A hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radially stratified micro-mixing burner, comprising a lower cavity and an upper cavity, coaxially fixed and separated by a central partition. The lower cavity consists of an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder, coaxially arranged from the inside out, forming an inner fuel chamber, a middle air chamber, and an outer air chamber. An upper fuel chamber is formed inside the upper cavity. An axially guided air assembly is disposed throughout the upper and lower cavity sections, and a rectifier assembly is also included. This invention achieves micro-mixing of fuels with different concentrations in the inner and outer nozzles by controlling the flow rates of ammonia fuel entering the inner fuel chamber and air entering the middle air chamber, as well as the flow rates of air entering the outer air chamber and hydrogen fuel entering the upper fuel chamber. This results in concentration stratification in the radial direction of the burner nozzles, forming a jet state where an outer layer of hydrogen-rich or pure hydrogen gas surrounds an inner layer of ammonia-lean gas, thereby enhancing stable combustion of the hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel system and achieving ultra-low emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a micro-hybrid burner, specifically a hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-hybrid burner, belonging to the field of clean and low-carbon combustion technology. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen and ammonia, as typical representatives of zero-carbon clean energy substances, represent a major research direction in energy development. However, hydrogen combustion, transportation, and storage technologies are demanding, resulting in high application costs. Furthermore, its high laminar flame velocity and risk of backfire limit its large-scale industrial application. Ammonia, on the other hand, possesses inherent toxicity and corrosiveness, placing even higher demands on combustion equipment. Moreover, ammonia combustion introduces more nitrogen into the fuel, increasing the likelihood of nitrogen oxide (NOx) formation. The challenge lies in achieving efficient fuel utilization while minimizing NOx formation. x Emissions are an urgent problem that needs to be addressed.

[0003] The combustor of a gas turbine is the core component that generates high-temperature, high-pressure gas to drive the turbine and perform work. It is a crucial link in converting the chemical energy of fuel into the thermal energy of gas, and its performance directly affects the unit's efficiency, emissions, stability, and lifespan. Currently, traditional gas turbine combustors generally suffer from poor fuel adaptability and a narrow combustion stability range. The challenge lies in achieving stable combustion over a wide range in gas turbine combustors under multi-fuel application scenarios, while minimizing NOx emissions. x Emissions are a pressing issue that the gas turbine industry needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor. This combustor achieves rapid premixing of fuel and air through high-speed cross-flow and radial stratification of the outlet mixture concentration. It is suitable for clean, stable, and efficient combustion of hydrogen-ammonia mixed fuels, and can solve the problems of poor fuel adaptability in the combustion chamber of traditional gas turbines, the risk of backfire with pure hydrogen fuel, and NO2 in the prior art. x The problem of high emissions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer generally comprises a lower cavity and an upper cavity, coaxially fixedly arranged from bottom to top. The lower cavity includes a sealed chassis, and the upper cavity includes a sealed top plate. The lower cavity and upper cavity are sealed and separated by a partition plate. The lower cavity consists of an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder, coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The bottom ends of the inner cylinder, middle cylinder, and outer cylinder are all sealed and fixedly connected to the chassis. The inner cylinder and middle cylinder each include a sealed and fixedly connected inner cylinder top plate and middle cylinder top plate, respectively, with the inner cylinder top plate and middle cylinder top plate spaced apart. The plates and middle partitions are spaced apart. The inner cavity of the inner cylinder forms an inner-stage fuel chamber, and the chassis is provided with an inner-stage fuel intake channel communicating with the inner-stage fuel chamber. The outer surface of the inner cylinder and the inner surface of the middle cylinder form an intermediate-stage air chamber, and the chassis is provided with an axial intermediate-stage air intake channel communicating with the intermediate-stage air chamber at a position corresponding to the intermediate-stage air chamber. The inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the middle cylinder form an outer-stage air chamber, and the outer wall of the outer cylinder is provided with an outer-stage air intake channel communicating with the outer-stage air chamber. The upper cavity forms an upper-stage fuel chamber inside, and the outer wall of the upper cavity is provided with an upper-stage fuel intake channel communicating with the upper-stage fuel chamber.

