A roof waterproofing and insulating structure and method of use

Abstract

The application relates to a roof waterproof heat insulation structure and a use method, and belongs to the field of waterproof layer anti-cracking structures. The structure comprises, from bottom to top, an energy-saving insulation layer, a connecting structure and a waterproof layer which are sequentially laid on a roof. The connecting structure is provided with a plurality of accommodating cavities. The accommodating cavities are provided with blocking particles and adhesion particles. The adhesion particles have water absorption and form adhesion liquid after absorbing water. The adhesion liquid is used for adhesion of the blocking particles and formation of a blocking layer. The application has the technical effects of real-time repair on dynamic changes of waterproof layer cracks and great improvement of the waterproof capacity of the waterproof layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of waterproof layer crack prevention structure, and in particular to a roof waterproof and heat insulation structure and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Building energy conservation includes energy conservation in building envelope, energy conservation in equipment systems, energy conservation in renewable energy utilization, energy conservation in operation and management, and energy conservation in behavior; energy conservation in building envelope mainly includes wall insulation, energy conservation in doors and windows, and waterproofing and insulation of roofs;

[0003] Roof waterproofing and insulation are crucial for ensuring the safety and durability of building structures. Traditional waterproofing layers often use a single roll or coating material, laid directly on top of the energy-saving insulation layer. However, because roof structures are constantly exposed to the natural environment, enduring complex effects such as diurnal temperature variations, ultraviolet radiation, and structural deformation, temperature stress cracks or structural deformation cracks inevitably develop in the substrate. These cracks can cause the waterproofing layer above to crack simultaneously, creating leakage channels and severely impacting the building's functionality.

[0004] Currently, when dealing with cracks in waterproofing layers, the industry often focuses on improving the ductility of the waterproofing material itself or adding a buffer layer, but this often fails to proactively and effectively address the dynamic changes in the cracks; once the crack width exceeds the material's limit, leakage will still occur.

[0005] Patent (202411739213.6) discloses a roof waterproofing structure and its construction method; it includes a roof, and from the roof, a slope-finding layer, a waterproof coating layer, a waterproof membrane layer, an energy-saving insulation layer, and a protective layer are arranged in sequence upwards. A vent pipe is installed inside the roof, with one end penetrating through and extending to the outside of the protective layer; the addition of the vent pipe enhances the waterproofing effect; however, the waterproofing layer is mainly affected by complex factors such as day-night temperature differences, ultraviolet radiation, and structural deformation. Changes in external temperature can still cause cracks in the waterproofing layer, and the above patent does not have the effect of repairing cracks and preventing leakage.

[0006] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that existing waterproof layer structures can only strengthen the waterproof layer and cannot effectively solve the problem of water leakage when cracks appear in the waterproof layer. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure includes an energy-saving insulation layer, a connecting structure, and a waterproof layer laid sequentially on the roof from bottom to top; the connecting structure has a plurality of receiving cavities; each receiving cavity contains a waterproof unit; the waterproof unit includes sealing particles and adhesive particles; the adhesive particles are water-absorbing and form an adhesive liquid after absorbing water; the adhesive liquid is used to adhere the sealing particles and form a sealing layer.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof layer is reinforced by adding a connecting structure between the energy-saving insulation layer and the waterproof layer, thereby improving the wind resistance of the waterproof layer. In particular, by opening several receiving cavities in the connecting structure and setting sealing particles and adhesive particles in the receiving cavities, water can flow into the receiving cavities after the waterproof layer cracks, and the adhesive particles will stick together the sealing particles to form a sealing layer. This can effectively seal the cracks in the waterproof layer, prevent water from flowing down, and greatly improve the waterproofing capability of the roof.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing particles are bentonite particles; the adhesive particles are superabsorbent resin particles.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rapid water absorption of superabsorbent resin particles is fully utilized to absorb water seeping into the cracks in the waterproof layer in a timely manner and to bond the sealing particles together, greatly accelerating the reaction speed of roof waterproofing and sealing. The slow water absorption and expansion of bentonite particles are also fully utilized to slowly absorb residual water in the containment cavity and water in the bonded particles, significantly improving the water removal effect. Furthermore, the slowly expanding bentonite particles can effectively seal the cracks in the waterproof layer and the containment cavity, improving the sealing effect of the waterproof layer cracks, and also avoid sudden compression of the sealed containment cavity, which could impact the connection structure, greatly extending the service life of the connection structure.

[0012] Preferably, the superabsorbent resin particles are coated with a hydrophobic material.

