Tunnel pipeline sudden gushing water blocking method based on magnetic control constant-pressure air bag

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel pipeline gushing water blocking method based on magnetic control constant-pressure air bags, which comprises the following steps of: modeling by using finite element software to analyze the internal force distribution of a pipeline, and determining a crack position and an air bag layout scheme; the air bag is inflated and pre-expanded through the constant-pressure air brake, and the combined plugging body is formed by splicing the magnetic connectors of the shell. Preparing graded magnetic powder slurry, and enhancing a magnetic field in the initial stage of grouting to enrich magnetic powder on the inner wall of the air bag to form an anti-permeability layer; constant-pressure grouting is conducted, the magnetic field intensity is regulated and controlled, and leveling and compactness of grout are guaranteed; after the slurry is solidified, the plugging quality is evaluated through an induction coil and ultrasonic scanning. The flexible self-adaptive plugging device has the advantages that flexible self-adaptive plugging is achieved through the gas-magnetic synergistic effect, and the problem that a rigid plugging body and a crack are not sealed is solved; the graded magnetic powder and a composite magnetic field regulation and control technology form a gradient enhanced plugging body, so that the anti-permeability performance is remarkably improved; the adaptability to complex fractures is enhanced through the modular magnetic splicing design; and the construction reliability is ensured through intelligent constant-pressure control, and a set of complete precise plugging technical system is formed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a sudden gushing water plugging method, in particular to a tunnel pipeline sudden gushing water plugging method based on a magnetic control constant pressure air bag. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some tunnel construction processes, sudden gushing water often occurs, affecting construction. The existing tunnel sudden water and mud plugging methods, such as directly using a plugging plate to plug at the crack and using a support to support, often directly rush open the plugging plate due to the huge pressure during the plugging process, making it difficult to plug the crack, and requiring a large number of workers to suppress until the sudden water and mud phenomenon slows down, or the entire plugging scene is extremely chaotic, and a lot of manpower and resources are consumed. Most of the sudden water and mud in the tunnel occurs in karst development areas or water-rich fault zones. For the sudden water problem under such complex geological conditions, the traditional method may not be effective, and a new plugging technology is needed to deal with it. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a tunnel pipeline sudden gushing water plugging method based on a magnetic control constant pressure air bag, which provides an air bag system capable of rapid hardening by magnetic slurry grouting for tunnel flood control. The constant pressure air bag system includes an air bag shell, a layer of strong magnet is arranged in the air bag shell, and a strong magnet column and a constant pressure air valve are further included. When the system and construction process are used to need to block the tunnel for a short time and ensure a certain sealing property, the magnetic slurry can be quickly grouted to achieve rapid filling and closure of the tunnel water outlet, and the tunnel inner wall is tightly fitted, without the need for a large number of manual labor, labor intensity, and the method is simple and highly efficient.

[0004] In order to realize the above technical features, the purpose of the present application is realized as follows: a tunnel pipeline sudden gushing water plugging method based on a magnetic control constant pressure air bag, comprising the following steps: Step 1, use finite element software to model and analyze the internal force distribution and potential crack position of the tunnel pipeline, determine the air bag arrangement range and quantity according to the crack size and shape, select different magnetic field strength strong magnet columns for combination according to the simulated water flow pressure and crack characteristics, and develop a modular magnetic control plugging scheme; Step 2, fill compressed air into the air bag through the constant pressure air lock to make the internal air pressure stable and rise to the set pressure value for pre-expansion, and preliminarily fit the crack profile; then place multiple air bags at the predetermined position, and use the magnetic force interface arranged on the surface of the air bag shell to mutually adsorb and splice to form a combined plugging body, realizing preliminary flow stabilization and positioning; Step 3, take the micro and nano magnetic powder by mass ratio, mix with super-fine cement and water glass according to the design ratio to make a magnetic slurry; in the initial stage of grouting, the electromagnetic assembly is enhanced by temporarily connecting an external power source to excite a high-strength composite magnetic field, so that the magnetic powder in the slurry is intensively enriched on the inner wall of the air bag to form a high-density impermeable layer; Step 4, start the double-material grouting device to pump the slurry at a constant volume ratio; the control system interlocks the constant-pressure air lock to monitor the air pressure in real time and control the opening and closing of the electric control exhaust valve to maintain the air pressure in the bag at a constant pressure value; in the middle and late stages of grouting, the current of the external power source is reduced to weaken the magnetic field and reduce the convection resistance, ensuring that the slurry is fully leveled and compacted. Step 5, after the slurry is filled, the water glass accelerant promotes rapid hardening of the slurry; the inductance value change is monitored through the induction coil embedded in the air bag shell, and the slurry is determined to have been fully solidified when the value is stable; the sealing body is scanned by an ultrasonic probe to generate a three-dimensional density cloud chart to quantitatively evaluate its integrity and the adhesion density with the pipe wall.

