Reservoir bank rock pollutant in-situ sampling device and method

Abstract

The reservoir bank rock pollutant in-situ sampling device comprises a sampling barrel, a first sealing ring is arranged at the lower end of the sampling barrel, a partition plate and a filter plate are arranged in the sampling barrel, a water inlet pipe, a water pumping pipe and a plurality of sampling pipes are arranged in the sampling barrel, and a water inlet pump, a water pump and a sampling pump are installed on the water inlet pipe, the water pumping pipe and the sampling pipes respectively. The upper end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water tank through a hose, the upper end of the sampling pipe is connected with a flexible sampling soft bottle, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged on the filter plate. The problems that traditional rock core drilling sampling is complicated, errors are large, and rock pollutant in-situ sampling equipment is not available are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of bank rock pollutant in-situ sampling device and method, belong to the sampling equipment and method field related to water environment monitoring, ecological environment protection. BACKGROUND

[0002] The bank rock as the rock slope of the reservoir bank is the core structural unit of the reservoir ecosystem, and is also the key active interface of water-land material exchange. The discontinuous structures such as cracks, joints, faults, pores and rough interfaces widely distributed in the bank rock provide natural physical channels for the exchange, aggregation, deposition and diffusion of water pollutants, making the bank rock become an important "sink" and "source" of pollutants in large dam reservoirs.

[0003] In the actual environment, various pollutants can be present in the bank rock through physical adsorption or chemical bonding: for example, various drugs and personal care products (PPCPs) are easy to adhere to the surface of the rock, and various representative microplastic particles have been detected in the rock cracks. These present pollutants pose significant ecological risks: when the environment in the reservoir area changes sharply (such as sudden rise of water level in the reservoir area, violent surface runoff impact or bank rock collapse), the pollutants will be released again and flow into the water body in the reservoir area, directly destroying the ecological balance of the water body; in addition, the pollutants can also exchange slowly with water microorganisms, shore aquatic and terrestrial plants, gradually magnifying through biological accumulation effect, posing a long-term hidden danger to the ecological safety of the reservoir area. Therefore, accurately grasping the pollution status of the bank rock, and clearly understanding the occurrence characteristics of pollutants in different regions, different rock types and different elevations, are the core prerequisites for ensuring the safety of the water environment in the reservoir area and carrying out ecological protection around the reservoir.

[0004] Currently, the sampling of pollutants in the bank rock mainly relies on core drilling method: different positions and depths of the bank rock core are drilled using high-power drilling machines, and the rock core is transported back to the laboratory, and then needs to go through multiple complicated steps such as physical crushing, chemical dissolution, washing and impurity removal, before the pollutants in the rock core can be extracted for analysis. This method has significant defects: first, the sampling period is long and the operation process is complex, which is easy to introduce exogenous impurities in the crushing, dissolution and other links, resulting in experimental errors; second, the engineering cost is high, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and a large amount of manpower and equipment is needed for single sampling, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-area and macro-sampling. Although portable small core drilling machines have appeared in recent years, which can shorten the core drilling time and reduce the operation difficulty, but still cannot avoid the long steps of subsequent physical crushing, chemical dissolution and washing and impurity removal, and the efficiency of macro-sampling is still low.

[0005] Up to now, there is no device and method that can realize in-situ extraction of reservoir bank rock mass pollutants in the industry, and the existing technology cannot break through the limitation of "sampling-treatment" separation, resulting in that the reservoir bank rock mass pollution investigation relies on sampling statistics of a small amount of samples, and the data is insufficient in representativeness and large in statistical deviation, which is difficult to support accurate ecological protection decision of reservoir bank. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problems of traditional core drilling sampling, large error and no in-situ sampling device of rock mass pollutants, the application provides a device and method for in-situ sampling of reservoir bank rock mass pollutants.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: A device for in-situ sampling of reservoir bank rock mass pollutants, comprising a sampling cylinder, a first sealing ring is arranged at the lower end of the sampling cylinder, a partition plate and a filter plate are arranged in the sampling cylinder, a water inlet pipe, a water pumping pipe and a plurality of sampling pipes are arranged in the sampling cylinder, a water inlet pump, a water pumping pump and a sampling pump are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipe, the water pumping pipe and the sampling pipe, the upper end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water tank through a hose, the upper end of the sampling pipe is connected with a flexible sampling bottle, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged on the filter plate.

