Automatic terrain measuring device and system for river model

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of river model topographic survey, and provides an automatic river model topographic survey device and system.The automatic river model topographic survey device comprises a track, a moving trolley is arranged on the track and comprises a base, two connecting shafts are symmetrically and rotationally connected to the bottom of the base, and a double-shaft driving motor is arranged on the connecting shaft at one end; wheels are fixedly connected to the two ends of the two connecting shafts, a storage battery is arranged at the bottom of the base, and an adjusting assembly is arranged on the base. The mobile trolley accurately moves along the track through the double-shaft driving motor, the whole range of the model can be covered, the rotating holder achieves 360-degree horizontal rotation through worm and gear transmission, the river model can be scanned in an all-around mode, it is ensured that no measurement dead angle exists, and the lifting component adjusts the height of the three-dimensional laser scanning head through lead screw transmission. The device adapts to terrains of different depths, transmission of all parts is stable, manual intervention is not needed, the model measurement time is short, and efficiency and data reliability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of river engineering model topographic measurement technology, specifically an automatic river engineering model topographic measurement device and system. Background Technology

[0002] In hydraulic engineering research, river engineering model tests are an important means of studying water flow movement, river channel evolution, and the impact of engineering structures on water flow. Accurately obtaining topographic data from river engineering models is crucial for analyzing water flow characteristics, sediment transport, and evaluating engineering effects.

[0003] However, existing methods for surveying river engineering models rely on manual operation, requiring the use of tools such as probes to measure point by point. This is slow, consumes a lot of manpower and time, and in large-area river engineering models, manual measurement makes it difficult to ensure the uniform distribution of measurement points, easily overlooking important areas and resulting in incomplete measurement data, affecting the accuracy of subsequent analysis. Furthermore, during manual measurement, factors such as the operator's operating technique and reading errors can affect the measurement accuracy. In addition, for complex terrains, such as riverbeds with irregular shapes or areas with large undulations, manual measurement is even more difficult to accurately obtain terrain data, failing to meet the demand for high-precision terrain data in modern hydraulic engineering research. Although some existing measurement equipment has improved measurement efficiency to some extent, the degree of automation is still low. For example, some equipment requires frequent manual adjustment of measurement positions and parameters, making it impossible to achieve fully automated continuous measurement and obtain dynamic change information of the river engineering model terrain in real time and quickly.

[0004] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed an automatic topographic measurement device and system for river engineering models.

[0005] The information disclosed above in this background section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background section of this invention, and therefore may include prior art that is not known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an automatic topographic measurement device and system for river engineering models. This system solves the problems of existing methods for measuring the topographic features of river engineering models that rely on manual operation, require the use of tools such as probes to measure point by point, have slow measurement speeds, make it difficult to accurately obtain topographic data through manual measurement, and require frequent manual adjustments to the measurement position and parameters of some equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models, including a track on which a mobile trolley is mounted. The mobile trolley includes a base, and two connecting shafts are symmetrically rotatably connected to the bottom of the base. A dual-axis drive motor is mounted on one end of the connecting shaft, and wheels are fixedly connected to both ends of the two connecting shafts. A battery is mounted at the bottom of the base, and an adjustment component is mounted on the base.

[0008] The adjustment assembly includes a rotating gimbal rotatably connected to a base, a vertical plate fixedly connected to the base, a worm gear fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating gimbal, a first motor fixedly connected to the top of the base, a worm gear fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a lifting platform fixedly connected to the top of the rotating gimbal, a support tube provided on the lifting platform, a three-dimensional laser scanning head provided on the top of the support tube, and a lifting component provided on the lifting platform.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the worm is rotatably connected to the vertical plate, and the worm and the worm wheel mesh with each other.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting component includes a lead screw rotatably connected within the lifting platform, a slot is provided on the lifting platform, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating platform, a conveyor belt is sleeved between the lead screw and the rotating shaft, and a second motor is fixedly connected to the lifting platform.

[0011] Preferably, the support pipe is threaded onto the lead screw, the conveyor belt is disposed in the slot, and the end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor.

[0012] Preferably, a locking assembly is provided inside the wheel. The locking assembly includes a third motor fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the wheel, a lever fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, and a connecting rod rotatably connected to the end of the lever.

[0013] Preferably, the locking assembly further includes an arc-shaped plate rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and a receiving rod is rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the receiving rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wheel, and there are two of each of the connecting rod, arc plate and receiving rod, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. There are multiple locking components, which correspond to multiple wheels.