[0013] Preferably, the hydrophobic material is paraffin or silicone resin.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, by coating the superabsorbent resin with a hydrophobic material, namely paraffin or silicone resin, the adhesive particles in the containment cavity can first float on the water surface and penetrate into the cracks of the waterproof layer. At the same time, after the sealing particles swell upon contact with water, they can squeeze the adhesive particles coated with the hydrophobic material into the cracks of the waterproof layer. Since paraffin or silicone resin loses its waterproof effect upon contact with water and after a short period of time, the adhesive particles quickly form an adhesive liquid in the cracks of the waterproof layer, and stick the cracks of the waterproof layer together, preventing the cracks of the waterproof layer from expanding further.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing particles and the adhesive particles are mixed and laid on the waterproof layer.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mixed sealing particles and the adhesive particles come into contact with water, some of the sealing particles will enter the cracks in the waterproof layer along with the adhesive particles, so that the cracks in the waterproof layer can be effectively sealed, greatly improving the waterproof effect of the waterproof layer.

[0017] Preferably, the waterproof layer comprises an asphalt waterproof membrane layer and a cement slurry layer; the asphalt waterproof membrane layer is laid on the reinforcing mesh; and the cement slurry layer is laid on the asphalt waterproof membrane layer.

[0018] Preferably, the connection structure includes a connecting mesh and a reinforcing mesh; the connecting mesh is connected to the waterproof layer; the reinforcing mesh is disposed on the connecting mesh and inserted into the energy-saving insulation layer; the bottom surface of the waterproof layer is connected to the top surface of the connecting mesh.

[0019] Preferably, the height of the reinforcing mesh is 1 mm to 1.4 mm.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, and setting the height range of the reinforcing mesh to 1 mm to 1.4 mm, the reinforcing mesh can be inserted into the bottom asphalt layer of the asphalt waterproof membrane without damaging the upper surface of the asphalt waterproof membrane, thereby improving the structural strength and service life of the waterproof layer.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting network has a plurality of connecting holes; the plurality of connecting holes are used to connect to the plurality of receiving cavities.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting several connecting holes on the connecting network to connect several cavities, the sealing particles and adhesion particles in adjacent cavities can connect with each other after encountering water, thereby improving the structural strength of the sealing layer.

[0023] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a method for using a roof waterproofing and thermal insulation structure, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: First, level the roof surface and lay the energy-saving insulation layer;

[0025] Step S2: Lay the connecting mesh and the reinforcing mesh sequentially above the energy-saving insulation layer, and mix and lay the sealing particles and the adhesive particles in the receiving cavity;

[0026] Step S3: First, add the hot asphalt waterproof membrane layer and lay the heated asphalt waterproof membrane layer on the reinforcing mesh; then, lay the cement slurry layer on top of the asphalt waterproof membrane layer.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, a waterproof and heat-insulating roof structure and its usage method are described.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. By adding a connecting structure between the energy-saving insulation layer and the waterproof layer to reinforce the waterproof layer, the wind resistance of the waterproof layer is improved. In particular, by opening several receiving cavities in the connecting structure and setting sealing particles and adhesive particles in the receiving cavities, after the waterproof layer cracks, water can flow into the receiving cavities, and the adhesive particles will stick together the sealing particles to form a sealing layer. This can effectively seal the cracks in the waterproof layer, prevent water from flowing down, and greatly improve the waterproofing ability of the roof.

[0030] 2. By coating the superabsorbent resin with a hydrophobic material, such as paraffin or silicone resin, the adhesive particles within the containment cavity can float on the water surface and penetrate into the cracks of the waterproof layer. Simultaneously, as the sealing particles swell upon contact with water, they can force the hydrophobic-coated adhesive particles into the cracks of the waterproof layer. Because paraffin or silicone resin loses its waterproofing effect upon contact with water and after a short period, the adhesive particles quickly form an adhesive liquid within the cracks of the waterproof layer, binding the cracks together and preventing further expansion of the cracks. Upon contact with water, some of the sealing particles, along with the adhesive particles, enter the cracks of the waterproof layer, effectively sealing them and significantly improving the waterproofing effect.

