Solar power supply system for plateau region and installation method

Abstract

The invention, which relates to the technical field of extreme environment energy supply, discloses a solar power supply system for a plateau region, comprising a photovoltaic power generation assembly, a current aggregation unit, an energy management center, an energy storage unit, an electric energy conversion unit, a power distribution unit and a monitoring unit. Through systematic designs such as material selection, electrical protection, thermal management and communication redundancy, the severe challenge of the plateau environment is solved, triple optimization of power generation efficiency, safety and operation and maintenance cost is achieved, and a high-reliability clean energy solution can be provided for plateau key facilities.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of extreme environment energy supply, more particularly, it relates to a solar power supply system for plateau areas and a mounting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The Lancang River originates from the northeast of Tanggula Mountain in Qinghai Province, China, and flows through Tibet and Yunnan in China. In response to national policy, many large and small hydropower stations have been built along the way, and various types of automated equipment have been built to ensure the safety of production work and construction process. The Lancang River passes through high-altitude areas with sufficient sunlight, so most field automated monitoring equipment uses solar power as the main power supply. The traditional solar power monitoring station is fixed on the stand by welding a single support rod to a clamp, and the support rod is fixed on the stand by a clamp and a nut to achieve the purpose of fixing the solar panel. This method is widely used in various types of automated monitoring stations that use solar power as the main power supply. However, the Lancang River basin not only has sufficient sunlight, but also has harsh and complex weather conditions that need to be considered. The area is often windy and snowy, and the monitoring equipment placed in the field cannot be supervised and protected at all times. In the event of the above-mentioned conditions, the traditional solar panel support method cannot resist the deformation of the solar panel, the twisting of the support rod, and the damage of the clamp. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a solar power supply system for plateau areas and a mounting method.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A solar power supply system for plateau areas, comprising a photovoltaic power generation assembly, a current aggregation unit, an energy management hub, an energy storage unit, an electric energy conversion unit, an electric power distribution unit, and a monitoring unit; The photovoltaic power generation assembly is used to convert solar energy into direct current, comprising a plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups connected in parallel to the current aggregation unit; The current aggregation unit is used to concentrate the current of the plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups and provide overcurrent and reverse connection protection, comprising a photovoltaic combiner box, the input end of the photovoltaic combiner box is connected with the photovoltaic power generation assembly, the output end of the photovoltaic combiner box is connected with the energy management hub, and the photovoltaic combiner box is internally provided with a fuse and a lightning protection module; The energy management center is used for regulating charge and discharge to realize maximum power point tracking, comprising an MPPT controller, an input end of the MPPT controller being connected with an output end of the photovoltaic combiner box, an output end of the MPPT controller being connected with the energy storage unit, a communication end of the MPPT controller being connected with a host of the monitoring unit through an RS485 interface, and a heating film being arranged on the MPPT controller to automatically preheat the battery in low temperature; The energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy for use at night and on cloudy days, comprising a battery cabin and a lithium iron phosphate battery pack arranged in the battery cabin, an inside of the battery cabin being provided with a PTC heating sheet, and the PTC heating sheet maintaining 5-35℃. The electric energy conversion unit is used for converting direct current into 220V / 50Hz alternating current, comprising a power frequency inverter and a cooling fan arranged on the power frequency inverter, an input end of the power frequency inverter being connected with the lithium iron phosphate battery pack, and an output end of the power frequency inverter being connected with the power distribution unit. The power distribution unit is used for distributing electric energy and providing overload and short circuit protection, comprising an intelligent distribution box, an input end of the intelligent distribution box being connected with an output end of the power frequency inverter. The monitoring unit is used for monitoring power generation, battery residual capacity and fault alarm in real time, comprising a sensor network, a local man-machine interface and a remote monitoring platform.

[0005] Further, the photovoltaic panel set comprises two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, a support for fixing the two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, and a vertical rod for connecting and supporting the support, the vertical rod being inserted into a foundation pit and extending downward by 1.2-1.5m, the vertical rod and the support being made of 316 stainless steel, the photovoltaic panel set being connected into the photovoltaic combiner box, and an MC4 waterproof connector being used between the photovoltaic panel set and the photovoltaic combiner box.

[0006] Further, the parameters of the fuse are 10A / 1000VDC, and the parameters of the lightning protection module are 40kA current passing.

