Cavity pressure adjusting device applied to high-temperature environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a cavity pressure adjusting device applied to a high-temperature environment, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engine cavity pressure adjustment. The cavity pressure adjusting device comprises a sealing assembly, an automatic pressure adjusting assembly, a transmission assembly, an active control assembly, a clutch assembly and a manual pressure adjusting assembly, and the cavity pressure adjusting device can automatically or manually adjust the pressure of a cavity through the automatic pressure adjusting assembly and the manual pressure adjusting assembly. The pressure regulating valve is simple in structure, the pressure state in the cavity is kept in a constant state, normal work of internal components is ensured, internal explosion of the cavity is prevented, the pressure regulating valve is suitable for the high-temperature environment, and the problems that an existing pressure regulating valve has obvious limitation in the field of high-temperature cavity pressure regulation, and the pressure regulating requirement of an aero-engine in the high-temperature environment cannot be met are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aero-engine cavity pressure regulation technology, and in particular relates to a cavity pressure regulation device used in high-temperature environments. Background Technology

[0002] Among the many key cavities of an aero-engine, such as the bearing cavity, engine oil pump cavity, fuel pump cavity, high-pressure compressor cavity, turbine cavity, and combustion chamber cavity, these cavities have complex internal structures. They are generally wrapped with heat insulation layers and contain important components such as bearings, nozzles, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and speed sensors.

[0003] The pressure state inside the engine cavity is crucial for the safe operation of the engine and the normal functioning of its internal components. On one hand, excessively high pressure within the cavity is unacceptable. Excessive pressure can damage internal components, affecting their performance and lifespan; more seriously, it may trigger an internal explosion, directly threatening the safety of the entire engine. On the other hand, excessively low pressure is also unacceptable. Low pressure can also endanger engine safety, potentially leading to poor lubrication, abnormal fuel supply, and other problems, thus affecting the engine's normal operation. Therefore, regulating the cavity pressure to maintain a constant level is a key measure to ensure the normal operation of internal components and prevent the risk of internal explosion.

