Method for smelting ferrovanadium by using ball-milled iron particles

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for smelting ferrovanadium by using ball-milled iron particles, which comprises the following steps: using the ball-milled iron particles as a constituent part of an iron-containing raw material for ferrovanadium smelting, determining the dosage proportion of the ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material according to the variety and quality requirements of target ferrovanadium, and controlling the dosage proportion of the ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material relative to the condition that all the iron-containing raw materials are steel cuttings. The batching coefficient of the reducing agent is increased in the batching process. According to the method, iron particles generated in the vanadium slag ball milling process directly replace steel cuttings to be used in ferrovanadium smelting, and the actual problem that the production cost is high when ferrovanadium is smelted through the steel cuttings is effectively solved; and meanwhile, the problems of long smelting conduction time, high aluminum consumption, low vanadium yield, unstable ferrovanadium product quality, low steel returning price of the ball-milled iron particles and the like in the smelting process due to the adoption of the ball-milled iron particles for producing ferrovanadium are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vanadium metallurgy, and more particularly to a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic and foreign ferrovanadium manufacturers typically use high-quality auxiliary materials such as steel scrap as a supplement to the iron content in ferrovanadium (medium ferrovanadium, high ferrovanadium, and other ferrovanadium with different proportions) during the smelting process. Depending on the type, the amount of steel scrap added varies from 15% to 50% per ton of ferrovanadium. The market price of steel scrap is between 3,000 and 6,000 yuan per ton, which results in a relatively high production cost for ferrovanadium.

[0003] In view of this, improvements should be made to the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball-milled iron particles. This method directly replaces steel scrap with iron particles generated during the ball milling process of vanadium slag in the ferrovanadium smelting process, effectively solving the practical problem of high production costs caused by using steel scrap to smelt ferrovanadium. It also effectively solves the problems of long smelting power consumption time, high aluminum consumption, low vanadium yield, unstable ferrovanadium product quality, and low price of steel recycled from ball-milled iron particles in the ferrovanadium production process.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball-milled iron particles is provided, comprising using ball-milled iron particles as a component of iron-containing raw materials for ferrovanadium smelting, determining the proportion of ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw materials according to the type and quality requirements of the target ferrovanadium, and increasing the batching coefficient of the reducing agent during the batching process, relative to the case where the iron-containing raw materials are all steel scraps.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the target ferrovanadium is ordinary medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 100 wt%.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the target ferrovanadium is high-quality medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 20~60wt%.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the target ferrovanadium is a high-quality ferrovanadium other than medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 10~30wt%.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the increase in the reducing agent's formulation coefficient is 0.02 to 0.10.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reducing agent comprises aluminum granules.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reducing agent includes a silicon-aluminum composite reducing agent and / or aluminum-containing metal waste.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ball-milled iron particles are subjected to magnetic separation and sieving before the start of smelting to remove some non-metallic impurities.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the proportion of ball milled iron particles with a particle size range of 5~30mm is ≥90%.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, smelting is carried out using an electric arc furnace or a medium-frequency induction furnace smelting process.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball-milled iron particles, the iron particles produced during the ball milling of vanadium slag are directly used to replace steel scrap in the smelting of ferrovanadium. This effectively solves the practical problem of high production costs caused by using steel scrap to smelt ferrovanadium. It also effectively solves the problems of long smelting power supply time, high aluminum consumption, low vanadium yield, unstable ferrovanadium product quality, and low price of steel recycled from ball-milled iron particles in the smelting process of producing ferrovanadium. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation examples of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A process flow diagram of a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following detailed description of the embodiments is intended to exemplify the principles of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0019] These embodiments are provided to make this disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0020] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] It should also be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0022] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0023] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball-milled iron particles, which includes using ball-milled iron particles as a component of iron-containing raw materials for ferrovanadium smelting, determining the proportion of ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw materials according to the type and quality requirements of the target ferrovanadium, and increasing the batching coefficient of reducing agent during the batching process, relative to the case where the iron-containing raw materials are all steel scraps.

[0025] Specifically, the ball-milled iron particles are the iron particles produced during the ball milling process using vanadium slag.

