Lightweight anti-sway ABS wheel speed sensor cable

Abstract

This invention discloses a lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable, belonging to the field of cable technology. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable of this invention includes a wheel speed sensor unit, an electrical unit, a second lightweight filler layer, and an outer sheath layer. The wheel speed sensor unit includes an insulated conductor portion, a first sheath layer disposed outside the insulated conductor portion, and a first lightweight filler layer filling the space between the insulated conductor and the first sheath layer. Both the first and second lightweight filler layers are provided with aramid fibers. The insulated conductor portion includes a conductor layer and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor layer. The conductor layer is obtained by twisting copper wire conductors and aramid fibers. Both the first and second lightweight filler layers are made of polyurethane foam. The raw material components of the outer sheath layer include organosilicon polyurethane elastomer, modified hollow glass microspheres, antioxidants, and lubricants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cable for a lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor. Background Art

[0002] As a key component in the automotive electronic control system, the wheel speed sensor is widely used in safety systems such as ABS (antilock braking system). Its performance directly affects the braking effect, handling stability, and driving safety of the vehicle. The wheel speed sensor is connected to the control unit through a cable and is responsible for real-time transmission of the wheel speed signal. Therefore, high requirements are imposed on the reliability, stability, and environmental adaptability of the supporting cable.

[0003] Currently, most of the cables for ABS wheel speed sensors use PVC or ordinary rubber materials as insulation and sheath materials. Although these materials have advantages such as low cost and good processing performance, many problems have emerged in practical applications. First, since the wheel speed sensor is usually installed near the wheel, the cable is under dynamic stresses such as vibration, bending, and torsion during the vehicle's driving process. The traditional materials have poor flexibility and insufficient sway resistance, which easily lead to phenomena such as cracking of the cable insulation layer and breakage of the conductor, affecting the continuity and accuracy of signal transmission and even causing system failures. Second, the overall mass of the traditional cable is relatively large, which is not conducive to the development trend of automotive lightweight design, increases the energy consumption of the whole vehicle, and does not meet the current requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0004] In addition, the operating environment of the vehicle is complex and changeable, and the cable needs to work in the extreme temperature range of -40°C to 125°C for a long time. Ordinary PVC or rubber materials are prone to problems such as material aging, embrittlement, or softening in this temperature range, seriously affecting the service life and working stability of the cable. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of automotive safety standards, the cable also needs to have good flame retardant properties to prevent the spread of fire in case of a fire accident.

[0005] Therefore, the applicant has designed and prepared a special cable for ABS wheel speed sensors that is lightweight, resistant to high and low temperatures, flame retardant, and has excellent sway resistance to meet the higher requirements of the automotive industry for reliability, lightweight, and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a cable for a lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0007] The technical solution for achieving the object of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable includes a wheel speed sensor unit, an electrical unit, a second lightweight filler layer, and an outer sheath layer; the wheel speed sensor unit includes an insulated conductor portion, a first sheath layer disposed outside the insulated conductor portion, and a first lightweight filler layer filled between the insulated conductor and the first sheath layer; both the first lightweight filler layer and the second lightweight filler layer are provided with aramid fibers.

[0009] The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable of the present invention reduces the weight of the cable by using a second lightweight filler layer and a first lightweight filler layer in the wheel speed sensor unit. At the same time, reinforcing aramid fibers are provided in the first and second lightweight filler layers to enhance the sway resistance of the cable.

[0010] Furthermore, the insulating conductor portion includes a conductor layer and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor layer; the conductor layer is obtained by twisting copper wire conductors and aramid fibers.

[0011] The conductor layer of the insulating conductor portion of the wheel speed sensor unit of the present invention is obtained by twisting copper wire conductors and aramid fibers, which can effectively improve the sway resistance and strength of the lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first lightweight filler layer and the second lightweight filler layer are made of polyurethane foam.

[0013] The first and second lightweight filler layers of this invention are both made of polyurethane foam, which can effectively reduce the weight of the cable for lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensors.

[0014] Furthermore, the raw material components of the outer sheath layer include, by mass parts, 100-120 parts of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 50-70 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and 1-3 parts of lubricant.

