Gear selecting and shifting and main and auxiliary box gas circuit interlocking integrated top cover

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear selecting and shifting and main and auxiliary box gas circuit interlocking integrated top cover, and relates to the technical field of transmission parts, the top cover comprises a top cover shell, a gear shifting block, a gear shifting shaft assembly, a gear selecting shaft assembly, a follow-up valve and an auxiliary box cylinder assembly, the gear shifting block is provided with a fan-shaped groove structure, and the fan-shaped groove comprises a transparent part and an arc-shaped limiting surface; the air valve lock pin penetrates through the top cover shell and abuts against the fan-shaped groove of the gear shifting block. The air valve lock pin is connected with the return spring. And the end part of the air valve lock pin is opposite to the chamfer inclined surface of the piston rod of the follow-up valve. According to the gear selecting and shifting and main and auxiliary box gas circuit interlocking integrated top cover, the gear selecting and shifting and gas circuit interlocking functions are integrated in the top cover, the gear state of the main box is directly sensed through a mechanical structure, and an auxiliary box gas circuit is forcibly locked.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transmission components, in particular to a top cover with integrated gear selection and interlocking gas circuits for main and auxiliary gearboxes. BACKGROUND

[0002] In different regions with complex road conditions, especially in the mountainous terrain of the southwest market, traditional single-main-gearbox transmissions have significant defects such as insufficient power output and poor climbing performance. To improve the passability of vehicles on steep slopes, a transmission assembly with an auxiliary gearbox is required to increase the head gear ratio and expand the speed ratio range, effectively enhancing the climbing power. However, during the high-low gear switching process of the auxiliary gearbox, to avoid vehicle hill rolling, the synchronizer must be relied on for in-motion gear shifting. This process has serious hidden dangers: if the main gearbox is in the engaged state when switching the gear position of the auxiliary gearbox, the superimposed rotational inertia of the clutch plate and the internal gear of the main gearbox will far exceed the design threshold, causing the auxiliary gearbox synchronizer to bear an abnormal impact load, accelerating abnormal wear and even early failure, significantly shortening the service life of the synchronizer. Existing technologies attempt to solve this problem, but all have limitations such as dispersed structure, delayed response, or inability to adapt to pneumatic auxiliary gearboxes, and do not integrate gear selection and interlocking gas circuits in the top cover. SUMMARY

[0003] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a top cover with integrated gear selection and interlocking gas circuits for main and auxiliary gearboxes, which integrates gear selection and interlocking gas circuits in the top cover, directly senses the gear position state of the main gearbox through mechanical structure, and forcibly locks the gas circuit of the auxiliary gearbox.

[0005] TECHNICAL SCHEME

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A top cover with integrated gear selection and interlocking gas circuits for main and auxiliary gearboxes, comprising a top cover shell, a gear shifting knob, a gear shifting shaft assembly, a gear selection shaft assembly, a follow-up valve, and an auxiliary gearbox gas cylinder assembly. The gear shifting knob is provided with a fan-shaped groove structure, the fan-shaped groove includes an open part and an arc-shaped limiting surface; a gas valve lock pin penetrates the top cover shell and abuts against the fan-shaped groove of the gear shifting knob, and the gas valve lock pin is connected with a return spring; the end of the gas valve lock pin is arranged opposite to the chamfered slope of the piston rod of the follow-up valve; when the main gearbox is engaged, the arc-shaped limiting surface of the gear shifting knob pushes the gas valve lock pin to axially displace, so that the end of the lock pin tightly pushes against the slope of the piston rod to lock the follow-up valve; when the main gearbox is in the neutral state, the return spring pushes the gas valve lock pin to reset to the open part of the fan-shaped groove, and the lock pin is separated from the piston rod.

[0008] Forced interlocking protection:

[0009] When the main box is engaged, the air valve lock pin is pressed against the piston rod of the follow-up valve, physically locking the secondary box gas path, completely blocking the high-low gear switching operation, and avoiding the impact of the main box gear inertia on the synchronizer.

[0010] The neutral position is unlocked in real time:

[0011] When the main box is in neutral, the return spring pushes the lock pin back to the fan-shaped slot transparent part, releasing the constraint on the piston rod, ensuring that the secondary box can switch between high and low gears without obstacles, and meeting the needs of shifting while driving.

[0012] Multifunctional integration:

[0013] The selection and shifting mechanism (selection shaft assembly, shifting shaft assembly) and interlocking assembly are integrated in the top cover shell, eliminating external valves / pipes (such as the gas path control valve in the comparative file), reducing the number of failure points by more than 50%, and adapting to high-frequency shifting conditions in mountainous areas.