[0026] The target ferrovanadium varieties include medium ferrovanadium, high ferrovanadium, and other ferrovanadium varieties with different proportions.

[0027] In the method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, the iron particles produced during the ball milling of vanadium slag are directly used to replace steel scrap in the smelting of ferrovanadium, which effectively solves the practical problem of high production costs caused by using steel scrap to smelt ferrovanadium. It also effectively solves the problems of long smelting power supply time, high aluminum consumption, low vanadium yield, unstable ferrovanadium product quality, and low price of steel recycled from ball milled iron particles in the smelting process of producing ferrovanadium.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, when the target ferrovanadium is ordinary medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 100 wt%.

[0029] Using 100wt% ball-milled iron particles as the iron-containing raw material for producing ordinary medium-vanadium ferrovanadium can significantly reduce raw material costs, as the cost of ball-milled iron particles is only 300 yuan / ton, far lower than the 3000-6000 yuan / ton cost of steel scrap, thus significantly improving production economics. Simultaneously, the 2-10% vanadium slag entrained in the ball-milled iron particles can be recovered through the process, directly increasing vanadium yield and vanadium resource utilization. Although the vanadium slag contains impurities and metallic elements, the problem of impurities affecting product quality can be effectively solved by adding reducing agents such as aluminum particles with a batching coefficient of 0.02-0.10, ensuring that the quality of ordinary medium-vanadium ferrovanadium meets standards. Furthermore, the appropriate supplementation of reducing agents can improve the slow melting speed caused by vanadium slag, reduce smelting power-on time, optimize the lean slag effect, and improve production efficiency. This scheme achieves secondary recovery of vanadium resources while controlling costs, balancing economic efficiency and resource utilization, and ensuring product quality stability through process adjustments, making it suitable for large-scale production of ordinary medium-vanadium ferrovanadium.

[0030] Common ferrovanadium includes: FeV50-B, FeV50-C and other ferrovanadiums below the FeV50-A standard mentioned in the national standard GB / T 4139-2012.

[0031] Specifically, the vanadium content in ordinary ferrovanadium is 48-55%, including, for example, FeV50-B and FeV50-C.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, when the target ferrovanadium is high-quality medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 20~60wt%.

[0033] High-quality ferrovanadium includes ferrovanadium that meets the FeV50-A standard as mentioned in the national standard GB / T 4139-2012.

[0034] For the production of high-quality ferrovanadium, using 20-60 wt% ball-milled iron particles as the iron-containing raw material can reduce raw material costs while ensuring high product quality. This 20-60 wt% proportion reduces the total amount of vanadium slag introduced into the ball-milled iron particles by 2-10%, minimizing the adverse effects of impurities on high-quality ferrovanadium and ensuring product purity meets standards. Simultaneously, by adding reducing agents such as aluminum particles with a batching coefficient of 0.02-0.10, the impurity problems and slow melting speed caused by vanadium slag can be specifically addressed, optimizing smelting reaction efficiency, reducing energizing time, and improving slag-lean effects. This proportion design achieves vanadium resource recovery from the vanadium slag in the ball-milled iron particles, increasing vanadium yield, while avoiding quality fluctuations caused by high proportion additions. It strikes a balance between cost control and quality assurance, making the production process more stable and controllable, suitable for the stringent purity and performance requirements of high-quality ferrovanadium, and balancing economic efficiency with product quality stability.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, when the target ferrovanadium is a high-quality ferrovanadium other than medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of ball milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 10~30wt%.

[0036] Other high-quality ferrovanadium includes: FeV60-A, FeV80-A and other ferrovanadium with different vanadium (V) content ranges mentioned in the national standard GB / T 4139-2012, whose properties meet the standards of FeV60-A or FeV80-A.

[0037] High-quality ferrovanadium also includes high-quality ferrovanadium customized according to other user needs.

