Power battery multi-field coupling in-situ test platform and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power battery multi-field coupling in-situ test platform and method, and relates to the technical field of battery test.The power battery multi-field coupling in-situ test platform comprises a test module and a data acquisition module, and the test module comprises an explosion-proof box inner container and an explosion-proof box inner container partition plate arranged in the explosion-proof box inner container; the explosion-proof box inner container partition plate divides the interior of the explosion-proof box inner container into a test area and a temperature and humidity control area, and the temperature and humidity control area is communicated with the test area through the explosion-proof box inner container air outlet. A battery clamp for fixing a battery, an extrusion needling mechanism for executing an extrusion needling test on the battery, and a drop hammer mechanism for executing a dynamic impact test on the battery are arranged in the test area; the data acquisition module comprises charging and discharging equipment, an electrochemical workstation, a multi-channel data recorder, a camera, an infrared thermal imager, a displacement sensor, a mechanical sensor, a stress sensor, a strain sensor and a thermocouple. And the actual performance of the power battery under the multi-dimensional working condition is comprehensively evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery testing technology, and in particular to a multi-field coupling in-situ testing platform and method for power batteries. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of new energy vehicles, the power battery is a crucial part of the vehicle's transmission system. Its main functions include providing power, storing energy, and supporting regenerative braking, directly affecting the vehicle's range, acceleration performance, safety, and other overall performance aspects. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of vehicle safety requirements and the increasing complexity of driving environments, the performance requirements of power batteries have also shown a trend towards diversification and high standardization.

[0003] While the existing testing methods and equipment can meet the basic requirements for routine performance testing of power batteries, they still have many limitations. The relevant testing systems can typically only simulate single or specific operating conditions, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the complex physical environments and variable operating conditions faced by batteries in actual use. This results in insufficient accuracy and comprehensiveness in battery performance evaluation, preventing researchers from accurately grasping the actual performance of the battery from a holistic perspective, thus affecting the efficiency of decision-making during battery design and optimization.

[0004] Furthermore, during actual operation, power batteries are subject to the coupled effects of various physical fields, including mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal fields. These interactions have a complex and multi-layered impact on battery performance. Traditional testing methods and data acquisition approaches often focus on a single physical factor, neglecting the complex coupling between these physical fields, resulting in one-sided and limited battery performance evaluation results. A singular testing and data acquisition method not only affects the accurate evaluation of battery performance but also hinders further innovation and breakthroughs in battery technology.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a multi-field coupling in-situ testing platform and method for power batteries that can simultaneously simulate multiple working conditions and cover comprehensive testing of multi-physical field interactions, so as to comprehensively evaluate the actual performance of power batteries under multi-dimensional working conditions and provide more accurate scientific basis for the safety, durability and performance improvement of batteries, is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-field coupling in-situ testing platform and method for power batteries, which can simultaneously simulate multiple working conditions and cover comprehensive testing of multi-physical field interactions, so as to comprehensively evaluate the actual performance of power batteries under multi-dimensional working conditions and provide more accurate scientific basis for the safety, durability and performance improvement of batteries.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries, comprising:

[0008] The testing module includes an explosion-proof box liner and an explosion-proof box liner partition located inside the explosion-proof box liner. The explosion-proof box liner partition divides the interior of the explosion-proof box liner into a test area and a temperature and humidity control area. The temperature and humidity control area is connected to the test area through the air outlet of the explosion-proof box liner to adjust the temperature and humidity of the test area. The test area is equipped with a battery clamp for fixing the battery, a compression and puncture mechanism for performing compression and puncture tests on the battery, and a drop hammer mechanism for performing dynamic impact tests on the battery.

[0009] The data acquisition module includes a charging and discharging device, an electrochemical workstation, a multi-channel data logger, a camera located in the test area, an infrared thermal imager located in the test area, displacement and mechanical sensors located in the extrusion and needle-punching mechanism, stress and strain sensors located in the battery, and thermocouples located in the core area of ​​the battery to measure temperature. The charging and discharging device and the electrochemical workstation are electrically connected to the battery, and the multi-channel data logger is used to monitor and record the battery's state parameters.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the test module further includes:

[0011] The explosion-proof enclosure includes an upper shell and a lower shell that are detachably connected to the upper shell. The inner liner of the explosion-proof enclosure is located inside the upper shell.

[0012] The explosion-proof enclosure base frame is connected to the bottom of the lower shell of the explosion-proof enclosure.

[0013] The explosion-proof box door is hinged to the outer shell of the explosion-proof box to keep the inner liner of the explosion-proof box in a sealed environment.