[0006] An axial air guide assembly is installed throughout the upper and lower chambers, including an inner-stage air guide pipe, a middle-stage air guide pipe, and a radial flow component arranged coaxially. The inner-stage air guide pipe, arranged axially along the inner cylinder, is sealed and fixedly mounted on the top plate of the inner cylinder. The inner cavity of the inner-stage air guide pipe forms an inner-stage air guide channel, which communicates with the inner-stage fuel chamber. The top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe extends upwards, passing through the top plate and the middle partition plate to the interior of the upper-stage fuel chamber, and the top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe is sealed. The section of the inner-stage air guide pipe located at the top of the upper-stage fuel chamber has an inner-stage radial air guide hole that penetrates the pipe wall in a radial direction. The inner diameter of the middle-stage air guide pipe is larger than the outer diameter of the inner-stage air guide pipe, and the middle-stage air guide pipe is sleeved on the inner-stage air guide pipe. The middle-stage air guide pipe is sealed and fixedly mounted on the inner cylinder. On the top plate of the cylinder, the inner cavity of the intermediate air guide tube forms an intermediate air guide channel, which is connected to the intermediate air chamber. The top end of the intermediate air guide tube extends upward through the middle partition to the upper fuel chamber, and the top surface of the intermediate air guide tube is flush with the top surface of the top plate. The inner cavity of the intermediate air guide tube above the inner air guide tube forms an inner mixing chamber. The inner diameter of the tubular radial flow component is larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate air guide tube, and the radial flow component is sleeved on the intermediate air guide tube. The radial flow component is sealed and fixed between the top plate and the middle partition. The inner surface of the radial flow component and the outer surface of the intermediate air guide tube form an outer mixing chamber, and the top and bottom ends of the outer mixing chamber penetrate the top plate and the middle partition, respectively. The radial flow component is provided with a radial channel that penetrates the wall of the radial flow component in the radial direction.

[0007] The rectifier assembly includes an inner-stage rectifier, an intermediate-stage rectifier, an outer-stage rectifier, and an upper-stage rectifier, all coaxially arranged. The inner-stage rectifier is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The intermediate-stage rectifier is installed between the top plate of the inner cylinder and the top plate of the middle cylinder. The outer-stage rectifier is installed between the top plate of the middle cylinder and the middle partition plate. The upper-stage rectifier is installed between the middle partition plate and the top plate, with its top and bottom ends respectively sealed to the top plate and the middle partition plate. The upper-stage rectifier has a cylindrical structure that surrounds the radial flow guide component, and it is densely covered with multiple radial holes that are arranged along the radial direction of the upper-stage rectifier and penetrate through it.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner stage rectifier component includes an upper rectifier plate and a lower rectifier sleeve that are coaxially and sealed and fixed. The lower rectifier sleeve is densely provided with a plurality of radial holes of the inner stage rectifier component that are arranged in the radial direction of the lower rectifier sleeve and penetrate the lower rectifier sleeve. The upper rectifier plate is spaced apart from the top plate of the inner cylinder. The outer diameter of the upper rectifier plate matches the inner diameter of the inner cylinder. The upper rectifier plate is densely provided with a plurality of axial holes of the inner stage rectifier component that are arranged in the axial direction of the upper rectifier plate and penetrate the upper rectifier plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the intermediate rectifier component and the outer rectifier component include an upper rectifier sleeve and a lower rectifier ring coaxially and sealed, with the inner diameter of the lower rectifier ring matching the outer diameter of the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component matches the inner diameter of the middle cylinder. The lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component is densely provided with multiple axial holes of the intermediate rectifier component arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrating the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the intermediate rectifier component is sealed and connected to the top plate of the middle cylinder. The upper rectifier sleeve is densely covered with multiple radial holes of the intermediate rectifier component that are arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrate through the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier component matches the inner diameter of the outer cylinder. The lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier component is densely covered with multiple axial holes of the outer rectifier component that are arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrate through the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier component is sealed and connected to the middle partition plate. The upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier component is densely covered with multiple radial holes of the outer rectifier component that are arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrate through the upper rectifier sleeve.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height position of the radial channel is matched with the height position of the inner stage radial air guide hole, and the position of the radial channel is set to correspond to the position of the inner stage radial air guide hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, multiple upper-stage fuel intake channels are evenly distributed around the upper-stage fuel chamber; multiple outer-stage air intake channels are evenly distributed around the outer-stage air chamber; multiple axial intermediate-stage air intake channels are symmetrically distributed with respect to the chassis center; multiple inner-stage radial air guide holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner-stage air guide pipe; and multiple radial channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the radial flow guide component.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the axial air guide assembly is symmetrically arranged in multiple groups with respect to the axis centerline of the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner stage fuel intake passage is located at the centerline of the chassis.

