Photovoltaic panel installation method, system and equipment based on wind load local shape coefficient and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel installation method, system and equipment based on a wind load local shape coefficient and a medium, and relates to the technical field of offshore photovoltaic engineering. The method comprises the following steps: according to a wind load local shape coefficient table and a design drawing, dividing multi-stage shape coefficient distribution areas, including high, medium and low shape coefficient areas, which are determined by local shape coefficient values corresponding to photovoltaic panel mounting positions; the wind load capacity of the pressing block is calculated according to the wind load local shape coefficient, an adaptive photovoltaic pressing block connecting piece is selected according to the wind load capacity, a high shape coefficient area is connected through a U-shaped bolt pressing block, a gasket or sealant is additionally arranged, and a conventional straight bolt aluminum alloy pressing block standard part is used in a middle and low area. And finally, checking bolts and nuts of all pressing block connecting pieces, casually checking other connecting pieces, and adjusting and replacing if the connecting pieces are unqualified. Partitioned reinforced installation can be carried out according to the wind load local shape coefficient, and the problems that in the prior art, the bearing capacity is uneven, and batch falling is likely to happen are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine photovoltaic engineering technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel installation method, system, equipment and medium based on the local shape coefficient of wind load. Background Technology

[0002] In offshore photovoltaic (PV) projects, existing installation technologies generally employ standardized installation components and fixing methods, failing to differentiate designs based on the varying local shape coefficients due to wind loads at different locations on the PV support structure. The "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" (NBT10115-2018) indicates that the local shape coefficient of wind loads in the edge and corner areas of offshore PV support structures is 30%-70% higher than in the central area. Traditional installation methods ignore this difference, making connection nodes in high-load areas weak points. Under strong typhoon conditions, edge PV panels often fail due to insufficient clamping capacity, leading to a chain reaction that causes large-area detachment of PV panels, seriously threatening the safety of the offshore PV system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel installation method, system, equipment and medium based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] A photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, comprising:

[0006] Based on the local shape coefficient table of wind load and the target design drawings, the local shape coefficient regions of wind load are divided to determine the multi-level shape coefficient distribution regions; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution regions are determined by the value of the local shape coefficient corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation location; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution regions include high shape coefficient regions, medium shape coefficient regions and low shape coefficient regions;

[0007] The wind load on the ballast is determined based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula.

[0008] Select the appropriate photovoltaic pressure block connector according to the wind load capacity of the pressure block and install it; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with high shape coefficient, use the U-bolt pressure block connection method, and add a rubber gasket or sealant between the photovoltaic panel and the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with medium and low shape coefficient, use the standard aluminum alloy pressure block connector with conventional straight bolt connection.

[0009] Inspect all bolts and nuts of the pressure block connectors, and conduct random inspections of other connectors besides bolts and nuts. Adjust or replace any unqualified connectors. The number of connectors inspected in each area shall not be less than 5% of the total number of connectors in that area, and the torque value deviation shall not exceed ±10% of the design value.

[0010] Optionally, the step of dividing the local shape coefficient areas of wind load according to the local shape coefficient table of wind load and the target design drawings, and determining the distribution areas of multi-level shape coefficients, specifically includes:

[0011] Obtain the photovoltaic panel dimensions based on the target design drawings;

[0012] Based on the photovoltaic panel dimensions, and according to the wind load local shape coefficient table in the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures", the areas where the photovoltaic panels are located at different positions of the offshore photovoltaic support are divided into wind load local shape coefficient areas, and the local shape coefficient value corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation position is determined.

[0013] The level is determined based on the local body shape coefficient value, resulting in a multi-level body shape coefficient distribution area.

[0014] Optionally, determining the wind load on the ballast block based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula specifically includes:

[0015] Based on the natural wind environment data of the area where the photovoltaic support is located, determine the benchmark wind speed of the target area;

[0016] Calculate the basic wind pressure based on the aforementioned reference wind speed;

[0017] The wind load of a single photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load, the basic wind pressure, and the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel. Then, the wind load of each pressure block is determined based on the wind load and the number of pressure blocks used to fix a single photovoltaic panel.