[0004] Currently, pressure regulating valves are generally used for regulating chamber pressure. However, in the actual operating environment of aero-engines, the ambient temperature in some areas reaches 500-1000℃. Under such high-temperature conditions, existing pressure regulating valves cannot function properly. This is because most existing pressure regulating valves use electronic or hydraulic control methods. In high-temperature environments, cables are prone to overheating and burning out, causing the electronic control signals to fail to transmit properly, thus rendering the pressure regulating valve uncontrollable; and hydraulic oil is prone to coking at high temperatures, leading to blockages in the hydraulic system and preventing the pressure regulating valve from properly driving the pressure regulating valve to perform pressure regulation actions. This makes existing pressure regulating valves significantly limited in the field of high-temperature chamber pressure regulation and unable to meet the pressure regulation requirements of aero-engines in high-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention aims to provide a cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments, which solves the obvious limitations of existing pressure regulating valves in the field of high-temperature cavity pressure regulation, and cannot meet the pressure regulation requirements of aero engines in high-temperature environments.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows: This invention provides a cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments, including a sealing assembly and an automatic pressure adjustment assembly. The sealing assembly includes a sealing ring and a driving ring. The sealing ring is sleeved on a central shaft inside the cavity, with a first sealing end and a second sealing end at its two ends. The middle part of the sealing ring is sealed to the cavity. The first sealing end is located inside the cavity and slides in cooperation with a first U-shaped sealing groove on the central shaft. The second sealing end is located outside the cavity and slides in cooperation with a second U-shaped sealing groove at the end of the central shaft. The first U-shaped sealing groove and the second U-shaped sealing groove communicate with each other. When there is a gap between the first sealing end and the side of the first U-shaped sealing groove, and between the second sealing end and the side of the second U-shaped sealing groove, the medium flow channel inside the cavity is opened; when there is no gap, the medium flow channel inside the cavity is closed. The driving ring is fixedly connected to the second sealing end. The automatic pressure adjustment assembly includes a sealed balance housing located outside the cavity. An actuating rod is slidably disposed inside the sealed balance housing. A piston head is provided at the tail end of the actuating rod. The piston head is slidably and sealed to the sealed balance housing through a sealing ring. The head end of the actuating rod is located outside the sealed balance housing and is clearance-fitted to it. A first bellows is disposed between the sealed balance housing and the actuating rod segment. The two ends of the first bellows are fixedly connected to the end of the sealed balance housing and the actuating rod segment, respectively. The area between the piston head and the first bellows is connected to the cavity through a balance pipe. The head end of the actuator rod drives the drive ring to reciprocate linearly along the central axis via a transmission assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments also includes a first mounting plate located on one side of the drive ring and vertically arranged; the actuating rod is horizontally arranged; The transmission assembly includes a first rack, the end of which is fixedly connected to the head end of an actuating rod. The first rack meshes with a first gear, which is horizontally positioned. A first vertical transmission shaft is vertically connected to the middle of the first rack. The middle of the vertical transmission shaft is connected to the first mounting plate via a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat. A first bevel gear is positioned at the bottom of the vertical transmission shaft, meshing with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is vertically positioned and connected to a first horizontal transmission shaft at its middle. The middle of the first horizontal transmission shaft is connected to the first mounting plate via a third bearing seat and a fourth bearing seat. A second gear is connected to the other end of the first horizontal transmission shaft. The second gear is vertically positioned, and a drive rod is positioned at the top of the second gear. One end of the drive rod passes through the first mounting plate and connects to a drive ring. The drive rod and the first mounting plate are in clearance fit. The other end is provided with a second rack that meshes with the second gear. A second bellows is provided between the rod segment and the first mounting plate. The two ends of the second bellows are fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate and the rod segment, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the automatic pressure adjustment assembly also includes an active control assembly, which includes a fixed threaded sleeve. The fixed threaded sleeve is disposed outside the cavity and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cavity through a connecting seat. A first adjusting rod is horizontally disposed inside the fixed threaded sleeve. The middle section of the first adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed threaded sleeve. One end of the first adjusting rod is provided with a first rotating handwheel, and the other end passes through the sealed balance housing and is located inside it. A compression spring is disposed between the end face of the other end of the first adjusting rod and the end face of the piston head.

[0009] Furthermore, the other end of the first adjusting rod is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sealing balance housing via a sealing ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments also includes a clutch assembly, which includes a horizontally arranged second adjusting rod. The second adjusting rod is fixed to the outer wall of the cavity through a fifth bearing seat and a sixth bearing seat. One end of the second adjusting rod is provided with a second rotating handwheel, and the other end is provided with a third gear. A support rod is horizontally arranged on both the third and fourth bearing seats; two horizontal support rod grooves are provided on the first mounting plate, and the ends of the two support rods are slidably engaged with the two support rod grooves respectively by limiting nuts; A third rack is provided on the side wall of the fourth bearing housing, and the third rack is located below and meshes with it.

[0011] Furthermore, the cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments also includes a manual pressure adjustment component. The manual pressure adjustment component includes a vertically arranged third adjusting rod and a horizontally arranged slide rail. The bottom of the third adjusting rod is fixed to the first mounting plate through a seventh bearing seat and an eighth bearing seat. A third rotating handwheel is provided at the top of the third adjusting rod. A fourth gear is provided on the middle section of the third adjusting rod. The fourth gear meshes with a fourth rack. The fourth rack is horizontally arranged. The slide rail is horizontally arranged and one end is fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate. A slider is provided inside the slide rail. The fourth rack is fixedly connected to one end face of the slider through a rack support plate. The other end face of the slider is fixedly connected to the drive ring through a connecting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments also includes a locking pressure adjusting assembly. The locking pressure adjusting assembly includes a locking rod, which is vertically arranged. The top of the locking rod is located within the tooth gap of the fourth gear. The middle section of the locking rod is connected to the end face of the first mounting plate through a first mounting block. The middle section of the locking rod is clearance-fitted with the first mounting block. A rotating handle is provided at the bottom of the locking rod. A locking block is provided on one side of the rotating handle. The locking block is provided with two locking grooves, a first locking groove and a second locking groove, which cooperate with the rotating handle. The first locking groove and the second locking groove are vertically spaced apart.