[0014] In another embodiment of the present invention, multiple inner-stage fuel intake passages are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the chassis.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor, with its two-stage fuel chamber and two-stage air chamber coaxially separated, has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. In terms of improving fuel adaptability, it can integrate the combustion speed characteristics of ammonia fuel with a slower combustion speed and hydrogen fuel with a faster combustion speed. In addition, the radial channel, inner radial air guide hole, inner hole and outer hole diameter are small, which can increase the airflow speed and has good hydrogen backfire prevention performance.

[0017] 2. In terms of improving combustion stability, the multiple coaxial inner and outer stage holes form a ring-shaped multi-layer array structure relative to the upper combustion chamber. The proportion and equivalence ratio of hydrogen and ammonia fuel components in the mixed gas jetted from the inner and outer stage holes can be set according to different working conditions, thereby changing the combustion speed of the inner and outer stage flames and achieving the purpose of enhancing combustion stability and improving temperature uniformity.

[0018] 3. Regarding the reduction of pollutant emissions, the supply of fuel and air at separate flow rates can be controlled to create a radially stratified hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel jet gas at the jet outlet, where a hydrogen-rich or pure hydrogen jet surrounds a lean ammonia jet. Because the lean ammonia mixture contains more air, the combustion temperature of the lean ammonia premixed gas can be lowered. The hydrogen-rich premixed gas, due to its lower oxygen concentration, has relatively weaker combustion intensity, ultimately achieving NO reduction. x The goal is to achieve ultra-low emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the document;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner stage fuel chamber of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the intermediate air cavity in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer air cavity of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the upper fuel chamber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the radial drainage component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is an overall top view of the invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the chassis of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the internal rectifier component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the intermediate rectifier component of this invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the external rectifier component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the upper-level rectifier component of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1-Axial air guide assembly, 2-Rectifier assembly, 3-Air chamber, 4-Fuel chamber, 5-Air intake passage, 6-Fuel intake passage, 7-Inner stage hole, 8-Outer stage hole;

[0033] 100-Chassis, 101-Inner stage fuel intake passage, 102-Inner stage rectifier fixing groove, 103-Inner stage rectifier fixing threaded hole, 104-Inner stage boss groove, 105-Inner stage groove threaded hole, 106-Intermediate stage boss groove, 107-Intermediate stage groove threaded hole, 108-Outer stage groove threaded hole, 109-Outer stage boss groove, 110-Axial intermediate stage air intake passage;

[0034] 200-Inner stage fuel chamber, 201-Inner stage boss, 202-Inner stage air guide pipe, 203-Inner stage air guide channel, 204-Inner stage radial air guide hole, 205-Inner stage threaded hole;

[0035] 300 - Intermediate air cavity, 301 - Intermediate boss, 302 - Intermediate air guide tube, 303 - Intermediate air guide channel, 304 - Intermediate threaded hole;

[0036] 400 - outer stage air cavity, 401 - outer stage air inlet channel, 402 - upper stage rectifier fixing groove, 403 - radial flow guide component groove, 404 - outer stage air outlet channel, 405 - outer stage boss, 406 - outer stage threaded hole;

[0037] 500 - Upper fuel chamber, 501 - Upper fuel intake passage, 502 - Combustion chamber recess, 504 - Upper boss, 507 - Outer mixing outlet passage, 508 - Upper threaded hole;

[0038] 600 - Inner stage rectifier component, 601 - Axial hole of inner stage rectifier component, 602 - Radial hole of inner stage rectifier component, 603 - Boss of inner stage rectifier component, 604 - Fixing threaded hole of inner stage rectifier component;

