Multi-heat-source self-adaptive adjustment coal mine shaft heat supply system and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, in particular to a multi-heat-source self-adaptive adjustment coal mine shaft heat supply system and a control method. The return air waste heat recovery assembly communicates with a mine water conveying assembly used for conveying hot water of a mine and a fresh air heating assembly used for heating outside fresh air, and the mine water conveying assembly and the fresh air heating assembly jointly communicate with an air heating unit. The air outlet end of the air heating unit is communicated with an air inlet heapstead through a shaft air supply duct; the return air waste heat recovery assembly comprises a gravity type heat pipe, and a heat release section of the gravity type heat pipe is communicated with the air heating unit through an air inlet induced pipe. The heat absorption section of the gravity type heat pipe is communicated with a dividing wall type heat collector through a second-stage heat collection air return induced duct, and the dividing wall type heat collector is communicated with a mine water conveying assembly; and the fresh air heating assembly is communicated with the air inlet induced pipe through an air compressor air exhaust pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology, and in particular to a multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of phasing out coal-fired boilers, coal mine heating faces a severe challenge of heat source shortage. Shaft heating typically accounts for more than 40% of the total heating load and is directly related to underground ventilation safety. The "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" stipulate that the mixed air intake temperature in shafts must not be lower than 2°C. In recent years, gravity heat pipe technology has become the preferred solution for shaft heating due to its advantages such as low energy consumption, stable operation, simple maintenance, and long service life. However, in cold regions, the waste heat resources of mine return air are limited, while the demand for shaft antifreeze loads is increasing dramatically. Relying solely on gravity heat pipes cannot meet the heating requirements, resulting in a significant heat load gap. At the same time, shaft air supply has relatively relaxed requirements for temperature quality but is easily affected by fluctuations in outdoor ambient temperature. Traditional gravity heat pipe systems lack effective temperature control strategies, making it difficult to achieve precise regulation and energy-saving operation.

[0003] This invention addresses the challenges of limited waste heat resources in mine return air and the lack of dynamic adjustment in gravity-type heat pipe systems by proposing a multi-heat-source adaptive adjustment coal mine shaft heating system and its control method. By integrating multiple localized heat sources, including waste heat from return air, mine hydrothermal energy, and auxiliary electric heating, and combining real-time temperature monitoring with a closed-loop control algorithm, this invention can intelligently allocate heat sources and dynamically adjust heating parameters according to changes in operating conditions. This ensures that the mixed air intake temperature in the shaft remains stable at no less than 2°C, achieving efficient, green, and reliable anti-freezing and insulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-heat-source adaptive adjustment coal mine shaft heating system and control method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system, comprising a return air waste heat recovery component for recovering waste heat from the mine's hot air; the return air waste heat recovery component is respectively connected to a mine water conveying component for conveying hot water from the mine and a fresh air heating component for heating fresh air from the outside; the mine water conveying component and the fresh air heating component are jointly connected to an air heating unit; the air outlet of the air heating unit is connected to an air inlet room through a shaft air supply duct; the return air waste heat recovery component includes a gravity heat pipe; the heat release section of the gravity heat pipe is connected to the air heating unit through an air inlet duct; the heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe is connected to a partitioned heat exchanger through a two-stage heat extraction return air duct; the partitioned heat exchanger is connected to the mine water conveying component; the fresh air heating component is connected to the air inlet duct through an air compressor exhaust duct.

[0006] Preferably, the heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe is also connected to a mine ventilation fan via a primary heat extraction and return air duct.

[0007] Preferably, the mine water delivery assembly includes a mine water storage tank, which is connected to a plate heat exchanger via a mine water heat extraction and supply pipe. The plate heat exchanger is connected to a heat pump via a first mine water heat extraction and return pipe, and the heat pump is connected to the air heating unit via a heat supply pipe and a heat return pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the heat pump is connected to the indirect heat exchanger via a primary heat exchange and liquid supply pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the partition wall heat exchanger is connected to the plate heat exchanger via a second mine water heat exchanger supply and return pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the plate heat exchanger is connected to the mine water storage tank via a mine water heat extraction and return pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the fresh air heating component includes an air compressor, the air compressor is connected to the air compressor exhaust duct, a fan and an electric air valve are installed in the air compressor exhaust duct, and the fan is located close to the air compressor.

[0012] Preferably, a fresh air fan is installed inside the air inlet duct, and the fresh air fan is located close to the air heating unit.

[0013] A multi-heat-source adaptive regulation method for coal mine shaft heating control includes the following steps:

[0014] The system determines whether to turn on or off the return air waste heat recovery component, the mine water delivery component, the fresh air heating component, and the air heating unit by monitoring the outdoor temperature.