[0015] An automatic measurement system for river engineering model terrain includes the aforementioned automatic measurement device for river engineering model terrain, and also includes a control terminal and a wireless communication unit.

[0016] The control terminal is an industrial computer, which is communicatively connected to the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models. The industrial computer is used to send control commands to the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models and to receive measurement data transmitted by the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models.

[0017] Preferably, the control terminal runs specially developed measurement control software, which has a user interface that allows operators to set measurement parameters, including scanning range, scanning accuracy, and scanning interval.

[0018] Preferably, the measurement control software is also used to preprocess, splice, store, and verify the measurement data received by the control terminal.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This invention uses a mobile trolley that moves precisely along a track using a dual-axis drive motor, covering the entire model area. The rotating gimbal achieves 360° horizontal rotation via worm gear transmission, enabling comprehensive scanning of the river engineering model and ensuring no blind spots in measurement. The lifting component adjusts the height of the 3D laser scanning head via screw transmission to adapt to different terrain depths. All components are stably driven, and the model measurement time is short without manual intervention, significantly improving efficiency and data reliability.

[0021] 2. This invention uses a third motor to drive the lever and connecting rod in linkage, so that the arc plate opens with the supporting rod as the fulcrum and abuts against the track. The wheels are locked by friction. This structure is symmetrically distributed and corresponds to multiple wheels, which is firmly locked and avoids data deviation caused by the sliding of the trolley during measurement. Compared with existing equipment without a locking structure, it solves the problem of easy displacement of the measurement position, ensures the consistency of data at the same point, and provides a stable foundation for high-precision measurement.

[0022] 3. This invention automates the entire measurement process through an automatic topographic measurement system for river engineering models. The control terminal uses a wireless communication control device, and the software supports parameter setting and status monitoring. The data processing module automatically filters and splices data, verifies its integrity, and prompts for supplementary measurements. Compared with existing technologies that manually record and organize data, this invention eliminates human error, improves data processing efficiency, and supports data export and subsequent analysis, meeting the experimental requirements for data timeliness and reliability.

[0023] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of an automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of an automatic topographic measuring device for river engineering models according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting component of an automatic topographic measuring device for river engineering models, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking component of an automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component of an automatic terrain measurement device for river engineering models in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Track; 2. Moving trolley; 21. Base; 22. Connecting shaft; 23. Dual-axis drive motor; 24. Wheel; 25. Battery; 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Rotating gimbal; 311. Vertical plate; 32. Worm gear; 33. First motor; 34. Worm; 35. Lifting platform; 36. Support tube; 37. 3D laser scanning head; 38. Lifting component; 381. Lead screw; 382. Groove; 383. Rotating shaft; 384. Conveyor belt; 385. Second motor; 4. Locking assembly; 41. Third motor; 42. Lever; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Arc plate; 45. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are schematic and not illustrated to scale. For clarity and convenience, the relative sizes and proportions of the parts shown in the drawings have been exaggerated or reduced in size, and any size is only illustrative and not limiting.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, an automatic topographic measurement device for a river engineering model includes a track 1, on which a mobile trolley 2 is mounted. The mobile trolley 2 includes a base 21, with two connecting shafts 22 symmetrically rotatably connected to the bottom of the base 21. A dual-axis drive motor 23 is mounted on one end of each connecting shaft 22, and wheels 24 are fixedly connected to both ends of the two connecting shafts 22. A battery 25 is mounted at the bottom of the base 21, and an adjustment assembly 3 is mounted on the base 21. The track 1, serving as the running carrier for the mobile trolley 2, is laid around the river engineering model, providing a stable path for the mobile trolley 2 and ensuring the straightness of its movement. The mobile trolley 2 achieves measurement coverage of different areas of the model by moving along the track 1. 21 is used to fix the connecting shaft 22, the battery 25, the adjustment component 3 and other components to ensure the stability of the installation of each component. The connecting shaft 22 is used to connect the transmission components of the wheels 24 on both sides. It rotates synchronously under the drive of the dual-shaft drive motor 23 to realize the coordinated movement of the wheels 24. The dual-shaft drive motor 23 is used as the power source of the mobile trolley 2. It drives the connecting shaft 22 to rotate and drives the wheels 24 to roll. The rolling drives the trolley to move on the track 1 and provides the installation base for the locking component 4. The battery 25 supplies power to the entire measuring device and is equipped with a charging interface to support long-term continuous measurement. The adjustment component 3 is used to adjust the horizontal rotation angle and vertical height of the three-dimensional laser scanning head 37 to realize all-round and multi-depth terrain measurement.