[0031] 3. By fully utilizing the rapid water absorption of superabsorbent resin particles, water seeping into the waterproof layer cracks is absorbed in a timely manner, and the sealing particles are promptly bonded together, greatly accelerating the response speed of roof waterproofing and sealing. By fully utilizing the slow water absorption and expansion characteristics of bentonite particles, residual water in the containment cavity and water in the bonded particles are slowly absorbed, greatly improving the water removal effect. Furthermore, the slowly expanding bentonite particles can fully seal the waterproof layer cracks and containment cavity, improving the sealing effect of the waterproof layer cracks, and can also avoid sudden compression of the sealed containment cavity, which would cause impact on the connection structure, greatly improving the service life of the connection structure. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure and its usage.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Energy-saving insulation layer;

[0037] 2. Connecting structure; 21. Connecting mesh; 211. Receiving cavity; 212. Connecting hole; 22. Reinforcing mesh;

[0038] 3. Waterproof layer; 31. Asphalt waterproof membrane layer; 32. Cement grout layer;

[0039] 4. Waterproof unit. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0041] This application discloses a roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure and its usage method. (Refer to...) Figure 1-3 The roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure includes an energy-saving insulation layer 1, a connecting structure 2, and a waterproof layer 3. The energy-saving insulation layer 1, the connecting structure 2, and the waterproof layer 3 are laid on the roof from bottom to top. The energy-saving insulation layer 1 is a polystyrene foam board. The waterproof layer 3 includes an asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31 and a cement slurry layer 32. The asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31 is laid on a reinforcing mesh 22. The cement slurry layer 32 is laid on the asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31. The connecting structure 2 has several receiving cavities 211. Each receiving cavity 211 contains a waterproof unit 4. The waterproof unit 4 includes sealing particles and adhesive particles. The adhesive particles are water-absorbing and form an adhesive liquid after absorbing water. The adhesive liquid is used to adhere the sealing particles and form a sealing layer. The sealing particles are bentonite particles. The adhesive particles are superabsorbent resin particles. To enhance the waterproofing performance, a polyurethane layer can be laid on the energy-saving insulation layer 1, and the connecting structure 2 is set on the polyurethane layer.

[0042] To enhance the sealing effect of the sealing particles and adhesive particles on the cracks in the waterproof layer 3, a hydrophobic material is wrapped around the outside of the superabsorbent resin particles; the hydrophobic material is paraffin or silicone resin; and the sealing particles and adhesive particles are mixed and laid on the waterproof layer 3, that is, mixed and laid in the receiving cavity 211, and there is a gap of about one millimeter between the mixed and laid sealing particles and adhesive particles and the waterproof layer 3; the waterproof failure time of the hydrophobic material layer is about thirty seconds.

[0043] After water enters the containment cavity 211 from the cracks in the waterproof layer 3, the superabsorbent resin particles coated with hydrophobic material move upward under the buoyancy of the water and enter the cracks. The floating superabsorbent resin particles can carry the bentonite particles upward and bring some of the bentonite particles into the cracks in the waterproof layer 3. The bentonite particles that expand after absorbing water can effectively seal the cracks. The hydrophobic material (paraffin or silicone resin) can provide waterproofing for a certain period of time after contact with water. After the waterproofing time expires, it will lose its waterproofing effect, allowing the superabsorbent resin particles to come into contact with water and stick the bentonite particles together at the cracks in the waterproof layer 3, thus fully sealing the cracks.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting structure 2 includes a connecting mesh 21 and a reinforcing mesh 22; the connecting mesh 21 is connected to the waterproof layer 3; the reinforcing mesh 22 is disposed on the connecting mesh 21 and is inserted into the energy-saving insulation layer 1; the height of the reinforcing mesh 22 is 1 mm to 1.4 mm; the bottom surface of the waterproof layer 3 is connected to the top surface of the connecting mesh 21; the connecting mesh 21, the waterproof layer 3, and the energy-saving insulation layer 1 form a receiving cavity 211 at the mesh openings of the connecting mesh 21; a plurality of connecting holes 212 are provided on the connecting mesh 21; the plurality of connecting holes 212 are used to connect the plurality of receiving cavities 211. When the asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31 is laid on top of the connecting structure 2, it will be squeezed downwards, and a small amount of airflow will be generated in the receiving cavity 211. The sealing particles and adhesive particles in the interconnected receiving cavities 211 will be mixed with each other through the connecting hole 212, so that the unevenly distributed sealing particles and adhesive particles in the receiving cavity 211 will be homogenized. After water enters the adjacent receiving cavity 211, the sealing particles and adhesive particles in the adjacent receiving cavity 211 can be connected to each other after encountering water through the connecting hole 212, which further improves the structural strength of the sealing layer.

[0045] The working principle of the crack-resistant structure of the roof waterproofing layer 3 in this application is as follows:

[0046] After the waterproof layer 3 cracks due to temperature changes, settlement, etc., rainwater or seepage water seeps downward through the cracks; the water first enters the containment cavity 211 formed by the connecting mesh 21, the waterproof layer 3 and the energy-saving insulation layer 1; the containment cavity 211 is pre-mixed and filled with two kinds of key particles, namely bentonite particles and super absorbent resin particles wrapped with hydrophobic materials.