[0015] The operating power of the mine water delivery assembly, the fresh air heating assembly, and the air heating unit is adjusted by monitoring the temperature of the air intake chamber.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] This invention forms a three-stage heat source system of return air waste heat recovery component, mine water transportation component, fresh air heating component and air heating unit, which can effectively and significantly alleviate the heat source shortage problem in cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0020] The components include: 1. Mine ventilation fan; 2. Primary heat extraction and return air duct; 3. Gravity heat pipe; 4. Secondary heat extraction and return air duct; 5. Indirect heat exchanger; 6. Return air exhaust duct; 7. Fresh air inlet; 8. Air inlet and exhaust pipe; 9. Fresh air fan; 10. Air heating unit; 11. Shaft air supply duct; 12. First mine water heat extraction and return liquid pipe; 13. Primary heat extraction and liquid supply pipe; 14. Heat extraction circulating water pump; 5. Heat pump; 16. Heating water supply pipe; 17. Heating circulating water pump; 18. Heating return water pipe; 19. Air intake shaft room; 20. Mine water storage tank; 21. Plate heat exchanger; 22. Mine water heating supply pipe; 23. Mine water self-priming pump; 24. Mine water heating return water pipe; 25. Air compressor; 26. Air compressor exhaust duct; 27. Fan; 28. Electric air valve; 29. ​​Second mine water heating supply and return liquid pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides a multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system, including a return air waste heat recovery component for recovering waste heat from the mine's hot air. The return air waste heat recovery component is connected to a mine water conveying component for conveying hot water from the mine and a fresh air heating component for heating fresh air from the outside. The mine water conveying component and the fresh air heating component are connected to an air heating unit 10. The air outlet of the air heating unit 10 is connected to an air inlet room 19 through a shaft air supply duct 11. The return air waste heat recovery component includes a gravity heat pipe 3. The heat dissipation section of the gravity heat pipe 3 is connected to the air heating unit 10 through an air inlet duct 8. The heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe 3 is connected to a partition wall heat exchanger 5 through a two-stage heat extraction return air duct 4. The partition wall heat exchanger 5 is connected to the mine water conveying component. The fresh air heating component is connected to the air inlet duct 8 through an air compressor exhaust duct 26.

[0024] The partition wall heat exchanger 5 is also connected to the return air exhaust duct 6. The cold air after heat exchange through the partition wall heat exchanger 5 is discharged from the wellhead through the return air exhaust duct 6.

[0025] This invention forms a three-stage heat source system—return air waste heat recovery component, mine water conveyance component, fresh air heating component, and air heating unit 10—which effectively and significantly alleviates the heat source shortage problem in cold regions.

[0026] In a further optimized design, the heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe 3 is also connected to the mine ventilation fan 1 through a primary heat extraction and return air duct 2.

[0027] The mine ventilation fan 1 can transport hot air from the mine through the primary heat extraction and return air duct 2 to the heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe 3. The heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe 3 transfers the heat from the return air to the heat release section of the gravity heat pipe 3 through the internal heat transfer medium.

[0028] A further optimized scheme includes a mine water transport assembly comprising a mine water storage tank 20. The mine water storage tank 20 is connected to a plate heat exchanger 21 via a mine water heat extraction supply pipe 22. The plate heat exchanger 21 is connected to a heat pump 15 via a first mine water heat extraction supply and return pipe 12. The heat pump 15 is connected to an air heating unit 10 via a heat supply pipe 16 and a heat return pipe 18. A mine water self-priming pump 23 is installed on the mine water heat extraction supply pipe 22 to transport mine water from the mine water storage tank 20 to the plate heat exchanger 21.

[0029] Mine water enters plate heat exchanger 21 from mine water storage tank 20 via mine water self-priming pump 23 and mine water heat supply pipe 22; inside plate heat exchanger 21, mine water provides secondary preheating for ethylene glycol solution.

[0030] After secondary preheating, the ethylene glycol medium enters the evaporator of the heat pump 15 through the first mine water heat extraction and return pipe 12, providing a heat source for the heat pump 15.

[0031] In a further optimized design, the heat pump 15 is connected to the indirect heat exchanger 5 via a primary heat supply pipe 13. A heat exchange circulating water pump 14 is installed on the primary heat supply pipe 13 to transport the waste heat ethylene glycol solution to the plate heat exchanger 21.

[0032] After being heated in the first stage by the partition wall heat exchanger 5, the ethylene glycol solution is transported by the heat exchange circulating water pump 14 along the first stage heat exchange supply pipe 13 to the plate heat exchanger 21.

[0033] The scheme is further optimized by connecting the indirect heat exchanger 5 to the plate heat exchanger 21 via the second mine water heat exchanger supply and return pipe 29. The mine water is preheated by the indirect heat exchanger 5, and the preheated mine water is then transported to the plate heat exchanger 21 via the second mine water heat exchanger supply and return pipe 29.