[0038] Using 10-30 wt% ball-milled iron particles as the iron-containing raw material minimizes the impact of impurities on products requiring ultra-high purity, ensuring that the product meets high-quality standards. It also leverages the cost difference between ball-milled iron particles (300 RMB / ton) and steel scrap (3000-6000 RMB / ton) to reduce raw material costs and improve economic efficiency. Simultaneously, the addition of aluminum particles (0.02-0.10 batching coefficient) and other reducing agents effectively solves problems such as slow melting, long energizing time, and poor slag leaning caused by vanadium slag, ensuring smelting efficiency. The low-proportion design achieves vanadium resource recovery from vanadium slag to increase vanadium yield while avoiding quality fluctuations that may be caused by high-proportion additions. It balances strict control of impurity content with cost optimization, making the production process stable and controllable, meeting the stringent purity and performance requirements of other high-quality ferrovanadium products, and achieving a balance between quality and efficiency.

[0039] Vanadium slag contains a significant amount of other metals and impurities, which can enter the ferrovanadium alloy during the smelting process, directly affecting the quality of the ferrovanadium product. Furthermore, the presence of a large amount of vanadium slag slows down the melting rate during smelting, increases the smelting energization time and reduces the slag leaning effect, thus affecting the vanadium yield and many other issues in the ferrovanadium smelting process.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, the addition coefficient of the reducing agent is increased by 0.02~0.10. This range can specifically address the problem caused by 2~10% vanadium slag entrainment in ball milled iron particles. By precisely supplementing reducing agents such as aluminum particles, vanadium in the vanadium slag can be effectively reduced, improving vanadium yield. At the same time, it neutralizes the adverse effects of impurity metal elements on product quality, ensuring that the purity of ferrovanadium meets the standards. The coefficient design of 0.02~0.10 balances economy and reaction efficiency, avoiding problems such as insufficient reduction, slow melting speed, prolonged energizing time, and poor slag lean effect caused by too low a coefficient, while preventing the waste of reducing agent and the impact of excessive residue on product performance caused by too high a coefficient. This range can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual content of vanadium slag to ensure that the smelting reaction can be optimized under different substitution ratios, balancing impurity control and resource recovery, improving production stability, reducing costs while ensuring the quality of various ferrovanadium products, and achieving a synergistic improvement in economic benefits and product quality.

[0041] In the actual smelting process, the vanadium iron yield increased, the smelting power supply time did not change significantly, and the product quality could meet the requirements of the batching period. The comprehensive cost can be reduced by 550-2100 yuan / ton compared with using steel scrap.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the reducing agent includes aluminum granules. As a strong reducing agent, aluminum granules can efficiently reduce vanadium elements entrained in vanadium slag within ball milled iron particles, promoting vanadium resource recovery and increasing vanadium yield. Simultaneously, they can effectively neutralize impurities in the vanadium slag, reducing their adverse effects on the quality of ferrovanadium products. Aluminum granules have moderate chemical activity, allowing for a controllable reaction rate at smelting temperatures, preventing splashing or localized overheating in the reaction pool due to violent reactions, thus ensuring a stable smelting process. Furthermore, aluminum granules are widely available and relatively inexpensive, and the reaction product, alumina, easily enters the slag phase, facilitating separation from the ferrovanadium alloy, improving slag leanness, reducing smelting energization time, and increasing production efficiency. The addition of aluminum granules specifically addresses problems such as slow melting speed and incomplete reaction caused by the presence of vanadium slag, creating a synergistic effect with the use of ball milled iron particles. This reduces raw material costs while ensuring the quality of various ferrovanadium products meets standards, balancing economic efficiency and process stability.