[0015] The invention incorporates modified hollow glass microspheres into the outer sheath layer. These modified microspheres have a lower density than traditional fillers, and their spherical structure forms a lightweight filling network within the outer sheath layer, reducing the overall material density and further reducing the weight of the lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable. However, hollow glass microspheres tend to agglomerate in silicone polyurethane elastomers and exhibit poor compatibility and weak interfacial bonding, directly leading to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer. Modifying the hollow glass microspheres allows for their uniform dispersion within the silicone polyurethane elastomer. The silicone polyurethane elastomer coats the hollow glass microspheres, forming a "core-shell" structure that effectively transfers stress, preventing crack propagation caused by stress concentration. This improves the mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer and enhances the sway resistance of the lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0016] Further, the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer is obtained by polymerization of isocyanate monomer, cold-resistant organosilicon diol, flame retardant chain extender, and organosilicon chain extender; the specific preparation steps are as follows: under nitrogen protection, 11-13 parts by mass of cold-resistant organosilicon diol and 0.05-0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added dropwise to 5-6 parts by mass of isocyanate monomer, and then 18-20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran are added. The mixture is reacted at 65-75°C for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a prepolymer; then the prepolymer is cooled to 50°C and 9-11 parts by mass of flame retardant chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, 2-3 parts by mass of organosilicon chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, and 0.05-0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added respectively. The mixture is reacted at 65-75°C for 9-11 hours, poured into a mold and left to stand at room temperature overnight, and then vacuum dried to obtain the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer.

[0017] The isocyanate monomer includes any one or at least two combinations of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.

[0018] The silicone polyurethane elastomer of the present invention is obtained by polymerization of isocyanate monomer, cold-resistant silicone diol, flame retardant chain extender, and silicone chain extender.

[0019] Among them, the cold-resistant organosilicon diol is obtained by ion ring-opening polymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and hydroxyl-containing disiloxane, followed by click reaction grafting of terminal mercapto polyether. Flexible polyether long chains are introduced into the side chains of the terminal hydroxyl polysiloxane, which effectively destroys the molecular regularity of the terminal hydroxyl polysiloxane, hinders the orderly arrangement of molecular chains at low temperatures, reduces the tendency to crystallize, and thus enhances the cold resistance of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol. The cold-resistant organosilicon diol reacts with the isocyanate groups of the polyurethane prepolymer through the terminal hydroxyl groups to form a block structure with covalent bonds, which enhances the interfacial bonding force. The long-chain polyether is embedded in the amorphous region of the polyurethane soft segment and forms an interpenetrating network through chain segment entanglement, which reduces microphase separation, reduces the size of the hard segment microregion and makes it more uniformly distributed, and improves the tensile strength. At the same time, the two-phase interface forms an energy dissipation network through the entanglement of polyether chains. Under dynamic load, it absorbs vibration energy through molecular chain slippage, which further enhances the sway resistance of the lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0020] The flame retardant chain extender is obtained by reacting melamine with vanillin and then with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide; the organosilicon chain extender is obtained by reacting 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane with 2-mercaptoethanol via a click reaction; the flame retardant chain extender introduces a rigid ring into melamine, and utilizes the large steric hindrance of the rigid group to reduce the thermal motion of the molecular chain under heating conditions, thereby reducing the thermal deformation of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer at high temperatures and improving its heat resistance. After reacting with vanillin, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is grafted onto the flame retardant chain extender, and the intrinsically flame retardant polyurethane is subsequently prepared.

[0021] During combustion, the silicon-containing groups and low thermal conductivity hollow glass microspheres in silicone polyurethane elastomers form a special insulating silica-oxygen layer and a glassy capping layer on the matrix surface. These layers prevent heat transfer during combustion, providing both insulation and shielding. They also effectively prevent the oxidation of the char layer and increase its thermal stability. Meanwhile, the phosphorus-containing groups decompose at high temperatures to produce pyrophosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid, which can also catalyze the formation of a denser char layer to protect the matrix interior. Furthermore, the decomposition of phosphorus-containing groups can produce PO·, HPO·, and other compounds. PO2· and other free radicals combine with H· and OH· free radicals in the air to quench the combustion reaction. In addition, since melamine decomposes into some non-flammable gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide when heated, it can dilute the flammable gas and dilute the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, thus preventing the combustion reaction from continuing. The organosilicon polyurethane elastomer prepared by this invention can significantly improve the flame retardant performance of the polyurethane foam system through the synergistic effect of hollow glass microspheres, organosilicon, melamine and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide.

[0022] The organosilicon chain extender is obtained by a click reaction of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol. The disiloxane structure and thioether bond in the organosilicon chain extender promote the compatibility between the hard phase and the soft phase, alleviate the sharp microphase separation between the hard phase and the soft phase, facilitate the transfer of stress between the hard phase and the soft phase, and greatly improve the mechanical properties of organosilicon polyurethane elastomers.

