Crop rotation method for camelina sativa

Abstract

The invention provides a crop rotation method for camelina sativa, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. A planting area is divided into an area A and an area B; in the first year, spring sowing is conducted from late March to early April, camelina sativa is planted in the area A, and sunflowers are planted in the area B; autumn sowing is conducted from the middle ten days of September to the last ten days of September, sunflowers are planted in the area A, and camelina sativa is planted in the area In the second year, spring sowing is conducted from late March to early April, camelina sativa is planted in the region B, and sunflowers are planted in the region A; autumn sowing is conducted from the middle ten days of September to the last ten days of September, camelina sativa is planted in the area A, and sunflowers are planted in the area In the third year, spring sowing is conducted from the first ten days of June to the last ten days of June, and soybeans are planted in the area A and the area B; autumn sowing is conducted from the middle ten days of September to the last ten days of September, camelina sativa is planted in the area A, and sunflowers are planted in the area Crop rotation crops are scientifically matched, the problems of soil nutrient imbalance and pathogenic bacterium accumulation caused by continuous cropping of the camelina sativa are avoided, the soil microenvironment where the camelina sativa grows is improved, and the camelina sativa yield is increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for rotation of lepidium campestre. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lepidium campestre (L.) Crantz is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Cruciferae, and at present, lepidium campestre cultivated is divided into two categories of spring sowing type and autumn sowing type. Camelina sativa Generally, spring sowing is carried out in March to April every year, and autumn sowing is carried out in September to October every year, the spring sowing type is not suitable for late sowing, and the autumn sowing type is not suitable for early sowing, otherwise, diseases and weed damage will occur.

[0003] The seed yield of lepidium campestre is 600-3960 kg / hm 2 , the average yield is 1 700 kg / hm 2 , and the thousand seed weight is 1.25 g. The plant height is 30-120 cm, the average height is 92.4 cm, and the growth period is about 90 d. The oil content of lepidium campestre seeds in different environments ranges from 30% to 43%, the crude protein content of lepidium campestre seeds is 25%-45%, and in addition, lepidium campestre is also rich in vitamins, polar phenolic compounds and sterol substances. Lepidium campestre oil contains up to 90% of various health beneficial unsaturated fatty acids. Lepidium campestre is a low-input and adversity-resistant oil crop, and lepidium campestre is drought and cold resistant and can grow well in relatively dry and cold environments, and the requirements for water and fertilizer are relatively low, and during the growth of lepidium campestre, insect pests rarely occur.

[0004] The outstanding advantage of lepidium campestre seed oil is that it contains various unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid) beneficial to human body, and the content of a-linolenic acid (omega-3 fatty acid) accounts for 28%-43% of the total fatty acid content. Moreover, a large amount of long-chain fatty acids, C20:1, are contained, and the content of C20:1 is >10%. Lepidium campestre oil also contains various lipid active ingredients such as sterols (1-5 g / kg), polyphenols (120-400 mg / kg) and tocopherols (700 mg / kg). It is these chemical components that increase the stability and biological activity of lepidium campestre oil, so that the oxidation stability of lepidium campestre oil is higher than that of flaxseed oil and fish oil which are also rich in a-linolenic acid. Therefore, the method for rotation of lepidium campestre is provided, the yield of lepidium campestre is improved, and the development of characteristic agriculture is promoted. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for rotation of lepidium campestre to improve the yield of lepidium campestre.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A method for rotation of lepidium campestre, comprising the following steps The planting area is divided into A area and B area; In the first year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and camline is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and sunflower is planted in A area, and camline is planted in B area; In the second year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and camline is planted in B area, and sunflower is planted in A area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and camline is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area; In the third year, spring sowing is carried out from early June to late June, and soybean is planted in A area and B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and camline is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area.

[0007] Preferably, camline is sown in rows with a row spacing of 15-25 cm, a plant spacing of 3-5 cm, and a sowing depth of 2-3 cm; the sowing amount is 0.8-1.2 kg / acre, and the seedling protection amount is 0.4-0.6 million plants / acre.

[0008] Preferably, sunflower is sown in rows with a row spacing of 50-60 cm, a plant spacing of 25-30 cm, a sowing depth of 3-5 cm, and a sowing amount of 0.4-0.6 kg / acre.

[0009] Preferably, soybean is sown in rows with a row spacing of 35-45 cm, a plant spacing of 7-9 cm, a sowing depth of 3-5 cm, and a sowing amount of 4.5-5.5 kg / acre.