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, the reducing agent includes a silicon-aluminum composite reducing agent and / or aluminum-containing metal waste. In the silicon-aluminum composite reducing agent, silicon and aluminum work synergistically, allowing for adjustment of the reduction intensity according to the needs of each smelting stage. Silicon preferentially reduces some metal oxides, while aluminum enhances the deep reduction of vanadium in the vanadium slag, improving reduction efficiency and vanadium yield. The use of aluminum-containing metal waste reduces the cost of the reducing agent, enabling resource recycling. Simultaneously, its multi-metal content optimizes reaction flowability and improves reaction kinetics. Both types of reducing agents effectively neutralize impurities in the vanadium slag, reducing the impact on ferrovanadium quality. Furthermore, the reaction products easily form a low-melting-point slag phase, accelerating the melting process, shortening the energizing time, and improving the lean slag effect. This design balances reduction efficiency and economy, adapting to smelting needs with different proportions of ball milled iron particles. While ensuring product quality, it further reduces production costs and enhances process flexibility and environmental friendliness.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the ball-milled iron particles undergo magnetic separation and sieving before smelting to remove some non-metallic impurities. Magnetic separation can specifically separate non-metallic impurities such as sand and silicates mixed in the iron particles, reducing the total amount they bring into the smelting system and minimizing the impact of impurities on the purity of ferrovanadium products, which is especially crucial for the quality control of high-quality ferrovanadium. After removing non-metallic impurities, the effective iron content of the ball-milled iron particles is increased, which can optimize the accuracy of raw material proportioning, reduce ineffective smelting load, and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the reduction of impurities can improve reaction fluidity, avoid the problem of incomplete local reactions caused by impurity particles hindering heat and mass transfer, accelerate the melting rate, shorten the energizing time, and improve the slag leaning effect. Magnetic separation treatment can also reduce the pressure of reducing agent consumption in subsequent smelting, reduce the amount of reducing agent required due to excessive impurities, and further control costs.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, the proportion of ball-milled iron particles with a particle size range of 5-30 mm is ≥90%. This particle size range can increase the specific surface area of ​​iron particles, improve the contact efficiency with other raw materials, accelerate heat and mass transfer during the smelting process, shorten melting time, and reduce power consumption. The 5-30 mm particle size has good uniformity, avoiding uneven reaction caused by fine powder agglomeration or large particle accumulation, allowing the reducing agent to fully contact the iron particles and entrained vanadium slag, thus improving the reduction efficiency and recovery rate of vanadium. Simultaneously, the appropriate particle size can optimize the raw material bulk density, improve furnace charge permeability, reduce gas entrainment during the smelting process, reduce the risk of impurity introduction, and ensure the purity of ferrovanadium products. This particle size range facilitates screening, effectively removing ultra-coarse impurity particles and excessively fine dust, further improving the cleanliness of the raw materials.

[0046] Based on the above embodiments, smelting is carried out using an electric arc furnace or a medium-frequency induction furnace smelting process.

[0047] Electric arc furnaces can provide a high-intensity heat source, which can quickly increase the reaction temperature and adapt to the high-temperature conditions required for melting vanadium slag in ball milled iron particles, ensuring a full reaction when smelting high proportions of ball milled iron particles; medium-frequency induction furnaces have the advantages of uniform heating and precise temperature control, making them suitable for the stringent requirements of impurity control when smelting low proportions of ball milled iron particles.

[0048] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. The order of the disclosed embodiments is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. However, it should be noted that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosed embodiments of this invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milling of iron particles, characterized in that, This includes using spherical iron particles as a component of iron-containing raw materials for ferrovanadium smelting, determining the proportion of the spherical iron particles in the iron-containing raw materials according to the type and quality requirements of the target ferrovanadium, and increasing the batching coefficient of the reducing agent during the batching process, relative to the case where the iron-containing raw materials are all steel scraps.

2. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the target ferrovanadium is ordinary medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of the ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 100 wt%.

3. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the target ferrovanadium is high-quality medium-vanadium ferrovanadium, the proportion of the ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 20~60wt%.

4. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the target ferrovanadium is a high-quality ferrovanadium other than medium ferrovanadium, the proportion of the ball-milled iron particles in the iron-containing raw material is 10~30wt%.

5. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The increase in the ratio of the reducing agent to the batching coefficient is 0.02 to 0.

10.

6. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reducing agent includes aluminum particles.

7. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reducing agent includes a silicon-aluminum composite reducing agent and / or aluminum-containing metal waste.

8. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball milled iron particles are subjected to magnetic separation and sieving before smelting to remove some non-metallic impurities.

9. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proportion of the ball mill iron particles with a particle size range of 5~30mm is ≥90%.

10. The method for smelting ferrovanadium using ball milled iron particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smelting process is carried out using an electric arc furnace or a medium-frequency induction furnace.

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