Multiple suppression method and device and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a multiple suppression method and device and a medium, and relates to the field of petroleum seismic exploration, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the dynamic correction of a seismic trace in a CRP trace gather, and obtaining the dynamic correction time difference of the seismic trace; determining near offset data and middle and far offset data according to the dynamic correction time difference of the seismic channel; performing data processing and superposition processing on the medium and far offset data to obtain a multiple model; converting the near-offset data to a common-offset domain, and performing superposition processing and dynamic correction processing on the near-offset data to obtain data of a plurality of multiple target layers; inputting the multiple pieces of multiple wave target layer data into a multiple wave model for multiple wave suppression to obtain corresponding target near offset data; and performing multiple suppression on the middle and far offset data to obtain target middle and far offset data, and merging the target near offset data and the target middle and far offset data to obtain target data. Through the method, the problem that effective waves and multiple waves in near-offset data are difficult to separate is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oil seismic exploration, in particular to a multiple wave suppression method, device and medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of seismic data processing, multiple waves are regarded as a kind of serious coherent noise, which can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and affect the authenticity and reliability of seismic data imaging.

[0003] In the prior art, the seismic data is usually transformed from the t-x domain to other domains in which the primary wave and the multiple wave can be obviously separated by using the velocity difference between the effective wave and the multiple wave, and the multiple wave is filtered and the effective wave is reserved by setting a band-stop filter. The filtering method based on the difference between the effective wave and the multiple wave has good application effect only under the condition that the travel time difference between the effective wave and the multiple wave at the middle and far offset distance is obvious. However, when the underground medium is complex, the separability of the effective wave and the multiple wave on the gather cannot be well satisfied, especially when the travel time difference between the effective wave and the multiple wave at the near offset distance is small, direct application of the filtering method cannot effectively attenuate the multiple wave, and even the effective wave can be damaged. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a multiple wave suppression method, device and medium, and aims to solve the problem of difficulty in separating the effective wave and the multiple wave in the near offset distance data in the related technology.

[0005] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a multiple wave suppression method, and the method comprises:

[0006] The dynamic correction time difference of the seismic trace in the CRP gather is obtained by performing dynamic correction on the seismic trace.

[0007] The near offset distance data and the middle and far offset distance data are determined according to the dynamic correction time difference of the seismic trace.

[0008] The middle and far offset distance data is subjected to data processing and stacking processing to obtain a multiple wave model.

[0009] The near offset distance data is converted to the common offset distance domain, and the near offset distance data converted to the common offset distance domain is subjected to stacking processing and dynamic correction processing to obtain a plurality of multiple wave target layer data.

[0010] The plurality of multiple wave target layer data is input to the multiple wave model for multiple wave suppression to obtain corresponding target near offset distance data.

[0011] The middle and far offset distance data is subjected to multiple wave suppression to obtain target middle and far offset distance data, and the target near offset distance data and the target middle and far offset distance data are merged to obtain target data.

[0012] Optionally, before converting the near offset data to common offset domain, and stacking and NMO correcting the near offset data converted to common offset domain to obtain a plurality of multiple wave target layer data, the method further comprises:

[0013] stacking the near offset data and the middle and far offset data respectively to obtain full offset target data;

[0014] dividing the full offset target data according to a preset depth range to obtain a plurality of full offset single layer data.

[0015] Optionally, the converting the near offset data to common offset domain, and stacking and NMO correcting the near offset data converted to common offset domain to obtain a plurality of multiple wave target layer data comprises:

[0016] converting the near offset data to common offset domain;

[0017] correcting the near offset data converted to common offset domain based on constant time difference to obtain first near offset data;

[0018] stacking the first near offset data to obtain second near offset data;

[0019] dividing the second near offset data according to a preset depth range to obtain a plurality of near offset multiple wave target layer data;

[0020] NMO correcting the plurality of near offset multiple wave target layer data by the full offset single layer data to obtain a plurality of corresponding multiple wave target layer data.

[0021] Optionally, the inputting the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to the multiple wave model to suppress multiple wave to obtain corresponding target near offset data comprises:

[0022] dividing the multiple wave model according to the preset depth range to obtain a plurality of single layer multiple wave model;

[0023] inputting the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to the corresponding single layer multiple wave model to suppress multiple wave in the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to obtain corresponding target near offset data.