[0034] The adjustment assembly 3 includes a rotating gimbal 31 rotatably connected to a base 21. A vertical plate 311 is fixedly connected to the base 21. A worm gear 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating gimbal 31. A first motor 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 21. A worm 34 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 33. A lifting platform 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating gimbal 31. A support tube 36 is provided on the lifting platform 35. A three-dimensional laser scanning head 37 is provided on the top of the support tube 36. A lifting component 38 is provided on the lifting platform 35. The rotating gimbal 31 drives the scanning head to change the horizontal scanning angle by rotating horizontally, achieving 360° coverage without blind spots. The vertical plate 311 supports the end of the worm 34, ensuring the stability of the meshing between the worm 34 and the worm gear 32. The worm gear 32 meshes with the worm 34. The rotational motion of the worm gear 34 is converted into its own circular motion. The first motor 33 serves as the drive source for the rotating gimbal 31. Its output shaft drives the worm gear 34 to rotate. The worm gear 34 transmits the motor's power to the rotating gimbal 31 through meshing with the worm wheel 32. The lifting platform 35 supports the support tube 36 and the three-dimensional laser scanning head 37, providing an installation base for the lifting component 38. By changing its own height, it drives the three-dimensional laser scanning head 37 to achieve vertical position adjustment. The support tube 36 connects the lifting platform 35 and the three-dimensional laser scanning head 37. By moving up and down along the lead screw 381, it drives the scanning head to move synchronously. The three-dimensional laser scanning head 37, as the core measuring component, emits a laser beam and receives reflected light to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the scanning point and realize the acquisition of terrain data. The lifting component 38 achieves precise height adjustment through the lead screw 381.

[0035] Specifically, the end of the worm 34 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 311, and the worm 34 meshes with the worm wheel 32.

[0036] Furthermore, the lifting component 38 includes a lead screw 381 rotatably connected within the lifting platform 35. The lifting platform 35 has a slot 382. A rotating shaft 383 is rotatably connected to the rotating gimbal 31. A conveyor belt 384 is sleeved between the lead screw 381 and the rotating shaft 383. A second motor 385 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 35. The lead screw 381 drives the support tube 36 to rise and fall axially by rotation. The slot 382 provides space for the conveyor belt 384. The rotating shaft 383 connects the second motor 385 and the conveyor belt 384, transmitting the motor power to the lead screw 381. The conveyor belt 384 transmits the rotational motion of the second motor 385 to the lead screw 381. The second motor 385 serves as the power source for the lifting component 38, driving the rotating shaft 383 and the conveyor belt 384 to rotate the lead screw 381, thereby controlling the lifting speed and height of the support tube 36.

[0037] Furthermore, the support tube 36 is threaded onto the lead screw 381, the conveyor belt 384 is disposed in the slot 382, ​​and the end of the rotating shaft 383 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 385.

[0038] As shown above, track 1 is laid around the river engineering model, the trolley 2 is placed on track 1, and the battery 25 provides power. The control terminal sends a start command and a command to the dual-axis drive motor 23. The motor drives the connecting shaft 22 to rotate, causing the wheels 24 to move on track 1. After reaching the target position, the motor stops. The control terminal then sends a rotation command, starting the first motor 33. The output shaft drives the worm gear 34 to rotate. The worm gear 34 meshes with the worm wheel 32, causing the rotating gimbal 31 to rotate synchronously. When the target angle is reached, the first motor 33 stops, and the worm gear 34 and worm wheel 32 self-lock, maintaining the current angle. According to the required measurement depth, the control terminal sends a command to the second motor 385, which drives the rotating shaft 383 to rotate. The rotating shaft 383 is driven to rotate via the conveyor belt 384. The support tube 36 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 381 and moves up and down along the axis of the lead screw 381. After reaching the target height, the second motor 385 stops. The three-dimensional laser scanning head 37 emits a laser beam, receives the reflected light from the model surface, calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of the scanning point, and transmits the data to the control terminal in real time to complete the measurement of the current position. The control terminal then commands the moving trolley 2 to move to the next measurement position and repeats the above steps until all preset areas are measured.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Please see Figure 5 - Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that a locking component 4 is provided inside the wheel 24. The locking component 4 includes a third motor 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wheel 24. A lever 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 41. A connecting rod 43 is rotatably connected to the end of the lever 42. The locking component 4 is used to fix the wheel 24 to the track 1 to avoid positional deviation caused by the sliding of the trolley during measurement and to improve the positioning accuracy of the measurement point. The third motor 41 serves as the driving source of the locking component 4. It drives the lever 42 to rotate through the rotation of the output shaft, providing power for the locking action. The lever 42 is used to convert the rotational motion of the motor into the swing of the connecting rod 43 (pushing the connecting rod 43 to open or retract). The connecting rod 43 is used to transmit the power of the lever 42 to the arc plate 44, and drives the arc plate 44 to rotate through its own swing.