[0047] After water enters the containment cavity 211, due to the buoyancy of the water, the adhesive particles wrapped with the hydrophobic layer will move upward with the surrounding bentonite particles and be carried by the water flow to the crack. At this stage, the hydrophobic material on the outer layer of the adhesive particles temporarily plays a waterproof role, buying time for subsequent reactions and transporting the particles to the target location.

[0048] After a period of time, the hydrophobic material layer (paraffin / silicone) gradually becomes ineffective due to water penetration or dissolution. The superabsorbent resin inside comes into direct contact with the water, and the superabsorbent resin produces a viscous adhesive liquid that firmly binds the surrounding bentonite particles together. At the same time, the bentonite particles themselves also swell when they come into contact with water. The two types of particles work together to form a dense, gel-like integral sealing layer inside and below the crack, thereby completely sealing the crack.

[0049] The connecting holes 212 on the connecting mesh 21 connect the individual receiving cavities 211 to each other; the downward pressure generated by laying the waterproof membrane during construction causes air to flow in the receiving cavities 211, and the connecting holes 212 promote more uniform mixing of particles in each cavity; when water enters the receiving cavity 211, it can spread to adjacent cavities through the connecting holes 212; after the particles in the adjacent cavities expand when they come into contact with water, they connect and intertwine with each other through the connecting holes 212 to form a larger and stronger integral sealing structure, which greatly improves the reliability of crack repair and the structural strength of the sealing layer.

[0050] The roof waterproofing and thermal insulation structure simulates the wound healing process of a biological organism, enabling materials to actively respond to and repair damage. A hydrophobic coating layer facilitates the directional transport and delayed activation of sealing and adhesive particles, ensuring the repair material reacts at the correct location and time, achieving intelligent triggering and delayed response. It also combines the advantages of superabsorbent resin (providing viscosity and expansion force) with bentonite (providing expansion and filling properties), achieving a sealing effect on cracks in the waterproofing layer 3. Through the design of the receiving cavity 211 and connecting holes 212, discrete repair points are connected into a networked intelligent repair system, improving the overall reliability of the waterproofing structure.

[0051] A method for using a roof waterproofing and thermal insulation structure includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S1: First, level the roof surface and lay the energy-saving insulation layer 1;

[0053] Step S2: Lay connecting mesh 21 and reinforcing mesh 22 in sequence above the energy-saving insulation layer 1, and mix and lay sealing particles and adhesive particles in the receiving cavity 211;

[0054] Step S3: First, heat the asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31 and lay the heated asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31 on the reinforcing mesh 22; then lay the cement slurry layer 32 on top of the asphalt waterproof membrane layer 31.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure, characterized in that: The system includes an energy-saving insulation layer (1), a connecting structure (2), and a waterproof layer (3) laid sequentially on the roof from bottom to top; the connecting structure (2) has several receiving cavities (211); each receiving cavity (211) contains a waterproof unit (4); the waterproof unit (4) includes sealing particles and adhesive particles; the adhesive particles are absorbent and form an adhesive liquid after absorbing water; the adhesive liquid is used to adhere the sealing particles and form a sealing layer; The connecting structure (2) includes a connecting mesh (21) and a reinforcing mesh (22); the connecting mesh (21) is connected to the waterproof layer (3); the reinforcing mesh (22) is disposed on the connecting mesh (21) and is inserted into the energy-saving insulation layer (1); the bottom surface of the waterproof layer (3) is connected to the top surface of the connecting mesh (21); The waterproof layer (3) includes an asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31) and a cement slurry layer (32); the asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31) is laid on the reinforcing mesh (22); the cement slurry layer (32) is laid on the asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31).

2. The roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing particles are bentonite particles; the adhesive particles are superabsorbent resin particles.

3. The roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The superabsorbent resin particles are coated with a hydrophobic material.

4. A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrophobic material is paraffin or silicone resin.

5. A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing particles and the adhesive particles are mixed and laid on the waterproof layer (3).

6. A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the reinforcing mesh (22) is 1 mm to 1.4 mm.

7. A roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mesh (21) has a plurality of connecting holes (212); the plurality of connecting holes (212) are used to connect the plurality of receiving cavities (211).

8. A method of using a roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure, used to prepare the roof waterproofing and heat insulation structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: Step S1: First, level the roof surface and lay the energy-saving insulation layer (1); Step S2: Lay the connecting mesh (21) and the reinforcing mesh (22) in sequence above the energy-saving insulation layer (1), and mix and lay the sealing particles and the adhesive particles in the receiving cavity (211); Step S3: First, heat the asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31), and lay the heated asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31) on the reinforcing mesh (22); then lay the cement slurry layer (32) above the asphalt waterproof membrane layer (31).

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