[0024] Optionally, the inputting the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to the corresponding single layer multiple wave model to suppress multiple wave in the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to obtain corresponding target near offset data comprises:

[0025] Input the multiple wave target layer data into a corresponding single layer multiple wave model, and perform multiple wave filtering on the multiple wave target layer data through a development time window and an angle range of the single layer multiple wave model to obtain corresponding target single layer data;

[0026] Determine the target single layer data corresponding to all multiple wave target layer data as the target near offset data.

[0027] Optionally, the obtaining of the moveout of the seismic trace in the CRP gather comprises:

[0028] Performing moveout processing on the seismic trace in the CRP gather based on time to obtain the moveout of the seismic trace;

[0029] Determining the seismic trace with the moveout less than a preset value as the near offset data;

[0030] Determining the seismic trace with the moveout greater than the preset value as the middle and far offset data.

[0031] Optionally, the data processing and stacking processing of the middle and far offset data to obtain a multiple wave model comprises:

[0032] Performing effective wave filtering processing on the middle and far offset data to obtain middle and far offset filtering data;

[0033] Performing inverse moveout processing on the middle and far offset filtering data based on effective wave velocity to obtain middle and far offset inverse moveout data;

[0034] Performing velocity analysis on the middle and far offset inverse moveout data to determine a multiple wave velocity field corresponding to the middle and far offset inverse moveout data;

[0035] Performing stacking processing on the middle and far offset inverse moveout data based on respective velocities in the multiple wave velocity field to obtain a multiple wave model.

[0036] Optionally, the merging of the target near offset data and the target middle and far offset data to obtain target data comprises:

[0037] Converting the target near offset data to a CRP domain, and merging the target middle and far offset data and the target near offset data converted to the CRP domain to obtain first target data;

[0038] Re-sorting the first target data to a CRP domain according to a preset parameter to obtain target data.

[0039] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in the method according to any one of the first aspect.

[0040] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method according to any one of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0041] Advantages:

[0042] The present application provides a multiple wave suppression method, the method comprising: obtaining a moveout of a seismic trace in a CRP gather by performing a moveout correction on the seismic trace; determining near offset data and middle-far offset data according to the moveout of the seismic trace; performing data processing and stacking processing on the middle-far offset data to obtain a multiple wave model; converting the near offset data to a common offset domain and performing stacking processing and moveout correction on the near offset data converted to the common offset domain to obtain a plurality of multiple wave target layer data; inputting the plurality of multiple wave target layer data to the multiple wave model to perform multiple wave suppression to obtain corresponding target near offset data; performing multiple wave suppression on the middle-far offset data to obtain target middle-far offset data, and merging the target near offset data and the target middle-far offset data to obtain target data.

[0043] The present application determines near offset data and middle-far offset data by classifying CRP gathers, processes the middle-far offset data to obtain a multiple wave model, processes the near offset data to obtain multiple wave target layer data, and inputs the multiple wave target layer data to the multiple wave model to suppress multiple waves in the multiple wave target layer data, thereby realizing suppression of multiple waves in the near offset data. The method can effectively suppress multiple waves in the near offset data, and avoids the problems of damage to effective waves or incomplete suppression of multiple waves in the separation process of effective waves and multiple waves in the near offset data using the multiple wave suppression technology in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 is a multiple wave suppression method flowchart provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a before-and-after comparison effect of multiple wave suppression according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of effective wave filtering of middle and far offset data according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a multiple wave velocity field according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a multiple wave model according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 , a multiple wave suppression method flowchart is provided in the embodiment. Figure 1

[0052] S11: obtaining a moveout of a seismic trace in the CRP gather by performing moveout correction on the seismic trace.

[0053] In the embodiment, the CRP gather refers to a common reflection point gather. In seismic data acquisition, when a reflection interface is horizontal, different common shotpoint gathers on a survey line can always find different traces, which all come from a common point on the underground interface, and the point is called a common reflection point. The corresponding recording traces with the common reflection point form a common reflection point gather. The seismic trace refers to recording seismic wave data. In the present application, the seismic wave data includes effective wave data and multiple wave data.