[0034] In a further optimized design, the plate heat exchanger 21 is connected to the mine water storage tank 20 via the mine water heat extraction and return pipe 24.

[0035] The preheated mine water is returned to the mine water storage tank 20 via the mine water heat recovery pipe 24.

[0036] The scheme is further optimized. The fresh air heating component includes an air compressor 25, which is connected to an air compressor exhaust duct 26. A fan 27 and an electric air valve 28 are installed in the air compressor exhaust duct 26. The fan 27 is located close to the air compressor 25.

[0037] The design has been further optimized by installing a fresh air fan 9 inside the air intake duct 8, with the fresh air fan 9 positioned close to the air heating unit 10.

[0038] The high-temperature exhaust air generated by the air compressor 25 is sequentially transported to the air intake duct 8 through the fan 27 and electric air valve 28 in the air compressor exhaust duct 26. The high-temperature exhaust air in the air intake duct 8 is mixed with the preheated fresh air sent by the fresh air fan 9, and the heated air is sent to the air intake well house 19 through the shaft air supply duct 11.

[0039] Workflow:

[0040] During the winter heating season, while ensuring mine ventilation safety, efficient heating of the incoming air is achieved through return air, air compressors, mine water waste heat recovery, and heat pump heating. The process can be divided into three main modules: return air waste heat recovery, mine water heat extraction and preheating, and fresh air heating, as detailed below:

[0041] 1. Return air waste heat recovery

[0042] Return air primary heat extraction: The return air driven by the mine ventilation fan 1 enters the gravity heat pipe 3 heat absorption section through the primary heat extraction return air duct 2. The heat pipe heat absorption section transfers the heat from the return air to the heat release section through the heat transfer medium inside the pipe.

[0043] Secondary heat recovery of return air: The return air, after being preheated in the first stage, enters the indirect heat exchanger 5 through the secondary heat recovery return air duct 4. The remaining heat is absorbed by the low-temperature ethylene glycol solution circulating in it, and then it is discharged from the wellhead through the return air exhaust duct 6.

[0044] 2. Preheating of mine water

[0045] After being heated in the first stage by the partition wall heat exchanger 5, the ethylene glycol solution is transported by the heat exchange circulating water pump 14 along the first stage heat exchange supply pipe 13 to the plate heat exchanger 21.

[0046] Mine water flows from the mine water storage tank 20 through the mine water self-priming pump 23 and into the plate heat exchanger 21 via the mine water heat extraction and supply pipe 22. Within this heat exchanger, the mine water provides secondary preheating for the ethylene glycol solution.

[0047] The preheated mine water returns to the mine water storage tank 20 via the mine water heat extraction and return pipe 24; the ethylene glycol medium after secondary preheating enters the evaporator of the heat pump 15 along the first mine water heat extraction and return liquid pipe 12, providing a heat source for the heat pump 15.

[0048] 3. Fresh air heating and supply

[0049] After fresh outdoor air is introduced through the fresh air inlet 7, it first passes through the heat dissipation section of the gravity heat pipe 3 and exchanges heat with the return air to achieve primary preheating of the fresh air.

[0050] The high-temperature exhaust air generated by the air compressor 25 is introduced through the air compressor exhaust duct 26 via the electric air valve 28 and the fan 27, and mixed with the preheated fresh air delivered by the fresh air fan 9.

[0051] The mixed airflow enters the air heating unit 10, where the heat source is 30-40℃ hot water generated by the heat pump 15 after heat exchange. The heating circulating water pump 17 sends the hot water through the heating supply water pipe 16 into the unit for heat exchange, heating the airflow, and then returns it to the heat pump condenser through the heating return water pipe 18, completing the two-stage heating cycle. Finally, the heated air is sent to the air inlet room 19 through the shaft air supply duct 11.

[0052] This process combines two-stage waste heat recovery from return air, two-stage heat exchange between ethylene glycol solution and mine water, and two-stage heating of air compressor waste heat and heat pump hot water, achieving maximum utilization of various types of waste heat and efficient and stable heating of intake air.

[0053] A multi-heat-source adaptive regulation method for coal mine shaft heating control includes the following steps:

[0054] The heat extraction circulating water pump 14, heat pump 15, heating circulating water pump 17, mine water self-priming pump 23, fan 27 and electric air valve 28 are linked for control, ensuring that the shaft heating temperature is not lower than 2℃ with the lowest operating cost.

[0055] The system determines whether to turn on or off the return air waste heat recovery component, the mine water delivery component, the fresh air heating component, and the air heating unit 10 by monitoring the outdoor temperature.

[0056] When the outdoor temperature is higher than the preset value, all power equipment is shut down.

[0057] When the outdoor temperature is lower than the preset value, the fan 27, the fresh air fan 9 and the heat pump 15 are started in sequence.

