A bidirectional battery charger predictive control method, device and equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of two-way battery charger prediction control method, device and equipment and readable storage medium, it is related to power electronics and electric drive technical field.The application comprises: first by outer ring and phase-locked loop obtains the grid current reference value of target power grid at current time;Then according to the grid current, determine the grid current prediction value and grid current reference value of the target power grid at next time;Again traverse all switch states of the two-way battery charger, according to the grid current prediction value and grid current reference value of the target power grid at next time, calculate the generation value corresponding to each switch state, and the switch state corresponding to minimum generation value is regarded as target switch state;Finally, based on the target switch state control target two-way battery charger.The above-mentioned method reduces overshoot and distortion, can flexibly meet the efficient charging and power grid interaction demand under different voltage levels, different power demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power electronics and electrical drive technology, and more specifically to a bidirectional battery charger predictive control method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As a key device for interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid, the technological development of bidirectional battery chargers has been continuously advanced with the popularization of electric vehicles and the demand for grid integration. Early chargers were mostly unidirectional designs, which could only realize the charging function from the grid to the vehicle, and could not meet the energy feedback needs from the vehicle to the grid, thus limiting the potential of electric vehicles as a distributed energy source.

[0003] With the increasing demand for bidirectional charging, bidirectional chargers have gradually become a research focus. However, traditional bidirectional chargers have many limitations. Regarding voltage compatibility, early products were mostly adapted to a single or narrow range of battery pack voltages, failing to meet the charging needs of different low-voltage and medium-voltage battery packs in electric vehicles. This required an additional conversion stage, increasing design complexity and cost. In terms of control technology, early models often employed a proportional-integral (PI) dual-loop control architecture, adjusting battery voltage / current through the outer loop and tracking grid current through the inner loop. However, this required separate parameter tuning for different battery voltages, resulting in complex design. Furthermore, a fixed PI coefficient was difficult to guarantee optimal performance over a wide voltage range, and distortion and increased losses were prone to occur during switching between boost and buck modes.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a predictive control method for bidirectional battery chargers that can overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a predictive control method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium for a bidirectional battery charger. It abandons traditional dual-loop PI control, employing a predictive control method instead of the inner loop. By dynamically selecting switching states to minimize the cost function, it eliminates the need for separate parameter tuning for different battery voltages, enabling unified control of grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid modes, and achieving smooth transitions between boost and buck modes. Because it eliminates the need for complex parameter tuning and unifies control between the two modes, it can quickly respond to changes in reference current, achieving stable tracking within a single grid cycle and reducing overshoot and distortion. Furthermore, the method in this application is not only applicable to bidirectional charging scenarios for low-voltage and medium-voltage electric vehicles, but can also be appropriately adjusted for use in charging systems for other types of energy storage devices, flexibly meeting the needs for efficient charging and grid interaction under different voltage levels and power requirements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a predictive control method for a bidirectional battery charger, the method comprising:

[0008] The reference value of the grid current of the target power grid at the current moment is obtained through the outer loop and the phase-locked loop;

[0009] Based on the grid current, determine the predicted grid current value and the reference grid current value of the target grid at the next moment;

[0010] Traverse all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next moment, and take the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state.

[0011] The target bidirectional battery charger is controlled based on the target switch state.

[0012] In some embodiments, determining the predicted grid current and the reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step based on the grid current includes:

[0013] Based on the grid current, the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment is determined using the Lagrange extrapolation method;

[0014] Based on the grid current, the predicted grid current value of the target grid at the next time moment is determined using the forward Euler discretization formula.

[0015] In some embodiments, all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger are traversed, and the cost value corresponding to each switching state is calculated based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time moment. The switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value is then taken as the target switching state, including:

[0016] The cost function is determined using the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step.

[0017] Based on the cost function, calculate the cost value corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger;

[0018] The switch state corresponding to the minimum cost is taken as the target switch state.