[0014] The electrical control box is detachably connected to the side of the explosion-proof enclosure away from the door of the explosion-proof enclosure.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the explosion-proof enclosure includes an explosion-proof enclosure shell, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor located in the test area, an explosion-proof enclosure air duct located in the temperature and humidity control area, a heater located in the temperature and humidity control area, and an evaporator located in the temperature and humidity control area. The temperature sensor and humidity sensor are connected to the explosion-proof enclosure shell to detect the temperature and humidity of the test area. The heater is connected to a water tank through a first pipe to heat the water delivered to the heater into water vapor. The evaporator contains a coolant for absorbing heat. The explosion-proof enclosure air outlet is located at the top of the explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure air duct has a vortex structure and is connected to the explosion-proof enclosure air outlet to ensure that air and water vapor are fully mixed before entering the test area.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the electrical control box includes an electrical control box body, a water filling box, an electrical control box door, and a power distribution box. The water filling box is connected to the water tank and is movably connected to the electrical control box body for adding water to the water tank. The power distribution box is located inside the electrical control box body and is used to supply power to the extrusion needle mechanism, the drop hammer mechanism, and the heater. The electrical control box door is hinged to the electrical control box body for sealing the interior of the electrical control box body.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the explosion-proof enclosure base frame includes an explosion-proof enclosure base frame body, a condenser, a compressor, a water tank, explosion-proof enclosure base frame casters, and explosion-proof enclosure adjustable feet. The condenser, compressor, and water tank are all connected to the top of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body and located inside the lower shell of the explosion-proof enclosure. The condenser and compressor are connected via a third pipe. The explosion-proof enclosure base frame casters are connected to the four bottom corners of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body to support the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body. The explosion-proof enclosure adjustable feet are connected to the bottom of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body to adjust the height of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the extrusion needle punching mechanism includes a lifting platform connected to the inner liner of the explosion-proof box, a cylinder connected to the top of the lifting platform, cylinder covers located at both ends of the cylinder, a piston rod movably connected to the cylinder, and a drive motor connected to the piston rod. The drive motor is used to drive the piston rod to extend and retract relative to the cylinder, and the lifting platform is used to adjust the height of the cylinder.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the drop hammer mechanism includes a drop hammer mechanism mounting base connected to the inner liner of the explosion-proof box, a lifting platform connected to the drop hammer mechanism mounting base and extending vertically, a lifting slider slidably connected to the lifting platform, a horizontal light track connected to the lifting slider and extending horizontally, a horizontal slider slidably connected to the horizontal light track, and an electromagnet connected to the bottom of the horizontal slider. The lifting slider is used to drive the horizontal light track to move in the extension direction of the lifting platform, and the horizontal slider is used to drive the electromagnet to move in the extension direction of the horizontal light track.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the battery clamp includes a battery clamp mounting base connected to the inner liner of an explosion-proof box, a clamp body connected to the battery clamp mounting base, a bottom tray movably connected to the clamp body, and a top clamping mechanism movably connected to the clamp body. The bottom tray is used to place the battery and adjust the height of the battery, and the top clamping mechanism is used to move in the horizontal direction to fix the battery.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the system also includes a light gas cannon and a target box. The inner shell of the explosion-proof box has a first through hole. The light gas cannon includes a trolley, a gunpowder chamber connected to the trolley, a pump pipe connected to the trolley, a high-pressure section connected to the trolley, and a launching tube connected to the trolley. The gunpowder chamber is connected to the input end of the pump pipe, the high-pressure section is connected to the output end of the pump pipe, and the launching tube is connected to the high-pressure section and the first through hole. The target box has a second through hole coaxially arranged with the first through hole.

[0022] Based on the above, this application also provides an in-situ testing method for multi-field coupling of power batteries, applicable to any of the above-mentioned in-situ testing platforms for multi-field coupling of power batteries. The in-situ testing method for multi-field coupling of power batteries includes:

[0023] Place the battery to be tested in the battery clamp within the test area;

[0024] Adjust the temperature and humidity within the test area according to the test requirements;

[0025] The test batteries undergo standardized pretreatment, which includes constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and constant current discharging.

[0026] Collect mechanical performance data recorded by displacement sensors, mechanical sensors, stress sensors, and strain sensors during battery testing by the extrusion needle and drop hammer mechanisms; and / or, collect electrochemical performance data of batteries tested by charging and discharging equipment and electrochemical workstations; and / or, collect thermal performance data of batteries tested by thermocouples and infrared thermal imagers.

[0027] Analyze the collected data and complete the tests.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The test module's test area is equipped with battery clamps for fixing the battery; the temperature and humidity control area of ​​the test module adjusts the temperature and humidity within the test area according to test requirements; then, the test battery undergoes standardized pretreatment; wherein, the standardized pretreatment includes constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and constant current discharging. The test area is equipped with a compression needle penetration mechanism for performing compression needle penetration tests on the battery and a drop hammer mechanism for performing dynamic impact tests on the battery; these are used to test the mechanical properties of the battery, and mechanical property data are recorded using displacement sensors, force sensors, stress sensors, and strain sensors. Charging and discharging equipment and an electrochemical workstation are electrically connected to the battery for testing its electrochemical performance. An infrared thermal imager is installed within the test area, and thermocouples for measuring temperature are deployed within the core area of ​​the battery for monitoring its thermal performance. The test platform integrates multiple physical field testing functions, including force, electricity, and heat. Its core lies in replacing traditional single-scenario external testing methods with in-situ testing methods under the synergistic effect of multiple physical fields, significantly improving the accuracy of performance parameter evaluation and the repeatability and reliability of data under actual working conditions of power batteries. This setup allows for comprehensive testing that simultaneously simulates multiple operating conditions and covers the interaction of multiple physical fields. This enables a complete evaluation of the actual performance of power batteries under various operating conditions, providing more accurate scientific evidence for the safety, durability, and performance improvement of batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner liner of the constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof box after removing one side of the shell, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof enclosure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical control box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof box door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof box base provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion needle punching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the falling hammer mechanism and battery clamp provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lightweight air cannon provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the data acquisition module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the camera mounting bracket provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is an overall flowchart of the multi-field in-situ coupling test method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the mechanical data acquisition process for the multi-field in-situ coupling test method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0044] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of the electrochemical data acquisition process for the multi-field in-situ coupling testing method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0045] Figure 16 This is a flowchart of the thermal data acquisition process for the multi-field in-situ coupling test method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0046] Figure 17 This is a data processing flowchart of the multi-field in-situ coupling test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] in:

[0048] 1-Test module; 11-Constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof box; 111-Explosion-proof box inner liner; 1111-Explosion-proof box shell; 1112-Explosion-proof box inner liner reinforcing rib; 1113-Explosion-proof box inner liner front panel; 1114-Temperature sensor; 1115-Humidity sensor; 1116-Explosion-proof box inner liner air outlet; 1117-Explosion-proof box inner liner partition; 1118-Explosion-proof box inner liner air duct; 1119-Heater; 11110-Evaporator; 112-Explosion-proof box outer shell; 1121-Explosion-proof box outer shell upper shell; 112 2-Explosion-proof enclosure lower shell; 1123-Explosion-proof enclosure handle; 1124-Fan; 1125-Explosion-proof enclosure storage box; 113-Electrical control box; 1131-Electrical control box body; 1132-Water filling box; 1133-Electrical control box door; 1134-Distribution box; 1135-Electrical control box handle; 1136-Electrical control box storage box; 114-Explosion-proof enclosure door; 1141-Control panel; 1142-Explosion-proof enclosure door body; 1143-Explosion-proof enclosure door viewing window; 1144-Explosion-proof enclosure door hook lock; 11 5-Explosion-proof enclosure base frame; 1151-Explosion-proof enclosure base frame main body; 1152-Condenser; 1153-Compressor; 1154-Water tank; 1155-Explosion-proof enclosure base frame casters; 1156-Explosion-proof enclosure adjusting feet; 12-Extrusion needle punching actuator; 121-Drive motor; 122-Gearbox; 123-Base; 124-Lower cylinder head; 125-Cylinder block; 126-Upper cylinder head; 127-Piston rod; 128-Top support platform; 129-Connecting arm; 1210-Bottom support platform; 1211 - Needle-piercing mechanism base; 13- Drop hammer mechanism; 131- Adjustment handle; 132- Lifting slider; 133- Lifting platform; 134- Bottom of lifting platform; 135- Drop hammer mechanism mounting base; 136- Adapter plate; 137- Horizontal light track; 138- Horizontal slider; 139- Electromagnet; 1310- Support; 14- Battery clamp; 141- Clamp body; 142- Top clamping mechanism; 143- Bottom tray; 144- Bottom of battery clamp; 145- Battery clamp mounting base; 146- Target box; 151-Gunpowder chamber; 152-Pump pipe; 153-High voltage section; 154-Launch tube; 155-Trolley; 2-Data acquisition module; 21-Charging and discharging equipment; 22-Electrochemical workstation; 23-Multi-channel data recorder; 24-Camera mounting bracket; 25-Camera; 26-Infrared thermal imager; 241-Bracket mounting base; 242-Support slide rail; 243-Slider; 244-Adjusting arm; 245-Mounting arm. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top" and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the position or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations of this invention.

[0052] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-field coupling in-situ testing platform and method for power batteries, which can simultaneously simulate multiple working conditions and cover comprehensive testing of multi-physical field interactions, so as to comprehensively evaluate the actual performance of power batteries under multi-dimensional working conditions and provide more accurate scientific basis for the safety, durability and performance improvement of batteries.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 11To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an in-situ testing platform for multi-field coupling of power batteries, including a testing module 1 and a data acquisition module 2. The testing module 1 includes an explosion-proof inner chamber 111 and an explosion-proof inner chamber partition 1117 disposed inside the explosion-proof inner chamber 111. The explosion-proof inner chamber partition 1117 divides the interior of the explosion-proof inner chamber 111 into a test area and a temperature and humidity control area. The temperature and humidity control area is connected to the test area through an air outlet 1116 of the explosion-proof inner chamber to adjust the temperature and humidity of the test area. The test area is equipped with a battery clamp 14 for fixing the battery and a compression clamp for performing a compression and needle penetration test on the battery. The battery includes a needle-punch mechanism and a drop hammer mechanism 13 for performing dynamic impact tests on the battery. The data acquisition module 2 includes a charge / discharge device 21, an electrochemical workstation 22, a multi-channel data logger 23, a camera 25 located within the test area, an infrared thermal imager 26 located within the test area, displacement and mechanical sensors located within the needle-punch mechanism, stress and strain sensors located within the battery, and thermocouples located in the core area of ​​the battery to measure temperature. The charge / discharge device 21 and the electrochemical workstation 22 are electrically connected to the battery. The multi-channel data logger 23 is used to monitor and record the battery's state parameters. The data acquisition module 2 is used to acquire multi-dimensional data of the battery in real time during the testing process, including visual, load, strain, stress, electrochemical, and thermal information.

[0054] Specifically, camera 25 is connected to a computer via an Ethernet interface to transmit image data in real time; mechanical sensors, displacement sensors, stress sensors, strain sensors, and thermocouples are connected to multi-channel data logger 23 via analog signal and data interfaces, respectively, to synchronously collect various physical parameters such as load, displacement, stress, strain, and temperature; electrochemical workstation 22 is connected to a computer via a USB interface to collect and analyze the battery's electrochemical data; infrared thermal imaging camera 25 is connected to a computer via an Ethernet interface to acquire real-time images of the heat distribution on the battery surface and its surrounding environment, thereby enabling monitoring of the thermodynamic state.

[0055] The test area of ​​test module 1 is equipped with battery clamps 14 for fixing the battery. The temperature and humidity control area of ​​test module 1 adjusts the temperature and humidity within the test area according to the test requirements. The test battery then undergoes standardized pretreatment, including constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and constant current discharging. The test area is equipped with a compression needle penetration mechanism for performing compression needle penetration tests on the battery and a drop hammer mechanism 13 for performing dynamic impact tests on the battery. These mechanisms are used to test the mechanical properties of the battery, and mechanical performance data is recorded using displacement sensors, force sensors, stress sensors, and strain sensors. A charge / discharge device 21 and an electrochemical workstation 22 are electrically connected to the battery for testing its electrochemical performance. An infrared thermal imager 26 is installed within the test area to monitor the thermal performance of the battery. The test platform integrates multiple physical field testing functions, including thermal, electrical, and mechanical testing. Its core advantage lies in using in-situ testing methods under the synergistic effect of multiple physical fields to replace traditional single-scenario external testing methods, significantly improving the accuracy of performance parameter evaluation and the repeatability and reliability of data under actual working conditions of the power battery. This setup allows for comprehensive testing that simultaneously simulates multiple operating conditions and covers the interaction of multiple physical fields. This enables a complete evaluation of the actual performance of power batteries under various operating conditions, providing more accurate scientific evidence for the safety, durability, and performance improvement of batteries.

[0056] Please see Figure 4In one possible implementation, the test module 1 further includes an explosion-proof enclosure 112, an explosion-proof enclosure base frame 115, an explosion-proof enclosure door 114, and an electrical control box 113. The explosion-proof enclosure 112 includes an upper shell 1121 and a lower shell 1122 detachably connected to the upper shell 1121. The upper shell 1121 is formed by welding sheet metal and is used to constitute the upper structure of the explosion-proof enclosure 112. The lower shell 1122 of the explosion-proof enclosure is assembled by bolts, and its side wall is provided with a locking mechanism. The front part is provided with a forward-protruding mounting part for installing the air conditioner outdoor fan 1124. The upper shell 1121 of the explosion-proof enclosure and the lower shell 1122 of the explosion-proof enclosure can be bolted together to form an integral sealed structure. The inner liner 111 of the explosion-proof enclosure is located inside the upper shell 1121 of the explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure 112 also includes an explosion-proof enclosure handle 1123, a fan 1124 and an explosion-proof enclosure storage box 1125. A handle 1123 is installed on the lower shell 1122 of the explosion-proof enclosure for easy opening of the side panel of the lower shell 1122. A fan 1124 is bolted to the top of the upper shell 1121 of the explosion-proof enclosure, with its fan blades located inside the air duct 1118 of the inner liner, used to achieve forced mixing of gases within the temperature and humidity control area and gas exchange with the test area. A storage box 1125 is bolted to a predetermined location inside or outside the outer shell 112 of the explosion-proof enclosure for storing equipment accessories, tools, and other auxiliary items. A base frame 115 is bolted to the bottom of the lower shell 1122 of the explosion-proof enclosure.