[0039] 700 - Intermediate rectifier component, 701 - Axial hole of intermediate rectifier component, 702 - Radial hole of intermediate rectifier component;

[0040] 800 - External stage rectifier component, 801 - Axial hole of external stage rectifier component, 802 - Radial hole of external stage rectifier component;

[0041] 900 - Upper-stage rectifier component; 901 - Radial hole of upper-stage rectifier component;

[0042] 1000 - Radial drainage component, 1001 - Axial channel, 1002 - Radial channel, 1003 - Inner hole of radial channel. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, this hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-hybrid burner includes an axial air guide assembly 1, a rectifier assembly 2, an air chamber 3, a fuel chamber 4, an air intake channel 5, and a fuel intake channel 6.

[0045] This hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-hybrid burner comprises a lower cavity and an upper cavity, coaxially fixed from bottom to top. The lower cavity includes a sealed base 100, and the upper cavity includes a sealed top plate. A combustion chamber recess 502 for mounting other accessories can be provided on the top surface of the top plate. The lower and upper cavity are sealed and separated by a partition plate. Figure 6 , Figure 9As shown, an upper boss 504 can be provided at the lower outer edge of the upper cavity, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the middle partition through the upper threaded hole 508 on the upper boss 504; the lower cavity is coaxially provided with an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder from the inside to the outside, and the bottom ends of the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder are all sealed and fixedly connected to the chassis 100, such as Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 9 As shown, an inner-stage boss 201 can be provided at the bottom outer edge of the inner cylinder, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner-stage boss groove 104 and the inner-stage groove threaded hole 105 of the chassis 100 through the inner-stage threaded hole 205 on the inner-stage boss 201. An intermediate-stage boss 301 can be provided at the bottom outer edge of the middle cylinder, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the intermediate-stage boss groove 106 and the intermediate-stage groove threaded hole 107 of the chassis 100 through the intermediate-stage threaded hole 304 on the intermediate-stage boss 301. An outer-stage boss 405 can be provided at the bottom outer edge of the outer cylinder, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the outer-stage boss groove 109 and the outer-stage groove threaded hole 108 of the chassis 100 through the outer-stage threaded hole 406 on the outer-stage boss 405. The inner cylinder and the middle cylinder respectively include a sealed and fixedly connected inner cylinder top plate and a middle cylinder top plate, with the inner cylinder top plate and the middle cylinder top plate spaced apart, and the middle cylinder top plate and the middle partition plate spaced apart. The inner cavity of the inner cylinder... An inner-stage fuel chamber 200 is formed, and an inner-stage fuel intake channel 101 communicating with the inner-stage fuel chamber 200 is provided on the chassis 100. The inner-stage fuel intake channel 101 can be located at the axis of the chassis 100, or multiple channels can be symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the chassis 100. An intermediate-stage air chamber 300 is formed between the outer surface of the inner cylinder and the inner surface of the middle cylinder, and an axial intermediate-stage air intake channel 110 communicating with the intermediate-stage air chamber 300 is provided on the chassis 100 at a position corresponding to the intermediate-stage air chamber 300. An outer-stage air chamber 400 is formed between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the middle cylinder, and an outer-stage air intake channel 401 communicating with the outer-stage air chamber 400 is provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder. An upper-stage fuel chamber 500 is formed inside the upper cavity, and an upper-stage fuel intake channel 501 communicating with the upper-stage fuel chamber 500 is provided on the outer wall of the upper cavity.