[0007] Further, the MPPT controller adopts a wide temperature type design, the temperature range is-40-70℃, and DC 200-600V input is supported.

[0008] Further, the lithium iron phosphate battery pack adopts 16 3.2V battery cells connected in series to form a 51.2V system, four groups are connected in parallel for capacity expansion, and a bus cable is ≥50mm 2 .

[0009] Further, the power frequency inverter adopts natural cooling and forced air cooling of the cooling fan in dual mode, the output waveform of the power frequency inverter is pure sine wave, and the power is 10-15kW.

[0010] Further, the bracket comprises a photovoltaic panel mounting frame, a fixing frame fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and a plurality of connecting rods, the fixing frame is in an H-shaped structure, one end of the fixing frame opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame is fixedly provided with a fixing piece matched with the stand rod, and one end of each of the plurality of connecting rods opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame is connected with the fixing piece.

[0011] Further, the fixing piece is in a cylindrical ring structure, the bracket is fixed on the stand rod through the fixing piece, and the connecting rods are four, one end of each of the four connecting rods is connected with a top corner end of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame.

[0012] Further, a mounting method of a Beidou positioning system in a plateau area comprises the following steps: (1) survey the site, select the installation point, and prepare the materials; (2) punch a hole by using a spiral drill, pour concrete mixed with an antifreeze agent, pre-bury 304 stainless steel foundation bolts, install a stand rod and fix the stand rod by using Φ12 mm galvanized steel wire as a stay cable, install a photovoltaic panel group into the photovoltaic panel mounting frame of a bracket, and fix the bracket to the stand rod and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel group; (3) install a photovoltaic combiner box, the installation height is 1.2 m, the box body is connected with a grounding net by using 25 mm 2 copper cable, the grounding resistance is less than or equal to 4 Ω, the photovoltaic cable is inserted into a corrugated pipe, and a fuse and a lightning protection module are installed in the photovoltaic combiner box; (4) install an MPPT controller, reserve a ventilation channel with a length greater than or equal to 30 cm in front and back, connect a heating film, and attach a temperature probe to a PCB board; (5) lay a 5 cm thick foamed ceramic heat insulation layer at the bottom of a battery cabin, install a lithium iron phosphate battery group, 16 battery cells are connected in series to form an assembly and are placed in the battery cabin, the pole is coated with electric grease, the internal space of the battery cabin is filled with polyurethane foam material on site, and the outer layer of the battery cabin is wrapped with an aluminum foil reflective film; (6) wire the power frequency inverter, the battery group and the power frequency inverter are connected by using a plurality of soft copper wires, the output end of the power frequency inverter is additionally provided with an LC filter, and a cooling fan is installed on the power frequency inverter; (7) wire the intelligent distribution box, the AC circuit adopts three-phase five-wire distribution, and the DC circuit is independently inserted into a pipe with positive and negative poles of 48 V; (8) deploy a monitoring unit, install a sensor network, and debug communication equipment, local communication adopts wired transmission by using RS485 / CAN bus and wireless transmission by using a LoRa module, and remote communication adopts 4G DTU and Beidou short message dual-mode communication modules.

[0013] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The application adopts double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, utilizes high-altitude strong light characteristics, improves double-sided power generation efficiency, and meets the light transmittance requirement in low-temperature environment. Through the MPPT wide-temperature controller, the built-in heating film is linked with the PCB temperature probe, and is started after preheating to the appropriate temperature, thereby avoiding low temperature leading to failure of electronic components.

[0014] The application also configures PTC heating and thermal insulation layer for the battery cabin, and polyurethane foaming material cooperates with PTC of the bottom ceramic thermal insulation layer to maintain constant temperature of the battery cabin and guarantee the cycle life of the lithium iron phosphate battery pack.