[0057] Please see Figure 6 The explosion-proof enclosure door 114 is hinged to the outer shell 1121 of the explosion-proof enclosure to keep the inner liner 111 of the explosion-proof enclosure in a sealed environment. This hinge is a precision hinge using a hinge chain to ensure flexible opening and closing and excellent sealing performance. The explosion-proof enclosure door 114 includes a control panel 1141, the main body 1142, a viewing window 1143, and a hook lock 1144. The explosion-proof enclosure door body 1142 is welded from sheet metal and serves as the main load-bearing component of the explosion-proof enclosure door 114. The control panel 1141 is welded to the explosion-proof enclosure door body 1142 and is used to control the working status of various devices inside the explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure door viewing window 1143 is bolted to the explosion-proof enclosure door body 1142 and is used to observe the internal situation of the explosion-proof enclosure. The explosion-proof enclosure door hook lock 1144 is bolted to the explosion-proof enclosure door body 1142 and the outer shell 1121 of the explosion-proof enclosure and is used to lock the explosion-proof enclosure door 114 to ensure the safety of the explosion-proof enclosure. The electrical control box 113 is detachably connected to the side of the explosion-proof enclosure shell 112 away from the explosion-proof enclosure door 114.

[0058] Please see Figure 3In one possible implementation, the explosion-proof enclosure liner 111 includes an explosion-proof enclosure shell 1111, a temperature sensor 1114 and a humidity sensor 1115 located in the test area, an explosion-proof enclosure liner air duct 1118 located in the temperature and humidity control area, a heater 1119 located in the temperature and humidity control area, and an evaporator 11110 located in the temperature and humidity control area. The temperature sensor 1114 and the humidity sensor 1115 are connected to the explosion-proof enclosure shell 1111 for real-time detection of the temperature and humidity of the test area, and the detection signals are used for feedback adjustment. The explosion-proof enclosure liner 111 also includes an explosion-proof enclosure liner reinforcing rib 1112 and an explosion-proof enclosure liner front panel 1113.

[0059] The explosion-proof enclosure shell 1111 is formed by welding sheet metal and is connected to the inner liner reinforcing ribs 1112 and the front panel 1113 of the inner liner by welding. The inner liner air outlet 1116 and the inner liner partition 1117 are bolted to the explosion-proof enclosure shell 1111. The air outlet 1116 is used to regulate airflow, and the partition 1117 is used to isolate the test area from the temperature and humidity control area. The inner liner air duct 1118 has a vortex structure and communicates with the inner liner air outlet 1116 to ensure thorough mixing of air and water vapor before entering the test area. The bottom bracket of the inner liner air duct 1118 is bolted to the side panel of the explosion-proof enclosure shell 1111, and the inner liner air outlet 1116 is located at the top of the inner liner 111. Heater 1119 is installed on the back plate of explosion-proof enclosure 1111. Heater 1119 is connected to water tank 1154 via a first pipe and is used to heat the water delivered to heater 1119 into water vapor to regulate the humidity of the test area. Evaporator 11110 is connected to explosion-proof enclosure 1111 by bolts and is connected to compressor 1153 via a second pipe to control the temperature of the test area by absorbing heat through the coolant in evaporator 11110.

[0060] Please see Figure 5In one possible implementation, the electrical control box 113 includes an electrical control box body 1131, a water filling box 1132, an electrical control box door 1133, and a distribution box 1134. The electrical control box 113 also includes an electrical control box handle 1135 and an electrical control box storage box 1136. The electrical control box body 1131 is formed by welding sheet metal and is used to accommodate the water filling box 1132, the distribution box 1134, and other related components. The water filling box 1132 is connected to the water tank 1154 and is movably connected to the electrical control box body 1131 via a slide rail. When the water filling box 1132 is opened relative to the electrical control box body 1131, it can be used to add water to the water tank 1154. The electrical control box door 1133 is rotatably connected to the electrical control box body 1131 via a hinge and is equipped with a locking mechanism to seal the interior of the electrical control box body 1131 and prevent unauthorized opening. The distribution box 1134 is located inside the electrical control box body 1131. Specifically, the distribution box 1134 is bolted to the electrical control box body 1131 and is used to supply power to the various components in the constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof box 11. It may, but is not limited to, supplying power to the extrusion needle mechanism, the drop hammer mechanism 13, and the heater 1119. The electrical control box handle 1135 is installed on the electrical control box door 1133 to facilitate opening or closing the electrical control box door 1133. The electrical control box storage box 1136 is welded to the electrical control box body 1131 and is used to store tools, spare parts, and other auxiliary items.

[0061] Please see Figure 7 In one possible implementation, the explosion-proof enclosure base frame 115 includes an explosion-proof enclosure base frame body 1151, a condenser 1152, a compressor 1153, a water tank 1154, explosion-proof enclosure base frame casters 1155, and explosion-proof enclosure adjustable feet 1156. The explosion-proof enclosure base frame body 1151 is welded from sheet metal and serves as the main load-bearing part of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame 1155. The condenser 1152, compressor 1153, and water tank 1154 are all connected to the top of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body 1151 and located inside the lower shell 1122 of the explosion-proof enclosure. The condenser 1152 and compressor 1153 are bolted to the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body 1151, and are connected to each other via a third pipe to form a cooling system. The water tank 1154 is welded to the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body 1151 and serves as part of a humidity control system. It is connected to a heater 1119 via the first pipe for humidity control. The explosion-proof box base frame casters 1155 are bolted to the four bottom corners of the explosion-proof box base frame body 1151 to support the explosion-proof box base frame body 1151 and enable the explosion-proof box to move. The explosion-proof box adjusting feet 1156 are welded to the bottom of the explosion-proof box base frame body 1151 to adjust the height of the explosion-proof box base frame body 1151 so as to maintain the stability of the explosion-proof box base frame 115 under different ground conditions, thereby maintaining the stability of the explosion-proof box.

