TBM cutter head capable of achieving advanced geological exploration in construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a TBM cutterhead capable of achieving advanced geological prospecting in the construction process, and belongs to the technical field of geological prospecting, the TBM cutterhead comprises a cutterhead body and a coring device.The coring device comprises a drilling barrel, a sampling barrel, a driving jacking assembly, a clamping assembly and a coring assembly; the drilling barrel slides and is rotationally matched with the cutter head body, the driving jacking assembly is used for driving the drilling barrel to drill, the sampling barrel is coaxially mounted at one end of the drilling barrel, the clamping assembly is used for fixing a rock core, and the coring assembly is used for driving the clamping assembly to move in the direction close to or away from the sampling barrel. The device has the effect of conveniently improving the working efficiency of rock core extraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration, and in particular to a TBM cutterhead that enables advanced geological exploration during construction. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of subway tunnel boring machines, due to the uncertainty and complexity of geological conditions, special geological situations such as weak faults, fractured rock layers, and karst development are often encountered. In order to ensure safe and smooth progress, it is particularly important to explore the geological conditions in front of the tunnel boring machine.

[0003] Currently, ultrasonic methods are widely used in tunnel advanced geological prediction. Ultrasonic methods offer advantages such as long prediction distances, wide applicability, and the ability to continuously process changes in the parameters of the preceding rock strata. However, they also face several challenges. For example, in karst areas, the complex and varied development of karst formations, along with numerous cavities, leads to rapid signal attenuation and poor data acquisition during the detection process. Furthermore, ultrasonic detection can only qualitatively detect changes in the lithology ahead, making it difficult to quantitatively determine the parameters of these changes. Additionally, various on-site interferences often exist during tunnel excavation, which can severely distort images and significantly impact the detection results.

[0004] Therefore, core drilling is often used to obtain rock samples during shield tunneling. Core samples obtained directly through core drilling are beneficial for visually identifying strata, describing the lithology of the core, and accurately determining the rock mass properties ahead. However, core drilling is usually carried out using an additional core drilling device. During the core drilling process, the core drilling device needs to be repositioned and drilled again after the cutterhead of the shield machine stops operating, resulting in low construction efficiency for core extraction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the efficiency of core sampling, this application provides a TBM cutterhead that enables advanced geological exploration during construction.

[0006] The TBM cutterhead provided in this application, which enables advanced geological exploration during construction, adopts the following technical solution: A TBM cutterhead enabling advanced geological exploration during construction includes a cutterhead body and a coring device. The coring device includes a drill barrel, a sampling tube, a drive jacking assembly, a locking assembly, and a coring component. The drill barrel passes through the cutterhead body and slides and rotates within it. The drive jacking assembly drives the drill barrel to drill. The sampling tube is coaxially mounted at one end of the drill barrel. The locking assembly secures the rock core. The coring component drives the locking assembly to move towards or away from the sampling tube.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when encountering complex geological conditions during shield tunneling and requiring core sampling, the shield machine's cutterhead operation is first stopped. Then, the drilling barrel is driven by the jacking assembly to drill and collect the core. When the end of the core reaches the position of the locking assembly, the locking assembly fixes the core. Subsequently, the core sampling assembly drives the locking assembly to move towards the sampling barrel, allowing the core to enter the sampling barrel, thus achieving core sampling. Due to the integrated design of the core sampling device and the cutterhead body, core sampling can be performed by driving the drilling barrel to drill and collect the core after the cutterhead stops operating. There is no need to reposition and drill an additional core sampling device, which simplifies the operation and improves the efficiency of core sampling.

[0008] Optionally, a connecting cylinder is provided between the drill barrel and the sampling barrel. The connecting cylinder is provided with a connecting channel that runs through its own axis. The drill barrel and the sampling barrel are both inserted into the connecting channel. The connecting cylinder is fixed to the drill barrel and the sampling barrel respectively by two sets of bolts.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection tube makes the connection between the drill tube and the sampling tube convenient and quick, and helps to ensure the stability of the connection between the drill tube and the sampling tube.

[0010] Optionally, the sampling cylinder includes a receiving cylinder and a sampling sealing plate. The outer circumferential surface of the receiving cylinder is provided with a sampling channel for extracting the rock core. The side wall of the receiving cylinder with the sampling channel is also provided with a sampling receiving groove. The sampling sealing plate is slidably fitted into the sampling receiving groove. When the sampling sealing plate slides in the sampling receiving groove, the sampling channel gradually opens or gradually closes. The sampling sealing plate is fixed to the receiving cylinder by locking bolts.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, after the rock core enters the sampling cylinder, the locking bolts are released from the container body and the sampling channel is opened by moving the sampling sealing plate, which further facilitates the operator to quickly remove the rock core from the container body.

