Bimodal microwave soil disinfection device and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and provides a bimodal microwave soil disinfection device and a control method.The device comprises a chassis system, a soil conveying assembly and a disinfection assembly; the soil conveying assembly is pivotally arranged at the front end of the chassis system through a hinge mechanism, and a soil shoveling structure is arranged at the far end of the soil conveying assembly; the disinfection assembly comprises a soil conveying mechanism, a first microwave generation structure and a second microwave generation structure, the inlet end of the soil conveying mechanism is connected with the soil conveying assembly, and the outlet end of the soil conveying mechanism extends to the rear end of the chassis system; the first microwave generating structure is arranged above the soil conveying mechanism; the second microwave generating structure is arranged below the soil conveying mechanism; the two microwave generating structures are configured to be opened and closed simultaneously. Displacement disinfection of soil is achieved through the first microwave generation structure, in-situ disinfection of deep soil is achieved through the second microwave generation structure, and the disinfection uniformity and the disinfection depth are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, and particularly relates to a dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of agricultural intensification and large-scale, high-value crops are planted year after year, and the soil is full of insect eggs and pathogenic bacteria, causing soil continuous cropping obstacles, soil-borne diseases and insect pests, and other problems. Soil-borne diseases and insect pests are difficult to control effectively, with many types, strong concealment, large damage area and fast spread, which seriously harm crop yield and quality.

[0003] Soil disinfection is an effective way to control soil pests and soil-borne pathogens, mainly including chemical disinfection, biological fumigation and physical disinfection. At present, chemical disinfection is still the main method, but chemical disinfection pollutes the environment and endangers human health. Biological fumigation has large differences in prevention and control effect on different soil-borne diseases and insect pests, and has high specificity. Physical disinfection is a kind of green prevention and control technology, which is environmentally friendly and has no pesticide residues. Compared with other physical disinfection methods, microwave disinfection has high heating efficiency, less damage to soil structure and environmental friendliness, and has broad application prospects in the field of soil disinfection.

[0004] In related technologies, the microwave generator directly faces the soil for disinfection. This method has shallow disinfection depth, poor uniformity and low energy efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device and a control method to solve the defects of shallow disinfection depth, poor uniformity and low energy efficiency in the prior art.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device, comprising: a chassis system, a soil conveying component, and a disinfection component; the chassis system has a movable function; the soil conveying component is detachably disposed at the front end of the chassis system via a hinge mechanism, and a soil-shoveling structure is provided at the distal end of the soil conveying component, the soil-shoveling structure being configured to shovel up the surface soil when the chassis system moves; the disinfection component is fixedly disposed on the chassis system, including a soil transmission mechanism, a first microwave generating structure, and a second microwave generating structure, the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism being connected to the proximal end of the soil conveying component, and the outlet end of the soil transmission mechanism extending to the rear end of the chassis system; the first microwave generating structure is fixedly mounted above the soil transmission mechanism, and the microwave radiation direction is perpendicular to the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism; the second microwave generating structure is mounted below the soil transmission mechanism, and the microwave radiation direction is vertically downward pointing towards the lower layer of soil exposed after being shoveled by the soil-shoveling structure; wherein, the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure are configured to open and close simultaneously.

[0007] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, both the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure are provided with a temperature detection module and a cooling module. The temperature detection module is configured to detect the real-time temperature of the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure, and the cooling module is configured to start cooling when the real-time temperature exceeds a set threshold.

[0008] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the cooling module includes a water bath circulation system, which is used to cool the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure.

[0009] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism is further provided with a leveling structure. The leveling structure includes a lifting component and a scraper. The lifting component is fixedly mounted on the chassis system. The scraper is connected to the lifting end of the lifting component to adjust the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper and the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism.

[0010] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, laser sensors are provided on both sides of the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism in a direction perpendicular to the transmission direction of the soil transmission mechanism. The laser sensors are used to identify the height of the soil pile and are configured to control the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper and the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism based on the soil height.