[0046] An axial air guide assembly 1 is disposed throughout the upper and lower chamber portions, including an inner-stage air guide tube 202, a middle-stage air guide tube 302, and a radial drainage component 1000, all coaxially arranged; such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, an inner-stage air guide pipe 202, arranged axially along the inner cylinder, is sealed and fixedly mounted on the top plate of the inner cylinder. The inner cavity of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202 forms an inner-stage air guide channel 203, which communicates with the inner-stage fuel chamber 200. The top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202 extends upwards through the top plate and the middle partition plate to the interior of the upper-stage fuel chamber 500, and the top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202 is sealed. The section of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202 located within the upper-stage fuel chamber 500 has radially penetrating holes 204 that run radially through the wall of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202. Multiple radially penetrating holes 204 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner-stage air guide pipe 202. Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the inner diameter of the intermediate air guide pipe 302 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner air guide pipe 202, and the intermediate air guide pipe 302 is coaxially sleeved on the inner air guide pipe 202. The intermediate air guide pipe 302 is sealed and fixedly installed on the top plate of the intermediate cylinder. The inner cavity of the intermediate air guide pipe 302 forms an intermediate air guide channel 303, and the intermediate air guide channel 303 communicates with the intermediate air cavity 300. The top end of the intermediate air guide pipe 302 extends upward through the middle partition to the upper fuel cavity 500, and the top surface of the intermediate air guide pipe 302 is flush with the top surface of the top plate. The inner cavity of the intermediate air guide tube 302 above the primary air guide tube 202 forms an inner-stage mixing chamber; the inner diameter of the tubular radial drainage component 1000 is larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate air guide tube 302, and the radial drainage component 1000 is coaxially sleeved on the intermediate air guide tube 302. The radial drainage component 1000 is sealed and fixed between the top plate and the middle partition plate. The inner surface of the radial drainage component 1000 and the outer surface of the intermediate air guide tube 302 form an outer-stage mixing chamber, and the top and bottom ends of the outer-stage mixing chamber penetrate the top plate and the middle partition plate, respectively. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, radial drainage component mounting grooves 403 for mounting radial drainage components 1000 can be provided on the bottom plane of the top plate and the top plane of the middle partition. An outer-stage mixing outlet 507 with the same inner diameter as the radial drainage component 1000 can be provided in the radial drainage component mounting groove 403 on the bottom plane of the top plate. An outer-stage air outlet 404 with the same inner diameter as the radial drainage component 1000 can be provided in the radial drainage component mounting groove 403 on the top plane of the middle partition. The outer-stage mixing outlet 507, the outer-stage air outlet 404, the inner surface of the radial drainage component 1000, and the outer surface of the middle-stage air guide tube 302 together form an outer-stage mixing chamber. Figure 2 , Figure 7As shown, the radial guide component 1000 has a radial channel 1002 that penetrates the wall of the radial guide component 1000 in the radial direction at the position corresponding to the inner stage air guide tube 202. Multiple radial channels 1002 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the radial guide component 1000. The inner cavity of the radial guide component 1000 forms an axial channel 1001. The radial channels 1002 intersect with the axial channels 1001 to form a radial channel inner hole 1003. The top opening of the intermediate stage air guide tube 302 forms an inner stage hole 7. The top opening of the outer stage mixing chamber and the top outer wall of the intermediate stage air guide tube 302 form an outer stage hole 8. The axial air guide assembly 1 can be symmetrically arranged in multiple groups relative to the centerline of the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the rectifier assembly 2 includes an inner-stage rectifier 600, an intermediate-stage rectifier 700, an outer-stage rectifier 800, and an upper-stage rectifier 900, all coaxially arranged; as... Figure 1 , Figure 10 As shown, the inner-stage rectifier component 600 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder, including an upper rectifier plate and a lower rectifier sleeve coaxially and sealed. The bottom end of the lower rectifier sleeve can be fixedly connected to the inner-stage rectifier fixing groove 102 and the inner-stage rectifier fixing threaded hole 103 of the chassis 100 through the inner-stage rectifier component boss 603 and the inner-stage rectifier component fixing threaded hole 604. The lower rectifier sleeve is densely provided with a plurality of inner-stage rectifier component radial holes 602 arranged along the radial direction of the lower rectifier sleeve and penetrating the lower rectifier sleeve. The upper rectifier plate is spaced apart from the top plate of the inner cylinder. The outer diameter of the upper rectifier plate matches the inner diameter of the inner cylinder, and the surface of the upper rectifier plate is densely provided with a plurality of inner-stage rectifier component axial holes 601 arranged along the axial direction of the upper rectifier plate and penetrating the upper rectifier plate; Figure 1 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the intermediate rectifier component 700 is disposed between the top plate of the inner cylinder and the top plate of the middle cylinder, and the outer rectifier component 800 is disposed between the top plate of the middle cylinder and the middle partition plate. Both the intermediate rectifier component 700 and the outer rectifier component 800 include an upper rectifier sleeve and a lower rectifier ring coaxially and sealed, with the inner diameter of the lower rectifier ring matching the outer diameter of the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component 700 matches the inner diameter of the middle cylinder, and the lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component 700 is densely provided with multiple axial holes 701 of the intermediate rectifier component 700 arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrating the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the intermediate rectifier component 700 is connected to the top plate of the middle cylinder. The intermediate rectifier 700 has a sealed connection, and its upper rectifier sleeve is densely covered with multiple radial holes 702 arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrating the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier 800 matches the inner diameter of the outer cylinder, and the lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier 800 is densely covered with multiple axial holes 801 arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrating the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier 800 is sealed to the middle partition plate, and the upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier 800 is densely covered with multiple radial holes 802 arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrating the upper rectifier sleeve. Figure 1 , Figure 13 As shown, the upper-level rectifier 900 is disposed between the middle partition and the top plate, and the top and bottom ends of the upper-level rectifier 900 are respectively sealed and connected to the top plate and the middle partition. The upper-level rectifier 900 is a cylindrical structure that surrounds the radial flow guide 1000, and the upper-level rectifier 900 is densely provided with a plurality of upper-level rectifier radial holes 901 that are arranged along the radial direction of the upper-level rectifier 900 and penetrate the upper-level rectifier 900.