[0012] Optionally, the sampling sealing plate is fixedly connected to a sampling fixing plate, and the accommodating cylinder is fixedly connected to two accommodating fixing plates. The sampling fixing plate has a through sampling fixing hole, and both accommodating fixing plates have accommodating fixing holes corresponding to and through the sampling fixing holes. The locking bolt is threaded with a locking nut. When the locking bolt passes through one of the accommodating fixing holes and the sampling fixing hole in sequence and is threaded with the locking nut, the sampling channel is opened or closed.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of locking bolts and locking nuts makes it convenient and quick to fix the sampling fixing plate and the receiving cylinder, and helps to ensure the stability of the sampling channel when it is in the open or closed state.

[0014] Optionally, the inner wall of the sampling cylinder is provided with at least two sliding grooves that are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the sampling cylinder and extend along the axis of the sampling cylinder. Multiple sets of locking components are provided in correspondence with the sliding grooves. The locking component includes a sliding block, a friction block, and a support spring. The sliding block is slidably engaged with the sliding groove. The friction block is rotatably mounted on the sliding block. One end of the support spring is connected to the sliding block and the other end is connected to the friction block. The support spring is located at the free end of the sliding block away from the drill cylinder. The friction block extends out of the sliding groove under the elastic force of the support spring. The core sampling component is used to drive the sliding block to slide within the sliding groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rock core enters the sampling tube and comes into contact with each friction block, each friction block is subjected to force and rotates in the direction of each sliding block. When each friction block is pressed against the outer circumferential surface of the rock core, the rock core is fixed. Then, the sliding block is driven by the core sampling assembly to slide in the sliding groove, so that each friction block drives the rock core to slide in the sampling tube, which facilitates the transportation of the rock core to the designated position in the sampling tube.

[0016] Optionally, the core sampling assembly includes a core sampling motor, a take-up shaft, a wire rope, and a telescopic rod. The take-up shaft is rotatably mounted on the sampling cylinder. The core sampling motor drives the take-up shaft to rotate. Multiple wire ropes and telescopic rods are provided, each corresponding to a sliding block. The telescopic rod includes a first rod body, a second rod body, and a telescopic spring. The second rod body is fixedly mounted on the sampling cylinder. The first rod body passes through and slides against the second rod body. The telescopic spring is located between the first and second rod bodies and applies a spring force to the first rod body to move away from the second rod body. The end of each first rod body away from the second rod body is connected to a sliding block. One end of each wire rope is connected to each first rod body, and the other end is fixedly connected to the take-up shaft. The wire rope passes through the second rod body and slides against it.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the core motor drives the winding shaft to wind up, each wire rope drives each first rod to move towards the second rod, thereby driving each sliding block to move away from the drill barrel within the sliding groove; when the core motor drives the winding shaft to unwind, each first rod moves away from the second rod under the elastic force of the telescopic spring, thereby driving each sliding block to reset; the movement of the sliding block within the sliding groove can be achieved by rotating the winding shaft driven by the core motor, which is convenient and fast.

[0018] Optionally, a driven gear is coaxially fixedly mounted on the take-up shaft, the driven gear being located near the middle of the take-up shaft, and a driving gear is fixedly mounted on the output end of the core-taking motor, the driving gear meshing with the driven gear.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the core-taking motor can more stably drive the winding shaft to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0020] Optionally, the end of the drill barrel facing the sampling barrel is provided with a plurality of extension grooves that correspond one-to-one with and are connected to the sliding grooves. Each sliding block is slidably engaged with each extension groove. A fixed stop block is slidably engaged in the extension groove. The fixed stop block is fixed to the extension groove by a stop block fixing member.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the extension groove facilitates the locking component to lock and fix the rock core at a position closer to the drill barrel. At the same time, by fixing the fixing block at different positions in the extension groove, the locking component can fix the rock core at different positions in the drill barrel according to different rock core lengths or actual construction needs, which is highly applicable.