[0011] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the soil conveying assembly includes a scale conveyor, and connecting support plates are hinged on both sides of the distal end of the scale conveyor, and the soil shoveling structure is movably mounted on the connecting support plates.

[0012] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the soil shovel structure includes a soil shovel and an adjusting cylinder. The soil shovel is hinged to the far end of the connecting support plate, one end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the soil shovel, and the other end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the plate body of the connecting support plate.

[0013] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the scale conveyor is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, which is used to sense the temperature and humidity of the soil being transported and is configured to control the transport speed of the scale conveyor based on the soil humidity.

[0014] According to the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention, the rear end of the chassis system is provided with a pressure roller assembly, the pressure roller assembly includes a connecting baffle and a pressure roller, the proximal end of the connecting baffle is hinged to the rear end of the chassis system, and the pressure roller is rotatably disposed at the far end of the connecting baffle for leveling the soil output by the soil transmission mechanism.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device based on any one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: Step S10: Plan the movement path based on the target area; Step S20: Control the chassis system to move along the moving path and activate the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure; at the same time, during the movement, sense the soil temperature, humidity and soil height at the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism in real time. Step S30: Adjust the transmission speed of the soil conveying components and soil transmission mechanism based on the real-time temperature and humidity of the soil, and adjust the height of the scraper based on the soil height.

[0016] The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device and control method provided by the present invention achieves soil displacement disinfection through a first microwave generating structure and in-situ disinfection of deep soil through a second microwave generating structure, thereby improving the uniformity and depth of disinfection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the soil delivery component in the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disinfection component in the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first microwave generator in the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second microwave generator in the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure in the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flow structure of the control method provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure label: 10. Chassis system; 20. Soil conveying assembly; 21. Scale conveyor; 211. Temperature and humidity sensor; 212. Support cylinder; 22. Soil shoveling structure; 221. Soil shovel; 222. Adjusting cylinder; 23. Connecting support plate; 30. Disinfection assembly; 31. First microwave generating structure; 32. Second microwave generating structure; 33. Soil transmission mechanism; 331. Laser sensor; 34. Temperature detection module; 35. Cooling module; 40. Pressure roller assembly; 41. Connecting baffle; 42. Pressure roller; 50. Leveling structure; 51. Scraper; 52. Lifting component; 60. Control box. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of clarifying the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0032] In related technologies, soil disinfection mostly adopts a single disinfection method. Most disinfection methods are difficult to balance disinfection uniformity and disinfection depth, resulting in limited overall disinfection effectiveness.

[0033] Regarding the problems in related technologies, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device, including a chassis system 10, a soil conveying assembly 20, and a disinfection assembly 30. The chassis system 10 has a movable function; the soil conveying assembly 20 is pivotally mounted at the front end of the chassis system 10 via a hinge mechanism, and a soil-shoveling structure 22 is provided at the distal end of the soil conveying assembly 20. The soil-shoveling structure 22 is configured to shovel up the surface soil when the chassis system 10 moves; the disinfection assembly 30 is fixedly mounted on the chassis system 10 and includes a soil transmission mechanism 33, a first microwave generating structure 31, and a second microwave generating structure 32. The inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism 33 is connected to the proximal end of the soil conveying assembly 20, and the outlet end of the soil transmission mechanism 33 extends to the rear end of the chassis system 10. The first microwave generating structure 31 is fixedly mounted above the soil transmission mechanism 33, and the microwave radiation direction is perpendicular to the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism 33. The second microwave generating structure 32 is mounted below the soil transmission mechanism 33, and the microwave radiation direction is vertically downward pointing towards the lower soil exposed after being shoveled by the shovel structure 22. The first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 are configured to be turned on and off simultaneously. Physical disinfection of soil is mostly achieved through microwave irradiation. In this embodiment, the cooperation of the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 can effectively achieve uniform disinfection of the surface soil and disinfect the deep soil below the surface, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of soil disinfection.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the chassis system 10 comprises a frame, a drive motor, tracks (or wheels), and a steering mechanism. A power system, such as a battery, a power battery pack, and a drive motor, is also mounted on the chassis system 10 to provide driving force. During connection, both the soil conveying assembly 20 and the disinfection assembly 30 are directly connected to the frame, which supports the various components.