[0019] In some embodiments, controlling a target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switch state includes:

[0020] Obtain the grid voltage of the target power grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current moment;

[0021] Based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate in the target switch state; the operating mode includes grid-to-vehicle mode and vehicle-to-grid mode.

[0022] In some embodiments, based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, controlling the target bidirectional battery charger to operate in the target switching state includes:

[0023] When the target bidirectional battery charger is in grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to boost voltage in the target switch state.

[0024] If the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate at a reduced voltage in the target switch state.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0026] When the target bidirectional battery charger is in vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate at reduced voltage in the target switch state.

[0027] If the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to boost the voltage in the target switch state.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a bidirectional battery charger predictive control device, the device comprising:

[0029] The current acquisition module is used to acquire the reference value of the grid current of the target power grid at the current moment through a phase-locked loop;

[0030] The current prediction module is used to determine the predicted value of the grid current and the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment based on the grid current.

[0031] The state determination module is used to traverse all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current value and the grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment, and take the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state.

[0032] A charging control module is used to control the target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switch state.

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method provided in the first aspect.

[0034] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method provided in the first aspect.

[0035] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method provided in the first aspect.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The bidirectional battery charger predictive control method provided in this invention first obtains the grid current reference value of the target grid at the current moment through an outer loop and a phase-locked loop; then, based on the grid current, it determines the predicted grid current value and the grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment; next, it iterates through all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculates the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current value and the grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment, and takes the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state; finally, it controls the target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switching state. This method abandons the traditional dual-closed-loop PI control, adopts a predictive control method instead of the inner loop, minimizes the cost function by dynamically selecting the switching state, eliminates the need for separate parameter tuning for different battery voltages, and can uniformly achieve grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid mode control, and achieve smooth transition between boost and buck modes. Because it eliminates the need for complex parameter tuning and unifies the control of the two modes, it can quickly respond to changes in reference current, achieve stable tracking within one grid cycle, and reduce overshoot and distortion. Furthermore, the method in this application is not only applicable to bidirectional charging scenarios for low-voltage and medium-voltage electric vehicles, but can also be applied to charging systems for other types of energy storage devices by appropriate adjustments, flexibly meeting the needs for efficient charging and grid interaction under different voltage levels and power requirements.

[0037] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a predictive control method for a bidirectional battery charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional battery charger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 The figure shows the simulation results of a bidirectional battery charger predictive control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another bidirectional battery charger predictive control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This invention provides a bidirectional battery charger predictive control device according to one embodiment.

[0043] Figure 6 This is another bidirectional battery charger predictive control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is another bidirectional battery charger predictive control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that references to "an embodiment," "embodiment," "example embodiment," etc., in this specification refer to the described embodiment including specific features, structures, or characteristics; however, not every embodiment must include these specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions do not refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when describing specific features, structures, or characteristics in conjunction with embodiments, whether or not explicitly described, it is indicated that incorporating such features, structures, or characteristics into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0048] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a predictive control method for a bidirectional battery charger is provided, the specific method including:

[0050] S101 obtains the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the current moment through the outer loop and the phase-locked loop.

[0051] It should be noted that the method in this invention can be implemented in a bidirectional battery charger. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram for a bidirectional battery charger. The main circuit includes an inductor. , , , ,capacitance , and four pairs of complementary switches , and These represent the grid current and battery voltage, respectively. This is the grid voltage. Four pairs of complementary switches. It features 16 switching states, generating various voltage levels at the converter's input. These 16 possible switching states provide adaptive voltage level control at the input, enhancing the charger's performance under various battery and grid voltage conditions. The proposed circuit's input phase voltage... It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0052] ;

[0053] in, , 1 represents the corresponding switch being turned on, and 0 represents the corresponding switch being turned off. Indicates capacitance The voltage.