[0022] Optionally, both the sliding block and the sliding groove have T-shaped cross sections, and a ball is provided on the side of the sliding block facing the sliding groove, the ball rolling into the sliding groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding block is less likely to fall off the sliding groove when it slides in the sliding groove, and the friction between the sliding block and the sliding groove is reduced, which helps to ensure the smooth and stable sliding of the sliding block in the sliding groove.

[0024] Optionally, the drive jacking assembly includes a drive motor, a support plate, a telescopic cylinder, and a base. The support plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate away from the drive motor, the base is fixedly installed on the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, and the sampling cylinder is installed on the side of the base away from the telescopic cylinder.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the drill barrel can be achieved by driving the support plate to rotate through the drive motor and cooperating with the telescopic cylinder to drive the extension and retraction of its own piston rod, which facilitates the rapid drilling and coring of rock cores.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Due to the integrated design of the coring device and the cutterhead body, the core sampling process can be carried out by driving the drill barrel to drill and extract the core after the cutterhead stops running. There is no need to reposition and drill the additional coring device, which simplifies the operation and helps to improve the efficiency of core extraction.

[0027] 2. The combination of locking bolts and locking nuts makes it easy and quick to fix the sampling fixing plate to the receiving cylinder, and helps to ensure the stability of the sampling channel when it is in the open or closed state.

[0028] 3. By fixing the fixed blocks at different positions within the extension slot, the locking components can easily fix the rock core at different positions within the drill barrel according to different rock core lengths or actual construction needs, making it highly adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cutter head body in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the driving jacking component in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the sampling tube in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the core extraction component in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state during core sampling in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the core extraction component in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fastener in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Cutterhead body; 101. Shield cutterhead; 102. Reinforcing beam; 2. Drill barrel; 3. Sampling barrel; 301. Receiving cylinder; 3011. Sampling channel; 302. Sampling sealing plate; 4. Drill teeth; 5. Connecting cylinder; 6. Connecting channel; 7. Fixing bolt; 8. Fixing screw hole; 9. Fixing through hole; 10. Sampling receiving groove; 11. Sampling fixing plate; 12. Receiving fixing plate; 13. Sampling fixing hole; 14. Receiving fixing hole; 15. Locking bolt; 16. Locking nut; 17. Sliding groove; 18. Sliding block; 19. Friction block; 20. Support spring; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Extension 23. Expansion slot; 24. Core-taking motor; 25. Rewinding shaft; 26. Steel wire rope; 27. Telescopic rod; 28. First rod body; 29. ​​Second rod body; 20. Telescopic spring; 21. Driven gear; 22. Driven gear; 33. Drive motor; 34. Support plate; 35. Telescopic cylinder; 36. Base; 37. Fixed cylinder; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Fixed stop block; 40. Stop block bolt; 41. Fixed stop rod; 42. Fixed spring; 43. Fixed sliding hole; 44. Fixed baffle; 45. Extension sliding hole; 46. Ball bearing; 47. Friction pad. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] This application discloses a TBM cutterhead that enables advanced geological exploration during construction. Example 1