[0035] The soil conveying assembly 20 is used to convey soil, and its proximal end is pivotally mounted on the front end of the chassis system 10 via a hinged structure. A soil transmission mechanism 33 is connected to the proximal end of the soil conveying assembly 20. The soil transmission mechanism 33 is located downstream of the soil conveying assembly 20 to achieve continuous conveying of the scooped topsoil. Furthermore, the soil on the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism 33 is disinfected through the first microwave generating structure 31, thereby improving the uniformity of soil disinfection.

[0036] Furthermore, the second microwave generating structure 32 is also fixedly connected to the chassis system 10, and the second microwave generating structure 32 is located below the soil transmission structure, which makes the second microwave generating mechanism directly facing the deep soil after the surface soil has been removed, so as to realize the disinfection operation of the deep soil.

[0037] When performing soil disinfection, this device moves the chassis system 10. During the movement, the shovel structure 22 can scoop up the topsoil and transport it by the soil conveying component 20 to the area below the first microwave generating structure 31, thereby disinfecting the topsoil. While the chassis system 10 is moving, the second microwave generating structure 32 can irradiate the deep soil below the topsoil with microwaves, thereby disinfecting the deep soil.

[0038] Understandably, compared to traditional soil disinfection equipment, its disinfection method is singular, making it difficult to improve the uniformity and depth of disinfection. This embodiment addresses this by mounting the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 on the chassis system 10. Simultaneously with the movement of the chassis system 10, the first microwave generating structure 31 is activated to achieve displacement disinfection (i.e., scooping up the soil from its original position and transferring it to the location of the first microwave generating structure for treatment), while the second microwave generating structure 32 achieves in-situ disinfection (i.e., disinfecting the deeper soil layers after removing the surface soil). This allows the disinfection equipment provided in this embodiment to achieve both deep and uniform soil disinfection.

[0039] It should be clearly stated that in the embodiments of the present invention, the chassis system 10 is the main structure, and the direction of movement of the shovel is defined as the forward direction, so that the end of the chassis system 10 with the shovel structure 22 is the front end, the end symmetrical to the shovel structure 22 is the rear end, the end closer to the chassis system 10 is the near end, and the end farther away from the chassis system 10 is the far end.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, both the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 are equipped with a temperature detection module 34 and a cooling module 35. The temperature detection module 34 is configured to detect the real-time temperature of the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32, and the cooling module 35 is configured to activate cooling when the real-time temperature exceeds a set threshold. Microwave generating structures generate a large amount of heat during operation, and if the heat exceeds a certain threshold, it will affect the normal operation of the equipment and even shorten its lifespan. In this example, the temperature detection module 34 and the cooling module 35 effectively control the temperature, preventing excessively high temperatures from affecting the microwave generating structure. Specifically, the equipment also includes a control cabinet, which contains a control panel and control circuits to form a control system for controlling the operation of the equipment. Temperature detection modules 34 are respectively installed on the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32. These modules monitor the operating temperature of the first and second microwave generating structures 32 in real time to ensure they operate within a safe temperature range. For example, this module consists of a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple, RTD, or digital temperature sensor) capable of providing high-precision temperature readings. Furthermore, temperature sensors with good response speed and accuracy in high-temperature ranges, such as thermocouples, can be selected, especially in microwave generating structures where high temperatures may be generated during operation. The temperature sensor converts the acquired temperature signal into an electrical signal (analog or digital signal) and transmits it to the control system. The control system reads the temperature data periodically through the acquisition module and performs real-time analysis. During control, the control system sets a temperature threshold based on the equipment's operating characteristics and safety design requirements, for example, a temperature threshold of 100°C, and programs conditions for "alarm" or "activation of cooling module 35". When the temperature exceeds this threshold, the control system activates the cooling module 35 for temperature control.