[0013] Furthermore, a second mounting plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the first mounting plate, and a second mounting block with its sidewall fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate is arranged below the first mounting block. The rod segment of the locking rod passes through the second mounting plate and the second mounting block and is clearance-fitted with both. A third corrugated tube is sleeved on the rod segment of the locking rod. The top of the third corrugated tube is connected to the lower end face of the second mounting block, and the bottom of the third corrugated tube is fixedly connected to the rod segment of the locking rod.

[0014] Compared to existing pressure regulating valves, the advantages of this invention are: 1. The cavity pressure regulating device of the present invention is used in high temperature environment. All components adopt a purely mechanical design, without the need for electrical or hydraulic control, thus avoiding the damage of high temperature to electrical components and hydraulic system. It has a simple and reliable structure, low maintenance cost, and is suitable for regulating cavity pressure in high temperature environment. It solves the problems of cable burnout and hydraulic oil coking in existing pressure regulating valves at high temperature. It is suitable for cavity pressure regulation in high temperature working environment such as aero-engine.

[0015] 2. The cavity pressure regulating device of the present invention, which is used in a high-temperature environment, can automatically adjust according to the changes in the internal pressure of the cavity to ensure constant cavity pressure, and ensure the normal operation of the internal components and the safe operation of the engine.

[0016] 3. A cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to the present invention, wherein the first sealing end and the second sealing end of the sealing ring are respectively used to slide in cooperation with the first "U"-shaped sealing groove and the second "U"-shaped sealing groove of the central shaft. The first sealing end and the second sealing end can close or open the medium flow channel in the cavity to adjust the medium pressure in the cavity; at the same time, when the medium flow channel is closed, medium leakage is effectively prevented, ensuring reliable operation of the device in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, and improving the stability and accuracy of pressure regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer through the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale to actual dimensions; the focus is on illustrating the main points of the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure for mounting the sealing assembly with the central shaft.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic pressure adjustment component and the active control component.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clutch assembly and the transmission assembly.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for the manual pressure adjustment component and the locking pressure adjustment component to work together.