[0054] The input current can be determined by applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to the front-end loop of the charger and depends on the input voltage and the switching state of the charger. Assuming... The modeling equations for the charger are expressed in the continuous time domain as follows:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, This represents the current flowing through the inductor. Indicates inductance. Indicates the internal resistance of the inductor. Indicates the voltage value. .

[0057] When bidirectional battery charger control is required, the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the current moment can be obtained through the outer loop and phase-locked loop.

[0058] S102, Based on the grid current, determine the predicted grid current value and the reference grid current value of the target grid at the next moment.

[0059] Among them, the grid current prediction value is the current at the next moment obtained by predicting the target grid, and the grid current reference value is the actual value of the grid current at the next moment.

[0060] Specifically, based on the grid current, the reference value of the grid current at the next moment is determined using the Lagrange extrapolation method, with reference to the following formula:

[0061] ;

[0062] in, , It is the reference current at time k+1. This represents the current grid current at the current moment.

[0063] Based on the grid current, the predicted grid current value of the target grid at the next time step is determined using the forward Euler discretization formula, as shown in the following formula:

[0064] ;

[0065] in, It is the sampling time. This represents the predicted current at time k+1. It is the grid current at time k.

[0066] S103, iterate through all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next moment, and take the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state.

[0067] Specifically, the cost function can be determined using the predicted and reference values ​​of the target power grid current at the next time step; see the following formula for details:

[0068] ;

[0069] Based on the cost function, the cost value corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger is calculated; the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value is taken as the target switching state.

[0070] Substitute the predicted grid current and reference grid current corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger into the above formula (5) to obtain the cost value corresponding to each switching state, and take the switching state with the smallest cost value as the target switching state.

[0071] S104, Controlling the target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switch state.

[0072] Specifically, the system acquires the grid voltage of the target grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current moment; based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, it controls the target bidirectional battery charger to operate in the target switch state; the operating modes include grid-to-vehicle mode and vehicle-to-grid mode.

[0073] Optionally, when the target bidirectional battery charger operates in grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with boost voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with buck voltage in the target switch state. Conversely, when the target bidirectional battery charger operates in vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with buck voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with boost voltage in the target switch state.

[0074] For example, with Figure 2 Taking the circuit diagram as an example, in grid-to-vehicle mode, the bidirectional battery charger operates as a rectifier, switching between boost and buck modes depending on the grid and battery voltages. When the grid voltage... Below battery voltage At this time, the charger operates in boost mode. In this mode, the switch... and , , and They perform boost rectification together, and and No switching occurs. As a result, and It acts as a filter, helping Reduced volatility. When Below grid voltage At this time, the bidirectional battery charger operates in buck mode. In this mode, the switch... and and and Together, they achieve the voltage reduction operation, and No switching occurs. In this case... , , and An input-side low-pass filter is formed, effectively reducing high-order harmonics in the grid current, thereby improving power quality. In vehicle-to-grid mode, the bidirectional battery charger operates as an inverter, transferring energy from the electric vehicle battery to the grid. When the grid voltage... Below battery voltage At this time, the bidirectional battery charger operates as a buck-based inverter. Switch , , , and It is responsible for enabling electricity to flow from the battery to the grid. Conversely, when the grid voltage... Higher than battery voltage At this time, the charger operates as a boost-based inverter, which is achieved through... , , and accomplish.

[0075] The bidirectional battery charger predictive control method in the above embodiments first obtains the grid current reference value of the target grid at the current moment through the outer loop and phase-locked loop; then, based on the grid current, it determines the predicted grid current value and the grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment; next, it traverses all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculates the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current value and the grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment, and takes the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state; finally, it controls the target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switching state. This method abandons the traditional dual-closed-loop PI control and uses a predictive control method instead of the inner loop. By dynamically selecting the switching state to minimize the cost function, it eliminates the need for separate parameter tuning for different battery voltages, enabling unified control of grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid modes, and achieving smooth transition between boost and buck modes. Because it eliminates the need for complex parameter tuning and unifies the control of the two modes, it can quickly respond to changes in reference current, achieve stable tracking within one grid cycle, and reduce overshoot and distortion. Furthermore, the method in this application is not only applicable to bidirectional charging scenarios for low-voltage and medium-voltage electric vehicles, but can also be applied to charging systems for other types of energy storage devices by appropriate adjustments, flexibly meeting the needs for efficient charging and grid interaction under different voltage levels and power requirements.