[0041] Specifically, the locking assembly 4 also includes an arc-shaped plate 44 rotatably connected to the connecting rod 43. A receiving rod 45 is rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate 44. The arc-shaped plate 44 is in direct contact with the track 1. When it is opened, it fits against the surface of the track 1, increasing the friction and achieving relative fixation between the wheel 24 and the track 1. The receiving rod 45 is used to provide a rotation fulcrum for the arc-shaped plate 44.

[0042] Furthermore, the end of the receiving rod 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wheel 24. There are two of each of the connecting rod 43, the arc plate 44 and the receiving rod 45, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. There are multiple locking components 4, which correspond to multiple wheels 24.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, the locking component 4 is initially in the unlocked state, the arc plate 44 retracts and separates from the track 1. When the dual-axis drive motor 23 drives the wheel 24 to move, the third motor 41 does not work, and the lever 42 and connecting rod 43 are in the retracted state to avoid the arc plate 44 interfering with the movement. After the moving trolley 2 reaches the target measurement position, the control terminal sends a locking command to the third motor 41. The motor output shaft drives the lever 42 to rotate, and the lever 42 pushes the two connecting rods 43 to open outward. The connecting rod 43 drives the arc plate 44 to rotate around the supporting rod 45 as the fulcrum. The arc plate 44 opens until it is tightly abutting against the surface of the track 1. At this time, the wheel 24 is relatively fixed to the track 1, and the locking is completed. After the current position scan is completed, the control terminal sends an unlocking command. The third motor 41 rotates in the opposite direction, the lever 42 pulls the connecting rod 43 to retract, the arc plate 44 resets and separates from the track 1, the lock is released, and the moving trolley 2 can go to the next position.

[0044] Example 3:

[0045] An automatic measurement system for river engineering model terrain includes the aforementioned automatic measurement device for river engineering model terrain, and also includes a control terminal and a wireless communication unit.

[0046] The control terminal is an industrial computer. The industrial computer is connected to the automatic topographic measurement device of the river engineering model. It is used to send control commands to the automatic topographic measurement device of the river engineering model and receive measurement data transmitted by the automatic topographic measurement device of the river engineering model. Its hardware configuration meets the following requirements: processor is Core i5 or above, memory is not less than 8GB, and hard disk capacity is not less than 500GB to support real-time processing and storage of measurement data.

[0047] The wireless communication unit is electrically connected to the control terminal and the measuring device respectively. It uses wireless radio frequency technology to realize data transmission. The communication distance is not less than 50m, and the connection stability is maintained during the movement of the measuring device (reconnection time ≤1s).

[0048] The industrial computer establishes two-way communication with the automatic topographic measurement device of the river engineering model through a wireless communication unit: on the one hand, it sends control commands to the measurement device (including starting and stopping the mobile trolley 2, adjusting the angle of the rotating gimbal 31, controlling the height of the lifting platform 35, starting and stopping the scanning head, etc.); on the other hand, it receives real-time data transmitted by the measurement device (including the position information of the mobile trolley 2, the working status of the scanning head, and three-dimensional topographic measurement data).

[0049] Specifically, the control terminal runs specially developed measurement and control software. The measurement and control software has a user interface that allows operators to set measurement parameters, including scanning range, scanning accuracy, and scanning interval.

[0050] Scan range: can be determined by inputting the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​(X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2) of the boundary of the river engineering model, with the coordinate values ​​accurate to 0.1mm;

[0051] Scanning accuracy: Three levels are available (high accuracy, medium accuracy, and low accuracy), corresponding to sampling intervals of 0.1mm, 0.5mm, and 1mm for the scanning head, respectively;

[0052] Scanning interval: can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0.2mm to 2mm, with an adjustment step of 0.1mm;

[0053] The status display area displays the operating status of the measuring device in real time, including the current position of the moving trolley 2 (accurate to 1mm), the current angle of the rotating gimbal 31 (accurate to 0.1°), the current height of the lifting platform 35 (accurate to 0.1mm), and the remaining power of the battery 25 (percentage display, accuracy ±5%).