[0024] Wherein, 1 is a sealing assembly; 11 is a sealing ring; 111 is a first sealing end; 112 is a second sealing end; and 12 is a driving ring. 2. Automatic pressure adjustment assembly; 21. Sealed balance housing; 22. Actuating rod; 23. Piston head; 24. First bellows; 3. Cavity; 4. Central axis; 5. The first "U"-shaped sealing groove; 6. Second "U"-shaped sealing groove; 7. Balance the pipeline; 8. Transmission assembly; 81. First rack; 82. First gear; 83. First vertical transmission shaft; 84. First bearing housing; 85. Second bearing housing; 86. First bevel gear; 87. Second bevel gear; 88. First horizontal transmission shaft; 89. Third bearing housing; 810. Fourth bearing housing; 811. Second gear; 812. Drive rod; 813. Second rack; 814. Second bellows; 9. First mounting plate; 10. Active control component; 101. Fixed threaded sleeve; 102. Connecting seat; 103. First adjusting rod; 104. First rotating handwheel; 105. Compression spring; 13. Clutch assembly; 131. Second adjusting rod; 132. Fifth bearing seat; 133. Sixth bearing seat; 134. Second rotating handwheel; 135. Third gear; 136. Support rod; 137. Support rod groove; 138. Limit nut; 139. Third rack; 14. Manual pressure adjustment assembly; 141. Third adjusting rod; 142. Slide rail; 143. Seventh bearing seat; 144. Eighth bearing seat; 145. Third rotating handwheel; 146. Fourth gear; 147. Fourth rack; 148. Slider; 149. Rack support plate; 1410. Connecting block; 15. Locking pressure adjustment assembly; 151. Locking rod; 152. First mounting block; 153. Rotating handle; 154. Locking block; 155. First locking groove; 156. Second locking groove; 157. Second mounting plate; 158. Second mounting block; 159. Third bellows. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments, including a sealing assembly 1 and an automatic pressure adjusting assembly 2; the sealing assembly 1 includes a sealing ring 11 and a driving ring 12; the sealing ring 11 is sleeved on the central shaft 4 inside the cavity 3, the two ends of the sealing ring 11 are a first sealing end 111 and a second sealing end 112, the middle part of the sealing ring 11 is sealed to the cavity 3, and the first sealing end 111 is located inside the cavity 3 and slides in cooperation with the first U-shaped sealing groove 5 of the central shaft 4; The second sealing end 112 is located outside the cavity 3 and slides in cooperation with the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6 at the end of the central shaft 4. The first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5 communicates with the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6. When there is a gap between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5 and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, the medium flow channel in the cavity 3 is opened. When there is no gap, the medium flow channel in the cavity 3 is closed. The driving ring 12 is fixedly connected to the second sealing end 112. The automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 includes a sealed balance housing 21 located outside the cavity 3. An actuating rod 22 is slidably disposed inside the sealed balance housing 21. A piston head 23 is provided at the tail end of the actuating rod 22. The piston head 23 is slidably sealed to the sealed balance housing 21 through a sealing ring to improve sealing performance and prevent leakage of the medium inside the sealed balance housing 21. The head end of the actuating rod 22 is located outside the sealed balance housing 21 and is clearance-fitted with it. A first bellows 24 is provided between the sealed balance housing 21 and the rod segment of the actuating rod 22. The two ends of the first bellows 24 are fixedly connected to the end of the sealed balance housing 21 and the rod segment of the actuating rod 22, respectively. The area between the piston head 23 and the first bellows 24 is connected to the cavity 3 through a balance pipe 7. The head end of the actuating rod 22 drives the drive ring 12 to reciprocate linearly along the axis of the central shaft 4 through the transmission assembly 8. The first bellows 24 is used to seal and contain the medium inside the sealed balance housing 21, and at the same time provides a pulling force to the left to facilitate the subsequent reset of the actuating rod 22.

[0029] The basic principle of the cavity pressure regulating device used in the high-temperature environment in this invention is as follows: When the pressure of the fluid medium in the cavity 3 increases, since the cavity 3 and the sealing balance shell 21 are interconnected, the pressure in the sealing balance shell 21 increases. This drives the actuator 22 to move to the right and, through the transmission assembly 8, drives the first sealing end 111 and the second sealing end 112 in the sealing ring 11 to move to the left. This creates gaps between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5, and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, allowing the fluid medium in the cavity 3 to flow out, reducing the pressure in the cavity 3. This solves the problem that excessive pressure can damage internal components, affect their performance and lifespan, and may even cause the cavity 3 to explode, directly threatening the safety of the entire engine. When the pressure of the fluid medium in the cavity 3 decreases, the automatic pressure adjustment component 2 operates in reverse, thereby closing the gap between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5 and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, thus realizing the automatic pressure adjustment function of the cavity 3.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the cavity pressure regulating device used in high-temperature environments also includes a first mounting plate 9 located on one side of the drive ring 12 and vertically arranged; the actuating rod 22 is horizontally arranged; as a specific arrangement of the transmission assembly 8, the transmission assembly 8 includes a first rack 81, the end of the first rack 81 is fixedly connected to the head end of the actuating rod 22, the first rack 81 meshes with a first gear 82, the first gear 82 is horizontally arranged, a first vertical transmission shaft 83 is vertically connected to the middle of the first rack 81, the middle of the vertical transmission shaft is connected to the first mounting plate 9 through a first bearing seat 84 and a second bearing seat 85, a first bevel gear 86 is arranged at the bottom of the vertical transmission shaft, the first bevel gear 86 meshes with a second bevel gear 87, the second bevel gear 87 is vertically arranged and the middle of the first rack 81 is vertically arranged and the first bevel gear 86 is horizontally arranged; as a specific arrangement of the transmission assembly 8, the transmission assembly 8 includes a first rack 81, the end of the first rack 81 is fixedly connected to the head end of the actuating rod 22, the first rack 81 meshes with a first gear 82, the first gear 82 is horizontally arranged ... A first horizontal drive shaft 88 is connected to the transmission assembly 8. The middle part of the first horizontal drive shaft 88 is connected to the first mounting plate 9 through a third bearing seat 89 and a fourth bearing seat 810. A second gear 811 is connected to the other end of the first horizontal drive shaft 88. The second gear 811 is vertically arranged, and a drive rod 812 is provided on the top of the second gear 811. One end of the drive rod 812 passes through the first mounting plate 9 and is connected to the drive ring 12. The drive rod 812 and the first mounting plate 9 are clearance-fitted. The other end is provided with a second rack 813 that meshes with the second gear 811. A second bellows 814 is provided between the rod segment of the drive rod 812 and the first mounting plate 9. The two ends of the second bellows 814 are fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate 9 and the rod segment of the drive rod 812, respectively. Since a bevel gear is provided in the transmission assembly 8, the first bearing seat 84 and the second bearing seat 85 are respectively used to bear the axial load and radial load of the vertical drive shaft, ensuring the stability of the vertical drive shaft operation. The second bellows 814 provides a thrust to the drive rod 812 in a direction away from the sealing ring 11 and the drive ring 12. After the pressure in the cavity 3 is exhausted, the drive rod 812 drives the sealing ring 11 and the drive ring 12 to move to the left, thereby closing the gap between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5, and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, thus sealing the medium in the cavity 3 and preventing medium leakage.