[0054] Specifically, in the process of seismic exploration, when a seismic wave propagates in a stratum, the propagation velocity changes with the change of the lithology of the stratum, which causes the distortion of the waveform of the seismic wave received on the ground. In order to eliminate the waveform distortion caused by the change of the stratum velocity, it is necessary to perform moveout correction on the seismic record. By performing moveout correction on the seismic trace in the CRP gather, the time change of the seismic trace before and after the moveout correction is obtained, and the difference between the before and after times is the moveout.

[0055] S12: determining near offset data and middle and far offset data according to the size of the moveout of the seismic trace.

[0056] ​Specifically, when the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is large, the multiple wave can be filtered out by the multiple wave filtering technology, and when the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is small, the multiple wave filtering technology cannot completely suppress the multiple wave, and even the primary wave can be damaged in the suppression, so in the embodiment of the present application, the seismic wave data recorded by the seismic trace is divided into near offset data and middle-far offset data according to the moveout size of the seismic trace. The near offset data represents the part of the primary wave data and the multiple wave data in the seismic wave data, in which the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is small, and the middle-far offset data represents the part of the primary wave data and the multiple wave data in the seismic wave data, in which the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is large.

[0057] S13: performing data processing and stacking processing on the middle-far offset data to obtain a multiple wave model.

[0058] Specifically, since the primary wave can be effectively filtered out by the primary wave filtering technology when the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is large, the middle-far offset data representing the meaning that the moveout difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is large can be processed by data processing to obtain the middle-far offset data after filtering out the primary wave. Then, the middle-far offset data after filtering out the primary wave is subjected to data stacking processing, in which the stacking processing is to stack a plurality of seismic records with similarity or correlation according to certain criteria, that is, to stack a plurality of multiple wave data into a unique new multiple wave data set according to a certain parameter. The multiple wave data set is the multiple wave model.

[0059] S14: converting the near offset data to the common offset domain, and performing stacking processing and moveout processing on the near offset data converted to the common offset domain to obtain a plurality of multiple wave target layer data.

[0060] In the embodiment, the CRP domain refers to organizing and arranging the seismic data according to the common reflection point, so that different traces with the same reflection point are placed in the same position, and the near offset data and the middle-far offset data exist in the CRP domain. Since the primary wave data and the multiple wave data are distributed in the near offset data and the middle-far offset data in the CRP domain, the stacking processing of the primary wave data and the multiple wave data occurs in the near offset data and the middle-far offset data, and the near offset data represents the meaning that the moveout difference between the multiple wave and the primary wave is small, so the primary wave and the multiple wave cannot be separated by the multiple wave filtering technology, and thus in the embodiment, the near offset data is converted to the common offset domain to perform separate data processing on the near offset data and suppress the multiple wave in the near offset data.

[0061] Specifically, the near-offset data is converted into a common offset domain, and the multiple wave data and the effective wave data in the near-offset data are stacked based on a parameter, preferably time, after the near-offset data converted into the common offset domain is stacked based on the parameter. Since the converted data may have a time difference from the data before conversion, the near-offset data after stacking is processed by dynamic correction based on time one by one according to the divided intervals, so as to obtain multiple wave target layer data, so that the time represented by the multiple wave target layer data is consistent with the time represented by the multiple wave model.

[0062] S15: inputting the multiple wave target layer data into the multiple wave model for multiple wave suppression to obtain corresponding target near-offset data.

[0063] Specifically, since the multiple wave and the effective wave in the near-offset data interfere together due to a small difference in dynamic correction time difference, but there is a certain difference in the inclination of the same phase axis, the related suppression parameters of the multiple wave found by the multiple wave model can distinguish the multiple wave and the effective wave, so the multiple wave target layer data obtained from the near-offset data is input into the multiple wave model, the multiple wave target layer data is compared with the multiple wave in the multiple wave model, the multiple wave in the multiple wave target layer data is screened out, and the multiple wave is suppressed, and the data obtained after the multiple wave target layer data is screened out and the multiple wave is suppressed by the multiple wave model is the target near-offset data.