[0023] Further, the cold-resistant organosilicon diol is obtained by ionic ring-opening polymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and hydroxyl-containing disiloxane, followed by click reaction grafting of terminal thiol polyethers. The specific preparation steps are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1.5 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 150 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane are reacted at 75-85℃ under a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.1 MPa for 5-7 hours to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate; 100-120 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 20-25 parts by mass of tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane are weighed and reacted at 75-85℃ under a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.1 MPa. Dehydrate under MPa conditions for 1–3 h, then add 0.8–1 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanoate and 0.05–0.1 parts by mass of hydroxyl-containing disiloxane under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 110–120 °C and react for 2–4 h, then heat to 170–190 °C and maintain a vacuum state for 2–4 h, cool to room temperature to obtain vinyl silica gel; dissolve 100 parts by mass of vinyl silica gel in 20–30 times its mass of tetrahydrofuran and stir for 11–12 h, then add 30–40 parts by mass of terminal thiol polyether and stir for 1–3 h, then add 1.3–1.5 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether and stir and react under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 15–20 min to obtain cold-resistant organosilicon diol.

[0024] The hydroxyl-containing disiloxanes include 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane.

[0025] The terminal thiol polyether includes methoxy polyethylene glycol-thiol.

[0026] The flame retardant chain extender is obtained by reacting melamine with vanillin and then with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide. The specific preparation steps are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 25-35 parts by mass of vanillin are dissolved in 80-100 parts by mass of methanol to obtain solution A; 12-13 parts by mass of melamine are dissolved in 80-100 parts by mass of methanol to obtain solution B; solution B is added dropwise to solution A within 30 minutes, and the reaction is carried out at 60-70°C for 5-7 hours. Then, 43-44 parts by mass of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide are added, and the reaction is carried out at 60-70°C for 11-13 hours to obtain the flame retardant chain extender.

[0027] The organosilicon chain extender is obtained by a click reaction of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol. The specific preparation steps are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2.2. Then, 0.01 to 0.015 times the mass of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether are added and the mixture is stirred and reacted under 365nm ultraviolet light for 15 to 25 minutes to obtain the organosilicon chain extender.

[0028] The modified hollow glass microspheres are obtained by modifying hollow glass microspheres with silane coupling agent. The specific preparation steps are as follows: Hollow glass microspheres are stirred in 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution for 1-3 hours, then washed with distilled water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral, and dried to obtain surface hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres; 110-120 parts by mass of ethanol and 10 parts by mass of ultrapure water are stirred evenly, and acetic acid is added to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 5-6. 0.5-0.6 parts by mass of silane coupling agent are added, and hydrolysis is carried out for 50-70 minutes. Then, 50 parts by mass of surface hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is refluxed at 55-65℃ for 4.5-5.5 hours. After the temperature drops to room temperature, the mixture is filtered, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0029] The silane coupling agent is obtained by grafting alkene-containing siloxanes with thiol bonds onto a mercapto reagent via a click reaction. The specific preparation steps are as follows: 15-25 parts by mass of alkene-containing siloxanes are dissolved in 300-400 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, then 18-30 parts by mass of mercapto reagent are added and stirred for 1-3 hours, followed by 1.7-3.4 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether, and the mixture is stirred and reacted under ultraviolet light for 15-20 minutes to obtain the silane coupling agent.

[0030] The siloxanes containing olefin bonds include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane, etc.

[0031] The thiol reagents include methyl thioacetate, thioacetic acid, and thioglycerol.

[0032] The ultraviolet lamp is 365nm, with a power of 140–150mW / cm². 2 Ultraviolet lamps.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) The lightweight sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable of the present invention reduces the weight of the lightweight sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable by using a second lightweight filler layer and using a first lightweight filler layer in the wheel speed sensor unit. At the same time, reinforcing aramid fibers are provided in the first lightweight filler layer and the second lightweight filler layer to enhance the sway resistance of the lightweight sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0035] (2) The conductor layer of the insulating conductor part of the wheel speed sensor unit of the present invention is obtained by twisting copper wire conductor and aramid fiber, which can effectively improve the sway resistance and strength of the lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0036] (3) The first lightweight filling layer and the second lightweight filling layer of the present invention are both made of polyurethane foam, which can effectively reduce the weight of the cable for lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor.