[0031] The working principle of the transmission assembly 8 is as follows: When the actuator rod 22 moves to the right, it drives the first rack 81 to move to the right and the first rack 81 drives the first gear 82 to rotate clockwise. The first gear 82 drives the first bevel gear 86 to rotate clockwise through the first vertical transmission shaft 83. The first bevel gear 86 drives the second bevel gear 87 and the second gear 811 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the second gear 811 drives the second rack 813 and the drive rod 812 fixedly connected to the second rack 813 to move to the left. The drive rod 812 moving to the left drives the drive ring 12 and the sealing ring 11 connected to the drive ring 12 to move to the left, so that there is a gap between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5 and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, allowing the fluid medium in the cavity 3 to flow out from the gap, reducing the pressure in the cavity 3, and achieving the purpose of automatic pressure regulation in the cavity 3.

[0032] Preferably, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 further includes an active control assembly 10. The active control assembly 10 includes a fixed threaded sleeve 101, which is disposed outside the cavity 3 and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cavity 3 via a connecting seat 102. A first adjusting rod 103 is horizontally disposed inside the fixed threaded sleeve 101. The middle section of the first adjusting rod 103 is threadedly connected to the fixed threaded sleeve 101. One end of the first adjusting rod 103 is provided with a first rotating handwheel 104, and the other end passes through the sealing balance housing 21 and is located inside it. A compression spring 105 is disposed between the end face of the other end of the first adjusting rod 103 and the end face of the piston head 23. The other end of the first adjusting rod 103 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sealing balance housing 21 via a sealing ring 11 to prevent leakage of the medium inside the sealing balance housing 21.

[0033] The principle of the active control component 10 is as follows: by turning the first rotating handwheel 104, the position of the other end of the first adjusting rod 103 inside the sealed balance housing 21 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the initial pressure of the area between the piston head 23 and the first bellows 24, and also adjusting the force of the compression spring 105 on the actuating rod 22, thus adjusting the sensitivity of the automatic pressure adjustment component 2; since the first adjusting rod 103 is threadedly connected to the fixed threaded sleeve 101, the actuating rod 22 cannot move to the left, and can only move to the right. The transmission device transmits the linear movement of the actuating rod 22 to the drive ring 12, which drives the sealing ring 11 to move, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately adjusting the pressure of the cavity 3.