[0015] The application adopts the support H-shaped structure combined with 4 connecting rods, adapts to rapid disassembly and assembly of the double-sided panel, improves the firmness of the support, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic panel group, and allows inclination adjustment due to the annular design of the vertical rod fixing piece. The application solves the harsh challenges of the plateau environment through systematic design such as material selection, electrical protection, thermal management, and communication redundancy, realizes triple optimization of power generation efficiency, safety, and operation and maintenance cost, and can provide a high-reliability clean energy solution for key facilities on the plateau. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a topological structure diagram of a solar power supply system for a plateau region in an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 It is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a support in a photovoltaic power generation assembly of a solar power supply system for a plateau region in an embodiment of the application; In the figure: 1, photovoltaic panel mounting frame, 2, fixed frame, 3, connecting rod, 4, fixing piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A solar power supply system for a plateau region, including a photovoltaic power generation assembly, a current aggregation unit, an energy management hub, an energy storage unit, an electrical energy conversion unit, a power distribution unit, and a monitoring unit; The photovoltaic power generation assembly is used for converting solar energy into direct current, including a plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups, and the plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups are connected in parallel to the current aggregation unit; The photovoltaic panel set comprises two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, a support for fixing the two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, and a vertical rod for connecting and supporting the support, the vertical rod being inserted into a foundation pit and extending downward by 1.2-1.5 m, the vertical rod and the support being made of 316 stainless steel, the photovoltaic panel set being connected to a photovoltaic combiner box, and an MC4 waterproof joint being used between the photovoltaic panel set and the photovoltaic combiner box. The support comprises a photovoltaic panel mounting frame 1, a fixed frame 2 fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 1, and a plurality of connecting rods 3, the fixed frame 2 being in an H-shaped structure, the fixed frame 2 being fixedly provided with a fixed part 4 matched with the vertical rod at an end opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 1, the plurality of connecting rods 3 being connected with the fixed part 4 at an end opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 1, the fixed part 4 being in a cylindrical ring structure, the support being fixed on the vertical rod through the fixed part 4, and the connecting rods 3 being four, one end of each of the four connecting rods 3 being connected with a top corner end of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame.

[0020] The current aggregation unit is used for concentrating the currents of a plurality of array photovoltaic panel sets and providing overcurrent-reversing protection, comprising a photovoltaic combiner box, an input end of the photovoltaic combiner box being connected with a photovoltaic power generation assembly, an output end of the photovoltaic combiner box being connected with an energy management hub, and a fuse and a lightning protection module being arranged in the photovoltaic combiner box, the parameters of the fuse being 10A / 1000VDC, and the parameters of the lightning protection module being 40kA current.

[0021] The energy management hub is used for regulating and controlling charging and discharging to realize maximum power point tracking, comprising an MPPT controller, an input end of the MPPT controller being connected with an output end of the photovoltaic combiner box, an output end of the MPPT controller being connected with an energy storage unit, a communication end of the MPPT controller being connected with a host of a monitoring unit through an RS485 interface, a heating film being arranged on the MPPT controller to automatically preheat the battery at low temperature, the MPPT controller being designed in a wide temperature type, the temperature range being-40℃-70℃, and the MPPT controller supporting DC 200-600V input.

[0022] The energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy for use at night and on cloudy days, comprising a battery cabin and a lithium iron phosphate battery pack arranged in the battery cabin, a PTC heating sheet being arranged in the battery cabin, the PTC heating sheet maintaining 5℃-35℃, the lithium iron phosphate battery pack being composed of 16 3.2V battery cells connected in series to form a 51.2V system, four groups being connected in parallel for expansion, and a bus cable being ≥50mm 2 .

[0023] The power conversion unit is used for converting direct current into 220V / 50Hz alternating current, and includes a power frequency inverter and a cooling fan arranged on the power frequency inverter; the input end of the power frequency inverter is connected with the lithium iron phosphate battery pack; the output end of the power frequency inverter is connected with the power distribution unit; the power frequency inverter adopts natural cooling and forced air cooling of the cooling fan in a dual mode; the output waveform of the power frequency inverter is a pure sine wave; and the power is 10-15kW.

[0024] The power distribution unit is used for distributing electric energy and providing overload and short circuit protection, and includes an intelligent power distribution box; the input end of the intelligent power distribution box is connected with the output end of the power frequency inverter. The monitoring unit is used for monitoring the power generation, the remaining battery capacity and fault alarm in real time, and includes a sensor network, a local man-machine interface and a remote monitoring platform.