[0037] (4) Modified hollow glass microspheres are added to the outer sheath layer of the present invention. The density of the modified hollow glass microspheres is lower than that of the traditional filler. Its spherical structure forms a lightweight filling network in the outer sheath layer, which can reduce the overall density of the material and further reduce the weight of the lightweight sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable. However, the hollow glass microspheres are prone to agglomeration in the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer and have poor compatibility and weak interfacial bonding force, which directly leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer. Modifying the hollow glass microspheres can uniformly disperse the hollow glass microspheres in the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer. The organosilicon polyurethane elastomer coats the hollow glass microspheres to form a "core-shell" structure, which can effectively transfer stress and avoid crack propagation caused by stress concentration, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer and enhancing the sway resistance of the lightweight sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0038] (5) The organosilicon polyurethane elastomer of the present invention is obtained by polymerization of isocyanate monomer, cold-resistant organosilicon diol, flame retardant chain extender and organosilicon chain extender;

[0039] Among them, the cold-resistant organosilicon diol is obtained by ion ring-opening polymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and hydroxyl-containing disiloxane, followed by click reaction grafting of terminal mercapto polyether. Flexible polyether long chains are introduced into the side chains of the terminal hydroxyl polysiloxane, which effectively destroys the molecular regularity of the terminal hydroxyl polysiloxane, hinders the orderly arrangement of molecular chains at low temperatures, reduces the tendency to crystallize, and thus enhances the cold resistance of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol. The cold-resistant organosilicon diol reacts with the isocyanate groups of the polyurethane prepolymer through the terminal hydroxyl groups to form a block structure with covalent bonds, which enhances the interfacial bonding force. The long-chain polyether is embedded in the amorphous region of the polyurethane soft segment and forms an interpenetrating network through chain segment entanglement, which reduces microphase separation, reduces the size of the hard segment microregion and makes it more uniformly distributed, and improves the tensile strength. At the same time, the two-phase interface forms an energy dissipation network through the entanglement of polyether chains. Under dynamic load, it absorbs vibration energy through molecular chain slippage, which further enhances the sway resistance of the lightweight and sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable.

[0040] The flame retardant chain extender is obtained by reacting melamine with vanillin and then with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide; the organosilicon chain extender is obtained by reacting 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane with 2-mercaptoethanol via a click reaction; the flame retardant chain extender introduces a rigid ring into melamine, and utilizes the large steric hindrance of the rigid group to reduce the thermal motion of the molecular chain under heating conditions, thereby reducing the thermal deformation of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer at high temperatures and improving its heat resistance. After reacting with vanillin, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is grafted onto the flame retardant chain extender, and the intrinsically flame retardant polyurethane is subsequently prepared.

[0041] During combustion, the silicon-containing groups and low thermal conductivity hollow glass microspheres in silicone polyurethane elastomers form a special insulating silica-oxygen layer and a glassy capping layer on the matrix surface. These layers prevent heat transfer during combustion, providing both insulation and shielding. They also effectively prevent the oxidation of the char layer and increase its thermal stability. Meanwhile, the phosphorus-containing groups decompose at high temperatures to produce pyrophosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid, which can also catalyze the formation of a denser char layer to protect the matrix interior. Furthermore, the decomposition of phosphorus-containing groups can produce PO·, HPO·, and other compounds. PO2· and other free radicals combine with H· and OH· free radicals in the air to quench the combustion reaction. In addition, since melamine decomposes into some non-flammable gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide when heated, it can dilute the flammable gas and dilute the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, thus preventing the combustion reaction from continuing. The organosilicon polyurethane elastomer prepared by this invention can significantly improve the flame retardant performance of the polyurethane foam system through the synergistic effect of hollow glass microspheres, organosilicon, melamine and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide.

[0042] The organosilicon chain extender is obtained by a click reaction of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol. The disiloxane structure and thioether bond in the organosilicon chain extender promote the compatibility between the hard phase and the soft phase, alleviate the sharp microphase separation between the hard phase and the soft phase, facilitate the transfer of stress between the hard phase and the soft phase, and greatly improve the mechanical properties of organosilicon polyurethane elastomers. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein...

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The reference numerals in the attached figures are: electrical unit 1, wheel speed sensor unit 2, insulating conductor part 2-1, conductor layer 2-1-1, insulating layer 2-1-2, first lightweight filler layer 2-2, first sheath layer 2-3, second lightweight filler layer 3, and outer sheath layer 4. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0049] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The hollow glass microspheres were supplied by 3M, model iM30K; the average diameter is 18 μm and the density is 0.6 g / cm³. 3 The wall thickness of the sphere is 0.9 μm.

[0053] The isocyanate monomer is diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

[0054] The antioxidant used is antioxidant 1010.