[0064] S16: performing multiple wave suppression on the middle and far offset data to obtain target middle and far offset data, and merging the target near-offset data and the target middle and far offset data to obtain target data.

[0065] Specifically, the multiple wave and the effective wave in the middle and far offset data in the CRP domain have a large difference in dynamic correction time difference, and can be filtered out by multiple wave filtering technology. Preferably, the middle and far offset data can use the Radon transform method to suppress the multiple wave part with a large dynamic correction time difference in the τ-Ρ domain, and the target middle and far offset data can be obtained after the multiple wave in the middle and far offset data is suppressed. The middle and far offset data and the target near-offset data are merged, and the target data completely suppressed by the multiple wave is obtained.

[0066] By the multiple wave suppression method provided in the application, the multiple wave and the effective wave with a small difference in dynamic correction time difference in the near-offset data can be effectively separated, the precision of multiple wave suppression is improved, and the problems of damage to the effective wave or incomplete suppression of the multiple wave in the separation process of the effective wave and the multiple wave in the near-offset data by the conventional multiple wave suppression technology are avoided.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present application, before step S14, the multiple wave suppression method further comprises:

[0068] S21: respectively stack the near offset data and the middle-far offset data to obtain full offset target data.

[0069] In the present embodiment, since the near offset data may have a time error in the process of conversion to the common offset domain, and since the multiple wave model is determined by the middle-far offset data in the CRP domain, it is necessary to compare and correct the time of the converted near offset data with the time of the unconverted middle-far offset data. In the CRP domain, both the near offset data and the middle-far offset data have multiple waves and effective waves, and since the waves continue to propagate, the time of the middle-far offset data is based on the time of the near offset data, and when the middle-far offset data is stacked, the near offset data is also stacked.

[0070] Specifically, the middle-far offset data in the CRP domain is stacked, and at the same time, the near offset data is also stacked, and the obtained middle-far offset data and near offset data are combined into full offset target data.

[0071] S22: dividing the full offset target data according to a preset depth range to obtain a plurality of full offset single layer data.

[0072] Specifically, the full offset target data is divided into layers according to the preset underground depth range, for example, the data obtained from 0-100m underground is divided into first layer data, and the data obtained from 100-200m underground is divided into second layer data. Therefore, the full offset target data is divided according to the preset depth range, thereby obtaining a plurality of full offset single layer data after division, so as to compare the time of the plurality of full offset single layer data in the CRP domain with the time of the converted near offset data in the common offset domain.

[0073] In another embodiment of the present application, step S14 comprises:

[0074] S31: converting the near offset data to the common offset domain.

[0075] S32: correcting the near offset data converted to the common offset domain based on a constant time difference to obtain first near offset data.

[0076] S33: stacking the first near offset data to obtain second near offset data.

[0077] Specifically, the near offset data in the CRP domain is converted to the common offset domain. Since the converted near offset data needs to be stacked, the time of the near offset data needs to be aligned before stacking, so as to facilitate the subsequent stacking based on time. That is, the converted near offset data is corrected based on the corresponding constant time difference, and the corrected near offset data is the first near offset data, wherein the constant time difference is determined by the distance from the obtained data to the source.

[0078] The obtained first near offset data is further stacked based on the aligned time, and the stacked first near offset data is obtained.

[0079] S34: The second near offset data is divided according to the preset depth range, and a plurality of near offset multiple wave target layer data is obtained.

[0080] S35: The plurality of near offset multiple wave target layer data is dynamically corrected by the full offset single layer data, and a plurality of corresponding multiple wave target layer data is obtained.

[0081] Specifically, the second offset data after stacking is divided into a plurality of near offset multiple wave target layer data according to the preset depth range, wherein the preset depth range for dividing the second near offset data is consistent with the preset depth range for dividing the full offset target data, so that the near offset multiple wave target layer data obtained after division corresponds to the full offset single layer data one by one.

[0082] The near offset multiple wave target layer data is compared with the corresponding full offset single layer data in time, and the corresponding near offset multiple wave target layer data is dynamically corrected based on the time of the full offset single layer data, to obtain multiple wave target layer data. After the dynamic correction of all near offset multiple wave target layer data is completed, a plurality of multiple wave target layer data is obtained.