[0048] When this hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer is working, ammonia fuel is axially injected into the inner-stage fuel chamber 200 through the inner-stage fuel inlet channel 101. Under the rectification effect of the inner-stage rectifier 600, the ammonia fuel is uniformly introduced into multiple inner-stage guide pipes 202. The ammonia fuel flows upward through the inner-stage guide channel 203 into the inner-stage radial guide hole 204, and is jetted into the intermediate-stage guide channel 303 at a high speed through the inner-stage radial guide hole 204. At the same time, air enters the intermediate-stage air chamber 300 from multiple axial intermediate-stage air inlet channels 110. Under the rectification effect of the intermediate-stage rectifier 700, the air is uniformly introduced into multiple intermediate-stage guide pipes 302. The air entering the intermediate-stage guide channel 303 flows upward and mixes with the ammonia fuel ejected at high speed through the inner-stage radial guide hole 204. During the process of the premixed gas of ammonia fuel and air flowing towards the inner-stage hole 7, it mixes in the inner-stage mixing chamber. The mixture continues to mix, and finally, a uniform premixed gas of ammonia fuel and air flows out from the inner stage hole 7. In addition, air enters the outer stage air chamber 400 from multiple outer stage air inlet channels 401, and flows uniformly into the axial channel 1001 under the rectification action of the outer stage rectifier 800. At the same time, hydrogen fuel enters the upper stage fuel chamber 500 from multiple upper stage fuel inlet channels 501. Under the rectification action of the upper stage rectifier 900, the hydrogen fuel is uniformly injected into the axial channel 1001 through the radial channel 1002, and forms a cross jet with the axially flowing air, thereby forming a premixed gas of hydrogen fuel and air. As the premixed gas of hydrogen fuel and air continues to flow upward, it is further mixed in the outer stage mixing chamber, and finally flows out from the outer stage hole 8. Finally, a jet state in which the outer stage hydrogen-rich or pure hydrogen mixed gas surrounds the inner stage ammonia-lean mixed gas is formed at the inner stage hole 7 and the outer stage hole 8. To achieve better blending, the flow rates of the inner and outer stage mixed fuels can be increased, thereby increasing the fuel injection velocity of the inner radial guide hole 204 and the radial channel inner hole 1003, thus improving the fuel-air blending effect. This is also to better reduce NO. x The emission reduction can be achieved by controlling the input of hydrogen and ammonia fuels in different proportions, and by controlling the air flow rates of the intermediate air chamber 300 and the outer air chamber 400, thereby controlling the equivalence ratio of the mixed gas at the inner orifice 7 and the outer orifice 8, thus reducing NO emissions. x The purpose of emissions.

[0049] In order to reduce the impact of the jet impact of the inner stage fuel gas on the unbalanced stress distribution of the intermediate stage air guide tube 302, as a further improvement of the present invention, the height position of the inner stage radial air guide hole 204 is matched with the height position of the radial channel 1002, and the position of the radial channel 1002 is set to correspond to the position of the inner stage radial air guide hole 204.