[0025] The application further discloses a mounting method of the Beidou positioning system in the plateau area, and includes the following steps: (1) surveying a site, selecting a mounting point and preparing materials; (2) drilling a hole by using a spiral drill, pouring concrete mixed with an anti-freezing agent, pre-burying 304 stainless steel foundation bolts, installing a vertical rod and fixing the vertical rod by using Φ12mm galvanized steel wire as a stay cable, installing a photovoltaic panel group into a photovoltaic panel mounting frame of a support, fixing the support to the vertical rod and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel group; (3) installing a photovoltaic combiner box, the installation height is 1.2m, the box body is connected with the grounding net by using 25mm 2 copper cable, the grounding resistance is less than or equal to 4Ω, the photovoltaic cable is penetrated through a corrugated pipe, and a fuse and a lightning protection module are installed in the photovoltaic combiner box; (4) installing an MPPT controller, reserving a ventilation channel with a length greater than or equal to 30cm in front of and behind the MPPT controller, connecting a heating film and attaching a temperature probe to a PCB board; (5) laying a 5cm-thick foamed ceramic heat insulation layer at the bottom of a battery cabin, installing a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, arranging 16 battery cells in series in the battery cabin, coating the pole with electric grease, filling the internal space of the battery cabin with polyurethane foaming material and wrapping the outer layer of the battery cabin with an aluminum foil reflective film; (6) connecting the power frequency inverter, connecting the battery pack and the power frequency inverter by using a plurality of soft copper wires on the direct current side, adding an LC filter to the output end of the power frequency inverter on the alternating current side and installing a cooling fan on the power frequency inverter; (7) wiring the intelligent power distribution box, adopting three-phase five-wire distribution wiring on the alternating current loop and independently penetrating the positive and negative poles of the direct current loop through pipes; (8) deploying a monitoring unit, installing a sensor network and debugging communication equipment; local communication adopts wired transmission of RS485 / CAN bus and wireless transmission of a LoRa module; and remote communication adopts 4G DTU and a Beidou short message dual-mode communication module.

[0026] The application adopts double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, uses high-altitude strong light characteristics, improves double-sided power generation efficiency, and meets the light transmittance requirement in low-temperature environment. Through the MPPT wide-temperature controller, the built-in heating film is linked with the PCB temperature probe, and is started after preheating to the appropriate temperature, so that the failure of electronic components caused by low temperature is avoided.

[0027] The application also configures PTC heating and thermal insulation layer for the battery cabin, and polyurethane foaming material cooperates with PTC of the bottom ceramic thermal insulation layer to maintain the constant temperature of the battery cabin and guarantee the cycle life of the lithium iron phosphate battery pack.

[0028] The application adopts the support H-shaped structure combined with 4 connecting rods, adapts to the rapid disassembly and assembly of double-sided panels, improves the firmness of the support, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic panel group, and allows the inclination angle to be adjusted through the annular design of the vertical rod fixing piece. Through systematic design such as material selection, electrical protection, thermal management and communication redundancy, the application solves the severe challenges of the plateau environment, realizes the triple optimization of power generation efficiency, safety and operation and maintenance cost, and provides a high-reliability clean energy solution for key facilities on the plateau.

[0029] Based on the above ideal embodiments according to the application, through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical idea of the application. The technical scope of the application is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. A solar power supply system for high altitude areas, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation assembly, the current aggregation unit, the energy management hub, the energy storage unit, the electric energy conversion unit, the power distribution unit and the monitoring unit are included. The photovoltaic power generation assembly is used for converting solar energy into direct current and includes a plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups connected in parallel to the current aggregation unit. The current aggregation unit is used for concentrating the current of the plurality of array photovoltaic panel groups and providing overcurrent and reverse connection protection, and includes a photovoltaic combiner box, the input end of which is connected to the photovoltaic power generation assembly, the output end of which is connected to the energy management hub, and the inside of which is provided with a fuse and a lightning protection module. The energy management hub is used for regulating and controlling charging and discharging to realize maximum power point tracking and includes an MPPT controller, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic combiner box, the output end of which is connected to the energy storage unit, and the communication end of which is connected to the host of the monitoring unit through an RS485 interface, and the MPPT controller is provided with a heating film to automatically preheat the battery at low temperature. The energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy for use at night and on cloudy days and includes a battery cabin and a lithium iron phosphate battery group arranged in the battery cabin, and the inside of the battery cabin is provided with a PTC heating sheet to maintain a temperature of 5-35℃. The electric energy conversion unit is used for converting direct current into 220V / 50Hz alternating current and includes a power frequency inverter and a cooling fan arranged on the power frequency inverter, the input end of the power frequency inverter is connected to the lithium iron phosphate battery group, and the output end of the power frequency inverter is connected to the power distribution unit. The power distribution unit is used for distributing electric energy and providing overload and short circuit protection and includes an intelligent distribution box, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the power frequency inverter. The monitoring unit is used for real-time monitoring of power generation, battery remaining capacity and fault alarm and includes a sensor network, a local man-machine interface and a remote monitoring platform.