[0010] Preferably, the spring sowing is carried out when the daily average temperature is stable at 5°C or above.

[0011] Preferably, the autumn sowing is carried out when the air temperature is greater than or equal to -10°C.

[0012] Preferably, the sowing is carried out using a seed sowing device; the seed sowing device comprises a handle 1, a seed box 2, a plant spacing control rod 3, a row spacing control rod 4, a seed release cylinder 5, and a depth control rod 6. The handle 1 is fixedly installed above the seed box 2. The seed box 2 is connected with the seed release cylinder 5 at the bottom, and the seed release cylinder 5 is in communication with the seed box 2. The depth control rod 6 is movably penetrated through the shaft center of the seed box 2. The left and right sides of the seed box 2 are respectively connected with the two row spacing control rods 4 through angle adjusting assemblies. One side of the seed box 2 is connected with the plant spacing control rod 3 through an angle adjusting assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the row spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the row spacing control rod 4; the plant spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the plant spacing control rod 3.

[0014] Preferably, the seed box 2 is provided with a sealing piece at the joint with the seed release cylinder 5, the sealing piece is connected with the knob 7, and the seeds in the seed box 2 can be controlled to fall into the seed release cylinder 5 by rotating the knob 7.

[0015] Preferably, the seed release cylinder 5 is provided with scale lines, and the seeding depth is controlled by pulling the depth control rod 6 to a specific scale line during seeding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a method for rape seed rotation, which effectively avoids the problems of soil nutrient imbalance and pathogenic bacteria accumulation caused by rape seed continuous cropping by scientifically matching the rotation crops, improves the soil microenvironment for rape seed growth, promotes root development and nutrient absorption, increases rape seed yield, and significantly optimizes seed plumpness and quality. Different crops in the rotation system have different root depths and nutrient requirements, which can balance the utilization of different soil layers and reduce the overconsumption of specific nutrients by a single crop; at the same time, leguminous crops and other associated rotation crops can fix nitrogen and improve soil organic matter content and fertility, reducing the dependence on chemical fertilizers and realizing sustainable recycling of soil resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A seed sowing device is provided. Figure 2 A seed sowing device is provided. Figure 3 A seed sowing device is provided. Figure 4 A seed sowing device is provided. In the figure: 1, handle; 2, seed box; 3, plant spacing control rod; 4, row spacing control rod; 5, seed release cylinder; 6, depth control rod; 7, knob; 51, seed outlet; 61, depth control plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application provides a method for rape seed rotation, which includes the following steps: dividing the planting area into A area and B area; in the first year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, rape seeds are planted in the A area, and sunflowers are planted in the B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, sunflowers are planted in the A area, and rape seeds are planted in the B area; in the second year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, rape seeds are planted in the B area, and sunflowers are planted in the A area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, rape seeds are planted in the A area, and sunflowers are planted in the B area; in the third year, spring sowing is carried out from early June to late June, soybeans are planted in both the A area and the B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, rape seeds are planted in the A area, and sunflowers are planted in the B area (as shown in Table 1).

[0019] Table 1 planting method

[0020] Camelina is a cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, short growth period cruciferous oil crop, and the demand for phosphorus, potassium, boron and other nutrients is stable, and continuous cropping will continuously consume such nutrients, leading to imbalance of nutrient proportion in the soil, and continuous cropping will also lead to accumulation of rhizosphere pathogens of camelina.

[0021] The spring sowing is preferably sowing when the daily average temperature is stable at 5 DEG C or higher, and the autumn sowing is preferably sowing when the air temperature is greater than or equal to -10 DEG C during the growth period of the crop.

[0022] In the present application, the camelina is strip sowing, and the row spacing is preferably 15-25 cm, more preferably 20 cm; the plant spacing is preferably 3-5 cm, more preferably 4 cm; the sowing depth is preferably 2-3 cm, more preferably 2.5 cm; the sowing amount is preferably 0.8-1.2 kg / mu, more preferably 1 kg / mu; preferably, the spring sowing is to keep 4-5 million seedlings per mu, and the autumn sowing is to keep 5-6 million seedlings per mu. The sunflower is strip sowing, and the row spacing is preferably 50-60 cm, more preferably 55 cm; the plant spacing is preferably 25-30 cm, more preferably 28 cm; the sowing depth is preferably 3-5 cm, more preferably 4 cm; the sowing amount is preferably 0.4-0.6 kg / mu, more preferably 0.5 kg / mu. The soybean is strip sowing, and the row spacing is preferably 35-45 cm, more preferably 40 cm; the plant spacing is preferably 7-9 cm, more preferably 8 cm; the sowing depth is preferably 3-5 cm, more preferably 4 cm; the sowing amount is preferably 4.5-5.5 kg / mu, more preferably 5 kg / mu.