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The TBM cutterhead, which enables advanced geological exploration during construction, includes a shield tunneling device and a core sampling device. The shield tunneling device includes a cutterhead body 1 and a core sampling device. The cutterhead body 1 is annular in shape, and multiple shield cutters 101 are set on one side of the cutterhead body 1 in the drilling direction. Several reinforcing beams 102 are fixedly installed on the cutterhead body 1 and evenly distributed around its own axis to ensure the overall structural stability of the cutterhead body 1.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The core sampling device includes a drill barrel 2, a sampling cylinder 3, a drive jacking assembly, a locking assembly, and a core sampling assembly. The drill barrel 2 is coaxially mounted on the cutterhead body 1, and slides and rotates within the cutterhead body 1, allowing the drill barrel 2 to sample the rock core after the cutterhead body 1 has stopped operating. Several drill teeth 4, evenly distributed circumferentially around its own axis, are fixedly installed at one end of the drill barrel 2 in the drilling direction to facilitate drilling. Each drill tooth 4 is inlaid with a diamond patch (not shown in the figure) to ensure wear resistance and service life.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 The sampling cylinder 3 is installed at the end of the drill cylinder 2 away from the drill teeth 4. Specifically, a connecting cylinder 5 is provided between the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3, and the connecting cylinder 5 is provided with a connecting channel 6 that runs through its own axis. The inner and outer diameters of the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3 are the same. The drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3 are respectively inserted into and slidably fitted at both ends of the connecting channel 6. The connecting cylinder 5 is fixed to the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3 by two sets of bolts that are evenly distributed around its own axis. In this embodiment, the bolts provided on the connecting cylinder 5 are fixed bolts 7.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 3 Specifically, the outer circumferential surfaces of the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3 near the free end of the connecting cylinder 5 are provided with multiple fixing screw holes 8 evenly distributed around their own axes. The outer circumferential surface of the connecting cylinder 5 is provided with two sets of fixing through holes 9, each set of fixing through holes 9 being evenly distributed around its own axis. When the ends of the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3 are inserted into the connecting channel 6 and abut against each other in the middle of the connecting cylinder 5, the two sets of fixing through holes 9 correspond one-to-one with each fixing screw hole 8. Each fixing bolt 7 is respectively inserted into each fixing through hole 9 and threaded into each fixing screw hole 8, so as to achieve a stable fixation between the connecting cylinder 5 and the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3, that is, to achieve the installation of the drill cylinder 2 and the sampling cylinder 3.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sampling cylinder 3 includes a receiving cylinder 301 and a sampling sealing plate 302. A sampling channel 3011 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the receiving cylinder 301 away from the free end of the sampling cylinder 3. The sampling channel 3011 is located at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 3 to facilitate the extraction of rock cores from the receiving cylinder 301, i.e., the sampling cylinder 3, through the sampling channel 3011. A sampling receiving groove 10 is also formed on the side wall of the receiving cylinder 301 where the sampling channel 3011 is formed. The sampling sealing plate 302 slides and fits into the sampling receiving groove 10. The sampling sealing plate 302 is semi-circular. When the sampling sealing plate 302 slides in the sampling receiving groove 10, the sampling channel 3011 gradually opens or gradually closes, so that the sampling sealing plate 302 can realize the opening and closing of the sampling channel 3011.

[0045] Reference Figure 4To ensure the stability of the position of the sampling sealing plate 302 when it opens and closes the sampling accommodating groove 10, the sampling sealing plate 302 is fixed to the accommodating cylinder 301 by locking bolts 15. Specifically, the sampling sealing plate 302 is fixedly connected to the sampling fixing plate 11. The accommodating cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to two accommodating fixing plates 12. The two accommodating fixing plates 12 are respectively arranged close to the two sides of the accommodating cylinder 301 in the horizontal direction. The sampling fixing plate 11 has a through sampling fixing hole 13. Both accommodating fixing plates 12 have accommodating fixing holes 14 corresponding to and through the sampling fixing hole 13. The locking bolt 15 is threaded with a locking nut 16. When the locking bolt 15 is sequentially inserted into one of the accommodating fixing holes 14 and the sampling fixing hole 13 and threaded with the locking nut 16, the sampling channel 3011 is opened or closed. There are multiple sampling fixing holes 13, accommodating fixing holes 14, locking bolts 15 and locking nuts 16 along the axis of the sampling cylinder 3 to fully realize the stable limiting of the position of the sampling sealing plate 302.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The sampling cylinder 3 has multiple sliding grooves 17 circumferentially distributed around and extending along the axis of the sampling cylinder 3 on its inner wall. In this embodiment, two sliding grooves 17 are provided, located in the upper half of the sampling cylinder 3. Multiple sets of locking components are provided corresponding to the sliding grooves 17. The locking components include a sliding block 18, a friction block 19, and a support spring 20. The sliding block 18 slides into the sliding groove 17. The longitudinal sections of the sliding block 18 and the sliding groove 17 are dovetail-shaped or T-shaped to ensure the stability of the sliding block 18 when sliding within the sliding groove 17. In this embodiment, the longitudinal sections of both the sliding block 18 and the sliding groove 17 are T-shaped. A rotating shaft 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding block 18 near the drill barrel 2. The friction block 19 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 21, so that the friction block 19 and the rotating shaft 21 are rotatably mounted on the sliding block 18. The support spring 20 is located at the free end of the sliding block 18 away from the drill barrel 2. One end of the support spring 20 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 18 and the other end is fixedly connected to the friction block 19. The friction block 19 extends out of the sliding groove 17 under the elastic force of the support spring 20.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6When the core sample enters the receiving cylinder 301 and comes into contact with the friction block 19, the friction block 19 rotates towards the sliding block 18. When both friction blocks 19 rotate to a position that is in close contact with the outer circumference of the core sample, the friction blocks 19 and the core sample are relatively fixed. At this time, the core sample can be moved within the receiving cylinder 301, i.e., the sampling cylinder 3, by the sliding of the sliding block 18 in the sliding groove 17. To facilitate the fixing of the core sample by the friction blocks 19 closer to the drill barrel 2, two extension grooves 22 are provided at the end of the drill barrel 2 facing the sampling cylinder 3, which are respectively corresponding to and connected to the two sliding grooves 17. The two sliding blocks 18 slide and cooperate with the two extension grooves 22 respectively.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 The core-taking assembly is used to drive the sliding block 18 to slide within the sliding groove 17. Specifically, the core-taking assembly includes a core-taking motor 23, a take-up shaft 24, a steel wire rope 25, and a telescopic rod 26. The take-up shaft 24 is rotatably mounted inside the sampling cylinder 3, and a driven gear 27 is coaxially fixedly mounted in the middle of the take-up shaft 24. The core-taking motor 23 is mounted on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 3, and a driving gear 28 is fixedly mounted at the output end of the core-taking motor 23. The driving gear 28 meshes with the driven gear 27, so that the drive motor 29 drives the take-up shaft 24 to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear 28 and the driven gear 27.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 5 Two steel wire ropes 25 and two telescopic rods 26 are each provided, corresponding one-to-one with the sliding blocks 18. The telescopic rod 26 includes a first rod body 261, a second rod body 262, and a telescopic spring 263. The second rod body 262 is fixedly installed in the sampling cylinder 3 and located within the sliding groove 17. The first rod body 261 passes through and slides into the second rod body 262. One end of the telescopic spring 263 is fixedly connected to the first rod body 261, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second rod body 262. The telescopic spring 263 applies a spring force to the first rod body 261, causing it to move away from the second rod body 262. The two first rod bodies 261 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sliding blocks 18 at one end away from the two second rod bodies 262. One end of each of the two steel wire ropes 25 is connected to the two first rod bodies 261, and the other end is fixedly connected to the winding shaft 24. The steel wire ropes 25 pass through... The first rod 261 is slidably engaged with the second rod 262 so that when the core motor 23 drives the winding shaft 24 to wind, each wire rope 25 drives each first rod 261 to move toward the second rod 262, thereby driving each sliding block 18 to move away from the drill barrel 2 in the sliding groove 17; when the core motor 23 drives the winding shaft 24 to unwind, each first rod 261 moves away from the second rod 262 under the elastic force of the telescopic spring 263, thereby driving each sliding block 18 to reset.