[0034] Preferred, but not limited to, such as Figures 1-5As shown, when manual adjustment of the pressure in the cavity 3 is required, and automatic pressure adjustment component 2 is not needed to adjust the pressure in the cavity 3, the automatic pressure adjustment component 2 needs to be separated. Therefore, the cavity pressure adjustment device used in high-temperature environments also includes a clutch component 13. The clutch component 13 includes a horizontally arranged second adjustment rod 131. The second adjustment rod 131 is fixed to the outer wall of the cavity 3 through a fifth bearing seat 132 and a sixth bearing seat 133. One end of the second adjustment rod 131 is provided with a second rotating handwheel 134, and the other end is provided with a third gear 135. A support rod 136 is horizontally arranged on both the third bearing seat 89 and the fourth bearing seat 810. Two horizontal support rod grooves 137 are opened on the first mounting plate 9. The ends of the two support rods 136 are slidably engaged with the two support rod grooves 137 respectively through a limiting nut 138. A third rack 139 is provided on the side wall of the fourth bearing seat 810. The third rack 139 is located below and meshes with the third gear 139.

[0035] The working principle of the clutch assembly 13 is as follows: Rotating the second handwheel 134 clockwise causes the second adjusting rod 131 and the third gear 135 connected to the second adjusting rod 131 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the third gear 135 drives the third rack 139 to move to the right. The third rack 139, moving to the right, acts on the third bearing seat 89, causing the third bearing seat 89 to move to the right along the support rod groove 137. This disengages the first gear 82 at the top of the vertical transmission shaft from the first rack 81, cutting off the transmission between the first gear 82 and the first rack 81. Ultimately, this prevents the automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 from acting on the sealing assembly 1, satisfying the need for manual adjustment of the cavity 3 pressure, but not for automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 to adjust the cavity 3 pressure. Conversely, when automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 is needed to adjust the cavity 3 pressure, rotating the second handwheel 134 counterclockwise engages the first gear 82 with the first rack 81, thus enabling automatic pressure adjustment assembly 2 to adjust the cavity 3 pressure.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the manual pressure adjustment assembly 14 includes a vertically arranged third adjusting rod 141 and a horizontally arranged slide rail 142. The bottom of the third adjusting rod 141 is fixed to the first mounting plate 9 through a seventh bearing seat 143 and an eighth bearing seat 144. A third rotating handwheel 145 is provided at the top of the third adjusting rod 141. A fourth gear 146 is provided on the middle section of the third adjusting rod 141. The fourth gear 146 meshes with a fourth rack 147, which is horizontally arranged. The slide rail 142 is horizontally arranged and one end is fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate 9. A slider 148 is provided inside the slide rail 142. The fourth rack 147 is fixedly connected to one end face of the slider 148 through a rack support plate 149. The other end face of the slider 148 is fixedly connected to the drive ring 12 through a connecting block 1410.

[0037] The principle of the manual pressure adjustment component 14 is as follows: rotating the third rotating handwheel 145 clockwise causes the third adjusting rod 141 to rotate clockwise. The rotating third adjusting rod 141 causes the fourth rack 147 to move to the right. The fourth rack 147, moving to the right, causes the slider 148 to move to the right through the rack support plate 149. The slider 148, moving to the right, causes the drive ring 12 and the sealing ring 11 fixed to the drive ring 12 to move through the connecting block 1410. This opens or closes the gap between the first sealing end 111 and the side of the first "U"-shaped sealing groove 5, and between the second sealing end 112 and the side of the second "U"-shaped sealing groove 6, ultimately achieving the purpose of manually adjusting the pressure of the cavity 3.

[0038] Preferably, the cavity pressure regulating device further includes a locking pressure adjusting component 15, which acts on the manual pressure adjusting component 14. The locking pressure adjusting component 15 includes a locking rod 151, which is vertically arranged. The top of the locking rod 151 is located within the tooth gap of the fourth gear 146. The middle section of the locking rod 151 is connected to the end face of the first mounting plate 9 through a first mounting block 152. The middle section of the locking rod 151 is clearance-fitted with the first mounting block 152. A rotating handle 153 is provided at the bottom of the locking rod 151. A locking block 154 is provided on one side of the rotating handle 153. The locking block 154 is provided with two locking grooves, a first locking groove 155 and a second locking groove 156, which cooperate with the rotating wrench. The first locking groove 155 and the second locking groove 156 are vertically spaced apart. A second mounting plate 157 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the first mounting plate 9. A second mounting block 158 is arranged below the first mounting block 152, with its sidewall fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate 9. The rod segment of the locking rod 151 passes through the second mounting plate 157 and the second mounting block 158 and is clearance-fitted with both. A third corrugated tube 159 is sleeved on the rod segment of the locking rod 151. The top of the third corrugated tube 159 is connected to the lower end face of the second mounting block 158, and the bottom of the third corrugated tube 159 is fixedly connected to the rod segment of the locking rod 151.