[0083] In another embodiment of the present application, step S15 comprises:

[0084] S41: The multiple wave model is divided according to the preset depth range, and a plurality of single layer multiple wave model is obtained.

[0085] S42: The plurality of multiple wave target layer data is input into the corresponding single layer multiple wave model, and the multiple wave in the plurality of multiple wave target layer data is suppressed, to obtain corresponding target near offset data.

[0086] Specifically, the obtained multiple wave model is divided into multiple single layer multiple wave models according to a preset depth range, and the preset depth range used for dividing the multiple wave model is consistent with the preset depth range used for dividing the second near offset distance data, so that the single layer multiple wave model obtained after the division corresponds to the multiple wave target layer data one by one.

[0087] Then, the multiple wave target layer data is input into the corresponding single layer multiple wave model, the multiple wave in the multiple wave target layer data is filtered out through the single layer multiple wave model, and the multiple wave is suppressed. After suppressing all the multiple wave target layer data through the corresponding single layer multiple wave model, the target near offset distance data is obtained. As shown in Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a comparison effect diagram before and after multiple wave suppression. In Figure 2 , the left diagram represents the diagram before multiple wave suppression, and the right diagram represents the diagram after multiple wave suppression, as shown in Figure 2 , before multiple wave suppression, there is a transverse wave shown in the left diagram near the position of the vertical coordinate of 3600, which represents multiple wave, and after multiple wave suppression, there is no transverse wave shown in the right diagram near the position of the vertical coordinate of 3600, which represents multiple wave.

[0088] The transverse wave shown in the left diagram near the vertical coordinate of 3600 in the right diagram

[0089] In another embodiment of the present application, step S42 comprises:

[0090] S51: input the multiple wave target layer data into the single layer multiple wave model corresponding to the multiple wave target layer data, filter out the multiple wave in the multiple wave target layer data through the development time window and the dip angle range of the single layer multiple wave model, and obtain the target single layer data corresponding to the multiple wave target layer data.

[0091] S52: determine the target single layer data corresponding to all the multiple wave target layer data as the target near offset distance data.

[0092] Specifically, since there is a difference between the isochronal dip angles of the multiple wave and the effective wave, the development time window and the dip angle range in the single layer multiple wave model are set as two suppression parameters to filter out the multiple wave satisfying the two suppression parameters, and then the multiple wave target layer data input into the single layer multiple wave model is filtered and removed, and the target single layer data in which the multiple wave has been suppressed is obtained.

[0093] After inputting all the multiple wave target layer data into the single layer multiple wave model corresponding to the multiple wave target layer data, multiple target single layer data are obtained, and the collection of all the target single layer data is the target near offset distance data, which is the near offset distance data after multiple wave suppression.

[0094] In another embodiment of the present application, step S11 comprises:

[0095] S61: performing NMO correction on the seismic traces in the CRP gather based on time to obtain NMO time differences of the seismic traces.

[0096] S62: determining the seismic traces with NMO time differences less than a preset value as the near offset data.

[0097] S63: determining the seismic traces with NMO time differences greater than the preset value as the middle-far offset data.

[0098] Specifically, since the NMO time difference between the multiple wave and the effective wave is small, the multiple wave and the effective wave interfere with each other, at this time, the multiple wave and the effective wave are difficult to separate, and it is more difficult to suppress the multiple wave, if the multiple wave filtering technology is used, the effective wave will be damaged, while the NMO time difference between the multiple wave and the effective wave is large, the multiple wave filtering technology can be used to filter the multiple wave. Therefore, in the present application, the preset value is set for the NMO time difference to determine whether the multiple wave and the effective wave can be filtered by the multiple wave filtering technology.

[0099] The seismic traces in the CRP gather are processed based on time to obtain the NMO time differences of the seismic traces. The seismic traces with NMO time differences less than a preset value are divided into near offset data, at this time, it indicates that the multiple wave and the effective wave in the seismic trace interfere with each other, the multiple wave cannot be filtered by the multiple wave filtering technology, and the multiple wave in the near offset data needs to be filtered by the multiple wave model subsequently. The seismic traces with NMO time differences greater than the preset value are divided into middle-far offset data, at this time, it indicates that the multiple wave and the effective wave in the seismic trace are easy to separate, and the middle-far offset data can be stacked and then suppressed by the difference in the dip angle of the stratum. Preferably, the preset value can be 50 ms.