[0055] The lubricant used is glyceryl stearate.

[0056] The UV lamp uses a 365nm wavelength and a power output of 140–150 mW / cm². 2 Ultraviolet lamps.

[0057] The molecular weight of bis-hydroxyethoxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane is 2500.

[0058] The molecular weight of the methoxy-terminated polyethylene glycol-mercapto-terminated polyethylene glycol is 2000.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] See Figure 1A lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable includes a wheel speed sensor unit 2, an electrical unit 1, a second lightweight filler layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. There are two electrical units 1, and the two electrical units 1 and the wheel speed sensor unit 2 are surrounded by an outer sheath layer 4. The second lightweight filler layer 3 is filled between the outer sheath layer 4, the electrical unit 1, and the wheel speed sensor unit 2.

[0061] The electrical unit 1 includes an electrical unit conductor and an electrical unit insulating layer covering the electrical unit conductor;

[0062] The wheel speed sensor unit 2 includes an insulating conductor part 2-1, a first sheath layer 2-3 disposed outside the insulating conductor part 2-1, and a first lightweight filler layer 2-2 filled between the insulating conductor 2-1 and the first sheath layer 2-3.

[0063] The insulating conductor section 2-1 includes a conductor layer 2-1-1 and an insulating layer 2-1-2 wrapped around the conductor layer; the conductor layer 2-1-1 is obtained by twisting 28 copper wire conductors with a single filament diameter of 0.15mm around a 1000D aramid fiber core.

[0064] The first lightweight filler layer 2-2 and the second lightweight filler layer 3 are both made of polyurethane foam, and each of the first lightweight filler layer 2-2 and the second lightweight filler layer 3 is provided with at least one reinforcing aramid fiber.

[0065] The preparation steps of the outer sheath layer 4 are as follows: 100 parts by mass of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 50 parts by mass of modified hollow glass microspheres, 1 part by mass of antioxidant, and 1 part by mass of lubricant are melt-blended in a twin-screw extruder and then extruded outside the second lightweight filler layer. The extruder barrel temperature is controlled in 8 stages from the feed end to the die, with temperature parameters of 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 190℃, 180℃, and 175℃ respectively; the screw speed is 100 r / min.

[0066] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 11 parts by mass of cold-resistant organosilicon diol and 0.05 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added dropwise to 5 parts by mass of isocyanate monomer, followed by the addition of 18-20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at 65°C for 1.5 hours to obtain a prepolymer. The prepolymer is then cooled to 50°C, and 9 parts by mass of flame retardant chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, 2 parts by mass of organosilicon chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, and 0.05 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added. The reaction is carried out at 65°C for 9 hours, poured into a mold, left to stand at room temperature overnight, and then vacuum dried to obtain the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer.

[0067] The specific preparation steps of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1.5 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 150 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane are reacted at 75°C and a vacuum of -0.095 MPa for 5 hours to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate; 100 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 20 parts by mass of tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane are weighed and dehydrated at 75°C and a vacuum of -0.095 MPa for 1 hour, and then 0.8 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate are added under a nitrogen atmosphere. 0.05 parts by weight of 1,3-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, and the mixture was heated to 110°C and reacted for 2 hours. Then, the mixture was heated to 170°C and kept under vacuum for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, vinyl silica gel was obtained. 100 parts by weight of vinyl silica gel were dissolved in 23 times its mass of tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 11 hours. Then, 30 parts by weight of terminal methoxy polyethylene glycol-mercapto were added and stirred for 1 hour. Then, 1.3% benzoin dimethyl ether was added and the mixture was stirred and reacted under 365nm ultraviolet light for 15 minutes to obtain a cold-resistant organosilicon diol.

[0068] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon chain extender are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2, and then 0.01 times the mass of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether are added. The mixture is stirred and reacted under ultraviolet light for 15 minutes to obtain the organosilicon chain extender.