2. The solar power supply system for highland areas according to claim 1, wherein The photovoltaic panel group includes two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels, a support for fixing the two double-sided photovoltaic glass panels and a vertical rod for connecting and supporting the support, the vertical rod is inserted into a foundation pit and extends downward by 1.2-1.5m, the vertical rod and the support are made of 316 stainless steel, the photovoltaic panel group is connected to the photovoltaic combiner box, and an MC4 waterproof joint is used between the photovoltaic panel group and the photovoltaic combiner box.

3. The solar power supply system for high altitude areas as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The parameters of the fuse are 10A / 1000VDC, and the parameters of the lightning protection module are 40kA current.

4. The solar power supply system for high altitude areas as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The MPPT controller adopts a wide temperature type design, the temperature range is-40-70℃, and DC 200-600V input is supported.

5. The solar power system for high altitude areas as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The lithium iron phosphate battery adopts 16 3.2V battery cells connected in series to form a 51.2V system, four groups are connected in parallel for capacity expansion, and the bus cable is greater than or equal to 50mm 2 .

6. The solar power supply system for high altitude areas as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The power frequency inverter adopts natural cooling and forced air cooling of the cooling fan in dual mode, the output waveform of the power frequency inverter is a pure sine wave, and the power is 10-15kW.

7. The solar power supply system for high altitude regions as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The support comprises a photovoltaic panel mounting frame, a fixing frame fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and a plurality of connecting rods, the fixing frame is in an H-shaped structure, one end of the fixing frame opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame is fixedly provided with a fixing piece matched with the stand rod, and one end of each of the plurality of connecting rods opposite to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame is connected with the fixing piece.

8. The solar power supply system for high altitude regions as claimed in claim 7 wherein, The fixing piece is in a cylindrical ring structure, the support is fixed on the stand rod through the fixing piece, the connecting rods are four, and one end of each of the four connecting rods is connected with a top corner end of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame.

9. The solar power supply system for highland area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a method for installing the Beidou positioning system of the highland area is provided, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) survey the site, select the installation point, and prepare the materials; (2) use a spiral drill to drill a hole, pour concrete mixed with an antifreeze agent, embed 304 stainless steel foundation bolts, install a stand rod and use Φ12 mm galvanized steel wire as a stay cable to fix the stand rod, install a photovoltaic panel group into the photovoltaic panel mounting frame of the support, fix the support to the stand rod, and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel group; (3) Install photovoltaic junction box, installation height 1.2m, box and grounding net with 25mm 2 copper cable connection, grounding resistance ≤4Ω, photovoltaic cable through corrugated pipe, photovoltaic junction box installs fuse and lightning protection module; (4) install an MPPT controller, reserve ≥30 cm ventilation channels in front and back, connect a heating film, and attach a temperature probe to a PCB board; (5) lay a 5 cm thick foamed ceramic thermal insulation layer at the bottom of a battery compartment, install a lithium iron phosphate battery group, 16 battery cells are connected in series and then placed in the battery compartment, the pole is coated with electric grease, the internal gap of the battery compartment is filled with polyurethane foam material on site, and the outer layer of the battery compartment is wrapped with an aluminum foil reflective film; (6) wire the power frequency inverter, use a plurality of soft copper wires to connect the battery group and the power frequency inverter on the direct current side, install an LC filter on the output end of the power frequency inverter on the alternating current side, and install a cooling fan on the power frequency inverter; (7) wire the intelligent power distribution box, use a three-phase five-wire distribution line for the alternating current circuit, and independently pipe the positive and negative poles of the direct current circuit; (8) deploy a monitoring unit, install a sensor network, and debug communication equipment, local communication adopts wired transmission through an RS485 / CAN bus and wireless transmission through a LoRa module, and remote communication adopts a 4G DTU and a Beidou short message dual-mode communication module.

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