[0018] Optionally, the formula for calculating the wind load of a single photovoltaic panel is:

[0019]

[0020] F0 = w k A

[0021] Among them, w k The wind pressure for a single photovoltaic panel. μ is the gust coefficient at height z. si The local shape factor for wind load; μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient; w0 is the basic wind pressure; A is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel; F0 is the wind load on a single photovoltaic panel.

[0022] Optionally, selecting a suitable photovoltaic briquette connector based on the wind load of the briquette specifically includes:

[0023] Based on the comparison between the wind load of the pressure block and the corresponding multi-level shape coefficient distribution area threshold, a pressure block connector that meets the bearing capacity requirements is selected.

[0024] When the briquettes lack corresponding performance parameters, finite element analysis is used for verification.

[0025] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic panel installation system based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, comprising:

[0026] The region division unit is used to divide the wind load local shape coefficient region according to the wind load local shape coefficient table and the target design drawings, and determine the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region is determined by the value of the local shape coefficient corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation position; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region includes high shape coefficient region, medium shape coefficient region and low shape coefficient region;

[0027] The wind load calculation unit is used to determine the wind load on the ballast based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula.

[0028] The connector selection unit is used to select and install suitable photovoltaic pressure block connectors according to the wind load of the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with high shape coefficient, a U-bolt pressure block connection installation method is used, and a rubber gasket or sealant is added between the photovoltaic panel and the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with medium and low shape coefficient, standard aluminum alloy pressure block parts with conventional straight bolt connections are used.

[0029] The inspection unit is used to inspect the bolts and nuts of all pressure block connectors, and to conduct random inspections of other connectors besides bolts and nuts, adjusting or replacing any unqualified connectors; the number of connectors inspected in each area shall not be less than 5% of the total number of connectors in the area, and the torque value deviation shall not exceed ±10% of the design value.

[0030] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor runs the computer program to enable the electronic device to perform the photovoltaic panel installation method based on the wind load local shape coefficient described above.

[0031] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load as described above.

[0032] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0033] This invention discloses a photovoltaic panel installation method, system, equipment, and medium based on the local shape coefficient of wind load. The method includes: dividing the photovoltaic panel into multi-level shape coefficient distribution areas, including high, medium, and low shape coefficient areas, according to a local shape coefficient table and design drawings, determined by the local shape coefficient value corresponding to the photovoltaic panel installation location; calculating the wind load on the pressure block based on the local shape coefficient of wind load; selecting suitable photovoltaic pressure block connectors accordingly; using U-bolt pressure blocks with added gaskets or sealant in high shape coefficient areas; and using standard straight bolt aluminum alloy pressure blocks in medium and low shape coefficient areas. Finally, inspecting all pressure block connector bolts and nuts, and randomly checking other connectors, adjusting or replacing any that are not up to standard.

[0034] This invention divides the local shape coefficient of wind load at different locations of the offshore photovoltaic array into regions and adopts differentiated installation methods for different regions, fully considering the impact of the local shape coefficient of wind load on photovoltaic panel installation. Compared with existing technologies, it can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity of the installed components, effectively reduce the risk of button damage and photovoltaic panel detachment under wind load, improve the safety and stability of the offshore photovoltaic system, reduce maintenance costs and safety hazards, and has good economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the offshore photovoltaic support model in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the local shape coefficient of the photovoltaic panel under wind load in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the local shape coefficient region division of the photovoltaic panel under wind load in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the X, Y, and Z positions of the photovoltaic panel in this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the single-sided pressure block and its dimensions in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the double-sided pressure block and its dimensions in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel installation method, system, equipment and medium based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, comprising:

[0047] S1. Based on the local shape coefficient table of wind load and the target design drawings, divide the local shape coefficient area of ​​wind load and determine the multi-level shape coefficient distribution area; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution area is determined by the value of the local shape coefficient corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation position; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution area includes high shape coefficient area, medium shape coefficient area and low shape coefficient area.

