, R2, R5, R6, a2, and a5 are each independently identical to those described in combination formula 1. * and *' each indicate the connection point with the ring CY0 in Equation 1. X 61 for O, S, Se, C(R 61a (R) 61b ), Si(R) 61a (R) 61b ) or N(R 61a ), X 62 for O, S, Se, C(R 62a (R) 62b ), Si(R) 62a (R) 62b ) or N(R 62a ), R 61a R 61b R 62a and R 62b Each is independently identical to the one described in combination with R6. a64 is an integer selected from 0 to 4, and a66 is an integer selected from 0 to 6.

9. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein at least one selected from ring CY4 and ring CY5 is a phenyl group.

10. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein R0 to R6 are each independently: Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkynyl or C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 -P(=O)(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following unsubstituted or substituted groups is cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[a]phenanthryl, pyrene, tyl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindole, indole, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[a]quinolinyl, quinoxalyl Linolyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrolinel, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrimidine: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C 20 Alkyne group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzophenanthryl, pyrene, trefyl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoyindolyl, indolyl, indoleyl Azolyl, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrolinel, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 -P(=O)(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) or any combination thereof; or -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2) or -C(=O)(Q1).

11. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein ring CY3 and ring CY6 are identical to each other.

12. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein ring CY4 and ring CY5 are identical to each other.

13. The fused-ring compound of claim 1, wherein the fused-ring compound is one of compound 1 to compound 56:

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