[0050] Reference Figure 3The driving jacking assembly includes a drive motor 29, a support plate 30, a telescopic cylinder 31, and a base 32. The support plate 30 is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor 29. The cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 31 is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate 30 away from the drive motor 29. The base 32 is fixedly installed on the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 31. In this embodiment, the telescopic cylinder 31 is selected as an electro-hydraulic cylinder. The sampling cylinder 3 is installed on the side of the base 32 away from the telescopic cylinder 31. Specifically, a fixed cylinder 33 is fixedly installed at the end of the base 32 away from the telescopic cylinder 31. One end of the sampling cylinder 3 is inserted into the fixed cylinder 33. The fixed cylinder 33 is fixed to the sampling cylinder 3 by bolts that pass through itself and are threaded into the sampling cylinder 3. Multiple bolts that fix the fixed cylinder 33 are evenly distributed around the axis of the fixed cylinder 33 to ensure the connection stability between the sampling cylinder 3 and the fixed cylinder 33.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The rotation of the support plate 30 driven by the drive motor 29, combined with the extension and retraction of the piston rod driven by the telescopic cylinder 31, enables the drill barrel 2 to rotate and drill, facilitating rapid core drilling. To enhance the overall structural stability and ensure the stability of the drill barrel 2 during drilling, a connecting rod 34 is provided between the support plate 30 and the base 32. Multiple connecting rods 34 are evenly distributed around the axis of the support plate 30. Each connecting rod 34 includes a fixed rod body 341 and a sliding rod body. One end of each fixed rod body 341 is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate 30 away from the drive motor 29, and one end of each sliding rod body is fixedly installed on the side of the base 32 facing the support plate 30. Each sliding rod body passes through and slides into each fixed rod body 341.