[0048] S2. Determine the wind load on the ballast block based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula.

[0049] S3. Select a suitable photovoltaic pressure block connector according to the wind load of the pressure block and install it; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with high shape coefficient, use U-bolt pressure block connection installation method, and add rubber gaskets or sealant between photovoltaic panels and pressure blocks; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with medium and low shape coefficient, use standard aluminum alloy pressure block parts with conventional straight bolt connection.

[0050] S4. Inspect all bolts and nuts of the pressure block connectors, and conduct random inspections of other connectors besides bolts and nuts. Adjust or replace any unqualified connectors. The number of connectors inspected in each area shall not be less than 5% of the total number of connectors in the area, and the torque value deviation shall not exceed ±10% of the design value.

[0051] As a specific implementation method, step S1 involves dividing the area of ​​the photovoltaic panels at different locations on the offshore photovoltaic support into regions with local shape coefficients for wind loads.

[0052] S11. Obtain the photovoltaic panel dimensions through design drawings.

[0053] S12. According to the wind load local shape coefficient table in the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" (NB / T 10115-2018) Figure 3 The wind load local shape coefficient area is divided into regions for photovoltaic panels at different locations on the offshore photovoltaic support structure, and the local shape coefficient value corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation location is determined.

[0054] As a specific implementation method, the wind load calculation formula in step S2 is derived from the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" NBT10115-2018.

[0055] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic tilt angle is 15°, and the photovoltaic module specifications are: 2384mm × 1303mm × 35mm, with the photovoltaic modules arranged in 15 rows and 50 columns. According to... Figure 3 The wind load local shape coefficient area is divided into regions at different locations of the photovoltaic panels on the offshore photovoltaic support structure (e.g., Figure 4 The coefficient for high body size is -1.3, for medium body size is -1.2, and for low body size is -1.0.

[0056] As a specific implementation method, if there is no corresponding certification report or basis for the performance parameters of the photovoltaic pressure block connector in step S3, the relevant formulas in the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" NBT10115-2018 shall be used for verification, and finite element analysis shall be supplemented if necessary.

[0057] Specifically, the calculation process for the concentrated force F of a single pressure block is as follows:

[0058] S31. Obtain natural wind environment data for the target area where the photovoltaic support is located, and design the benchmark wind speed for the target area in accordance with national standards;

[0059] S32. Calculate the basic wind pressure w0 based on the reference wind speed. In this embodiment, w0 = 1.04 kN / m. 2 .

[0060] S33. According to the "Code for Design of Building Structures" GB50009-2012, photovoltaic panels are calculated using the following formula when considering the building envelope:

[0061]

[0062] in, μ is the gust coefficient at height z. siThe local shape factor for wind load; μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient; w0 is the basic wind pressure (1.04 kN / m² in this embodiment). 2 ).

[0063] The wind load on a single photovoltaic panel is F0 = w k A, the concentrated force of a single pressure block F = F0 / n, where A is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel and n is the number of pressure blocks used to fix a single photovoltaic panel.

[0064] S34. Taking photovoltaic panels X, Y, and Z in this embodiment as an example (e.g.) Figure 5 As shown):

[0065] For photovoltaic panel X (high size factor region μ) si =-1.3):

[0066]

[0067] F0 = w k A = -3.19 × 10 -6 ×2384×1303=-9.89kN;

[0068] F=F0 / 4=-9.89 / 4=-2.47kN;

[0069] For photovoltaic panels Y (medium size coefficient region μ) si =-1.2):

[0070]

[0071] F0 = w k A = -2.78 × 10 -6 ×2384×1303=-8.64kN;

[0072] F=F0 / 4=-8.64 / 4=-2.16kN;

[0073] For photovoltaic panels, Z (low size factor region μ) si =-1.0):

[0074]

[0075] F0 = w k A = -2.13 × 10 -6 ×2384×1303=-6.62kN;

[0076] F=F0 / 4=-6.62 / 4=-1.65kN;

[0077] Select a pressure block that meets the load-bearing capacity requirements based on the concentrated force F of a single pressure block.