[0076] In another embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the effectiveness of the above-mentioned predictive control method for bidirectional battery chargers was verified through simulation. Experimental results show that:

[0077] The aforementioned bidirectional battery charger predictive control method can satisfy both grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid modes. Figures (a), (b), and (c) demonstrate that the method can operate steadily over a wide voltage range during charging and discharging, with the grid observing phase A. Figure (d) shows the waveform during the conversion from CC mode to CV mode, demonstrating smooth transition performance without complex mode-switching logic. Furthermore, in all charging modes, the charger draws a sinusoidal current in phase with the grid voltage, thereby achieving unity power factor.

[0078] To more comprehensively demonstrate this solution, this embodiment presents an optional approach to the predictive control method for a bidirectional battery charger, such as... Figure 4 As shown:

[0079] S201 obtains the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the current moment through the outer loop and phase-locked loop.

[0080] S202, Based on the grid current, determine the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment using the Lagrange extrapolation method.

[0081] S203. Based on the grid current, the predicted value of the grid current at the next moment is determined using the forward Euler discretization formula.

[0082] S204. Determine the cost function using the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step.

[0083] S205, based on the cost function, calculates the cost value corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger.

[0084] S206, take the switch state corresponding to the minimum cost as the target switch state.

[0085] S207, obtain the grid voltage of the target grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current time.

[0086] S208, when the target bidirectional battery charger is in grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to boost voltage in the target switch state.

[0087] If the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, S209 controls the target bidirectional battery charger to operate at reduced voltage in the target switch state.

[0088] S210, when the target bidirectional battery charger is in vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate at reduced voltage in the target switch state.

[0089] S211, if the mains voltage is higher than the battery voltage, control the target bidirectional battery charger to boost the voltage in the target switch state.

[0090] The specific processes of S201-S211 described above can be found in the description of the above method embodiments. Their implementation principles and technical effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a bidirectional battery charger predictive control device for implementing the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the bidirectional battery charger predictive control device provided below can be found in the limitations of the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a bidirectional battery charger predictive control device is provided, the device comprising:

[0093] The current acquisition module 30 is used to acquire the grid current reference value of the target grid at the current moment through a phase-locked loop;

[0094] The current prediction module 31 is used to determine the predicted value of the grid current and the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment based on the grid current.

[0095] The state determination module 32 is used to traverse all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the grid current prediction value and grid current reference value of the target grid at the next moment, and take the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state.

[0096] The charging control module 33 is used to control the target bidirectional battery charger based on the target switch state.

[0097] In another embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown above, Figure 5 The current prediction module 31 in the middle includes:

[0098] The first determining unit 310 is used to determine the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment using the Lagrange extrapolation method based on the grid current.

[0099] The second determining unit 311 is used to determine the predicted value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment based on the grid current using the forward Euler discretization formula.

[0100] In another embodiment, the above Figure 5 The state determination module 32 is specifically used for: determining a cost function using the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next moment; calculating the cost value corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger based on the cost function; and taking the switching state corresponding to the minimum cost value as the target switching state.

[0101] In another embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown above, Figure 5 The charging control module 33 includes:

[0102] The voltage acquisition unit 330 is used to acquire the grid voltage of the target grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current time.

[0103] The charging control unit 331 is used to control the target bidirectional battery charger to operate in the target switch state based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger; the operating mode includes grid-to-vehicle mode and vehicle-to-grid mode.