[0041] The cooling module 35 automatically activates when the temperature exceeds a preset safety threshold to prevent damage to the microwave generator structure due to overheating. The core function of the cooling module 35 is to reduce excessively high temperatures to a safe range through a cooling system. Specifically, the cooling module 35 can rapidly reduce the temperature using one or more combinations of water cooling, air cooling, or liquid cooling. For example, a water cooling system can circulate coolant (such as water) through the cooling channels of the microwave generator structure using a water pump to remove heat. Furthermore, the system receives signals from a temperature sensor and automatically activates the cooling system when the temperature exceeds a set value, turning on the cooling water pump, fan, or other cooling devices. The cooling module 35 can activate these cooling devices via a relay or electronic switch. The system can also be configured with multiple temperature monitoring and feedback mechanisms; that is, once the temperature drops to a safe value, the cooling module 35 will automatically shut down to avoid excessive cooling or wasted resources.

[0042] The temperature detection module 34 and the cooling module 35 need to work in close coordination to ensure that the microwave generating structure remains within a safe temperature range throughout the entire operation. This process is typically coordinated and controlled by a microcontroller or PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Specifically, the temperature detection module 34 continuously monitors the temperature of the microwave generating structure and transmits the data to the control system. The control system makes a judgment based on the real-time temperature. When the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the control system immediately activates the cooling module 35, for example, by turning on a water cooling system or an air cooling system.

[0043] Understandably, in this embodiment, the cooperation between the temperature detection module 34 and the cooling module 35 enables the automatic temperature control function of the equipment, avoiding the need for human intervention and improving the stability and safety of the equipment. The microwave generating structure may generate a large amount of heat during operation; excessively high temperatures may cause component damage or performance degradation. Real-time monitoring and automatic cooling effectively avoid this risk. Furthermore, continuous temperature monitoring and timely cooling measures can effectively prevent equipment aging or damage due to overheating, extending the service life of the microwave generating structure. Moreover, the design of the temperature monitoring and cooling module 35 makes the equipment operation more transparent, allowing operators to easily understand the equipment status through the system interface and perform timely maintenance or adjustments.

[0044] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 have the same overall structure. The difference is that the microwave radiating end array of the second microwave generating structure 32 protrudes outward by a greater distance, so that it can extend from the bottom of the chassis system 10 to achieve disinfection operation.

[0045] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the cooling module 35 includes a water bath circulation system, which is used to cool the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32. In this embodiment, a water bath circulation system is used for cooling, which enables rapid cooling of the microwave structures and provides sustained cooling conditions.

[0046] Specifically, the water bath circulation system includes a reservoir or container for holding cooling water. Cooling panels or pipes are installed on the surfaces of the microwave generating structures (such as areas with concentrated heat), and these surfaces are covered with cooling water. As the water flows through these cooling panels / pipes, it absorbs the heat generated by the microwave generating structures, thereby lowering the structure's temperature. The cooling water is driven by a water pump. Cooling water is drawn from the reservoir or container and flows through the piping system to the cooling areas of the first and second microwave generating structures 32. After passing through the cooling areas, it carries away heat and returns to the water tank through the piping system, forming a circulation system. The cooling water is cooled again in the water tank and circulated again by the water pump. The system can ensure that the water temperature is maintained within a suitable range by adding cooling devices (such as cooling towers) or using an external cooling source.

[0047] Understandably, water has a large heat capacity, enabling it to efficiently absorb and transfer heat. When the microwave generator structure generates a large amount of heat, water can quickly absorb and carry away this heat, achieving effective cooling. Compared to air cooling, water cooling has higher heat conduction efficiency and a faster cooling rate. Furthermore, the water bath circulation system achieves continuous heat exchange through water flow, preventing a gradual loss of cooling effect as the temperature rises. As long as the water flow is unobstructed, the cooling effect remains stable. During actual cooling, the water bath circulation system ensures uniform cooling distribution by evenly contacting the surface of the microwave generator structure with the water flow, preventing localized overheating that could lead to equipment failure. This uniform cooling effectively reduces the temperature gradient of the microwave generator structure, thereby avoiding thermal stress and damage caused by excessive temperature differences.