[0062] Please see Figure 8 In one possible implementation, the extrusion needle-punching mechanism includes a lifting platform connected to the inner liner 111 of the explosion-proof box, a cylinder 125 connected to the top of the lifting platform, cylinder heads located at both ends of the cylinder 125, a piston rod 127 movably connected to the cylinder 125, and a drive motor 121 drivenly connected to the piston rod 127. The extrusion needle-punching mechanism also includes a gearbox 122 and a base 123. The cylinder heads include a lower cylinder head 124 located at one end of the cylinder 125 and an upper cylinder head 126 located at the other end of the cylinder 125. The housing of the drive motor 121 is connected to the housing of the gearbox 122 by bolts, and the output end of the drive motor 121 is connected to the gearbox 122 by a key connection. The gearbox 122 is internally driven, and the outer shell of the gearbox 122 is bolted to the base 123. The cylinder body 125 is bolted to the lower cylinder head 124 and to the upper cylinder head 126, and the lower cylinder head 124 is connected and fixed to the base 123. The lifting platform includes a needle-punching mechanism base 1211 welded to the inner liner of the explosion-proof box 111, a bottom support platform 1210 bolted to the needle-punching mechanism base 1211, and a top support platform 128 connected to the bottom support platform 1210 via a connecting arm 129. The cylinder body 125 is bolted to the top support platform 128, and the lifting platform is used to adjust the height of the cylinder body 125.

[0063] The output end of the gearbox 122 is connected to the piston rod 127, enabling the piston rod 127 to extend and retract relative to the cylinder 125 via the drive motor 121, for performing a compression and piercing operation on the battery. Specifically, the drive motor 121 transmits power to the gearbox 122 via a key connection. The output end of the gearbox 122 further transmits power to the cylinder 125 located on one side of the base 123 via a belt drive mechanism. The cylinder 125 is equipped with a worm gear mechanism to drive the piston rod 127 to move axially, thereby causing the compression and piercing assembly to apply external force to the battery cell in a preset direction, achieving accurate simulation of battery damage under specific loads.

[0064] Please see Figure 9In one possible implementation, the drop hammer mechanism 13 includes a drop hammer mechanism mounting base 135 fixedly connected to the inner liner 111 of the explosion-proof box by welding, a lifting platform 133 connected to the drop hammer mechanism mounting base 135 and extending vertically, a lifting slider 132 slidably connected to the lifting platform 133, a horizontal light track 137 connected to the lifting slider 132 and extending horizontally, a horizontal slider 138 slidably connected to the horizontal light track 137, and an electromagnet 139 connected to the bottom of the horizontal slider 138. Among them, a lifting platform bottom 134 is provided between the falling hammer mechanism mounting base 135 and the lifting platform 133. The lifting platform bottom 134 is installed on the falling hammer mechanism mounting base 135 by bolts. There are two of each of the falling hammer mechanism mounting base 135, lifting platform bottom 134, lifting platform 133 and lifting slider 132, and they correspond one to one. Supports 1310 are provided at both ends of the transverse light track 137. The supports 1310 are connected to the corresponding lifting slider 132 through the adapter plate 136. The adapter plate 136 is connected to the lifting slider 132 and the support 1310 by bolts to achieve the function of being detachable. The drop hammer mechanism 13 also includes an adjustment handle 131 connected to the lifting platform 133 for driving the lifting slider 132 to move in the extension direction of the lifting platform 133. The adjustment handle 131 drives the lifting slider 132 through a gear and rack to control its lifting and lowering, and drives the transverse light track 137 to move in the extension direction of the lifting platform 133 through the lifting slider 132. The lifting platform 133 has a scale and a locking mechanism to achieve precise control of the overall height of the transverse light track 137, the transverse slider 138, and the electromagnet 139. The transverse slider 138 is used to drive the electromagnet 139 to move in the extension direction of the transverse light track 137. The transverse light track 137 has a locking mechanism to ensure the accurate position of the transverse slider 138. The electromagnet 139 is bolted to the transverse slider 138 to release the drop hammer.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the battery clamp 14 includes a battery clamp mounting base 145 fixedly connected to the inner liner 111 of an explosion-proof box by welding, a clamp body 141 connected to the battery clamp mounting base 145, a bottom tray 143 movably connected to the clamp body 141, and a top clamping mechanism 142 movably connected to the clamp body 141. A battery clamp 14 connecting part is provided between the battery clamp mounting base 145 and the clamp body 141, and the battery clamp 14 connecting part is bolted to the battery clamp mounting base 145. The top clamping mechanism 142 is slidably connected to the clamp body 141 via a sliding block. After the top clamping mechanism 142 moves horizontally into position, it is fixed to the clamp body 141 by bolts. The top clamping mechanism 142 is used to move horizontally to fix the battery. Specifically, after the top clamping mechanism 142 moves to the battery terminal, it is connected to the battery terminal by bolts, thus fixing the battery's position. In this way, the top clamping mechanism 142 can accommodate batteries of different sizes. Similarly, the bottom tray 143 is slidably connected to the clamp body 141 via another set of sliding sliders. After the bottom tray 143 moves vertically into place, it is fixed to the clamp body 141 by bolts. The bottom tray 143 is used to place the battery and adjust the height of the battery.