[0104] In another embodiment, the above Figure 7 The charging control unit 331 is specifically used for: when the target bidirectional battery charger operates in grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, controlling the target bidirectional battery charger to operate with boost voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, controlling the target bidirectional battery charger to operate with drop voltage in the target switch state. When the target bidirectional battery charger operates in vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, controlling the target bidirectional battery charger to operate with drop voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, controlling the target bidirectional battery charger to operate with boost voltage in the target switch state.

[0105] This application also provides an electronic device, in some embodiments, referring to... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 700 includes an input unit 710, a memory 720, a processor 730, and an output unit 740. The memory 720 stores program instructions that can be executed on the processor 730. The processor 730 can execute the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method and / or technical solution based on the foregoing embodiments by calling the program instructions. The electronic device 700 can be a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone or a computer.

[0106] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that performs a bidirectional battery charger predictive control method. For example, computer program instructions, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to this application through the operation of the computer. The program instructions that invoke the methods of this application may be stored in a fixed or removable storage medium, and / or transmitted via data streams in broadcast or other signal carrying media, and / or stored in a storage medium that operates according to the program instructions.

[0107] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of this application described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby storing them in a storage device for execution by a computing device, or fabricating them separately as individual integrated circuit modules, or fabricating multiple modules or steps as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, this application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0108] The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily integrated. For the sake of brevity, not all possible integrations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the integration of these technical features does not contradict each other, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0109] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A predictive control method for a bidirectional battery charger, characterized in that, The method includes: The reference value of the grid current of the target power grid at the current moment is obtained through the outer loop and the phase-locked loop; Based on the grid current, determine the predicted grid current value and the reference grid current value of the target grid at the next moment; Traverse all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next moment, and take the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state. The process involves iterating through all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculating the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step, and selecting the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state. This includes: determining a cost function using the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step; calculating the cost value corresponding to all the switching states of the bidirectional battery charger based on the cost function; and selecting the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state. The system acquires the grid voltage of the target grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current moment; based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, it controls the target bidirectional battery charger to operate in the target switch state; the operating mode includes grid-to-vehicle mode and vehicle-to-grid mode. Based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate in the target switch state, including: when the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger is grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a boost voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a drop voltage in the target switch state; when the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger is vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a drop voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a boost voltage in the target switch state.

2. The bidirectional battery charger predictive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the grid current, determine the predicted grid current value and the reference grid current value of the target grid at the next time moment, including: Based on the grid current, the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment is determined using the Lagrange extrapolation method; Based on the grid current, the predicted grid current value of the target grid at the next time moment is determined using the forward Euler discretization formula.

3. A bidirectional battery charger predictive control device, characterized in that, The device includes: The current acquisition module is used to acquire the reference value of the grid current of the target power grid at the current moment through a phase-locked loop; The current prediction module is used to determine the predicted value of the grid current and the reference value of the grid current of the target grid at the next moment based on the grid current. The state determination module is used to traverse all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger, calculate the cost value corresponding to each switching state based on the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step, and select the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state. The process includes: determining a cost function using the predicted grid current and reference grid current of the target grid at the next time step; calculating the cost value corresponding to all switching states of the bidirectional battery charger based on the cost function; and selecting the switching state with the minimum cost value as the target switching state. The charging control module is used to acquire the grid voltage of the target grid and the battery voltage of the target battery at the current moment; based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, it controls the target bidirectional battery charger to operate in the target switch state; the operating mode includes grid-to-vehicle mode and vehicle-to-grid mode; Based on the numerical relationship between the grid voltage and the battery voltage, and the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate in the target switch state, including: when the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger is grid-to-vehicle mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a boost voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a drop voltage in the target switch state; when the operating mode of the target bidirectional battery charger is vehicle-to-grid mode, if the grid voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a drop voltage in the target switch state; if the grid voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the target bidirectional battery charger is controlled to operate with a boost voltage in the target switch state.

4. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

6. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the bidirectional battery charger predictive control method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

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