[0008] Further, the sampling cylinder comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, a flange is arranged at the upper end of the lower cylinder, the upper end of the lower cylinder is inserted into the lower end of the upper cylinder, the lower end of the upper cylinder is pressed on the flange, a second sealing ring is arranged between the lower end of the upper cylinder and the flange, and the partition plate and the filter plate are arranged in the lower cylinder.

[0009] Further, a plurality of ear plates are fixedly connected to the upper cylinder, a hand winch is arranged on each ear plate, and one end of a steel wire rope of the hand winch is fixedly connected with a detachable rock nail.

[0010] Further, a skirt is arranged at the lower end of the lower cylinder, and the first sealing ring is connected to the skirt.

[0011] Further, the water inlet pump, the water pumping pump, the sampling pump and the power supply are arranged on the partition plate, and sealing members are arranged between the water inlet pipe, the water pumping pipe and the sampling pipe and the partition plate.

[0012] Further, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are arranged at the upper end of the sampling cylinder.

[0013] Further, a telescopic device is connected to the lower end of the water pumping pipe, the telescopic device comprises a telescopic pipe, the lower end of the water pumping pipe is inserted into the telescopic pipe, skirt plates are fixedly connected to the water pumping pipe and the telescopic pipe, springs are sleeved on the water pumping pipe, the two ends of the springs are respectively abutted on the two skirt plates, and a plurality of notches are arranged at the lower end of the telescopic pipe.

[0014] Further, the lower end of the sampling tube is located between the baffle and the filter plate, a liquid level switch is arranged on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder at one side of the lower end of the sampling tube, and a controller is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the sampling cylinder, the liquid level switch is connected with the input end of the controller, and the ultrasonic transducer, the water inlet pump, the water pump and the sampling pump are connected with the output end of the controller.

[0015] Further, the controller is an automatic water supply controller.

[0016] A method for using the in-situ sampling device for bank rock pollutants according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: S1: after placing the sampling cylinder on the bank rock, inserting the detachable rock nail into the rock fissure, and then manually winding each hand winch, the first sealing ring is pressed against the surface of the rock; S2: connecting the water inlet pipe with the water tank, synchronously starting the water inlet pump and the water pump, and flushing the surface of the rock with pure water in the water tank, after the surface of the rock is cleaned, the water inlet pump and the water pump are closed in sequence; S3: adding ethanol to the pure water in the water tank to form an ethanol solution with a concentration of 50%, then starting the water inlet pump to pump the ethanol solution into the sampling cylinder, when the liquid level switch is triggered, the controller controls the water inlet pump to stop, then the controller controls each ultrasonic transducer to start, and the surface of the rock surrounded by the first sealing ring is ultrasonically vibrated to make the pollutants in the rock fissure mixed into the ethanol solution; S4: after connecting the dry flexible sampling soft bottle with the sampling pipe, then starting the sampling pump to pump the alcohol solution into the sampling soft bottle, and completing the in-situ sampling of the bank rock pollutants.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The present application constructs a "sealing-cleaning-activation-sampling" integrated in-situ sampling system, the first sealing ring at the lower end of the sampling cylinder forms a closed area with the surface of the rock, and the ultrasonic transducer vibrates the rock fissure, which can directly promote the pollutants to separate from the rock matrix and mix into the solution without drilling the rock core and subsequent crushing and purification steps. Compared with the traditional rock core drilling method, the sampling period is greatly shortened, the operation steps are reduced, and the exogenous pollution in the process of rock core transportation and processing is completely avoided, so that the sample can truly reflect the in-situ pollutant state of the rock, and can be directly used for laboratory precise detection.