[0023] In the present application, the strip sowing is preferably sowing by using a seed sowing device; the seed sowing device comprises a handle 1, a seed box 2, a plant spacing control rod 3, a row spacing control rod 4, a seed release cylinder 5 and a depth control rod 6; the handle 1 is fixedly installed above the seed box 2; the seed release cylinder 5 is connected to the bottom of the seed box 2, and the seed release cylinder 5 is in communication with the seed box 2; the depth control rod 6 is penetrated through the shaft center of the seed box 2; the left and right sides of the seed box 2 are respectively connected with two row spacing control rods 4 through angle adjusting assemblies; one side of the seed box 2 is connected with the plant spacing control rod 3 through an angle adjusting assembly.

[0024] In the application, the row spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the row spacing control lever 4, and the plant spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the plant spacing control lever 3. The application is connected with the angle adjusting assembly, and the angle of the row spacing control lever 4 and the plant spacing control lever 3 can be adjusted to change the seed dropping spacing (row spacing / plant spacing) during sowing, which is matched with the ditching and soil covering structure at the bottom to realize the accurate sowing of different crops.

[0025] In the application, the joint between the seed box 2 and the seed release cylinder 5 is provided with a sealing piece, the sealing piece is connected with the knob 7, the seeds in the seed box 2 can be controlled to fall into the seed release cylinder 5 by rotating the knob 7, and the sealing piece is reset by rotating the knob 7 again after sowing to avoid the falling of extra seeds.

[0026] In the application, the seed release cylinder 5 is provided with a scale line, and the sowing depth can be controlled by pulling the depth control lever 6 to a specific scale line during sowing.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the application will be described in detail in combination with the embodiments below, but they cannot be understood as limitations on the protection scope of the application.

[0028] Embodiment 1 A seed sowing device.

[0029] The seed sowing device comprises a handle 1, a seed box 2, a plant spacing control lever 3, a row spacing control lever 4, a seed release cylinder 5 and a depth control lever 6, the handle 1 is fixedly installed above the seed box 2, the seed box 2 is connected with the seed release cylinder 5 at the bottom, the seed release cylinder 5 is communicated with the seed box 2, the seed box 2 is penetrated by the movable depth control lever 6 at the shaft center, the seed box 2 is connected with the two row spacing control levers 4 through the angle adjusting assemblies at the left and right sides respectively, and the seed box 2 is connected with the plant spacing control lever 3 through the angle adjusting assembly at one side.

[0030] The row spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the row spacing control lever 4, and the plant spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the plant spacing control lever 3.

[0031] The joint between the seed box 2 and the seed release cylinder 5 is provided with a sealing piece, the sealing piece is connected with the knob 7, and the seeds in the seed box 2 can be controlled to fall into the seed release cylinder 5 by rotating the knob 7.

[0032] The seed release cylinder 5 is provided with a scale line, and the sowing depth can be controlled by pulling the depth control lever 6 to a specific scale line during sowing.

[0033] Embodiment 2 A method for rape rotation, steps as follows: The seed sowing device of example 1 is used for sowing.

[0034] The planting area is divided into A area and B area; In the first year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and rape is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and sunflower is planted in A area, and rape is planted in B area; In the second year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and rape is planted in B area, and sunflower is planted in A area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and rape is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area; In the third year, spring sowing is carried out from early June to late June, and soybean is planted in A area and B area; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and rape is planted in A area, and sunflower is planted in B area.

[0035] Among them, the air temperature is greater than or equal to-10℃ during autumn sowing.

[0036] Rape is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 20cm, a plant spacing of 4cm, and a sowing depth of 3cm; the sowing amount is 1kg / acre, and the spring sowing seedling protection is 400,000 plants / acre, and the autumn sowing seedling protection is 600,000 plants / acre.

[0037] Sunflower is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 55cm, a plant spacing of 30cm, a sowing depth of 4cm, and a sowing amount of 0.5kg / acre.

[0038] Soybean is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 40cm, a plant spacing of 8cm, a sowing depth of 4cm, and a sowing amount of 5kg / acre.