[0048] In other words, in this embodiment, the water bath circulation system, through its efficient heat conduction, uniform cooling effect, and continuous temperature reduction characteristics, can provide stable and effective cooling for the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32. Compared with traditional air-cooling systems, the water bath circulation system can not only remove heat in a shorter time, but also optimize energy efficiency, extend the service life of the equipment, and improve the overall system stability and safety.

[0049] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 4 Figure 5 As shown, both the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32 have a matrix-type irradiation end at their bottom. The matrix-type irradiation end can make the irradiation source distribution more uniform and improve the uniformity of soil disinfection.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown, the inlet end of the soil transport mechanism 33 is also provided with a leveling structure 50. The leveling structure 50 includes a lifting component 52 and a scraper 51. The lifting component 52 is fixedly mounted on the chassis system 10, and the scraper 51 is connected to the lifting end of the lifting component 52 to adjust the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper 51 and the transport plane of the soil transport mechanism 33. During the transport process, local accumulation of soil is inevitable. In this embodiment, the leveling structure 50 ensures that the soil is evenly distributed on the transport plane, improving the uniformity of irradiation.

[0051] Specifically, the lifting component 52 is fixed to the frame of the chassis system 10 and can be an electrically or mechanically driven device capable of controlling the lifting and lowering of the scraper 51. The lifting component 52 can control the up-and-down movement of the scraper 51 through the drive system to adjust the working height of the scraper 51. When soil enters the area through the transmission mechanism, the lifting and lowering action of the scraper 51 will level the soil, making the soil thickness more uniform within the microwave radiation area and reducing the impact of soil unevenness on microwave irradiation efficiency.

[0052] Understandably, the design of the leveling structure 50 ensures that the soil maintains a uniform thickness as it passes through the microwave radiation area, preventing uneven microwave radiation caused by soil surface irregularities and thus improving the efficiency of microwave disinfection. A uniform soil layer helps ensure that microwaves act evenly on the soil surface, achieving better disinfection results. Furthermore, by adjusting the height of the scraper 51, operators can precisely control the leveling effect according to actual conditions, thereby ensuring the consistency of the soil during transmission. This helps reduce equipment failures and improves the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0053] In other words, the leveling structure 50, through the cooperation of the lifting component 52 and the scraper 51, ensures the uniformity and flatness of the soil, allowing microwave radiation to act evenly on the soil surface. This design not only improves the efficiency of microwave disinfection but also enhances the system's adaptability, stability, and automation level, reduces soil waste and clogging problems, and provides a more reliable guarantee for the disinfection process.

[0054] In specific settings, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lifting component 52 is an electric push rod. The main housing of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the chassis system 10. The telescopic rod of the electric push rod is connected to the scraper 51, so that the position of the scraper 51 can be adjusted when the telescopic rod extends or retracts.

[0055] In some embodiments, laser sensors 331 are provided on both sides of the inlet end of the soil transport mechanism 33 in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction of the soil transport mechanism 33. The laser sensors 331 are used to identify the height of the soil pile and are configured to control the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper 51 and the transport plane of the soil transport mechanism 33 based on the soil height. By setting the laser sensors 331, the scraper 51 can be automatically adjusted, improving the automation level of the equipment.

[0056] Specifically, the laser sensor 331 continuously emits a laser beam to scan the surface of the soil mound. When the laser beam hits the soil surface, some of the light is reflected back. The laser sensor 331 calculates the distance between the soil surface and the sensor by measuring the time difference from emission to reception, thus obtaining the height of the soil mound. The laser sensor 331 sends the measured soil mound height data to the central control unit (PLC or embedded control system) in the system. The control system calculates the optimal distance between the bottom edge of the scraper 51 and the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism 33 based on the preset soil leveling target and the actual measured soil mound height. The control system controls the lifting component 52 to adjust the height of the scraper 51. By precisely adjusting the position of the scraper 51 through the lifting component 52, the bottom edge of the scraper 51 is always kept above the soil mound surface, ensuring soil leveling.

