Flue-cured tobacco and soybean interplanting method

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method for interplanting flue-cured tobacco and soybeans, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting. The planting method for interplanting the flue-cured tobaccos and the soybeans comprises the following steps: (1) ridging and ditching, and transplanting the flue-cured tobaccos; (2) when the flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, selecting a dwarf shade-tolerant early-maturing soybean variety, and performing double-row sowing at furrows; (3) after the soybeans are planted, no extra exogenous fertilizer needs to be applied, and all agronomic measures refer to local field conventional operation. According to the planting method for interplanting the flue-cured tobacco and the soybeans, continuous cropping obstacles of the tobacco can be relieved, soil-borne diseases are reduced, and the tobacco quality and the comprehensive benefits of tobacco fields are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco cultivation, and more particularly to a method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern science and technology and the continuous improvement of flue-cured tobacco curing techniques, people are paying increasing attention to the impact of tobacco agricultural production on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Due to constraints such as limited arable land, economic incentives, and planting conditions, tobacco farmers have long been accustomed to a monoculture model of flue-cured tobacco, resulting in low multiple cropping indices, low land productivity, and low overall economic benefits. Furthermore, in most tobacco-growing areas, long-term continuous cropping has led to a decline in soil quality, increased soil-borne diseases in tobacco leaves, and reduced yield and quality. Moreover, long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco causes soil nutrient imbalance, deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, and the accumulation of root exudates leading to autotoxicity, seriously affecting the yield, quality, and sustainable production of tobacco leaves. How to solve the problems of continuous cropping obstacles in tobacco agricultural production has become a major issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] This invention provides a method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans, comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) After plowing the tobacco field, apply base fertilizer, ridge, open furrow, cover with film, and transplant flue-cured tobacco. Transplant one row of flue-cured tobacco on each planting ridge with a row spacing of 120cm and a plant spacing of 55cm.

[0006] The tobacco planting ridges are 20-25cm high, 35-40cm wide at the top, and 50-60cm wide at the bottom. The distance between two adjacent tobacco planting ridges is 110-120cm.

[0007] (2) At the same time as transplanting flue-cured tobacco, select short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties and sow them in double rows in the furrows, with a row spacing of 30-35cm and a planting hole spacing of 20-24cm.

[0008] Preferably, the short-stemmed, shade-tolerant early-maturing soybean varieties include Zhongdou 68 or Edou 10.

[0009] Preferably, the planting density of the flue-cured tobacco is 1000-1200 plants / mu.

[0010] Preferably, the season for transplanting flue-cured tobacco is from April 15 to May 25.

[0011] Preferably, the base fertilizer is a 4-5-12 compound fertilizer, and the application rate is 140-160 kg / mu.

[0012] Preferably, the horizontal spacing between the flue-cured tobacco and soybeans is 40-45 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the flue-cured tobacco varieties include HB2118 or Yunyan 87.

[0014] Preferably, the tobacco field is located at an altitude of 800–900m.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The planting method of intercropping flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to the present invention includes the following steps: (1) ridging and furrowing, and transplanting flue-cured tobacco; (2) 1-3 days before and after the tobacco transplanting, selecting short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties, and sowing in three rows at the ridges and furrows; other agronomic measures refer to the conventional operations of local farmers. The planting method of intercropping flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to the present invention can alleviate the obstacles of continuous tobacco cropping, reduce soil-borne diseases, and improve the quality of tobacco and the overall income of tobacco fields. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans, the steps of which are as follows:

[0020] (1) Apply 4-5-12 compound fertilizer to the tobacco field at a rate of 140 kg / mu. After plowing, make ridges and ditches. The tobacco planting ridges should be 20 cm high, 35 cm wide at the top, and 50 cm wide at the bottom. The distance between two adjacent tobacco planting ridges should be 120 cm. Transplant the flue-cured tobacco, one row per planting ridge, with a plant spacing of 55 cm.

[0021] (2) At the same time as transplanting flue-cured tobacco, select short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties and sow them in double rows in the furrows. The row spacing of soybeans is 35cm and the spacing of sowing holes is 20cm. The horizontal distance between soybeans and flue-cured tobacco is 40cm. Other agronomic measures should refer to the routine operations of local farmers.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] A planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans, the steps of which are as follows:

[0024] (1) Apply 4-5-12 compound fertilizer to the tobacco field at a rate of 150 kg / mu. After plowing, make ridges and ditches. The tobacco planting ridges should be 23 cm high, 37 cm wide at the top, and 55 cm wide at the bottom. The distance between two adjacent tobacco planting ridges should be 120 cm. Transplant the flue-cured tobacco, one row per planting ridge, with a plant spacing of 55 cm.