[0005] Preferably, the block-shaped strong magnet in the air bag shell and the axially arranged strong magnet column constitute a composite magnetic source; during grouting, the magnetic field generated by the composite magnetic source penetrates the air bag shell and actively adsorbs the magnetic powder particles in the magnetic slurry, causing them to intensively enrich on the inner wall surface of the air bag shell, thereby forming a high-density magnetic powder reinforced layer inside the air bag.

[0006] Preferably, the constant-pressure air lock is integrated with an air pressure sensor and an electric control exhaust valve, which are interlocked with the grouting pump through the control system, and the air pressure inside the air bag is monitored in real time and the exhaust valve is controlled to open and close, so that the air pressure inside the air bag is stably maintained at a set pressure value of 10 kpa during the grouting process.

[0007] Preferably, the air bag shell is formed by the first inner half shell and the second inner half shell through the buckle structure, and the two half shells form an axial cavity for accommodating the strong magnet column after being closed, and the grooves for embedding the block-shaped strong magnet are pre-embedded in the inner walls of the two half shells.

[0008] Preferably, the method includes, before grouting, pre-expanding the air bag by filling compressed air through the constant-pressure air lock to preliminarily fit the fissure, and then switching to the grouting mode.

[0009] Preferably, based on the fissure distribution results analyzed by the tunnel pipeline computer model, the layout position and number of the air bag are determined, and the strong magnet columns with different magnetic field strengths are selected for combination and installation accordingly.

[0010] Preferably, the injection machine comprises a superfine cement container, a water glass container and a mixed injection pipeline, the magnetic slurry composition comprises superfine cement, water glass and magnetic powder, the water-cement ratio ranges from 0.6 to 1, the mass fraction of the magnetic powder is 20% to 60% of the mass of the cement, the water glass concentration is 30 to 35 Be, and the volume ratio of the water glass to the cement is 1:1.

[0011] Preferably, the magnetic powder used in the magnetic slurry is a multi-grade particle size compound system, comprising micron-sized 50-200 mu m and nano-sized 80-200 nm magnetic powders; wherein the micron-sized magnetic powder mainly undertakes the role of rapidly forming an initial impact-resistant skeleton under the action of a magnetic field, and the nano-sized magnetic powder is used for filling pores and enhancing the flowability and final density of the slurry; the mass ratio of the micron-sized magnetic powder to the nano-sized magnetic powder ranges from 3:1 to 5:1.

[0012] Preferably, the method comprises using a higher-strength magnetic field in the early stage of injection to quickly adsorb the magnetic powder to construct a dense outer layer; in the middle and late stages of injection, the magnetic field strength is appropriately weakened to reduce excessive constraint on the flow of the slurry, ensure sufficient flow and overall density of the slurry inside the air bag, and thus realize gradient optimization of strength and density. The magnetic field is enhanced by temporarily connecting an external power supply to the electromagnetic assembly. The weakening of the magnetic field strength is achieved by adjusting the current of the external power supply or using a magnetic short circuit technology.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the air bag shell is provided with a standard magnetic interface; when plugging large-size or irregular cracks, multiple air bags can be adsorbed and spliced with each other through the magnetic interface to form a larger, shape-variable combined plugging body, thereby significantly improving the plugging adaptability and effectiveness of complex leakage channels.

[0014] The present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application can accurately predict the distribution of cracks and develop individualized plugging schemes by combining finite element software modeling analysis with intelligent magnetic control technology; the modular magnetic interface design enables multiple air bags to be quickly adsorbed and spliced to form a combined plugging body, significantly improving the adaptability to large or irregular cracks and solving the technical problem of poor adaptability of traditional plugging methods to complex leakage channels.

[0015] 2. The present application innovatively uses a composite magnetic source design and a graded magnetic powder technology, forms a composite magnetic field through an embedded strong magnet and a strong magnet column, actively guides the enrichment of micron-sized and nano-sized magnetic powders on the inner wall of the air bag during the injection process, and forms a high-density impermeable layer; at the same time, through the intelligent control strategy of strengthening the magnetic field in the early stage of injection and weakening the magnetic field in the middle and late stages of injection, the combined plugging body is gradient-optimized from the outside to the inside, ensuring both interface impermeability and internal density.