[0052] The implementation principle of a TBM cutterhead that enables advanced geological exploration during construction, as described in this application embodiment, is as follows: When encountering complex geological conditions during shield tunneling and requiring core sampling, the cutterhead of the shield machine is first stopped. Then, the drill cylinder 2 is driven to drill and extract the core through the cooperation of the drive motor 29 and the telescopic cylinder 31. When the end of the core reaches the position of the friction block 19 of the locking component, causing the friction block 19 to press and fix the core, the sliding block 18 is driven by the core extraction motor 23 to move towards the sampling cylinder 3, thereby driving the core into the sampling cylinder 3 to achieve core sampling. Due to the integrated design of the core extraction device and the cutterhead body 1, the core sampling process can be carried out by driving the drill cylinder 2 to drill and extract the core after the cutterhead stops operating. There is no need to reposition and drill the additional core extraction device, which is simple to operate and helps to improve the efficiency of core extraction. Example 2

[0053] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a fixed stop block 35 is also provided in the extension groove 22. The fixed stop block 35 slides and engages with the extension groove 22, and is fixed to the extension groove 22 by a stop block fixing member. This allows the friction block 19 to press and fix the rock core at different positions in the drill barrel 2 according to different rock core lengths or actual construction needs, making it highly adaptable. Specifically, the fixing member includes a stop block bolt 36, a fixed stop rod 37, and a fixed spring 38. The fixed stop block 35 has fixed sliding holes 39 on both sides facing the two groove walls of the extension groove 22. There are two fixed stop rods 37, which slide and engage with the two fixed sliders respectively.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 There are two fixed springs 38 and fixed stop bars 37 respectively. The bottom of the fixed stop bar 37 is fixedly connected to a fixed baffle 40. The wall of the fixed sliding hole 39 is provided with an extension sliding hole 41 for the fixed baffle 40 to slide. The fixed spring 38 is located in the extension sliding hole 41. One end of the fixed spring 38 is connected to the wall of the extension sliding hole 41 and the other end is connected to the fixed baffle 40, so that the fixed baffle 40 moves away from the opening of the fixed sliding hole 39 under the elastic force of the fixed spring 38. In this embodiment, the stop bolt 36 is selected as a countersunk bolt. The stop bolt 36 is threaded into the fixed stop block 35. The bottom of the stop bolt 36 is frustoconical. One end of the two fixed stop rods 37 abuts against the bottom of the stop block. When the stop bolt 36 is screwed inward, the two fixed stop rods 37 move towards the wall of the sliding groove 17 due to the contact with the fixed stop rods 37, thereby fixing the position of the fixed stop block 35 by tightening. When the stop bolt 36 is screwed outward, the two fixed stop rods 37 move away from the wall of the sliding groove 17 under the elastic force of the fixed spring 38, thereby releasing the fixation of the position of the fixed stop block 35.

[0055] Reference Figure 7 Furthermore, a ball bearing 42 is rotatably mounted on the side of the sliding block 18 facing the sliding groove 17. The ball bearing 42 rolls and engages with the sliding groove 17 to further reduce the friction between the sliding block 18 and the sliding groove 17, ensuring smooth and stable sliding of the sliding block 18 within the sliding groove 17. Additionally, in this embodiment, a friction pad 43 is also bonded and fixed to the side of the friction block 19 away from the sliding block 18. In this embodiment, the friction pad 43 is made of rubber to reduce wear between the friction block 19 and the rock core during core movement, thus ensuring the service life of the friction block 19.

[0056] The implementation principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A TBM cutterhead capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, comprising a cutterhead body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a core sampling device, which includes a drill barrel (2), a sampling tube (3), a drive jacking assembly, a locking assembly, and a core sampling assembly. The drill barrel (2) is inserted through the cutterhead body (1). The drill barrel (2) slides and rotates in conjunction with the cutterhead body (1). The drive jacking assembly is used to drive the drill barrel (2) to drill. The sampling tube (3) is coaxially installed at one end of the drill barrel (2). The locking assembly is used to fix the rock core. The core sampling assembly is used to drive the locking assembly to move toward or away from the sampling tube (3).

2. The TBM cutterhead according to claim 1, which enables advanced geological exploration during construction, is characterized in that: A connecting cylinder (5) is provided between the drill barrel (2) and the sampling cylinder (3). The connecting cylinder (5) is provided with a connecting channel (6) that runs through its own axis. The drill barrel (2) and the sampling cylinder (3) are both inserted into the connecting channel (6). The connecting cylinder (5) is fixed to the drill barrel (2) and the sampling cylinder (3) by two sets of bolts respectively.

3. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 1 or 2, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The sampling cylinder (3) includes a receiving cylinder (301) and a sampling sealing plate (302). The outer circumferential surface of the receiving cylinder (301) is provided with a sampling channel (3011) for extracting rock cores. The side wall of the receiving cylinder (301) with the sampling channel (3011) is also provided with a sampling receiving groove (10). The sampling sealing plate (302) slides and fits into the sampling receiving groove (10). When the sampling sealing plate (302) slides in the sampling receiving groove (10), the sampling channel (3011) gradually opens or gradually closes. The sampling sealing plate (302) is fixed to the receiving cylinder (301) by locking bolts (15).

4. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 3, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The sampling sealing plate (302) is fixedly connected to a sampling fixing plate (11), and the accommodating cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to two accommodating fixing plates (12). The sampling fixing plate (11) has a through sampling fixing hole (13), and both accommodating fixing plates (12) have accommodating fixing holes (14) corresponding to and through the sampling fixing hole (13). The locking bolt (15) is threadedly fitted with a locking nut (16). When the locking bolt (15) is sequentially inserted into one of the accommodating fixing holes (14) and the sampling fixing hole (13) and threadedly fitted with the locking nut (16), the sampling channel (3011) is opened or closed.

5. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 1, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sampling cylinder (3) is provided with at least two sliding grooves (17) that are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the sampling cylinder (3) and extend along the axis of the sampling cylinder (3). The locking assembly is provided with multiple sets corresponding to the sliding grooves (17). The locking assembly includes a sliding block (18), a friction block (19), and a support spring (20). The sliding block (18) is slidably engaged with the sliding groove (17). The friction block (19) is rotatably mounted on the sliding block (18). One end of the support spring (20) is connected to the sliding block (18), and the other end is connected to the friction block (19). The support spring (20) is located at the free end of the sliding block (18) away from the drill cylinder (2). The friction block (19) extends out of the sliding groove (17) under the elastic force of the support spring (20). The core sampling assembly is used to drive the sliding block (18) to slide in the sliding groove (17).

6. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 5, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The core extraction assembly includes a core extraction motor (23), a winding shaft (24), a steel wire rope (25), and a telescopic rod (26). The winding shaft (24) is rotatably mounted on the sampling cylinder (3). The core extraction motor (23) drives the winding shaft (24) to rotate. Multiple steel wire ropes (25) and telescopic rods (26) are provided in correspondence with sliding blocks (18). The telescopic rod (26) includes a first rod body (261), a second rod body (262), and a telescopic spring (263). The second rod body (262) is fixedly mounted on the sampling cylinder (3). The first rod body (261) passes through and slides... The telescopic spring (263) is located between the first rod (261) and the second rod (262) and applies a spring force to the first rod (261) to move away from the second rod (262). The end of each first rod (261) away from the second rod (262) is connected to each sliding block (18). One end of each wire rope (25) is connected to each first rod (261), and the other end is fixedly connected to the winding shaft (24). The wire rope (25) passes through the second rod (262) and slides with the second rod (262).

7. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 6, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The winding shaft (24) is coaxially fixedly mounted with a driven gear (27), which is located near the middle of the winding shaft (24). The output end of the core-taking motor (23) is fixedly mounted with a driving gear (28), which meshes with the driven gear (27).

8. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill barrel (2) has multiple extension grooves (22) that correspond one-to-one with and are connected to the sliding groove (17) at one end facing the sampling barrel (3). Each sliding block (18) is slidably engaged with each extension groove (22). A fixed stop block (35) is slidably engaged in the extension groove (22). The fixed stop block (35) is fixed to the extension groove (22) by a stop block fixing member.

9. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the sliding block (18) and the sliding groove (17) are both T-shaped. A ball (42) is provided on the side of the sliding block (18) facing the sliding groove (17), and the ball (42) rolls and engages with the sliding groove (17).

10. A TBM cutterhead according to claim 1, capable of enabling advanced geological exploration during construction, characterized in that: The drive jacking assembly includes a drive motor (29), a support plate (30), a telescopic cylinder (31), and a base (32). The support plate (30) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (29). The telescopic cylinder (31) is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate (30) away from the drive motor (29). The base (32) is fixedly installed on the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (31). The sampling cylinder (3) is installed on the side of the base (32) away from the telescopic cylinder (31).

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