[0050] To achieve a uniform supply of fuel and air, as a further improvement of the present invention, multiple upper-stage fuel intake channels 501 are evenly distributed around the upper-stage fuel chamber 500; multiple outer-stage air intake channels 401 are evenly distributed around the outer-stage air chamber 400; and multiple axial intermediate-stage air intake channels 110 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the chassis 100.

[0051] This hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor, through a separation and adjustment mechanism between the spaced fuel chamber 4 and air chamber 3, can achieve clean, stable, and efficient combustion of various gaseous fuels, including ammonia and hydrogen. This addresses the shortcomings of existing gas turbine technologies, such as poor fuel adaptability in the combustion chamber, narrow stable combustion range, and NO2 emissions. x The problem of high emissions.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor, characterized in that, The whole assembly includes a lower cavity and an upper cavity, which are coaxially fixedly arranged from bottom to top. The lower cavity includes a sealed chassis (100), and the upper cavity includes a sealed top plate. The lower cavity and the upper cavity are sealed and separated by a middle partition. The lower cavity is coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside as an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder. The bottom ends of the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder, and the outer cylinder are all sealed and fixedly connected to the chassis (100). The inner cylinder and the middle cylinder respectively include a sealed and fixedly connected inner cylinder top plate and a middle cylinder top plate. The inner cylinder top plate and the middle cylinder top plate are spaced apart, and the middle cylinder top plate and the middle partition are spaced apart. The inner cavity of the inner cylinder forms an inner-stage fuel chamber (200), and the chassis (100) is provided with a connection to the inner-stage fuel chamber. The material chamber (200) is connected to the inner fuel intake channel (101). An intermediate air chamber (300) is formed between the outer surface of the inner cylinder and the inner surface of the middle cylinder. An axial intermediate air intake channel (110) is provided on the chassis (100) at the position corresponding to the intermediate air chamber (300) and is connected to the intermediate air chamber (300). An outer air chamber (400) is formed between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the middle cylinder. An outer air intake channel (401) is provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder and is connected to the outer air chamber (400). An upper fuel chamber (500) is formed inside the upper cavity. An upper fuel intake channel (501) is provided on the outer wall of the upper cavity and is connected to the upper fuel chamber (500). An axial air guide assembly (1) is installed through the upper and lower chambers, including an inner-stage air guide pipe (202), a middle-stage air guide pipe (302), and a radial flow guide component (1000) arranged coaxially. The inner-stage air guide pipe (202) is fixedly installed on the top plate of the inner cylinder along the axial direction of the inner cylinder. The inner cavity of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202) forms an inner-stage air guide channel (203), and the inner-stage air guide channel (203) is connected to the inner-stage fuel chamber (200). The top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202) extends upward through the middle cylinder. The top plate and the middle partition plate extend into the upper fuel chamber (500), and the top end of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202) is sealed. The top section of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202) located inside the upper fuel chamber (500) is provided with an inner-stage radial air guide hole (204) that penetrates the pipe wall of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202) in a radial direction. The inner diameter of the intermediate-stage air guide pipe (302) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202), and the intermediate-stage air guide pipe (302) is sleeved on the inner-stage air guide pipe (202). The intermediate-stage air guide pipe (302) is sealed and fixedly installed. On the top plate of the middle cylinder, the inner cavity of the intermediate air guide pipe (302) forms an intermediate air guide channel (303), and the intermediate air guide channel (303) is connected to the intermediate air chamber (300). The top end of the intermediate air guide pipe (302) extends upward through the middle partition to the upper fuel chamber (500), and the top surface of the intermediate air guide pipe (302) is flush with the top surface of the top plate. The inner cavity of the intermediate air guide pipe (302) above the inner air guide pipe (202) forms an inner mixing chamber. The inner diameter of the radial flow component (1000) of the tubular structure is larger than that of the intermediate air guide pipe. The outer diameter of the tube (302) and the radial flow component (1000) are sleeved on the intermediate air guide tube (302). The radial flow component (1000) is sealed and fixed between the top plate and the middle partition plate. The inner surface of the radial flow component (1000) and the outer surface of the intermediate air guide tube (302) form an outer mixing chamber. The top and bottom ends of the outer mixing chamber pass through the top plate and the middle partition plate respectively. The radial flow component (1000) is provided with a radial channel (1002) that passes through the tube wall of the radial flow component (1000) in the radial direction. The rectifier assembly (2) includes an inner rectifier (600), an intermediate rectifier (700), an outer rectifier (800), and an upper rectifier (900) arranged coaxially. The inner rectifier (600) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, the intermediate rectifier (700) is arranged between the top plate of the inner cylinder and the top plate of the middle cylinder, the outer rectifier (800) is arranged between the top plate of the middle cylinder and the middle partition plate, and the upper rectifier (900) is arranged between the middle partition plate and the top plate. The top and bottom ends of the upper rectifier (900) are respectively sealed and connected to the top plate and the middle partition plate. The upper rectifier (900) has a cylindrical structure that surrounds the radial flow guide (1000). The upper rectifier (900) is densely provided with multiple upper rectifier radial holes (901) arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier (900) and penetrating the upper rectifier (900).

2. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-hybrid burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner stage rectifier component (600) includes an upper rectifier plate and a lower rectifier sleeve that are coaxially and sealed. The lower rectifier sleeve is densely provided with a plurality of radial holes (602) of the inner stage rectifier component that are arranged in the radial direction of the lower rectifier sleeve and penetrate the lower rectifier sleeve. The upper rectifier plate is spaced apart from the top plate of the inner cylinder. The outer diameter of the upper rectifier plate matches the inner diameter of the inner cylinder. The upper rectifier plate is densely provided with a plurality of axial holes (601) of the inner stage rectifier component that are arranged in the axial direction of the upper rectifier plate and penetrate the upper rectifier plate.

3. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer combustor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the intermediate rectifier component (700) and the outer rectifier component (800) include an upper rectifier sleeve and a lower rectifier ring coaxially and sealed. The inner diameter of the lower rectifier ring matches the outer diameter of the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component (700) matches the inner diameter of the middle cylinder. The lower rectifier ring of the intermediate rectifier component (700) is densely provided with multiple axial holes (701) of the intermediate rectifier component that are arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrate the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the intermediate rectifier component (700) is sealed and connected to the top plate of the middle cylinder. The upper rectifier sleeve of the intermediate rectifier component (700) is densely provided with multiple axial holes (701) of the intermediate rectifier component (700). A radial hole (702) of the intermediate rectifier component is arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrates the upper rectifier sleeve. The outer diameter of the lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier component (800) matches the inner diameter of the outer cylinder. The lower rectifier ring of the outer rectifier component (800) is densely provided with multiple axial holes (801) of the outer rectifier component arranged along the axial direction of the lower rectifier ring and penetrates the lower rectifier ring. The top end of the upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier component (800) is sealed and connected to the middle partition plate. The upper rectifier sleeve of the outer rectifier component (800) is densely provided with multiple radial holes (802) of the outer rectifier component arranged along the radial direction of the upper rectifier sleeve and penetrates the upper rectifier sleeve.

4. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer burner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The height position of the radial channel (1002) matches the height position of the inner stage radial air guide hole (204), and the position of the radial channel (1002) corresponds to the position of the inner stage radial air guide hole (204).

5. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer burner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, Multiple upper-stage fuel intake passages (501) are evenly distributed around the upper-stage fuel chamber (500); multiple outer-stage air intake passages (401) are evenly distributed around the outer-stage air chamber (400); multiple axial intermediate-stage air intake passages (110) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the chassis (100); multiple inner-stage radial air guide holes (204) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner-stage air guide pipe (202); and multiple radial channels (1002) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the radial flow guide component (1000).

6. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer burner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The axial air guide assembly (1) is set in multiple groups with respect to the center of the axis of the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

7. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-mixer burner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The inner fuel intake passage (101) is located at the centerline of the chassis (100).

8. The hydrogen-ammonia dual-fuel radial stratified micro-hybrid burner according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The inner fuel intake passage (101) is arranged symmetrically with respect to the chassis (100) in multiple configurations.

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