[0014] As an option, the follow-up valve is connected to the secondary box cylinder assembly through a high-low gear gas pipe, and the cylinder piston drives the secondary box yoke shaft yoke assembly.

[0015] Accurate transmission of gas path signals: The high-low gear gas pipe serves as a closed channel, transmitting the gas pressure signal output by the follow-up valve to the secondary box cylinder assembly without loss, avoiding the gas pressure attenuation of traditional multi-stage valves.

[0016] Gas-mechanical energy conversion: The cylinder piston converts gas pressure energy into linear mechanical thrust, directly driving the secondary box yoke shaft yoke assembly to move axially, achieving gear meshing / separation in the secondary box.

[0017] Terminal interlocking execution: When the main box is engaged, the follow-up valve is closed by the lock pin, the cylinder has no gas pressure input, the piston is stationary, and the secondary box shifting function is forcibly disabled, completely blocking the synchronizer impact path.

[0018] As an option, the shifting knob is sleeved on the shifting shaft assembly through a spline, and the shifting knob is embedded in the horizontal movement slot of the shifting knob.

[0019] Through spline connection, the shifting knob can rotate synchronously with the shifting shaft in the circumferential direction, realizing the entry and exit of the gear position; at the same time, the shifting knob is embedded in the horizontal movement slot of the shifting knob, so that the selection action can accurately guide the shifting knob to move left and right in the axial direction, completing the selection positioning.

[0020] As an option, the axial displacement stroke of the air valve lock pin is equal to the depth of the fan-shaped slot, and the end of the lock pin forms a surface contact self-locking with the piston rod after displacement.

[0021] By setting the axial displacement stroke of the gas valve lock pin equal to the depth of the sector groove and forming a surface contact self-locking after the lock pin end contacts the reverse angle chamfer of the valve piston rod, a stable and large contact area mechanical constraint can be generated when the main box is in gear, effectively preventing misoperation or lock failure caused by vibration or air pressure fluctuations. This surface contact self-locking mechanism significantly improves the carrying capacity and reliability of the interlocking structure, completely blocking the possibility of gear shifting of the auxiliary box when the main box is under load, thereby protecting the auxiliary box synchronizer from high rotational inertia impact, prolonging its service life, and ensuring driving safety in complex mountainous conditions.

[0022] As an option, the selection shaft assembly rotates to move the shift knob left and right, realizing 1 / 2, 3 / 4, and R gear selection.

[0023] By matching the shift knob on the selection shaft assembly with the horizontal movement slot of the shift knob, the rotational motion of the selection shaft is converted into the axial left and right movement of the shift knob, thereby completing the pre-selection of different gear groups such as 1 / 2, 3 / 4, and R gears. This mechanical transmission method ensures the accuracy and stability of the selection action, avoiding misselection or gear skipping, and is particularly suitable for integrated top cover structures that require reliable operation and compact spatial layout.

[0024] As an option, the shift shaft assembly rotates to drive the shift knob to rotate circumferentially to engage the gear.

[0025] Through the spline connection between the shift shaft assembly and the shift knob, it is ensured that the torque can be efficiently and without relative slip transmitted to the shift knob during gear engagement, driving it to rotate circumferentially, thereby pushing the shift fork and shift fork shaft to complete the gear meshing action. Spline connection has the advantages of strong carrying capacity, good centering, and smooth axial sliding, which not only ensures accurate transmission of the shift force, but also does not hinder the axial movement of the shift knob during selection.

[0026] As an option, the gas path interlock only controls the opening and closing of the gas path through mechanical linkage.

[0027] By directly controlling the opening and closing of the auxiliary box gas path through pure mechanical linkage, the risk of misoperation of the auxiliary box during main box gear engagement is eliminated. The gas path interlock does not rely on electronic control units or external sensors, but only relies on the physical position changes of mechanical components such as the shift knob and gas valve lock pin to trigger the locking action, ensuring that the interlocking function remains effective under any conditions, including when the electrical system fails. This purely mechanical control greatly improves the reliability and safety of the system, effectively protecting the auxiliary box synchronizer from the impact of the main box gear rotational inertia, preventing early wear or failure, and is particularly suitable for complex and harsh mountainous operating environments.

[0028] As an option, the top cover shell is an integral structure.

[0029] The top cover shell adopts an integrated structure, which significantly improves the rigidity, sealing performance and assembly reliability of the overall structure.