[0018] 2. The invention innovatively adopts the synergistic mechanism of "ultrasonic vibration + ethanol solution": the ultrasonic transducer on the filter plate can act on the deep fractures of the rock mass through high-frequency vibration, effectively stripping the adsorbed pollutants that are difficult to remove by traditional chemical dissolution; the ethanol solution can efficiently dissolve organic pollutants, ensuring that the pollutants detached from the rock mass are completely dispersed in the solution. This synergistic mechanism can fully extract the pollutants in the rock mass fractures, avoiding the problem of insufficient extraction of pollutants in traditional methods, making the sample more representative and accurately reflecting the actual occurrence of pollutants in the bank rock mass.

[0019] 3. The "upper cylinder + lower cylinder" split structure is adopted, the lower cylinder concentrates the core functional components such as the baffle, filter plate, and ultrasonic transducer, the upper cylinder is installed with the ear plate and hand winch, facilitating field transportation, maintenance, and component replacement, and the second sealing ring between the upper and lower cylinders can strengthen the sealing to prevent solution leakage; the hand winch on the ear plate of the upper cylinder cooperates with the detachable rock nail, which can adjust the pressure of the sampling cylinder on the rock mass through the tension of the steel wire rope, making the inflatable first sealing ring tightly fit the uneven rock mass surface, adapting to rock masses of different roughness (such as honeycomb and jointed); the telescopic device (containing spring and notch) at the lower end of the water pumping pipe can automatically adapt to the ups and downs of the rock mass surface, avoiding pipe blockage or suspension, and ensuring efficient discharge of sewage during the cleaning stage. This design enables the device to work stably in complex scenes such as horizontal rock mass and small-angle inclined rock mass, without relying on heavy fixed equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the invention, Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at position A in the middle, Figure 5 is Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at position B in the middle, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the electrical devices of the invention, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invention in implementation.

[0021] In the figure: the first sealing ring 1, the skirt 2, the hand winch 3, the ear plate 4, the controller 5, the upper cylinder 6, the lower cylinder 7, the sampling pump 8, the water inlet pump 9, the water inlet pipe 10, the sampling pipe 11, the filter plate 12, the ultrasonic transducer 13, the telescopic pipe 14, the skirt plate 15, the spring 16, the liquid level switch 17, the water pumping pipe 18, the partition plate 19, the water pumping pump 20, the flexible sampling soft bottle 21, the second sealing ring 22, the flange 23, the notch 24, the detachable rock nail 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] A reservoir bank rock mass pollutant in-situ sampling device, comprising a sampling cylinder, a first sealing ring 1 arranged at the lower end of the sampling cylinder, a partition plate 19 and a filter plate 12 arranged in the sampling cylinder, a water inlet pipe 10, a water pumping pipe 18 and a plurality of sampling pipes 11 arranged in the sampling cylinder, a water inlet pump 9, a water pumping pump 20 and a sampling pump 8 respectively arranged on the water inlet pipe 10, the water pumping pipe 18 and the sampling pipes 11, the upper end of the water inlet pipe 10 being communicated with a water tank through a hose, the upper end of the sampling pipe 11 being connected with a flexible sampling soft bottle 21 (PE material, capacity 500-1000 mL, in a dry state, to avoid air mixing) through a threaded joint, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 13 arranged on the filter plate 12.

[0024] The first sealing ring 1 at the lower end of the sampling cylinder directly contacts with the surface of the reservoir bank rock mass, constructs a physical sealing boundary of the sampling area, and prevents external water or impurities from mixing into the sampling environment.

[0025] The partition plate 19 and the filter plate 12 in the sampling cylinder form a layered structure, the partition plate 19 is used for bearing electrical components, and the filter plate 12 is used as a mounting base of the ultrasonic transducers 13 and simultaneously filters large-particle impurities on the surface of the rock mass (to avoid blocking the pipeline).