[0054] The data preview area can display the collected terrain data point cloud image in real time, and supports zoom and pan operations.

[0055] Furthermore, the measurement and control software is also used to preprocess, stitch, store, and verify the measurement data received by the control terminal;

[0056] Data preprocessing: Automatic filtering is performed on the received 3D topographic measurement data to remove outliers caused by environmental interference (judgment criteria: points whose distance deviation from surrounding normal points exceeds 5mm are considered outliers);

[0057] Data stitching: When the measurement range exceeds the coverage of a single scan, multiple sets of scan data are automatically stitched together with a stitching error of ≤1mm.

[0058] Data storage: The preprocessed measurement data is stored in the control terminal hard disk in a preset format (including the original coordinate data format and point cloud image format). The storage path is automatically named "Measurement Date + Model Name" (e.g., "20250723_River Model"), and it supports manual export as a CSV or TXT file.

[0059] Data verification: Automatically verify data integrity before storage. If data is missing (more than 5% of the total data), issue a prompt to the operator and record the coordinates of the missing area for subsequent retesting.

[0060] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are mature technologies in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all use conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connections also use conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be detailed here. Any content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0061] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to general designs. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models, characterized in that: Includes a track (1), on which a mobile trolley (2) is mounted. The mobile trolley (2) includes a base (21), on which two connecting shafts (22) are symmetrically rotatably connected. A dual-axis drive motor (23) is mounted on one end of the connecting shaft (22). Wheels (24) are fixedly connected to both ends of the two connecting shafts (22). A battery (25) is mounted on the bottom of the base (21). An adjustment component (3) is mounted on the base (21). The adjustment assembly (3) includes a rotating gimbal (31) rotatably connected to a base (21), a vertical plate (311) fixedly connected to the base (21), a worm gear (32) fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating gimbal (31), a first motor (33) fixedly connected to the top of the base (21), a worm gear (34) fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (33), a lifting platform (35) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating gimbal (31), a support tube (36) provided on the lifting platform (35), a three-dimensional laser scanning head (37) provided on the top of the support tube (36), and a lifting component (38) provided on the lifting platform (35).

2. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the worm (34) is rotatably connected to the vertical plate (311), and the worm (34) and the worm wheel (32) mesh with each other.

3. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting component (38) includes a lead screw (381) rotatably connected to the lifting platform (35), a slot (382) is provided on the lifting platform (35), a rotating shaft (383) is rotatably connected to the rotating gimbal (31), a conveyor belt (384) is sleeved between the lead screw (381) and the rotating shaft (383), and a second motor (385) is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (35).

4. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support tube (36) is threaded onto the lead screw (381), the conveyor belt (384) is set in the slot (382), and the end of the rotating shaft (383) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (385).

5. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking assembly (4) is provided inside the wheel (24). The locking assembly (4) includes a third motor (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wheel (24). A lever (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor (41), and a connecting rod (43) is rotatably connected to the end of the lever (42).

6. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly (4) further includes an arc-shaped plate (44) rotatably connected to the connecting rod (43), and a receiving rod (45) is rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate (44).

7. The automatic topographic surveying device for river engineering models according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the receiving rod (45) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wheel (24). There are two of each of the connecting rod (43), the arc plate (44) and the receiving rod (45) and they are evenly distributed around the circumference. There are multiple locking components (4) and they correspond to multiple wheels (24).

8. An automatic topographic measurement system for river engineering models, characterized in that: The automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models as described in any one of claims 1-7 further includes a control terminal and a wireless communication unit; The control terminal is an industrial computer, which is communicatively connected to the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models. The industrial computer is used to send control commands to the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models and to receive measurement data transmitted by the automatic topographic measurement device for river engineering models.

9. The automatic topographic measurement system for river engineering models according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control terminal runs specially developed measurement control software, which has a user interface that allows operators to set measurement parameters, including scanning range, scanning accuracy, and scanning interval.

10. The automatic topographic measurement system for river engineering models according to claim 9, characterized in that: The measurement and control software is also used to preprocess, splice, store, and verify the measurement data received by the control terminal.

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