[0030] Advantages

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following advantages:

[0032] The technical scheme provided by the application realizes intelligent interlocking of forced locking of the auxiliary gearbox gas circuit when the main gearbox is in gear and automatic unlocking when the main gearbox is in neutral, effectively avoids the impact of the main gearbox gear rotational inertia on the auxiliary gearbox synchronizer, significantly improves the gear shifting reliability and system durability, and is particularly suitable for heavy-duty vehicles with frequent gear shifting and high reliability requirements under complex road conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0034] Figure 2 A longitudinal sectional view of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0035] Figure 3 A structure diagram of a gas valve lock pin and a follow-up valve of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0036] Figure 4 A gear shifting knob and gear shifting shaft assembly of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0037] Figure 5 A structure diagram of a gas valve lock pin and a follow-up valve of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0038] Figure 6 A structure diagram of a gas cylinder cover of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0039] Figure 7 A position diagram of a gas cylinder piston of an integrated top cover for gear selection and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0040] 1, top cover shell; 2, shift knob; 3, shift shaft assembly; 4, selection shaft assembly; 5, gas valve lock pin; 6, return spring; 7, follow-up valve; 8, high-low gear gas pipe; 9, cylinder head; 10, cylinder piston; 11, sub-gear fork shaft yoke assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further understand the content of the present application, the present application is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] In conjunction with the drawings Figures 1-5 A selection and interlocking integrated top cover of gear and main and sub-gear gas circuit, comprising a top cover shell 1, a shift knob 2, a shift shaft assembly 3, a selection shaft assembly 4, a follow-up valve 7 and a sub-gear cylinder assembly, the shift knob 2 is provided with a fan-shaped groove structure, the fan-shaped groove comprises a through-hole part and an arc-shaped limiting surface; the gas valve lock pin 5 penetrates through the top cover shell 1 and abuts against the fan-shaped groove of the shift knob 2, the gas valve lock pin 5 is connected with the return spring 6; the end of the gas valve lock pin 5 is arranged opposite to the chamfered surface of the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7; when the main gear is engaged, the arc-shaped limiting surface of the shift knob 2 pushes the gas valve lock pin 5 to axially displace, so that the end of the lock pin tightly abuts against the inclined surface of the piston rod, locking the follow-up valve 7; when the main gear is in neutral, the return spring 6 pushes the gas valve lock pin 5 to reset to the through-hole part of the fan-shaped groove, and the lock pin is separated from the piston rod.

[0044] Main gear engaged → interlocking effective:

[0045] The shift shaft assembly 3 rotates to drive the shift knob 2 to deflect → the arc-shaped limiting surface of the fan-shaped groove pushes the gas valve lock pin 5 to axially displace by a distance A → the end of the lock pin tightly abuts against the inclined surface of the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7 → the piston rod is locked, the gas circuit is closed → the sub-gear cylinder assembly cannot be ventilated, and the high-low gear switching function is disabled.

[0046] Main gear neutral → interlocking released:

[0047] The shift knob 2 is rotated back to the neutral position → the return spring 6 pushes the gas valve lock pin 5 to reset to the through-hole part of the fan-shaped groove → the lock pin is separated from the inclined surface of the piston rod → the piston of the follow-up valve 7 can move freely → the gas circuit is open → the sub-gear is driven by the cylinder piston 10 to complete gear shifting.

[0048] Direct conversion of mechanical gear position to gas circuit on-off: the fan-shaped groove structure of the shift knob 2 converts the main gear position state into lock pin displacement in real time, controls the opening and closing of the gas circuit through physical contact, and the response delay is <0.1 second (compared with the existing gas circuit valve solution delay >0.5 second);

[0049] Self-locking inclined surface design: the inclined surface of the piston rod and the end of the lock pin form a surface contact self-locking (non-point contact), which ensures that the gas circuit is 100% locked in the engaged state, avoiding accidental unlocking caused by vibration.

[0050] The follow-up valve 7 is connected to the auxiliary box cylinder assembly via high / low gear air pipes 8, and the cylinder piston 10 drives the auxiliary box fork shaft shift fork assembly 11. The operation logic is divided into two stages: pneumatic transmission and mechanical drive.

[0051] Pressure transmission stage:

[0052] When the follow-up valve 7 is opened, compressed gas is unidirectionally input into the left or right air chamber of the auxiliary box cylinder assembly (corresponding to the high / low gear) through the high and low gear air pipe 8.

[0053] The air tube uses a pressure-resistant rubber / metal braided layer structure to ensure zero leakage in air pressure transmission (pressure loss <5%).