[0058] The operating power of the mine water delivery components, fresh air heating components, and air heating unit 10 is adjusted by monitoring the temperature of the air intake room 19.

[0059] Monitor the temperature of the air intake room 19. If the temperature is still lower than the preset value, start the fresh air fan 9. If the temperature is still too low, start the heat extraction circulating water pump 14, the heating circulating water pump 17, the mine water self-priming pump 23, and the heat pump 15 in sequence until the heating demand is met.

[0060] When the intake air temperature is higher than the preset value, the power of the heat pump 15 compressor will be reduced first.

[0061] If the temperature remains high, then turn off the heat pump 15, the heat extraction circulating water pump 14, the heating circulating water pump 17, and the mine water self-priming pump 23 in sequence.

[0062] If the temperature is still higher than the preset value, the operating frequency of the fresh air fan 9 will be reduced to the minimum to achieve energy saving.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0064] 1. Existing technologies rely solely on waste heat from return air for primary heating. This invention simultaneously introduces mine water thermal energy and auxiliary electric heating to form a three-stage heat source system: waste heat from return air, mine water heat extraction, and electric heating, which significantly alleviates the heat source shortage problem in cold regions.

[0065] 2. Traditional gravity heat pipe systems can only passively absorb heat. This invention maximizes the recovery of waste heat while relying on mine water preheating and air compressor waste heat to supplement as needed, effectively reducing power consumption and fossil energy consumption, and achieving the goal of "ensuring the lowest intake air temperature with the least energy consumption".

[0066] 3. Retaining the advantages of gravity heat pipes such as low energy consumption, long lifespan, and low maintenance, the system also adds a plate heat exchanger and heat pump module, enabling modular maintenance and automatic switching of the backup electric heating unit, further improving system reliability and maintainability.

[0067] This invention addresses the limitations of return air waste heat and the lack of dynamic adjustment in gravity-type heat pipes by integrating multiple heat sources: return air waste heat, mine water thermal energy, and air compressor waste heat. Combined with real-time temperature monitoring and closed-loop control, it achieves adaptive dynamic allocation of heat sources. The system maximizes the utilization of waste heat resources, supplementing heat as needed, and ensuring a stable mixed air inlet temperature in the shaft that is no lower than 2°C, significantly improving energy efficiency and operational reliability in cold regions. Its modular design facilitates maintenance and meets "dual-carbon" environmental protection requirements.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0069] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system, characterized in that: It includes a return air waste heat recovery component for recovering waste heat from hot air in the mine. The return air waste heat recovery component is connected to a mine water conveying component for conveying hot water in the mine and a fresh air heating component for heating fresh air from the outside. The mine water conveying component and the fresh air heating component are connected to an air heating unit (10). The air outlet of the air heating unit (10) is connected to an air inlet room (19) through a shaft air supply duct (11). The return air waste heat recovery assembly includes a gravity heat pipe (3), the heat release section of which is connected to the air heating unit (10) through an air inlet duct (8); the heat absorption section of which is connected to a partition wall heat exchanger (5) through a secondary heat extraction return air duct (4), and the partition wall heat exchanger (5) is connected to the mine water conveying assembly. The fresh air heating component is connected to the air inlet duct (8) through the air compressor exhaust duct (26).

2. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorption section of the gravity heat pipe (3) is also connected to a mine ventilation fan (1) through a primary heat extraction and return air duct (2).

3. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine water transport assembly includes a mine water storage tank (20), which is connected to a plate heat exchanger (21) via a mine water heat extraction and supply pipe (22). The plate heat exchanger (21) is connected to a heat pump (15) via a first mine water heat extraction and return pipe (12). The heat pump (15) is connected to the air heating unit (10) via a heat supply pipe (16) and a heat return pipe (18).

4. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat pump (15) is connected to the indirect heat exchanger (5) through a primary heat exchange and liquid supply pipe (13).

5. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The indirect heat exchanger (5) is connected to the plate heat exchanger (21) through the second mine water heat exchange supply and return pipe (29).

6. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger (21) is connected to the mine water storage tank (20) through the mine water heat return pipe (24).

7. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh air heating component includes an air compressor (25), which is connected to the air compressor exhaust duct (26). A fan (27) and an electric air valve (28) are installed in the air compressor exhaust duct (26), and the fan (27) is located close to the air compressor (25).

8. The multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fresh air fan (9) is installed inside the air inlet duct (8), and the fresh air fan (9) is located close to the air heating unit (10).

9. A multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating control method, based on the multi-heat-source adaptive regulating coal mine shaft heating system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The system determines whether to turn on or off the return air waste heat recovery component, the mine water delivery component, the fresh air heating component, and the air heating unit (10) by monitoring the outdoor temperature. The operating power of the mine water delivery assembly, the fresh air heating assembly, and the air heating unit (10) is adjusted by monitoring the temperature of the air intake room (19).

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