[0069] The specific preparation steps of the modified hollow glass microspheres are as follows: The hollow glass microspheres are stirred in a 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution for 1 hour, then washed with distilled water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral, and dried to obtain surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres; 110 parts by mass of ethanol and 10 parts by mass of ultrapure water are stirred evenly, and acetic acid is added to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 5. 0.5 parts by mass of silane coupling agent are added, and hydrolysis is carried out for 50 minutes. Then, 50 parts by mass of surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is refluxed at 55°C for 4.5 hours. After the temperature drops to room temperature, the mixture is filtered, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0070] The specific preparation steps of the silane coupling agent are as follows: 15 parts by mass of siloxane containing olefin bonds are dissolved in 300 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, then 18 parts by mass of methyl mercaptoacetate are added and stirred for 1 hour, followed by 1.7 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether and stirred for 15 minutes under ultraviolet light to obtain the silane coupling agent.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Example 2 has the same structure as Example 1 for a lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable, except that the outer sheath layer 4 is prepared as follows: 110 parts by weight of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 60 parts by weight of modified hollow glass microspheres, 1.5 parts by weight of antioxidant, and 2 parts by weight of lubricant are melt-blended in a twin-screw extruder and then extruded outside the second lightweight filler layer. The extruder barrel temperature is controlled in 8 stages from the feed end to the die, with temperature parameters of 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 190℃, 180℃, and 175℃ respectively; the screw speed is 100 r / min.

[0073] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 12 parts by mass of cold-resistant organosilicon diol and 0.053 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added dropwise to 5.5 parts by mass of isocyanate monomer, followed by the addition of 19 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain a prepolymer. The prepolymer is then cooled to 50°C, and 10 parts by mass of flame retardant chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, 2.5 parts by mass of organosilicon chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, and 0.053 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added respectively. The reaction is carried out at 70°C for 10 hours, poured into a mold, left to stand at room temperature overnight, and then vacuum dried to obtain the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer.

[0074] The specific preparation steps of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1.5 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 150 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane are reacted at 80°C under a vacuum of -0.095 MPa for 6 hours to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate; 110 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 23 parts by mass of tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane are weighed and dehydrated at 80°C under a vacuum of -0.095 MPa for 2 hours, and then 0.9 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate are added under a nitrogen atmosphere. 0.08 parts by weight of 1,3-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, and the mixture was heated to 115°C and reacted for 3 hours. Then, the mixture was heated to 180°C and kept under vacuum for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, vinyl silica gel was obtained. 100 parts by weight of vinyl silica gel were dissolved in 28 times its mass of tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 12 hours. Then, 35 parts by weight of terminal methoxy polyethylene glycol-mercapto were added and stirred for 2 hours. Next, 1,4-benzoin dimethyl ether was added and the mixture was stirred and reacted under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 20 minutes to obtain a cold-resistant organosilicon diol.

[0075] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon chain extender are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2.1, and then 0.013 times the mass of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether are added. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 20 min under 365 nm ultraviolet light to obtain the organosilicon chain extender.

[0076] The specific preparation steps of the modified hollow glass microspheres are as follows: The hollow glass microspheres are stirred in a 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, then washed with distilled water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral, and dried to obtain surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres; 115 parts by mass of ethanol and 10 parts by mass of ultrapure water are stirred evenly, and acetic acid is added to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 5.5. 0.58 parts by mass of silane coupling agent are added, and hydrolysis is carried out for 60 minutes. Then, 50 parts by mass of surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is refluxed at 60°C for 5 hours. After the temperature drops to room temperature, the mixture is filtered, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0077] The specific preparation steps of the silane coupling agent are as follows: 20 parts by mass of siloxane containing olefin bonds are dissolved in 350 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, then 19 parts by mass of methyl mercaptoacetate are added and stirred for 2 hours, followed by 3.4 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether and stirred for 20 minutes under ultraviolet light irradiation to obtain the silane coupling agent.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] Example 3 has the same structure as Example 1 for a lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable, except that the outer sheath layer 4 is prepared as follows: 120 parts by weight of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 70 parts by weight of modified hollow glass microspheres, 2 parts by weight of antioxidant, and 3 parts by weight of lubricant are melt-blended in a twin-screw extruder and then extruded outside the second lightweight filler layer. The extruder barrel temperature is controlled in 8 stages from the feed end to the die, with temperature parameters of 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 190℃, 180℃, and 175℃ respectively; the screw speed is 100 r / min.

[0080] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 13 parts by mass of cold-resistant organosilicon diol and 0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added dropwise to 6 parts by mass of isocyanate monomer, followed by the addition of 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at 75°C for 2.5 hours to obtain a prepolymer. The prepolymer is then cooled to 50°C, and 11 parts by mass of flame retardant chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, 3 parts by mass of organosilicon chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, and 0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added respectively. The reaction is carried out at 75°C for 11 hours, poured into a mold, left to stand at room temperature overnight, and then vacuum dried to obtain the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer.