[0054] Mechanical drive stage:

[0055] Combined with appendix Figure 6 , 7 The cylinder piston 10 moves linearly to the low-pressure side under the action of air pressure (stroke L=20-30mm), and the cylinder piston 10 is provided with a cylinder head 9;

[0056] The piston rod is connected to the ball joint to push the auxiliary box fork shaft shift fork assembly 11 to rotate around the axis by an angle θ (θ≈15°).

[0057] The pawl of the shift fork assembly actuates the synchronizer sleeve of the auxiliary gearbox to complete the high and low gear switching (mechanical transmission efficiency ≥92%).

[0058] Closed-loop control principle:

[0059] Forward action: Follow-up valve 7 vents → cylinder pressurizes → piston moves → shift fork rotates → auxiliary gearbox shifts;

[0060] Interlock freeze: Follow-up valve 7 is closed (when the main gearbox is engaged) → cylinder depressurization → piston self-locking → shift fork position is fixed → auxiliary gearbox position is maintained.

[0061] This process achieves precise closed-loop control of air circuit signal → mechanical action → gear output, with a response time of ≤0.2 seconds.

[0062] The shift knob 2 is sleeved on the shift shaft assembly 3 by spline, and the shift block of the selection shaft assembly 4 is embedded in the lateral moving groove of the shift knob 2. When the driver performs the selection operation, the selection shaft assembly 4 rotates, and the shift block thereon pushes the shift knob 2 to slide axially under the constraint of the lateral moving groove, so as to realize the selection positioning of the gear. Then, when the gear shifting operation is performed, the shift shaft assembly 3 drives the shift knob 2 to rotate as a whole by spline, so that the sector groove structure of the shift knob 2 drives the shift fork to complete the meshing or separation of the gear. In this process, the movement of the shift knob 2 is the result of the cooperation of the selection shaft and the shift shaft: the lateral position is determined by the shift block of the selection shaft, and the rotating action is realized by the torque transmission of the spline of the shift shaft. This mechanical linkage ensures the sequence and synchronization of the selection and gear shifting actions, and provides accurate mechanical position feedback for the subsequent main and auxiliary box gas path interlocking mechanism (such as the cooperation of the valve lock pin 5 and the sector groove), so as to ensure that the interlocking function is triggered in the correct gear state

[0063] The axial displacement stroke of the valve lock pin 5 is equal to the sector groove depth, and the end of the displacement lock pin forms a surface contact self-locking with the piston rod bevel. When the main box is engaged, the shift knob 2 rotates to the engaged position, and the arc limiting surface of the sector groove pushes the valve lock pin 5 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 6 and press into the axial direction completely, and the displacement amount is exactly equal to the depth of the sector groove. At this time, the end of the lock pin is in contact with the chamfered surface of the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7 and slides along the chamfered surface. As it is further pressed in, the contact area gradually expands from point or line contact to stable surface contact, forming a mechanical self-locking state. This self-locking state makes the piston rod unable to move axially, thereby closing the internal gas path of the follow-up valve 7, preventing compressed air from entering the auxiliary box gas cylinder assembly through the high and low gear air pipe 8, and realizing the physical disablement of the auxiliary box gear shifting function. Only when the main box is returned to the neutral position, the shift knob 2 is turned to the transparent part, the return spring 6 pushes the valve lock pin 5 to completely exit, and after the surface contact constraint is removed, the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7 can move freely, the auxiliary box gas path is restored, and the auxiliary box is allowed to switch between high and low gears.

[0064] The shift knob 2 is sleeved on the shift shaft assembly 3 by spline, and the shift block of the selection shaft assembly 4 is embedded in the lateral moving groove of the shift knob 2. When the driver performs the selection operation, the selection shaft assembly 4 rotates, and the shift block thereon pushes the shift knob 2 to slide axially under the constraint of the lateral moving groove, so as to realize the selection positioning of the gear. Then, when the gear shifting operation is performed, the shift shaft assembly 3 drives the shift knob 2 to rotate as a whole by spline, so that the sector groove structure of the shift knob 2 drives the shift fork to complete the meshing or separation of the gear. In this process, the movement of the shift knob 2 is the result of the cooperation of the selection shaft and the shift shaft: the lateral position is determined by the shift block of the selection shaft, and the rotating action is realized by the torque transmission of the spline of the shift shaft. This mechanical linkage ensures the sequence and synchronization of the selection and gear shifting actions, and provides accurate mechanical position feedback for the subsequent main and auxiliary box gas path interlocking mechanism (such as the cooperation of the valve lock pin 5 and the sector groove), so as to ensure that the interlocking function is triggered in the correct gear state

[0065] When the driver completes the selection and starts the shift operation, the shift shaft assembly 3 rotates around its own axis under the action of external force, and its outer spline is in close engagement with the inner spline of the shift knob 2, forming a rigid connection. With the rotation of the shift shaft, the spline transmits torque to the shift knob 2, driving it to rotate synchronously. The rotary motion of the shift knob 2 pushes the shift fork assembly inside the transmission through its external structure, causing the sliding sleeve or coupling sleeve of the target gear to move axially and engage with the corresponding gear, completing the gear engagement.