[0100] In another embodiment of the present application, step S13 comprises:

[0101] S71: performing effective wave filtering on the middle-far offset data to obtain middle-far offset filtered data.

[0102] Specifically, since the NMO time difference between the multiple wave and the effective wave in the middle-far offset data is large, the multiple wave and the effective wave are easy to separate, therefore, the effective wave filtering technology can be used to filter the effective wave in the middle-far offset data, preferably, the multi-channel dip filtering technology can be used to filter the effective wave to obtain the middle-far offset filtered data. As shown in a kind of effective wave filtering schematic diagram of middle-far offset data. Figure 3 The left side of the figure shows a schematic diagram of the middle-far offset data before effective wave filtering, and the right side of the figure shows a schematic diagram of the middle-far offset data after effective wave filtering.

[0103] S72: Perform the deconvolution processing on the medium-far offset filtered data based on the effective wave velocity to obtain medium-far offset deconvolution data.

[0104] S73: Perform the velocity analysis on the medium-far offset deconvolution data to determine the multiple wave velocity field corresponding to the medium-far offset deconvolution data.

[0105] Specifically, since the medium-far offset data is obtained by performing the deconvolution processing on the seismic traces, the deconvolution processing on the medium-far offset filtered data based on the effective wave velocity is needed to obtain the medium-far offset deconvolution data. Then, the velocity analysis is performed on the medium-far offset deconvolution data to obtain the multiple wave velocity, and the multiple wave velocity field is established according to the characteristics of the coaxial complete flatness of the multiple waves, such as a multiple wave velocity field diagram shown in FIG. 8. Figure 4

[0106] S74: Perform the stacking processing on the medium-far offset deconvolution data based on the respective corresponding velocity in the multiple wave velocity field to obtain the multiple wave model.

[0107] Specifically, the respective corresponding velocity of the medium-far offset deconvolution data can be obtained through the multiple wave velocity field, and the stacking processing is performed on the medium-far offset deconvolution data based on the corresponding velocity in the multiple wave velocity field to obtain the multiple wave model, such as a multiple wave model diagram shown in FIG. 9, in which the meaning represented by the horizontal wavy line is the multiple wave. Figure 5

[0108] In another embodiment of the present application, the step S16 comprises:

[0109] S81: Convert the target near offset data to the CRP domain, and merge the target medium-far offset data and the target near offset data converted to the CRP domain to obtain first target data.

[0110] S82: Re-sort the first target data to the CRP domain according to the preset parameters to obtain target data.

[0111] ​​Specifically, because the process of inputting the processed near offset data into the multiple wave model to obtain the target near offset data with suppressed multiple waves occurs in the common offset domain, the target near offset data is converted into the CRP domain before being combined with the target middle and far offset data, so that the target near offset data and the target middle and far offset data are combined in the CRP domain, and the first target data is obtained after the combination. The obtained first target data is reclassified according to the preset parameter, that is, the first target data is reclassified and sorted according to the preset parameter, and then the target data is obtained. Preferably, the preset parameter can be time or depth.

[0112] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps in the multiple wave suppression method of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0113] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program is executable on a processor to implement the steps in the multiple wave suppression method of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0114] The multiple wave suppression method, device and medium provided by the embodiments of the present application improve the multiple wave suppression precision, and avoid the problems of damage to effective waves or incomplete multiple wave suppression in the process of separating effective waves and multiple waves from near offset data in conventional multiple wave suppression techniques.

[0115] Each of the embodiments in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0116] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, device or computer program product. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can be in the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the embodiments of the present application can be in the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.

[0117] Although the preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to the embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0118] In the description of the application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description of the application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0119] Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the element. The character " / ", generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in a "or" relationship.