[0026] Fluid control: the water inlet pipe 10 (with the water inlet pump 9), the water pumping pipe 18 (with the water pumping pump 20) and the sampling pipe 11 (with the sampling pump 8) arranged in the cylinder respectively undertake the functions of “water delivery, water drainage and water sampling”: the water inlet pipe 10 obtains liquid (pure water or ethanol solution) from the water tank through the hose; the water pumping pipe 18 is used for discharging sewage in the cleaning stage; the sampling pipe 11 draws the solution containing pollutants to the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 (the soft bottle can avoid the sample from being deformed under pressure, and keeps the in-situ state) through the sampling pump 8.

[0027] Contaminant excitation key: After the ultrasonic transducer 13 on the filter plate 12 is started, the high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the rock mass surface, prompting the contaminants (such as PPCPs and microplastics) in the rock mass cracks and joints to separate from the rock mass matrix and dissolve into the solution in the sampling cylinder. Compared with simple chemical dissolution, it can more fully strip the adsorbed contaminants and improve the representativeness of the sample.

[0028] Further, the sampling cylinder comprises an upper cylinder 6 and a lower cylinder 7, the upper end of the lower cylinder 7 is provided with a flange 23, the upper end of the lower cylinder 7 is inserted into the lower end of the upper cylinder 6, the lower end of the upper cylinder 6 is pressed on the flange 23, a second sealing ring 22 is arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the upper cylinder 6, the partition plate 19 and the filter plate 12 are arranged in the lower cylinder 7, and the flange 23 can limit the insertion depth, so that the lower end of the upper cylinder 6 is just pressed on the flange 23, forming a stable assembly relationship. The upper cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 7 are detachable, which is convenient for later maintenance (such as replacing the filter plate 12 and repairing the ultrasonic transducer 13), and also facilitates disassembly and storage during transportation, reducing the carrying difficulty of field operation.

[0029] Further, a plurality of ear plates 4 are fixedly connected to the upper cylinder 6, a hand winch 3 is installed on each ear plate 4, and one end of the steel wire rope on the hand winch 3 is fixedly connected with a detachable rock nail 25. During sampling, the detachable rock nail 25 is first inserted into the cracks of the bank rock (forming an anchor point), and then the hand winch 3 is manually rotated to wind the steel wire rope, the pressure of the upper cylinder 6 is driven downward through the tension of the steel wire rope, and finally the first sealing ring 1 at the lower end of the lower cylinder 7 is tightly attached to the rock surface. Compared with simply relying on the gravity of the device to compact, the hand winch 3 can actively adjust the pressure, so that the first sealing ring 1 can be attached to the uneven rock surface, solving the problem of poor sealing in the traditional gravity compaction method (especially for rough or inclined rock bodies); at the same time, the detachable rock nail 25 forms a firm anchor point after being inserted into the cracks, preventing the device from being displaced due to ultrasonic vibration or water flow impact during sampling, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the sampling process.

[0030] Further, a skirt 2 is arranged at the lower end of the lower cylinder 7, and the first sealing ring 1 is connected to the skirt 2. The first sealing ring 1 is an inflatable sealing ring. The skirt 2 increases the contact area between the lower cylinder 7 and the rock mass, and also serves as a fixed base for the inflatable first sealing ring 1 (the sealing ring is bonded or clamped to the skirt 2). The inflatable sealing ring is inflated before use, and cooperates with the pressure of the hand winch 3 to further fill the small gaps on the rock surface, forming a "flexible seal".