[0066] Please see Figure 10 In one possible implementation, the in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries also includes a light gas cannon and a target box 146. The explosion-proof housing 1111 has a first through hole. The target box 146 is used for ballistic penetration testing protection to prevent bullets from missing the target and damaging the equipment. The target box 146 has a second through hole coaxially arranged with the first through hole. The light gas cannon includes a trolley 155, a propellant chamber 151 connected to the trolley 155, a pump pipe 152 connected to the trolley 155, a high-voltage section 153 connected to the trolley 155, and a launching tube 154 connected to the trolley 155. The propellant chamber 151, pump pipe 152, high-voltage section 153, and launching tube 154 are all fixed and installed on the trolley 155 by brackets. The support 1310 is bolted to the fixing parts of other components to ensure the stable support and safe operation of the entire light gas cannon. The input end of the gunpowder chamber 151 and the pump pipe 152 are connected by threads to ensure sealing and stability; the output end of the high-pressure section 153 and the pump pipe 152 are connected by high-pressure threads to withstand the high-pressure environment and ensure reliable gas flow transmission; the launching tube 154 is connected to the high-pressure section 153 and the first through hole, and the connection between the launching tube 154 and the high-pressure section 153 is also a high-pressure thread connection to achieve stable gas release and effective launch.

[0067] Please see Figure 12In one possible implementation, both the camera 25 and the infrared thermal imager 26 are connected to a camera mounting bracket 24. The camera mounting bracket 24 includes a bracket mounting base 241 bolted to the inner liner 111 of the explosion-proof box, a support slide rail 242 connected to the bracket mounting base 241, a slider 243 slidably connected to the support slide rail 242, an adjusting arm 244 connected to the slider 243 via a first ball joint, and a mounting arm 245 connected to the adjusting arm 244 via a second ball joint. The end of the mounting arm 245 facing away from the adjusting arm 244 is connected to the camera 25 or the infrared thermal imager 26. The slider 243 can move along the extension direction of the support slide rail 242, thereby causing the adjusting arm 244 to move along the extension direction of the support slide rail 242, and in turn causing the camera 25 or the infrared thermal imager 26 to move along the extension direction of the support slide rail 242, so as to adjust the distance between the camera 25 or the infrared thermal imager 26 and the battery in the extension direction of the support slide rail 242. The adjusting arm 244 is connected to the slider 243 via the first ball joint and to the mounting arm 245 via the second ball joint. The adjusting arm 244 and the mounting arm 245 can adjust the camera 25 or the infrared thermal imager 26 in various directions.

[0068] Please see Figure 13 Based on the above, this application also provides a method for in-situ testing of multi-field coupling of power batteries, applicable to any of the aforementioned power battery multi-field coupling in-situ testing platforms. The method includes: placing the battery under test in a battery clamp 14 within the test area; adjusting the temperature and humidity within the test area according to test requirements; performing standardized pretreatment on the test battery; wherein the standardized pretreatment includes constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and constant current discharging; collecting mechanical performance data recorded by displacement sensors, mechanical sensors, stress sensors, and strain sensors during battery testing by the extrusion needle penetration mechanism and the drop hammer mechanism 13; and / or collecting electrochemical performance data of the battery tested by the charging and discharging equipment 21 and the electrochemical workstation 22; and / or collecting thermal performance data of the battery tested by the infrared thermal imager 26; analyzing the collected data and completing the test.

[0069] Specifically, firstly, the battery to be tested is placed in the battery clamp 14 within the test area. Secondly, necessary adjustments are made to the test module 1 according to the testing requirements, including but not limited to replacing different specifications of pressure heads or needles, adjusting the weight and release height of the drop hammer, installing the metal projectile, and setting the temperature and humidity parameters of the explosion-proof chamber. Based on this, the test battery undergoes standardized pretreatment. The specific steps are as follows: The power battery is placed in the constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof chamber 11, according to... Charge at a constant current rate until the termination voltage is reached, then switch to constant voltage charging. Stop charging when the charging current drops to 0.05C; after charging is complete, let it rest for 30 minutes, then charge at a constant voltage rate. The battery is discharged at a constant current rate until the discharge termination condition is met. After discharge, it is left to stand for 1 hour. This charge-discharge process is repeated five times to complete the battery pretreatment. Subsequently, the appropriate test mode is selected according to the experimental requirements, including but not limited to: over-discharge mode, overcharge mode, heating mode, external short circuit mode, temperature cycling mode, squeeze and needle penetration mode, fast charge cycle safety mode, drop hammer mode, and ballistic penetration mode. During the test, mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal data are acquired in real time through data acquisition module 2. Finally, the data analysis and processing module processes, analyzes, and stores the acquired data to form the final test results.

[0070] Based on this, different experimental tests are conducted according to the test items:

[0071] Over-discharge mode: After adjusting the state of charge of the power battery to the termination voltage using the charging and discharging device 21, discharge it with a constant current of 1C for 30 minutes, then stop discharging and let it stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0072] Overcharge mode: Use charging and discharging equipment 21 to charge the power battery to 115% of the termination voltage at a constant current of 0.5C, then stop charging and let it stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0073] Heating mode: The power battery is heated from ambient temperature to 130℃ using an explosion-proof enclosure at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and maintained at this temperature for 30 minutes before heating is stopped. Subsequently, the power battery is left to stand at ambient temperature for 1 hour.

[0074] External short circuit mode: Short-circuit the positive and negative terminals of the test battery externally, maintain the short circuit state for 10 minutes and then disconnect it. After completion, let the power battery stand at the test ambient temperature for 1 hour.

[0075] Temperature cycling mode: Through the constant temperature and humidity explosion-proof chamber 11, according to The rate was reduced from 25°C to -40°C, and this temperature was maintained for 90 minutes, then... After the rate increases to 25°C, according to The rate was increased to 85°C, and this temperature was maintained for 110 minutes, then... The rate was reduced to 25°C. After cycling at the above temperature 5 times, the power battery was left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0076] Squeeze and needle puncture mode: After adjusting the power battery to the preset working state using the charging and discharging device 21, perform mechanical squeezing / needling in the set state, control the force, displacement, speed and contact point, and after completion, let the power battery stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0077] Safety mode after fast charging cycle: Adjust the power battery to 20% SOC using charging and discharging device 21, and let it rest for 30 minutes. Then charge the battery to 80% SOC according to the manufacturer's charging method, and let it rest for another 30 minutes. Repeat this process 300 times, and then perform a battery short circuit test.