[0081] The specific preparation steps of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1.5 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 150 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane are reacted at 85°C under a vacuum of -0.1 MPa for 7 hours to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate; 120 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 25 parts by mass of tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane are weighed and dehydrated at 85°C under a vacuum of -0.1 MPa for 3 hours, and then 1 part by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate and 0. 1 part by mass of 1,3-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane was heated to 120°C and reacted for 4 hours, then heated to 190°C and maintained under vacuum for 4 hours, and cooled to room temperature to obtain vinyl silica gel; 100 parts by mass of vinyl silica gel were dissolved in 30 times its mass of tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 12 hours, then 40 parts by mass of terminal methoxy polyethylene glycol-mercapto were added and stirred for 3 hours, followed by the addition of 1.5 benzoin dimethyl ether and stirred for 20 minutes under 365 nm ultraviolet light to obtain cold-resistant organosilicon diol.

[0082] The specific preparation steps of the organosilicon chain extender are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2.2, and then 0.015 times the mass of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether are added. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 25 min under 365 nm ultraviolet light to obtain the organosilicon chain extender.

[0083] The specific preparation steps of the modified hollow glass microspheres are as follows: The hollow glass microspheres are stirred in a 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution for 3 hours, then washed with distilled water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral, and dried to obtain surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres; 120 parts by mass of ethanol and 10 parts by mass of ultrapure water are stirred evenly, and acetic acid is added to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 5.5. 0.6 parts by mass of silane coupling agent are added, and hydrolysis is carried out for 70 minutes. Then, 50 parts by mass of surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is refluxed at 65°C for 5.5 hours. After the temperature drops to room temperature, the mixture is filtered, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0084] The specific preparation steps of the silane coupling agent are as follows: 25 parts by mass of siloxane containing olefin bonds are dissolved in 400 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, then 30 parts by mass of methyl mercaptoacetate are added and stirred for 3 hours, followed by 3.4 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether and stirred for 20 minutes under ultraviolet light to obtain the silane coupling agent.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that the raw material components of the outer sheath layer 4 include 110 parts by mass of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 60 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres, 1.5 parts by mass of antioxidant, and 2 parts by mass of lubricant. The remaining structure, steps, and components are the same as in Example 2.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that the silicone polyurethane elastomer is obtained by polymerization of only isocyanate monomer, bis-hydroxyethoxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane, flame retardant chain extender and silicone chain extender, while the remaining structure, steps and components are the same as in Example 2.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that the silicone polyurethane elastomer is obtained by polymerization of only isocyanate monomer, cold-resistant silicone diol and silicone chain extender, while the rest of the structure, steps and components are the same as in Example 2.

[0091] Example of effect

[0092] Swing resistance test conditions: load 75N, bending radius R120mm, ±90°, 30 times / min, length 600mm, record the number of swings.

[0093] High temperature resistance test: The outer sheaths of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were placed in an oven at 180℃ for 1000 hours, referring to the outer sheath GB / T39560.3-2021. The retention rates of insulation tensile strength and elongation at break before and after aging were tested.

[0094] Table 1 below shows the performance test results of the lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cables and outer sheaths of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention:

[0095] Table 1

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] As shown in Table 1 above, the lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cables of Examples 1 to 3 have good sway resistance, good flame retardancy, high and low temperature resistance, and good mechanical properties of the outer sheath. After aging at 180°C for 1000 hours, the retention rate of insulation tensile strength is still as high as 80%, and the retention rate of elongation at break is still as high as 70%, indicating good high temperature resistance. Moreover, the number of sway cycles at room temperature can reach up to 5 million, and the number of sway cycles at -60°C can still reach up to 500,000, indicating good sway resistance and low temperature resistance.

[0099] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that the outer sheath layer 4 uses hollow glass microspheres instead of modified hollow glass microspheres. Due to the aggregation of hollow glass microspheres, the cable's resistance to swaying, as well as the high and low temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer, are worse than those of Example 2.

[0100] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that the polyol monomer of the silicone polyurethane elastomer is bis-hydroxyethoxypropyl polydimethylsiloxane instead of cold-resistant silicone diol. The cable's resistance to swaying, as well as the high and low temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the outer sheath, are worse than those of Example 2.

[0101] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that no flame retardant chain extender was added to the silicone polyurethane elastomer, and the high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the outer sheath layer are worse than those of Example 2.