[0031] Further, the water inlet pump 9, the water pumping pump 20, the sampling pump 8 and the power supply are arranged on the partition plate 19, and sealing elements (such as O-rings or mechanical sealing sleeves) are arranged between the water inlet pipe 10, the water pumping pipe 18 and the sampling pipe 11 and the partition plate 19. The water inlet pump 9, the water pumping pump 20, the sampling pump 8 and the power supply (such as a lithium battery) are fixed on the upper surface of the partition plate 19, so that the electrical components are separated from the "sampling solution area" at the lower part of the lower cylinder 7 (the area below the partition plate 19 is the solution area, and the area above the partition plate 19 is the electrical area), avoiding the solution from seeping into the electrical area to cause short circuit, electric leakage or equipment damage, improving the operation safety in a wet environment in the field, and at the same time, the components can be concentratedly installed on the partition plate 19, reducing the internal space occupation of the device, making the overall structure more compact, and facilitating field transportation.

[0032] Further, a plurality of waist-shaped holes for carrying are arranged on the upper end of the sampling cylinder. The waist-shaped holes are used for the operator to hold or pass through a rope to pull.

[0033] Further, the lower end of the water pumping pipe 18 is connected with a telescopic device, the telescopic device includes a telescopic pipe 14, the lower end of the water pumping pipe 18 is inserted into the telescopic pipe 14, skirt plates 15 are fixedly connected to the water pumping pipe 18 and the telescopic pipe 14, a spring 16 is sleeved on the water pumping pipe 18, the two ends of the spring 16 abut against the two skirt plates 15 respectively, and a plurality of notches 24 are arranged on the lower end of the telescopic pipe 14. The telescopic pipe 14 is self-adapted to the rock surface through the spring 16, and cooperates with the design of the notches 24 to solve the problems of "suspended pipe opening and unable to pump water" or "pipe opening blockage and unable to pump water", especially in the cleaning stage, the sewage on the rock surface can be efficiently pumped away.

[0034] Further, the lower end of the water pumping pipe 18 is connected with a telescopic device, the telescopic device includes a telescopic pipe 14, the lower end of the water pumping pipe 18 is inserted into the telescopic pipe 14, skirt plates 15 are fixedly connected to the water pumping pipe 18 and the telescopic pipe 14, a spring 16 is sleeved on the water pumping pipe 18, the two ends of the spring 16 abut against the two skirt plates 15 respectively, and a plurality of notches 24 are arranged on the lower end of the telescopic pipe 14. The telescopic pipe 14 is self-adapted to the rock surface through the spring 16, and cooperates with the design of the notches 24 to solve the problems of "suspended pipe opening and unable to pump water" or "pipe opening blockage and unable to pump water", especially in the cleaning stage, the sewage on the rock surface can be efficiently pumped away.

[0035] Further, the controller 5 is an automatic water supply controller 5 (such as Xingling Electrical CPH7-ALL constant pressure water supply controller 5). The automatic water supply controller 5 is provided with a liquid level signal processing module and a pump body driving module, can directly adapt to the control requirements of the liquid level switch 17 and each water pump, and can be connected with the driving circuit of the ultrasonic transducer 13 through an expansion interface.

[0036] A method for sampling pollutants in a reservoir bank rock mass in situ includes the following steps: S1: Device fixation and sampling area sealing S11. Sample cylinder placement: Place the sample cylinder composed of the upper cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 7 (the lower end skirt 2 of the lower cylinder 7 is connected to the inflatable first sealing ring 1) on the target bank rock mass to be sampled, ensuring that the first sealing ring 1 at the lower end of the lower cylinder 7 completely covers the surface of the rock mass to be sampled.

[0037] S12. Rock bolt 25 anchoring: Insert multiple detachable rock bolts 25 into the rock mass fissures around the sample cylinder one by one, and ensure that the rock bolts 25 are inserted deep enough to form a stable anchoring fulcrum.

[0038] S13. Sealing and pressurization: Turn each hand winch 3 installed on the ear plate 4 of the upper cylinder 6 manually to wind the steel wire rope (one end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the detachable rock bolt 25) on the winch; through the tension of the steel wire rope, drive the upper cylinder 6 to press downward, so that the inflatable first sealing ring 1 at the lower end of the lower cylinder 7 tightly adheres to the surface of the rock mass, and at the same time, the gap between the second sealing ring 22 (between the lower end of the upper cylinder 6 and the flange 23 of the lower cylinder 7) is sealed, finally forming a closed and leak-free sampling area.