[0039] The principle of the locking pressure adjustment assembly 15 is as follows: By rotating the handle 153, the height position of the top of the locking rod 151 is adjusted. When it is necessary to lock the manual pressure adjustment assembly 14, the top of the locking rod 151 is engaged in the tooth gap of the fourth gear 146, and the handle 153 is rotated to position it in the first locking groove 155, which can prevent the fourth gear 146 from rotating, thereby locking the manual pressure adjustment assembly 14. When it is not necessary to lock the manual pressure adjustment assembly 14, the locking rod 151 is pressed down by rotating the handle 153, and the handle 153 is positioned in the second locking groove 156, so that the top of the locking rod 151 is disengaged from the tooth gap of the fourth gear 146, and the fourth gear 146 can rotate freely, which facilitates manual adjustment of the pressure in the cavity 3. The third bellows 159 provides an upward thrust to the locking rod 151, which facilitates the reset of the locking rod 151.

[0040] All components in this invention are made of high-temperature resistant materials to adapt to the high-temperature environment of the aero-engine cavity 3.

[0041] In summary, the cavity pressure regulating device of this invention, applicable to high-temperature environments, can automatically or manually regulate the pressure of cavity 3, maintaining a constant pressure state inside cavity 3. This ensures the normal operation of internal components and prevents cavity 3 from imploding. It is suitable for high-temperature environments, overcoming the significant limitations of existing pressure regulating valves in regulating the pressure of high-temperature cavities 3, which cannot meet the pressure regulation requirements of aero-engines in high-temperature environments. Furthermore, all components in the cavity pressure regulating device are purely mechanical, requiring no electrical or hydraulic control, thus avoiding damage to electrical components and hydraulic systems caused by high temperatures. The device is simple and reliable in structure, with low maintenance costs, and is suitable for regulating the pressure of cavity 3 in high-temperature environments. It solves the problems of cable burnout and hydraulic oil coking in existing pressure regulating valves at high temperatures, making it suitable for cavity 3 pressure regulation in high-temperature operating environments such as aero-engines.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments, characterized in that, The device includes a sealing assembly and an automatic pressure adjustment assembly. The sealing assembly includes a sealing ring and a drive ring. The sealing ring is sleeved on the central shaft inside the cavity, with a first sealing end and a second sealing end at its two ends. The middle part of the sealing ring is sealed to the cavity. The first sealing end is located inside the cavity and slides in cooperation with a first U-shaped sealing groove on the central shaft. The second sealing end is located outside the cavity and slides in cooperation with a second U-shaped sealing groove at the end of the central shaft. The first U-shaped sealing groove and the second U-shaped sealing groove communicate with each other. When there is a gap between the first sealing end and the side of the first U-shaped sealing groove, and between the second sealing end and the side of the second U-shaped sealing groove, the medium flow channel inside the cavity is opened; when there is no gap, the medium flow channel inside the cavity is closed. The drive ring is fixedly connected to the second sealing end. The automatic pressure adjustment assembly includes a sealed balance housing located outside the cavity. An actuating rod is slidably disposed inside the sealed balance housing. A piston head is provided at the tail end of the actuating rod. The piston head is slidably and sealed to the sealed balance housing through a sealing ring. The head end of the actuating rod is located outside the sealed balance housing and is clearance-fitted to it. A first bellows is disposed between the sealed balance housing and the actuating rod segment. The two ends of the first bellows are fixedly connected to the end of the sealed balance housing and the actuating rod segment, respectively. The area between the piston head and the first bellows is connected to the cavity through a balance pipe. The head end of the actuator rod drives the drive ring to reciprocate linearly along the central axis via a transmission assembly.

2. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first mounting plate located on one side of the drive ring and vertically arranged; the actuating rod is horizontally arranged. The transmission assembly includes a first rack, the end of which is fixedly connected to the head end of an actuating rod. The first rack meshes with a first gear, which is horizontally positioned. A first vertical transmission shaft is vertically connected to the middle of the first rack. The middle of the vertical transmission shaft is connected to the first mounting plate via a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat. A first bevel gear is positioned at the bottom of the vertical transmission shaft, meshing with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is vertically positioned and connected to a first horizontal transmission shaft at its middle. The middle of the first horizontal transmission shaft is connected to the first mounting plate via a third bearing seat and a fourth bearing seat. A second gear is connected to the other end of the first horizontal transmission shaft. The second gear is vertically positioned, and a drive rod is positioned at the top of the second gear. One end of the drive rod passes through the first mounting plate and connects to a drive ring. The drive rod and the first mounting plate are in clearance fit. The other end is provided with a second rack that meshes with the second gear. A second bellows is provided between the rod segment and the first mounting plate. The two ends of the second bellows are fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate and the rod segment, respectively.

3. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic pressure adjustment assembly also includes an active control assembly, which includes a fixed threaded sleeve. The fixed threaded sleeve is disposed outside the cavity and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cavity through a connecting seat. A first adjusting rod is horizontally disposed inside the fixed threaded sleeve. The middle section of the first adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed threaded sleeve. One end of the first adjusting rod is provided with a first rotating handwheel, and the other end passes through the sealed balance housing and is located inside it. A compression spring is disposed between the end face of the other end of the first adjusting rod and the end face of the piston head.

4. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other end of the first adjusting rod is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sealing balance housing via a sealing ring.

5. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a clutch assembly, which includes a horizontally arranged second adjusting rod. The second adjusting rod is fixed to the outer wall of the cavity through a fifth bearing seat and a sixth bearing seat. One end of the second adjusting rod is provided with a second rotating handwheel, and the other end is provided with a third gear. A support rod is horizontally arranged on both the third and fourth bearing seats; two horizontal support rod grooves are provided on the first mounting plate, and the ends of the two support rods are slidably engaged with the two support rod grooves respectively by limiting nuts; A third rack is provided on the side wall of the fourth bearing housing, and the third rack is located below and meshes with it.

6. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a manual pressure adjustment assembly, which includes a vertically arranged third adjustment rod and a horizontally arranged slide rail. The bottom of the third adjustment rod is fixed to the first mounting plate through a seventh bearing seat and an eighth bearing seat. A third rotating handwheel is provided at the top of the third adjustment rod. A fourth gear is provided on the middle section of the third adjustment rod. The fourth gear meshes with a fourth rack. The fourth rack is horizontally arranged. The slide rail is horizontally arranged and one end is fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate. A slider is provided inside the slide rail. The fourth rack is fixedly connected to one end face of the slider through a rack support plate. The other end face of the slider is fixedly connected to the drive ring through a connecting block.

7. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a locking pressure adjustment assembly, which includes a locking rod. The locking rod is vertically arranged, with its top located within the tooth gap of the fourth gear. The middle section of the locking rod is connected to the end face of the first mounting plate via a first mounting block. The middle section of the locking rod is clearance-fitted with the first mounting block. A rotating handle is provided at the bottom of the locking rod. A locking block is provided on one side of the rotating handle. The locking block has two locking grooves, a first locking groove and a second locking groove, which cooperate with the rotating handle. The first locking groove and the second locking groove are vertically spaced apart.

8. The cavity pressure regulating device for use in high-temperature environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second mounting plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the first mounting plate. A second mounting block with its sidewall fixedly connected to the end face of the first mounting plate is arranged below the first mounting block. The rod segment of the locking rod passes through the second mounting plate and the second mounting block and is clearance-fitted with both. A third corrugated tube is sleeved on the rod segment of the locking rod. The top of the third corrugated tube is connected to the lower end face of the second mounting block, and the bottom of the third corrugated tube is fixedly connected to the rod segment of the locking rod.

Images