[0016] 3、The constant pressure air lock and grouting pump interlocking control system developed by the application ensures that the air bag internal pressure is maintained at 10kpa during the grouting process through the cooperative work of the precision air pressure sensor and the electric control exhaust valve, so that the air bag can completely adhere to the irregular crack profile as a flexible mold, solving the leakage problem caused by the non-dense contact of the traditional rigid plugging body with the crack, and greatly improving the plugging reliability.

[0017] 4、The application adopts the process of combining pre-expansion positioning with magnetic control grouting, preliminarily stabilizes and adheres the air bag to the crack through pre-expansion by air pressure, and then injects magnetic slurry; combined with inductive coil curing monitoring and ultrasonic scanning evaluation technology, a complete process closed loop from positioning, grouting to quality evaluation is formed, realizing accurate control of the plugging process and visual verification of the results, and significantly improving the construction quality and success rate.

[0018] 5、The application realizes rapid, flexible and tough plugging of the sudden gushing water in the tunnel pipeline through the synergistic innovation of the triple action mechanism of "air, magnetism and slurry", solves the industry technical bottlenecks such as the easy dispersion of traditional plugging materials in high-pressure flowing water environment, the non-dense adhesion of the plugging body to the crack, etc., and has the outstanding advantages of good plugging effect, strong adaptability, high construction reliability, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the air bag structure of the application.

[0021] Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grouting device of the application.

[0022] Fig. 3 It is an internal structure diagram of the air bag of the application.

[0023] Fig. 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure applied in the sudden gushing water plugging in the tunnel pipeline.

[0024] In the figure: air bag 1, strong magnet column 2, constant pressure air lock 3, shell 4, magnetic interface 5, double material grouting device 6, block-shaped strong magnet 7, first inner half shell 8, second inner half shell 9, ultra-fine cement container 10, water glass container 11, mixed grouting liquid delivery pipe 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer, the application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1: Reference Figs. 1-4A method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag, comprising the following steps: 1) Use finite element software to model and analyze the internal force distribution of the pipeline, and determine the location of the cracks and the airbag layout scheme; 2) The airbag is pre-inflated by inflating it through a constant pressure airlock, and the outer shell is spliced ​​together using the magnetic interface to form a combined sealing body; 3) Prepare graded magnetic powder slurry, and enhance the magnetic field in the early stage of grouting to enrich the magnetic powder on the inner wall of the airbag and form an impermeable layer; 4) Constant pressure grouting and adjustment of magnetic field strength to ensure grout leveling and compaction; 5) After the grout has solidified, the sealing quality is evaluated by induction coil and ultrasonic scanning.

[0027] The advantages of this invention lie in the fact that the gas-magnetic synergy achieves flexible adaptive sealing, overcoming the problem of non-tight sealing between the rigid sealing body and the fracture; the graded magnetic powder and composite magnetic field control technology form a gradient-enhanced sealing body, significantly improving the anti-seepage performance; the modular magnetic splicing design enhances the adaptability to complex fractures; and intelligent constant pressure control ensures construction reliability, forming a complete and precise sealing technology system.

[0028] Example 2: like Figs. 1-4 As shown, a method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag includes the following steps: Step 1: Use finite element software to model and analyze the internal force distribution and potential crack locations of the tunnel pipeline. Determine the deployment range and number of airbags 1 based on the crack size and shape. Based on the simulated water flow pressure and crack characteristics, select strong magnetic columns 2 with different magnetic field strengths for each installation point and combine them to formulate a modular magnetic control sealing scheme.

[0029] Step 2: Compressed air is injected into the airbag 1 through the constant pressure airlock 3 to stabilize the internal air pressure at 10 kPa for pre-expansion, initially conforming to the crack outline; then multiple airbags 1 are placed in the predetermined position, and they are attracted and spliced ​​together by the magnetic interface 5 set on the surface of the outer shell 4 to form a joint sealing body, achieving initial flow stabilization and positioning.

[0030] Step 3: Weigh out micron-sized and nano-sized magnetic powders according to the mass ratio, and mix them with ultrafine cement and water glass according to the design ratio to prepare magnetic grout; in the initial stage of grouting, enhance the electromagnetic components through a temporary external power supply to stimulate a high-intensity composite magnetic field, so that the magnetic powder in the grout is intensely enriched in the inner wall of the airbag to form a high-density impermeable layer.

[0031] Step 4: Start the dual-material grouting device 6 to pump grout at a constant volume ratio; control the constant pressure airlock 3 to monitor the air pressure in real time and control the opening and closing of the electric exhaust valve to maintain the air pressure inside the bladder at a constant 10 kPa; reduce the external power supply current in the middle and late stages of grouting to weaken the magnetic field, reduce convection resistance, and ensure that the grout flows fully and is compacted overall.