[0078] S35. Clamping block connections are divided into single-sided clamping blocks and double-sided clamping blocks. In actual engineering, aluminum alloy clamping blocks are widely used to connect photovoltaic modules to purlins, which is one of the most widely used node forms. The following factors need to be considered for clamping block connections:

[0079] (1) When using pressure block connection, the pressure block must have corresponding supporting documents such as performance parameters and bearing capacity.

[0080] (2) When there is no corresponding supporting documentation for the briquettes, the following formulas should be used to verify them. Figure 6 The clamping blocks used to mount photovoltaic modules on purlins are divided into single-sided clamping blocks. Figure 7 Double-sided pressure blocks used to mount photovoltaic modules onto purlins.

[0081] Normal stress:

[0082]

[0083] Shear stress:

[0084]

[0085] Stiffness:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula: q is the uniformly distributed line load, calculated by the formula q=F / lb1, where F is the concentrated force transmitted from the photovoltaic module to the individual compactor; t min The smaller of t2 and t3; E is the elastic modulus of the material; f is the design value of the tensile strength of the material; f v This is the design value of the shear strength of the material. For example... Figures 6-7 As shown, the parameters include: minimum thickness t1 of the upper bearing plate of the photovoltaic block, maximum thickness t2 of the upper bearing plate of the photovoltaic block, thickness t3 of the lower bearing plate of the photovoltaic block, thicknesses t4 and t5 of the bearing plates on both sides of the photovoltaic block, single-side outward extension length b1 of the upper bearing plate of the photovoltaic block, lower bearing length b2 of the photovoltaic block (for the side block it is the length of its lower bearing plate, for the middle block it is half the length of its lower bearing plate), length h1 between the upper and lower bearing plates of the photovoltaic block, outward extension length h2 below the lower bearing plate of the side block, and diameter d of the bolt hole on the photovoltaic block.

[0088] (3) Supplement with finite element analysis if necessary.

[0089] As a further implementation, in step S3, when installing photovoltaic panels using the selected clamping connectors, U-bolt clamping connectors should be used for installation in high shape factor areas to ensure a more secure connection between the photovoltaic panel and the support. Rubber gaskets or sealant should be added between the photovoltaic panel and the clamping block to improve the sealing and cushioning performance of the connection, reducing vibration and friction under wind load. For installation in medium and low shape factor areas, standard aluminum alloy clamping blocks with conventional straight bolt connections should be used (U-bolt clamping blocks can be used when wind load is high). The installation accuracy of the connectors should be strictly controlled to ensure reliable connection. After installation, the secure installation of the photovoltaic panels must be checked to ensure there is no loosening.

[0090] As a specific implementation method, the inspection and post-maintenance in step S4 specifically includes:

[0091] Use a torque wrench to inspect all clamping bolts and nuts. For other connectors, randomly inspect at least 5% of the total connectors in each area, and the torque deviation should not exceed ±10% of the design value. Visually inspect the photovoltaic panel surface for hidden cracks or deformation, and the frame for obvious scratches or corrosion, especially at the contact points with the clamping blocks. Any loose or missed bolts should be tightened immediately to the designed torque value; photovoltaic panels and connectors with cracks or deformation must be replaced promptly.