[0102] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight, sway-resistant cable for ABS wheel speed sensors, characterized in that, The system includes a wheel speed sensor unit (2), an electrical unit (1), a second lightweight filler layer (3), and an outer sheath layer (4). The wheel speed sensor unit (2) includes an insulating conductor part (2-1), a first sheath layer (2-3) disposed outside the insulating conductor part (2-1), and a first lightweight filler layer (2-2) filled between the insulating conductor part (2-1) and the first sheath layer (2-3). Both the first lightweight filler layer (2-2) and the second lightweight filler layer (3) are provided with aramid fibers. The raw material components of the outer sheath layer (4) include, by mass, 100-120 parts of silicone polyurethane elastomer, 50-70 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and 1-3 parts of lubricant. The preparation steps of the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 11-13 parts by mass of cold-resistant organosilicon diol and 0.05-0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added dropwise to 5-6 parts by mass of isocyanate monomer, followed by the addition of 18-20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at 65-75℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a prepolymer. The prepolymer is then cooled to 50℃ and 9-11 parts by mass of flame retardant chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, 2-3 parts by mass of organosilicon chain extender dissolved in 20 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, and 0.05-0.055 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate are added. The reaction is carried out at 65-75℃ for 9-11 hours. The mixture is poured into a mold and left to stand at room temperature overnight. It is then vacuum dried to obtain the organosilicon polyurethane elastomer. The cold-resistant organosilicon diol is obtained by polymerizing octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and hydroxyl-containing disiloxane by ionic ring-opening polymerization and then grafting terminal thiol polyethers via click reaction.

2. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating conductor portion (2-1) includes a conductor layer (2-1-1) and an insulating layer (2-1-2) wrapped around the conductor layer; the conductor layer (2-1-1) is obtained by twisting copper wire conductors and aramid fibers.

3. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lightweight filler layer (2-2) and the second lightweight filler layer (3) are both made of polyurethane foam.

4. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the cold-resistant organosilicon diol are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1.5 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 150 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane are reacted at 75-85°C under a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.1 MPa for 5-7 hours to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolate; 100-120 parts by mass of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 20-25 parts by mass of tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane are weighed and dehydrated at 75-85°C under a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.1 MPa for 1-3 hours, and then 0.8-1 parts by mass of... A mixture of tetramethylammonium hydroxide silanolyl and 0.05–0.1 parts by weight of hydroxyl-containing disiloxane is heated to 110–120°C and reacted for 2–4 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 170–190°C and maintained under vacuum for 2–4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, vinyl silica gel is obtained. 100 parts by weight of vinyl silica gel are dissolved in 20–30 times its mass of tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 11–12 hours. Then, 30–40 parts by weight of terminal thiol polyether is added and stirred for 1–3 hours. Next, 1.3–1.5 parts by weight of benzoin dimethyl ether is added and stirred under ultraviolet light for 15–20 minutes to obtain a cold-resistant organosilicon diol.

5. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the flame retardant chain extender are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 25-35 parts by mass of vanillin are dissolved in 80-100 parts by mass of methanol to obtain solution A; 12-13 parts by mass of melamine are dissolved in 80-100 parts by mass of methanol to obtain solution B; solution B is added dropwise to solution A within 30 minutes, and the reaction is carried out at 60-70°C for 5-7 hours; then 43-44 parts by mass of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide are added, and the reaction is carried out at 60-70°C for 11-13 hours to obtain the flame retardant chain extender.

6. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the organosilicon chain extender are as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2.

2. Then, 0.01 to 0.015 times the mass of 1,3-bis(vinyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane and 2-mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether are added and the mixture is stirred and reacted under 365nm ultraviolet light for 15 to 25 minutes to obtain the organosilicon chain extender.

7. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the modified hollow glass microspheres are as follows: Hollow glass microspheres are stirred in sodium hydroxide solution for 1–3 h, then washed with distilled water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral, and dried to obtain surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres; 110–120 parts by mass of ethanol and 10 parts by mass of ultrapure water are stirred evenly, and acetic acid is added to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 5–6. 0.5–0.6 parts by mass of silane coupling agent are added, and hydrolysis is performed for 50–70 min. Then, 50 parts by mass of surface-hydroxylated hollow glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is refluxed at 55–65 °C for 4.5–5.5 h. After the temperature drops to room temperature, the mixture is filtered, washed three times with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

8. The lightweight, sway-resistant ABS wheel speed sensor cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the silane coupling agent are as follows: 15-25 parts by mass of siloxane containing olefin bonds are dissolved in 300-400 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran, then 18-30 parts by mass of mercapto reagent are added and stirred for 1-3 hours, followed by 1.7-3.4 parts by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether and stirred under ultraviolet light for 15-20 minutes to obtain the silane coupling agent.

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