[0066] The air path interlock controls the air path opening and closing only through mechanical linkage. When the main tank is in neutral, the fan-shaped groove of the shift knob 2 is aligned with the air valve lock pin 5, and under the action of the return spring 6, the lock pin is separated from the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7, and the air path remains open, allowing the driver to normally switch the high and low gears of the auxiliary tank through the air control system. Once the main tank is engaged in any gear, the shift knob 2 rotates to the arc-shaped limiting surface and presses against the air valve lock pin 5, pushing it to move axially against the spring force until the end of the lock pin tightly contacts the chamfered surface of the piston rod of the follow-up valve 7, forming a face contact self-locking and physically closing the air valve channel, cutting off the air pressure path to the auxiliary tank cylinder. At this time, even if the auxiliary tank shift button is operated, compressed air cannot enter the cylinder, and the piston cannot move, and the auxiliary tank shift is forcibly prohibited.

[0067] The top cover housing 1 is an integral structure. During manufacturing, the top cover housing 1 is formed in one piece through precision casting or machining process, ensuring that the key structures such as internal mounting holes, guide grooves, air path channels, etc. are highly accurate in space position and mutually coordinated. This structure allows the shift shaft assembly 3, the selection shaft assembly 4, the air valve lock pin 5, and the follow-up valve 7 to be accurately installed and maintain strict geometric relationships, ensuring the cooperation accuracy between the fan-shaped groove of the shift knob 2 and the air valve lock pin 5, as well as the smoothness of the linkage between the shift block and the transverse moving groove.

[0068] The above description of the present application and its embodiments is illustrative and not limiting, and the embodiments shown in the drawings are only one of the embodiments of the present application, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the present application, similar structural forms and embodiments can be designed without creativity, which should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shift and main and auxiliary gearbox gas circuit interlocking integrated top cover, characterized in that, The application relates to a gear shifting device, which comprises a top cover shell, a gear shifting knob, a gear shifting shaft assembly, a gear selecting shaft assembly, a follow-up valve and a sub-gearbox cylinder assembly, the gear shifting knob is provided with a fan-shaped groove structure, the fan-shaped groove comprises a through hole and an arc-shaped limiting surface, a gas valve lock pin penetrates through the top cover shell and abuts against the fan-shaped groove of the gear shifting knob, the gas valve lock pin is connected with a return spring, the end of the gas valve lock pin is oppositely arranged with a chamfered inclined surface of a piston rod of the follow-up valve, when the main gearbox is in the gear engaging state, the arc-shaped limiting surface of the gear shifting knob pushes the gas valve lock pin to axially displace, the end of the lock pin abuts against the inclined surface of the piston rod to lock the follow-up valve, when the main gearbox is in the gear disengaging state, the return spring pushes the gas valve lock pin to reset to the through hole of the fan-shaped groove, and the lock pin is separated from the piston rod.

2. The shift and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlock integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The follow-up valve is connected with the sub-gearbox cylinder assembly through high-low gear pipes, and a cylinder piston drives a sub-gearbox fork shaft shift fork assembly.

3. The shift range selecting and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlocking integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear shifting knob is sleeved with the gear shifting shaft assembly through a spline, and a shift block of the gear selecting shaft assembly is embedded into a transverse moving groove of the gear shifting knob.

4. The shift range selecting and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlocking integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial displacement stroke of the gas valve lock pin is equal to the depth of the fan-shaped groove, and the end of the lock pin is in surface contact with the inclined surface of the piston rod after displacement to be self-locked.

5. The shift range selecting and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlocking integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the gear selecting shaft assembly rotates, the shift block drives the gear shifting knob to move leftward and rightward to realize 1 / 2 gear, 3 / 4 gear and R gear selection.

6. The shift range selecting and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlocking integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the gear shifting shaft assembly rotates, the gear shifting knob is driven to rotate circumferentially to realize gear engagement.

7. The shift range selecting and main / auxiliary gearbox gas path interlocking integrated top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas circuit interlocking is only controlled by mechanical linkage to realize gas circuit on-off.

8. The shift range selecting and master and auxiliary gearbox air path interlocking integrated top cover according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The top cover shell is an integral molding structure.

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