[0092] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0093] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, characterized in that, include: Based on the local shape coefficient table of wind load and the target design drawings, the local shape coefficient area of ​​wind load is divided to determine the distribution area of ​​multi-level shape coefficient; The multi-level shape coefficient distribution area is determined by the value of the local shape coefficient corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation location; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution area includes a high shape coefficient area, a medium shape coefficient area, and a low shape coefficient area; The wind load on the ballast is determined based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula. Select the appropriate photovoltaic pressure block connector according to the wind load capacity of the pressure block and install it; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with high shape coefficient, use the U-bolt pressure block connection method, and add a rubber gasket or sealant between the photovoltaic panel and the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with medium and low shape coefficient, use the standard aluminum alloy pressure block connector with conventional straight bolt connection. Inspect all bolts and nuts of the pressure block connectors, and conduct random inspections of other connectors besides bolts and nuts. Adjust or replace any unqualified connectors. The number of connectors inspected in each area shall not be less than 5% of the total number of connectors in that area, and the torque value deviation shall not exceed ±10% of the design value.

2. The photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves dividing the local shape coefficient areas based on the wind load local shape coefficient table and the target design drawings, and determining the distribution areas of multi-level shape coefficients. Specifically, this includes: Obtain the photovoltaic panel dimensions based on the target design drawings; Based on the photovoltaic panel dimensions, and according to the wind load local shape coefficient table in the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures", the areas where the photovoltaic panels are located at different positions of the offshore photovoltaic support are divided into wind load local shape coefficient areas, and the local shape coefficient value corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation position is determined. The level is determined based on the local body shape coefficient value, resulting in a multi-level body shape coefficient distribution area.

3. The photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the wind load on the ballast block based on the local shape coefficient of wind load and the wind load calculation formula specifically includes: Based on the natural wind environment data of the area where the photovoltaic support is located, determine the benchmark wind speed of the target area; Calculate the basic wind pressure based on the aforementioned reference wind speed; The wind load of a single photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load, the basic wind pressure, and the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel. Then, the wind load of each pressure block is determined based on the wind load and the number of pressure blocks used to fix a single photovoltaic panel.

4. The photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the wind load on a single photovoltaic panel is as follows: F0=w k A Among them, w k The wind pressure for a single photovoltaic panel. μ is the gust coefficient at height z. si The local shape factor for wind load; μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient; w0 is the basic wind pressure; A is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel; F0 is the wind load on a single photovoltaic panel.

5. The photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting a suitable photovoltaic pressure block connector based on the wind load of the pressure block specifically includes: Based on the comparison between the wind load of the pressure block and the corresponding multi-level shape coefficient distribution area threshold, a pressure block connector that meets the bearing capacity requirements is selected. When the briquettes lack corresponding performance parameters, finite element analysis is used for verification.

6. A photovoltaic panel installation system based on the local shape coefficient of wind load, characterized in that, include: The region division unit is used to divide the wind load local shape coefficient region according to the wind load local shape coefficient table and the target design drawings, and determine the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region is determined by the value of the local shape coefficient corresponding to each photovoltaic panel installation position; the multi-level shape coefficient distribution region includes high shape coefficient region, medium shape coefficient region and low shape coefficient region; The wind load calculation unit is used to determine the wind load on the ballast based on the local shape coefficient of the wind load and the wind load calculation formula. The connector selection unit is used to select and install suitable photovoltaic pressure block connectors according to the wind load of the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with high shape coefficient, a U-bolt pressure block connection installation method is used, and a rubber gasket or sealant is added between the photovoltaic panel and the pressure block; when installing photovoltaic panels in areas with medium and low shape coefficient, standard aluminum alloy pressure block parts with conventional straight bolt connections are used. The inspection unit is used to inspect the bolts and nuts of all pressure block connectors, and to conduct random inspections of other connectors besides bolts and nuts, adjusting or replacing any unqualified connectors; the number of connectors inspected in each area shall not be less than 5% of the total number of connectors in the area, and the torque value deviation shall not exceed ±10% of the design value.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the photovoltaic panel installation method based on the local shape coefficient of wind load as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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