[0039] Example 3 A method for rape rotation, which is different from example 2 in that: Rape is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 15cm, a plant spacing of 5cm, and a sowing depth of 3cm; the sowing amount is 0.8kg / acre, and the spring sowing seedling protection is 500,000 plants / acre, and the autumn sowing seedling protection is 500,000 plants / acre.

[0040] Sunflower is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 50cm, a plant spacing of 30cm, a sowing depth of 3cm, and a sowing amount of 0.4kg / acre.

[0041] Soybean is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 35cm, a plant spacing of 9cm, a sowing depth of 5cm, and a sowing amount of 4.8kg / acre.

[0042] Example 4 A method for rape rotation, which is different from example 2 in that: Rape is sown in strips, with a row spacing of 25cm, a plant spacing of 3cm, and a sowing depth of 2cm; the sowing amount is 1.2kg / acre, and the spring sowing seedling protection is 400,000 plants / acre, and the autumn sowing seedling protection is 600,000 plants / acre.

[0043] Sunflower is sowed in rows with a distance of 60 cm and a plant distance of 25 cm, and the sowing depth is 5 cm and the sowing amount is 0.6 kg / mu.

[0044] Soybean is sowed in rows with a distance of 45 cm and a plant distance of 7 cm, and the sowing depth is 3 cm and the sowing amount is 5.2 kg / mu.

[0045] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 2 is that: The planting area is not divided, and only the comfrey is planted.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 2 is that: The planting area is not divided, and only the sunflower is planted.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 2 is that: The planting area is not divided, and only the soybean is planted.

[0048] Example 5 Effects of different planting methods.

[0049] In Dongyang Town, Yuci District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, the methods of Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are adopted respectively for planting, and the yield is counted after continuous planting for three years. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2 Crop yield (kg / mu) of different planting methods

[0051] According to the results in Table 2, it can be seen that the method of the present application can effectively improve the yield of comfrey, sunflower and soybean, reduce the dependence on chemical fertilizer application, and realize the sustainable recycling of soil resources.

[0052] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of com rotation, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps Divide the planting area into A and B areas; In the first year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and in A area, comfrey is planted, and in B area, sunflower is planted; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and in A area, sunflower is planted, and in B area, comfrey is planted; In the second year, spring sowing is carried out from late March to early April, and in B area, comfrey is planted, and in A area, sunflower is planted; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and in A area, comfrey is planted, and in B area, sunflower is planted; In the third year, spring sowing is carried out from early June to late June, and in A and B areas, soybean is planted; autumn sowing is carried out from mid-September to late September, and in A area, comfrey is planted, and in B area, sunflower is planted.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Comfrey is sown in rows with a row spacing of 15-25 cm and a plant spacing of 3-5 cm, and the sowing depth is 2-3 cm; the sowing amount is 0.8-1.2 kg / mu, and the seedling protection is 40-60 million plants / mu.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Sunflower is sown in rows with a row spacing of 50-60 cm and a plant spacing of 25-30 cm, and the sowing depth is 3-5 cm, and the sowing amount is 0.4-0.6 kg / mu.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Soybean is sown in rows with a row spacing of 35-45 cm and a plant spacing of 7-9 cm, and the sowing depth is 3-5 cm, and the sowing amount is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The spring sowing is carried out when the daily average temperature is stable at 5℃ or above.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The autumn sowing is carried out when the air temperature is ≥-10℃.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The sowing is carried out using a seed sowing device; the seed sowing device comprises a handle (1), a seed box (2), a plant spacing control rod (3), a row spacing control rod (4), a seed release cylinder (5), and a depth control rod (6); The handle (1) is fixedly installed above the seed box (2); The seed box (2) is connected with the seed release cylinder (5) at the bottom, and the seed release cylinder (5) is in communication with the seed box (2); The depth control rod (6) is movably penetrated through the shaft center of the seed box (2); The seed box (2) is connected with the two row spacing control rods (4) through angle adjusting assemblies on the left and right sides, respectively; The seed box (2) is connected with the plant spacing control rod (3) through an angle adjusting assembly on one side.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The row spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the row spacing control rod (4); the plant spacing during sowing can be changed by adjusting the angle of the plant spacing control rod (3).

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, A sealing piece is arranged at the joint of the seed box (2) and the seed release cylinder (5), the sealing piece is connected with a knob (7), and the seeds in the seed box (2) can be controlled to fall into the seed release cylinder (5) by rotating the knob (7).

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, The seed release cylinder (5) is provided with a scale line, and the sowing depth can be controlled by pulling the depth control rod (6) to a specific scale line during sowing.

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