[0025] (2) When transplanting soybeans, select short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties and sow them in double rows in the furrows. The row spacing for soybeans is 32cm and the spacing between sowing holes is 22cm. The horizontal distance between soybeans and flue-cured tobacco is 42cm. Other agronomic measures should refer to the routine operations of local farmers.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] A planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans, the steps of which are as follows:

[0028] (1) Apply 4-5-12 compound fertilizer to the tobacco field at a rate of 160 kg / mu. After plowing, make ridges and ditches. The tobacco planting ridges should be 25 cm high, 40 cm wide at the top, and 60 cm wide at the bottom. The distance between two adjacent tobacco planting ridges should be 120 cm. Transplant the flue-cured tobacco, one row per planting ridge, with a plant spacing of 55 cm.

[0029] (2) When transplanting soybeans, select short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties and sow them in double rows in the furrows. The row spacing for soybeans is 30 cm and the spacing between sowing holes is 24 cm. The horizontal distance between soybeans and flue-cured tobacco is 45 cm. Other agronomic measures should refer to the routine operations of local farmers.

[0030] Comparative Example 1

[0031] Unlike Example 1, soybeans are not intercropped in the planting furrow.

[0032] Experimental Example

[0033] The experiment was conducted in 2024 in a tobacco field in Shima Village, Jiaoyuan Town, Xuan'en County, Enshi Prefecture, at an altitude of 850m. The tested flue-cured tobacco variety was HB2118 and the soybean variety was Zhongdou 68. The experiment employed a completely randomized experimental design with three replicates, and each plot was 667m in size. 2 Intercropping was carried out according to the methods described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, respectively. Flue-cured tobacco was transplanted on April 25th, and the planting density of flue-cured tobacco in each plot was between 1000 and 1200 plants / mu. The incidence of bacterial wilt in flue-cured tobacco was counted at the tobacco maturity stage, and the yields of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans and the overall economic benefits were also counted. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0034] Table 1. Incidence of bacterial wilt in flue-cured tobacco in each group

[0035] Group Incidence rate of bacterial wilt (%) Example 1 2.6 Example 2 3.1 Example 3 2.8 Comparative Example 4 8.6

[0036] As shown in Table 1, intercropping soybeans in flue-cured tobacco fields helps reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt in flue-cured tobacco, alleviates the obstacles of continuous tobacco cropping, and reduces soil-borne diseases.

[0037] Table 2. Tobacco and soybean yields in different groups

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] As shown in Table 2, the tobacco-soybean intercropping method of this embodiment improves the overall economic benefits of tobacco fields compared with tobacco planting alone, and is higher than that of the comparative example.

[0041] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans. The method of intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans of the present invention overcomes the obstacle of continuous tobacco cropping and improves the comprehensive benefits of tobacco varieties and tobacco fields.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco with soybeans, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After plowing the tobacco field, apply base fertilizer, ridge, open furrow, cover with film, and transplant flue-cured tobacco. Transplant one row of flue-cured tobacco on each planting ridge with a row spacing of 120cm and a plant spacing of 55cm. The tobacco planting ridges are 20-25cm high, 35-40cm wide at the top, and 50-60cm wide at the bottom. The distance between two adjacent tobacco planting ridges is 110-120cm. (2) At the same time as transplanting flue-cured tobacco, select short-stalked, shade-tolerant, early-maturing soybean varieties and sow them in double rows in the furrows, with a row spacing of 30-35cm and a planting hole spacing of 20-24cm.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-stemmed, shade-tolerant early-maturing soybean varieties include Zhongdou 68 or Edou 10.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting density of the flue-cured tobacco is 1000-1200 plants per mu.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tobacco transplanting season is from April 15 to May 25.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before planting flue-cured tobacco, the base fertilizer is 4-5-12 compound fertilizer, and the application rate is 140-160 kg / mu.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal spacing between the flue-cured tobacco and soybeans is 40-45 cm.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The varieties of flue-cured tobacco include HB2118 or Yunyan 87.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tobacco fields are located at an altitude of 800–900 meters.

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