[0032] Step 5: After the grout is filled, the water glass coagulant promotes the rapid hardening of the grout. The inductance value is monitored by the induction coil embedded in the outer shell of the airbag 4. Once the value stabilizes, it is determined that the grout has been fully solidified. The sealing body is scanned by an ultrasonic probe to generate a three-dimensional density cloud map, which quantitatively assesses its integrity and the tightness of its fit with the pipe wall.

[0033] Furthermore, the block-shaped strong magnet 7 inside the airbag shell 4 and the axially arranged strong magnet column 2 constitute a composite magnetic source; during grouting, the magnetic field generated by the composite magnetic source penetrates the airbag shell 4 and actively adsorbs the magnetic powder particles in the magnetic grout, causing them to be intensely enriched on the inner wall surface of the airbag shell 4, thereby forming a high-density magnetic powder reinforcement layer inside the airbag.

[0034] Furthermore, the constant pressure airlock 3 integrates an air pressure sensor and an electrically controlled exhaust valve, which is interlocked with the grouting pump through the control system. By monitoring the air pressure inside the airbag in real time and controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve, the air pressure inside the airbag 1 is kept stable at 10 kPa during the grouting process.

[0035] Furthermore, the airbag outer shell 4 is formed by the first inner half shell 8 and the second inner half shell 9 being joined together by a snap-fit ​​structure. After the two half shells are joined together, an axial cavity is formed inside to accommodate the strong magnet column 2. The inner walls of the two half shells are pre-embedded with grooves for embedding the block strong magnet 7.

[0036] Furthermore, the method includes, before grouting, first filling the airbag 1 with compressed air through the constant pressure airlock 3 to pre-expand it so that it initially fits the crack, and then switching to the grouting mode.

[0037] Furthermore, the placement and number of the airbags 1 are based on the crack distribution results analyzed by the computer model of the tunnel pipeline, and strong magnetic columns 2 with different magnetic field strengths are selected for combination and installation accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, the grouting machine includes an ultrafine cement container 10, a water glass container 11, and a mixing grouting inlet pipe 12. The magnetic grout composition includes ultrafine cement, water glass, and magnetic powder. The water-cement ratio (W:MC) ranges from 0.6 to 1. The amount of magnetic powder is 20% to 60% of the cement mass. The water glass concentration is 30 to 35 Be. The volume ratio of water glass to cement (MC:S) is 1:1.

[0039] Furthermore, the magnetic powder used in the magnetic slurry is a multi-level particle size compound system, including two types of magnetic powder: micron-sized (50-200μm) and nano-sized (80-200nm). Among them, the micron-sized magnetic powder mainly plays the role of rapidly forming the initial impact-resistant skeleton under the action of a magnetic field, while the nano-sized magnetic powder is used to fill the pores and enhance the fluidity and final density of the slurry. The mass ratio of micron-sized to nano-sized magnetic powder is 3:1 to 5:1.

[0040] Furthermore, the method includes using a high-intensity magnetic field (by enhancing the electromagnetic components through a temporary external power supply) in the early stage of grouting to quickly adsorb magnetic powder and construct a dense outer layer; in the middle and later stages of grouting, the magnetic field intensity is appropriately reduced (e.g., by adjusting the external power supply current or using magnetic short-circuit technology) to reduce excessive constraint on the flow of grout, ensuring sufficient leveling and overall density of the grout inside the air bladder, thereby achieving gradient optimization of strength and density.

[0041] Furthermore, the outer surface of the airbag shell 4 is provided with a standard magnetic interface 5; when sealing large or irregular cracks, multiple airbags 1 can be attracted and spliced ​​together through the magnetic interface 5 to form a larger, shape-variable joint sealing body, thereby significantly improving the adaptability and effectiveness of sealing complex leakage channels.