[0039] S2: Rock surface cleaning (removal of external impurities) S21. Pipeline connection: Connect the upper end of the water inlet pipe 10 in the sample cylinder to the water tank containing pure water through a hose, ensuring that the pipeline connection is tight and there is no water leakage gap.

[0040] S22. Cleaning process start: Synchronously open the water inlet pump 9 on the water inlet pipe 10 and the water suction pump 20 on the water suction pipe 18; the water inlet pump 9 pumps the pure water in the water tank into the sample cylinder, the water flow washes the surface of the rock mass, removing the external impurities such as dust, sand, loose debris and other impurities attached to the surface of the rock mass; at the same time, the water suction pipe 18 (the lower end is connected to the telescopic device with spring 16, the telescopic pipe 14 can adapt to the ups and downs of the rock surface, and the notch 24 avoids pipe blockage) timely extracts the sewage containing impurities out of the sample cylinder, preventing impurities from remaining and affecting subsequent pollutant extraction.

[0041] S23. Cleaning off: After continuous washing until there is no obvious visible impurities on the surface of the rock mass, first close the water inlet pump 9 (stop water supply), then close the water suction pump 20 after the water suction pipe 18 completely pumps out the remaining sewage in the sample cylinder, and complete the cleaning of the surface of the rock mass.

[0042] S3: Pollutant excitation and dissolution (ethanol + ultrasonic wave synergistic effect) S31. Ethanol solution preparation: Add ethanol to the water tank to prepare an ethanol solution with a concentration of 50% (ethanol can efficiently dissolve organic pollutants such as PPCPs and microplastics in rock mass fissures).

[0043] S32. Ethanol solution injection: keep the connection between the water inlet pipe 10 and the water tank, and turn on the water inlet pump 9 to pump the 50% ethanol solution into the sampling cylinder; when the ethanol solution in the sampling cylinder rises to the trigger height of the liquid level switch 17 between the baffle 19 and the filter plate 12, the liquid level switch 17 transmits a signal to the automatic water supply controller 5 (controller 5) on the upper end of the sampling cylinder, and the controller 5 automatically controls the water inlet pump 9 to stop working, thereby stopping the injection of the ethanol solution (to ensure that the solution amount meets the ultrasonic action requirement and does not overflow the sampling cylinder).

[0044] S33. Ultrasonic wave excitation of pollutants: after the water inlet pump 9 stops working, the controller 5 automatically starts the multiple ultrasonic transducers 13 installed on the filter plate 12; the ultrasonic transducers 13 generate high-frequency vibrations, and the vibration energy is transmitted to the surface of the rock mass surrounded by the first sealing ring 1, so as to promote the pollutants (such as adsorbed PPCPs and embedded micro-plastic particles) adsorbed in the fractures, joints and pores of the rock mass to separate from the rock matrix and fully mix into the ethanol solution in the sampling cylinder, thereby forming an ethanol mixed solution containing pollutants.

[0045] S4: Sampling of the solution containing pollutants (in-situ sample collection) S41. Docking of the sampling pipe 11: the dry flexible sampling soft bottle 21 is docked with the upper end of the sampling pipe 11 (the lower end of the pipe is located between the baffle 19 and the filter plate 12, and the filter plate 12 can filter the rock particle impurities) in the sampling cylinder one by one, to ensure that the docking position is sealed and no solution leaks.

[0046] S42. Sample extraction: turn on the sampling pump 8 on the sampling pipe 11, and the sampling pump 8 pumps the ethanol mixed solution containing pollutants (filtered by the filter plate 12 and free of large particle impurities) in the sampling cylinder into the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 through the sampling pipe 11; after the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 is filled to the preset volume (or the extraction of the solution in the sampling cylinder is completed), the sampling pump 8 is turned off, and the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 is removed.