[0120] The above provides a multiple wave suppression method, device and medium, and the principle and implementation manner of the application are described in the text by applying specific examples. The above embodiment description is only used to help understand the method of the application and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation manner and application range will be changed, and the above description should not be understood as a limitation of the application.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing multiple waves, characterized in that, The method includes: The dynamic correction time difference of the seismic traces is obtained by performing dynamic correction on the seismic traces in the CRP trace set; Near-middle and far-middle migration data are determined based on the magnitude of the dynamic correction time difference of the seismic trace; The mid-to-long offset data is processed and superimposed to obtain a multiple wave model; The near-offset data is converted to the common-offset domain, and the near-offset data converted to the common-offset domain is superimposed and dynamically corrected to obtain multiple wavelet target layer data. The multiple target layer data are input into the multiple wave model for multiple wave suppression to obtain the corresponding target near offset data. Multiple wave suppressions are applied to the mid-to-long-range offset data to obtain the target mid-to-long-range offset data. The target near-range offset data and the target mid-to-long-range offset data are then merged to obtain the target data.

2. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before converting the near-offset data to the common-offset domain, and then performing superposition and dynamic correction processing on the near-offset data converted to the common-offset domain to obtain multiple waveguide target layer data, the method further includes: The near offset data and the mid-to-far offset data are superimposed to obtain the full offset target data. The target data with full offset is divided according to a preset depth range to obtain multiple single-layer data with full offset.

3. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process involves converting the near-offset data to the common-offset domain, and then performing superposition and dynamic correction processing on the converted near-offset data to obtain multiple waveguide target layer data, including: Convert the near offset data to the common offset domain; The near offset data converted to the common offset domain is corrected using a constant time difference as a reference to obtain the first near offset data; The first near offset data is superimposed to obtain the second near offset data; The second near-offset data is divided according to a preset depth range to obtain multiple near-offset multi-wave target layer data. Dynamic correction processing is performed on the multiple near-offset multiple target layer data using the full-offset single-layer data to obtain the corresponding multiple multiple target layer data.

4. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of inputting the multiple multiple target layer data into the multiple model for multiple suppression to obtain the corresponding target near-offset data includes: The multiple wave model is divided according to the preset depth range to obtain multiple single-layer multiple wave models; The multiple multiple target layer data are input into their respective single-layer multiple models to suppress the multiple waves in the multiple multiple target layer data, thereby obtaining the corresponding target near offset data.

5. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of inputting the multiple multiple target layer data into their respective corresponding single-layer multiple models, suppressing the multiples in the multiple multiple target layer data, and obtaining the corresponding target near-offset data includes: The target layer data of multiple waves is input into its corresponding single-layer multiple wave model. Through the development time window and dip angle range of the single-layer multiple wave model, multiple wave filtering is performed on the target layer data of multiple waves to obtain the corresponding target single-layer data. All the target single-layer data corresponding to the multi-wave target layer data are determined as the target near offset data.

6. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the dynamic correction time difference of seismic traces by performing dynamic correction on the seismic traces in the CRP trace set includes: The seismic traces in the CRP trace set are dynamically corrected based on time to obtain the dynamic correction time difference of the seismic traces; The seismic traces whose dynamic correction time difference is less than a preset value are identified as the near offset data; The seismic traces whose dynamic correction time difference is greater than the preset value are identified as the mid-to-long-range offset data.

7. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of processing and overlaying the mid-to-long-range offset data to obtain a multiple wave model includes: The mid-to-long offset data is subjected to effective wave filtering to obtain mid-to-long offset filtered data; The mid-to-long offset filtered data is processed with the effective wave velocity as the reference to obtain mid-to-long offset reaction correction data. Velocity analysis is performed on the mid-to-long offset reaction correction data to determine the multiple wave velocity field corresponding to the mid-to-long offset reaction correction data; The mid-to-long offset reaction correction data are superimposed with the corresponding velocities in the multiple wave velocity field as a reference to obtain the multiple wave model.

8. The multiple wave suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of merging the near offset data and the mid-to-far offset data of the target to obtain target data includes: The target near offset data is converted to the CRP domain, and the target mid-to-far offset data and the target near offset data converted to the CRP domain are merged to obtain the first target data; The first target data is re-sorted into the CRP field according to preset parameters to obtain target data.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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