Claims

1. A method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use finite element software to model and analyze the internal force distribution and potential crack location of the tunnel pipeline. Determine the deployment range and number of airbags (1) based on the crack size and shape. According to the simulated water flow pressure and crack characteristics, select strong magnetic columns (2) with different magnetic field strengths for each installation point and combine them to formulate a modular magnetic control sealing scheme. Step 2: Compressed air is injected into the airbag (1) through the constant pressure airlock (3) to make its internal air pressure rise to the set pressure value for pre-expansion and initially fit the crack outline; then multiple airbags (1) are placed in the predetermined position and the magnetic interface (5) set on the surface of the airbag shell (4) is used to attract and splice them together to form a joint sealing body, so as to achieve initial flow stabilization and positioning. Step 3: Weigh out micron- and nano-sized magnetic powders according to the mass ratio, and mix them with ultrafine cement and water glass according to the design ratio to prepare magnetic grout; In the initial stage of grouting, enhance the electromagnetic components through a temporary external power supply to stimulate a high-intensity composite magnetic field, so that the magnetic powder in the grout is intensely enriched in the inner wall of the airbag to form a high-density impermeable layer. Step 4: Start the dual-material grouting device (6) to pump grout at a constant volume ratio; control the system to interlock the constant pressure airlock (3), monitor the air pressure in real time and control the opening and closing of the electric exhaust valve to maintain the air pressure in the bladder at the set pressure value; reduce the external power supply current in the middle and late stages of grouting to weaken the magnetic field, reduce the flow resistance, and ensure that the grout flows fully and is compacted overall. Step 5: After the grout is filled, the water glass coagulant promotes the rapid hardening of the grout. The change in inductance value is monitored by the induction coil embedded in the outer shell of the airbag (4). After the value stabilizes, it is determined that the grout has been fully solidified. The sealing body is scanned by an ultrasonic probe to generate a three-dimensional density cloud map and quantitatively evaluate its integrity and the tightness of its fit with the pipe wall.

2. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocky strong magnet (7) inside the airbag shell (4) and the axially arranged strong magnet column (2) constitute a composite magnetic source. During grouting, the magnetic field generated by the composite magnetic source penetrates the airbag shell (4) and actively adsorbs the magnetic powder particles in the magnetic slurry, causing them to be intensely enriched on the inner wall surface of the airbag shell (4), thereby forming a high-density magnetic powder reinforcement layer inside the airbag.

3. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant pressure airlock (3) integrates an air pressure sensor and an electrically controlled exhaust valve. It is interlocked with the grouting pump through the control system. By monitoring the air pressure inside the airbag in real time and controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve, the air pressure inside the airbag (1) is kept stable at the set pressure value of 10 kPa during the grouting process.

4. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag shell (4) is formed by the first inner half shell (8) and the second inner half shell (9) through a snap-fit ​​structure. After the two half shells are joined, an axial cavity is formed inside to accommodate the strong magnet column (2). The inner walls of the two half shells are pre-embedded with grooves for embedding the block strong magnet (7).

5. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes, before grouting, filling the airbag (1) with compressed air through a constant pressure airlock (3) to pre-expand it so that it initially fits the crack, and then switching to grouting mode.

6. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the crack distribution results analyzed by the computer model of the tunnel pipeline, the placement and number of airbags (1) were determined, and strong magnetic columns (2) with different magnetic field strengths were selected for combined installation.

7. The method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting machine includes an ultrafine cement container (10), a water glass container (11), and a mixed grouting infusion pipe (12). The magnetic grout composition includes ultrafine cement, water glass, and magnetic powder. The water-cement ratio ranges from 0.6 to 1. The amount of magnetic powder is 20% to 60% of the cement mass. The water glass concentration is 30 to 35 Be. The volume ratio of water glass to cement is 1:

1.

8. A method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic powder used in the magnetic slurry is a multi-level particle size compound system, including two types of magnetic powder: micron-sized (50-200μm) and nano-sized (80-200nm). Among them, the micron-sized magnetic powder mainly plays the role of rapidly forming the initial impact-resistant skeleton under the action of a magnetic field, while the nano-sized magnetic powder is used to fill the pores and enhance the fluidity and final density of the slurry. The mass ratio of micron-sized to nano-sized magnetic powder is 3:1 to 5:

1.

9. A method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes using a high-intensity magnetic field in the early stage of grouting to quickly adsorb magnetic powder and construct a dense outer layer; in the middle and late stages of grouting, the magnetic field intensity is appropriately reduced to reduce excessive constraint on the flow of grout, ensuring sufficient leveling and overall density of the grout inside the air bladder, thereby achieving gradient optimization of strength and density. The magnetic field is amplified by a temporary external power supply to the electromagnetic components; The reduction of the magnetic field strength is achieved by adjusting the external power supply current or by using magnetic short-circuit technology.

10. A method for sealing sudden water inrush in tunnel pipelines based on a magnetically controlled constant pressure airbag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the airbag shell (4) is provided with a standard magnetic interface (5); when sealing large or irregular cracks, multiple airbags (1) can be attracted and spliced ​​together through the magnetic interface (5) to form a larger, shape-variable joint sealing body, thereby significantly improving the adaptability and effectiveness of sealing complex leakage channels.

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