[0047] S43. Sampling completion: seal the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 (to prevent sample volatilization or pollution), and complete the in-situ sampling of the pollutants in the reservoir bank rock mass; the flexible sampling soft bottle 21 containing the sample can be directly sent to the laboratory for pollutant detection and analysis without additional transfer or purification steps.

[0048] The content described in the embodiments of the present specification is only a list of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present application should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present application also extends to equivalent technical means that can be thought of by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.

Claims

1. An in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass, characterized in that: The device includes a sampling cylinder with a first sealing ring at the lower end. Inside the sampling cylinder are a partition and a filter plate. Inside the sampling cylinder are an inlet pipe, a pumping pipe, and multiple sampling tubes. An inlet pump, a pumping pump, and a sampling pump are respectively installed on the inlet pipe, the pumping pipe, and the sampling tubes. The upper end of the inlet pipe is connected to a water tank via a flexible hose. The upper end of the sampling tube is connected to a flexible sampling bottle. Multiple ultrasonic transducers are provided on the filter plate.

2. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The upper end of the lower cylinder is provided with a flange. The upper end of the lower cylinder is inserted into the lower end of the upper cylinder. The lower end of the upper cylinder presses against the flange. A second sealing ring is provided between the upper lower end of the cylinder and the flange. The partition plate and the filter plate are both set inside the lower cylinder.

3. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple ear plates are fixedly connected to the upper cylinder, and a hand-cranked winch is installed on each ear plate. One end of the steel wire rope on the hand-cranked winch is fixedly connected to a detachable rock nail.

4. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that: A skirt is provided at the lower end of the cylinder opening, and a first sealing ring is connected to the skirt. The first sealing ring is an inflatable sealing ring.

5. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet pump, pumping pump, sampling pump, and power supply are all mounted on the partition, and the inlet pipe, pumping pipe, and sampling pipe are sealed to the partition.

6. A reservoir bank rock mass pollutant in-situ sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Multiple waist-shaped holes for carrying are made at the upper end of the sampling tube.

7. A reservoir bank rock mass pollutant in-situ sampling device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the water pump is connected to a telescopic device, which includes a telescopic tube. The lower end of the water pump is inserted into the telescopic tube. Skirts are fixedly connected to both the water pump and the telescopic tube. A spring is sleeved on the water pump, and the two ends of the spring abut against the two skirts respectively. Multiple notches are provided at the lower end of the telescopic tube.

8. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the sampling tube is located between the partition and the filter plate. A liquid level switch is provided on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder on one side of the lower end of the sampling tube, and a controller is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the sampling cylinder. The liquid level switch is connected to the input end of the controller, and the ultrasonic transducer, water inlet pump, water pump and sampling pump are connected to the output end of the controller.

9. The in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller is an automatic water supply controller.

10. A method for using the in-situ sampling device for pollutants in reservoir bank rock mass as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: After placing the sampling tube on the reservoir bank rock mass, insert the detachable rock nail into the rock mass fissure, and then manually wind up each hand-cranked winch to press the first sealing ring tightly onto the rock mass surface; S2: Connect the water inlet pipe to the water tank, and simultaneously turn on the water inlet pump and the water pump. Use the pure water in the water tank to rinse the surface of the rock mass. After the surface of the rock mass is cleaned, turn off the water inlet pump and the water pump one after the other. S3: Add ethanol to the purified water in the water tank to form a 50% ethanol solution. Then turn on the water inlet pump to pump the ethanol solution into the sampling tube. When the liquid level switch is triggered, the controller controls the water inlet pump to stop. Then the controller controls each ultrasonic transducer to start and perform ultrasonic vibration on the rock surface surrounded by the first sealing ring, so that the pollutants in the rock fissures are mixed into the ethanol solution. S4: After connecting the shriveled flexible sampling bottle to the sampling tube, turn on the sampling pump to draw alcohol solution into the sampling bottle, thus completing the in-situ sampling of pollutants from the reservoir bank rock mass.

Images