[0078] Dynamic impact mode: After the battery is adjusted to the preset working state by the charging and discharging device 21, the data acquisition and control module releases the drop hammer precisely according to the preset time to impact the battery surface. After completion, the power battery is left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0079] Ballistic penetration mode: After the battery is adjusted to the preset working state through the charging and discharging device 21, a light air cannon is used to fire a metal projectile at a set speed at a designated part of the battery to simulate penetrating damage. After completion, the power battery is left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0080] Meanwhile, during the test, data acquisition module 2 simultaneously acquires data. Camera 25 records the experimental phenomena, mechanical and displacement sensors record the displacement and load application of the actuator, stress and strain sensors record the stress and strain changes of the power battery during the test, electrochemical workstation 22 monitors the battery's voltage changes, current fluctuations, impedance changes, and capacity degradation during the test, temperature sensor 1114 measures the temperature changes of key battery components, and infrared thermal imaging camera 25 records the temperature distribution on the battery surface. The aforementioned mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal data are input to multi-channel data logger 23 via a wiring harness, achieving comprehensive data acquisition.

[0081] Finally, the data analysis and processing module saves the test results and prints out the final results in the form of charts and graphs.

[0082] Please see Figure 14 Mechanical data acquisition includes, but is not limited to, the measurement of displacement, load, stress, and strain. First, before the test begins, mechanical and displacement sensors are deployed according to the test requirements and connected to the actuator. Simultaneously, stress and strain sensors are placed at appropriate locations on the battery cells. Second, the mechanical and displacement sensors deployed on the actuator record the displacement and load applied to the actuator in real time; simultaneously, the stress and strain sensors deployed on the battery cells record the stress and strain changes experienced by the battery during the test. Further, a multi-channel data logger 23 converts the sensor electrical signals into digital signals and transmits them to the data analysis and processing module. Finally, the data analysis and processing module processes and analyzes the acquired digital signals, including but not limited to generating charts and calculating relevant mechanical parameters.

[0083] Please see Figure 15 Electrochemical data acquisition includes, but is not limited to, the acquisition of parameters such as voltage, current, impedance, and capacity. First, before the experiment begins, individual battery cells are connected to the charge / discharge device 21 and the electrochemical workstation 22 via wires, connectors, or other electrical connection components. Second, the charge / discharge device 21 is used to acquire and record the voltage and current changes of the individual battery cells in real time during the charge / discharge process; simultaneously, the electrochemical workstation 22 is used to acquire and record the capacity and impedance changes of the individual battery cells in real time. Further, the charge / discharge device 21 and the electrochemical workstation 22 transmit the acquired data to the data analysis and processing module via digital transmission methods (e.g., Ethernet, serial communication, wireless transmission, etc.). Finally, the data analysis and processing module processes and analyzes the received electrochemical data, specifically including but not limited to data fitting, curve plotting, and electrochemical parameter calculation.

[0084] Please see Figure 16 Thermal data acquisition includes, but is not limited to, temperature measurement of key components of individual battery cells and acquisition of the overall temperature distribution of the battery (e.g., temperature cloud map). First, before the experiment begins, thermocouples are placed at multiple key locations within the battery cells to achieve accurate local temperature measurement; simultaneously, an infrared thermal imager 26 is set up to perform comprehensive infrared imaging of the battery cell surface. Second, during the experiment, thermocouples are used to collect real-time temperature change data at each measuring point; the infrared thermal imager 26 is used to dynamically record the surface temperature distribution of the battery cells, forming continuous temperature cloud map information. Further, a multi-channel data logger 23 collects the output signals from the thermocouples and transmits them, along with the data output from the infrared thermal imager 26, to the data analysis and processing module via digital transmission methods (e.g., wired or wireless communication). Finally, the data analysis and processing module performs unified processing and analysis on the received thermal data, specifically including but not limited to temperature data fitting, thermal distribution map generation, key thermal parameter calculation, and thermal behavior evaluation.

[0085] Please see Figure 17 After receiving the collected mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal data, the data processing and analysis module performs detailed analysis on each type of data. Specifically, firstly, the module preprocesses each individual data point, including noise reduction and data smoothing, to ensure data accuracy and usability. Next, a multi-field coupling method is used to couple the mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal data to reveal the interactions between different physical fields. Finally, the data after multi-field coupling analysis is visualized according to user requirements. Output formats include, but are not limited to, charts, heatmaps, or graphs, to intuitively display the comprehensive performance under different testing stages and conditions.

[0086] This application enables synchronous data acquisition and real-time feedback of batteries under various operating conditions, including thermal shock, external mechanical load, current load, and environmental changes. By conducting multi-field linkage testing on the power battery in situ, this application not only obtains more representative experimental data and avoids measurement errors caused by disassembly and transfer in traditional testing, but also reveals the evolution mechanism of battery materials and structures under the coupling effects of different physical fields. This provides theoretical basis and experimental support for battery performance optimization, structural design, and safety protection. The testing platform, based on this application's technical solution, features high integration, modularity, scalability, and testing accuracy. It can be widely applied to the performance evaluation and R&D process of power batteries in the electric vehicle field, effectively improving the operational reliability and safety of batteries under multiple operating conditions and environments. By replacing traditional single-test methods with multi-physics in-situ testing technology, the accuracy and reliability of power battery performance evaluation are significantly improved. This platform, combined with various testing equipment, can accurately simulate the performance of power batteries under different operating conditions, thus comprehensively reflecting the actual performance of batteries in complex environments.

[0087] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0089] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-field coupling in-situ testing platform for power batteries, characterized in that, include: The test module (1) includes an explosion-proof box liner (111) and an explosion-proof box liner partition (1117) located inside the explosion-proof box liner (111). The explosion-proof box liner partition (1117) divides the interior of the explosion-proof box liner (111) into a test area and a temperature and humidity control area. The temperature and humidity control area is connected to the test area through the explosion-proof box liner air outlet (1116) to adjust the temperature and humidity of the test area. The test area is provided with a battery clamp (14) for fixing the battery, a compression needle penetration mechanism for performing a compression needle penetration test on the battery, and a drop hammer mechanism (13) for performing a dynamic impact test on the battery. The data acquisition module (2) includes a charging and discharging device (21), an electrochemical workstation (22), a multi-channel data logger (23), a camera (25) located in the test area, an infrared thermal imager (26) located in the test area, a displacement sensor and a mechanical sensor located in the extrusion needle mechanism, a stress sensor and a strain sensor located in the battery, and a thermocouple located in the core area of ​​the battery to measure the temperature. The charging and discharging device (21) and the electrochemical workstation (22) are electrically connected to the battery. The multi-channel data logger (23) is used to monitor and record the state parameters of the battery.

2. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test module (1) also includes: The explosion-proof enclosure (112) includes an upper shell (1121) and a lower shell (1122) detachably connected to the upper shell (1121), wherein the inner liner (111) is located inside the upper shell (1121); The explosion-proof box base frame (115) is connected to the bottom of the lower shell (1122) of the explosion-proof box; The explosion-proof box door (114) is hinged to the outer shell (1121) of the explosion-proof box, so as to keep the inner liner (111) of the explosion-proof box in a sealed environment; The electrical control box (113) is detachably connected to the side of the explosion-proof box shell (112) away from the explosion-proof box door (114).

3. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion-proof enclosure liner (111) includes an explosion-proof enclosure shell (1111), a temperature sensor (1114) located in the test area, a humidity sensor (1115) located in the test area, an explosion-proof enclosure liner air duct (1118) located in the temperature and humidity control area, a heater (1119) located in the temperature and humidity control area, and an evaporator (11110) located in the temperature and humidity control area. The temperature sensor (1114) and the humidity sensor (1115) are connected to the explosion-proof enclosure shell (1111) and are used to detect the test... The temperature and humidity of the test area are controlled by the heater (1119), which is connected to the water tank (1154) through the first pipe to heat the water delivered to the heater (1119) into water vapor. The evaporator (11110) is equipped with a coolant for absorbing heat. The air outlet (1116) of the explosion-proof box liner is located at the top of the explosion-proof box liner (111). The air duct (1118) of the explosion-proof box liner has a vortex structure and is connected to the air outlet (1116) of the explosion-proof box liner so that the air and water vapor are fully mixed before entering the test area.

4. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrical control box (113) includes an electrical control box body (1131), a water filling box (1132), an electrical control box door (1133), and a power distribution box (1134). The water filling box (1132) is connected to the water tank (1154) and is movably connected to the electrical control box body (1131) for adding water to the water tank (1154). The power distribution box (1134) is located inside the electrical control box body (1131) for supplying power to the extrusion needle mechanism, the drop hammer mechanism (13), and the heater (1119). The electrical control box door (1133) is hinged to the electrical control box body (1131) for sealing the interior of the electrical control box body (1131).

5. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The explosion-proof enclosure base frame (115) includes an explosion-proof enclosure base frame body (1151), a condenser (1152), a compressor (1153), a water tank (1154), explosion-proof enclosure base frame casters (1155), and explosion-proof enclosure adjusting feet (1156). The condenser (1152), the compressor (1153), and the water tank (1154) are all connected to the top of the explosion-proof enclosure base frame body (1151) and located in the lower shell of the explosion-proof enclosure. Inside 1122), the condenser (1152) and the compressor (1153) are connected by a third pipe. The explosion-proof box base casters (1155) are connected to the four bottom corners of the explosion-proof box base body (1151) to support the explosion-proof box base body (1151). The explosion-proof box adjusting feet (1156) are connected to the bottom of the explosion-proof box base body (1151) to adjust the height of the explosion-proof box base body (1151).

6. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion needle mechanism includes a lifting platform connected to the inner liner (111) of the explosion-proof box, a cylinder (125) connected to the top of the lifting platform, cylinder covers located at both ends of the cylinder (125), a piston rod (127) movably connected to the cylinder (125), and a drive motor (121) drively connected to the piston rod (127). The drive motor (121) is used to drive the piston rod (127) to extend and retract relative to the cylinder (125), and the lifting platform is used to adjust the height of the cylinder (125).

7. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drop hammer mechanism (13) includes a drop hammer mechanism mounting base (135) connected to the inner liner (111) of the explosion-proof box, a lifting platform (133) connected to the drop hammer mechanism mounting base (135) and extending vertically, a lifting slider (132) slidably connected to the lifting platform (133), a horizontal light track (137) connected to the lifting slider (132) and extending horizontally, a horizontal slider (138) slidably connected to the horizontal light track (137), and an electromagnet (139) connected to the bottom of the horizontal slider (138). The lifting slider (132) is used to drive the horizontal light track (137) to move in the extension direction of the lifting platform (133), and the horizontal slider (138) is used to drive the electromagnet (139) to move in the extension direction of the horizontal light track (137).

8. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery clamp (14) includes a battery clamp mounting base (145) connected to the inner liner (111) of the explosion-proof box, a clamp body (141) connected to the battery clamp mounting base (145), a bottom tray (143) movably connected to the clamp body (141), and a top clamping mechanism (142) movably connected to the clamp body (141). The bottom tray (143) is used to place the battery and adjust the height of the battery, and the top clamping mechanism (142) is used to move in the horizontal direction to fix the battery.

9. The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a light air cannon and a target box (146). The explosion-proof box shell (1111) is provided with a first through hole. The light air cannon includes a trolley (155), a gunpowder chamber (151) connected to the trolley (155), a pump pipe (152) connected to the trolley (155), a high-pressure section (153) connected to the trolley (155), and a launching tube (154) connected to the trolley (155). The gunpowder chamber (151) is connected to the input end of the pump pipe (152), the high-pressure section (153) is connected to the output end of the pump pipe (152), and the launching tube (154) is connected to the high-pressure section (153) and the first through hole. The target box (146) is provided with a second through hole coaxially arranged with the first through hole.

10. A method for in-situ testing of multi-field coupling in power batteries, characterized in that, The in-situ multi-field coupling test platform for power batteries as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the in-situ multi-field coupling test method for power batteries includes: The battery to be tested is placed in the battery clamp (14) within the test area; Adjust the temperature and humidity within the test area according to the testing requirements; The test battery undergoes standardized pretreatment; wherein, the standardized pretreatment includes constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and constant current discharging; Collect mechanical performance data recorded by the displacement sensor, the mechanical sensor, the stress sensor and the strain sensor during battery testing by the extrusion needle mechanism and the drop hammer mechanism (13); and / or, collect electrochemical performance data of the battery tested by the charging and discharging device (21) and the electrochemical workstation (22); and / or, collect thermal performance data of the battery tested by the thermocouple and the infrared thermal imager (26); Analyze the collected data and complete the tests.

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