[0057] It is understandable that the height of the soil mound will vary due to differences in soil properties and accumulation methods. In this embodiment, feedback from the laser sensor 331 enables real-time adjustment of the scraper 51 height, improving the uniformity of soil disinfection. Specifically, the laser sensor 331 accurately monitors the height of the soil mound and adjusts the position of the scraper 51 in real time, ensuring that the soil surface remains flat at all times. This reduces uneven microwave radiation caused by uneven soil mounds, improving disinfection efficiency. Through the laser sensor 331 and the automatic height adjustment function of the scraper 51, the system can automatically level the soil without manual intervention, reducing the complexity and errors of manual operation.

[0058] In some embodiments, a support cylinder 212 is also provided between the soil conveying assembly 20 and the chassis system 10. The support cylinder 212 is used to drive the soil conveying assembly 20 to rotate around the hinge mechanism. In actual operation, the equipment needs to adjust the position of the shovel structure 22 according to the terrain. In this embodiment, the position adjustment of the soil conveying assembly 20 can be achieved by setting the support cylinder 212, thereby enabling real-time adjustment according to the actual terrain and improving the adaptability of the equipment.

[0059] Specifically, the cylinder body of the support cylinder 212 is fixedly connected to the chassis system 10, and the piston rod of the support cylinder 212 is connected to the soil conveying assembly 20 to provide support for the soil conveying assembly 20. When adjustment is required, the position of the soil conveying assembly is adjusted by extending or retracting the piston rod.

[0060] Understandably, the support cylinder 212 is pneumatically driven, offering high control precision. It can precisely adjust the height and angle of the shoveling structure 22 to adapt to different soil conditions and work requirements. The cylinder's adjustment action is very smooth, responding in real-time to changes in soil conditions and avoiding over- or under-shoveling operations. Through an automated pneumatic control system, the support cylinder 212 can quickly adjust the working state of the soil conveying component 20, making soil conveying and shoveling operations more efficient. This reduces the need for manual intervention and improves work efficiency.

[0061] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the soil conveying assembly 20 includes a slab conveyor 21, with connecting support plates 23 hinged to both ends of the slab conveyor 21. A soil-shoveling structure 22 is movably mounted on the connecting support plates 23. Soil-shoveling operations require a stable and appropriate soil-shoveling angle to avoid under-shoveling or over-shoveling. In this embodiment, the soil-shoveling structure 22 allows for angle adjustment, thereby preventing it from shoveling too deeply or too shallowly, and improving its adaptability.

[0062] Specifically, the near end of the scale conveyor 21 is provided with a hinge point, which cooperates with a hinge mechanism to connect with the chassis system 10. Similarly, the earthmoving structure 22 is provided with a hinge connection point, which is movably connected to the support plate. The hinge connection point can be a shaft, pin, or other suitable connection method, allowing the earthmoving structure 22 to rotate or swing around the hinge point. This hinged connection allows the earthmoving structure 22 to rotate and adjust at a certain angle around the hinge point.

[0063] Understandably, the shovel structure 22, through its movable connection, can be flexibly adjusted according to different soil conditions and work requirements. For example, the shovel structure 22 can freely adjust its working angle and depth based on factors such as soil hardness, depth, and terrain, thereby improving work efficiency. The movable connection method of the shovel structure 22 allows it to automatically adapt to different soil surfaces and terrains during movement, ensuring the stability and uniformity of shoveling. This adaptive design reduces human intervention during operation, improving the smoothness and efficiency of overall work.

[0064] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the soil-shoveling structure 22 includes a soil shovel 221 and an adjusting cylinder 222. The soil shovel 221 is hinged to the far end of the connecting support plate 23. One end of the adjusting cylinder 222 is hinged to the soil shovel 221, and the other end of the adjusting cylinder 222 is hinged to the plate body of the connecting support plate 23. The adjusting cylinder 222 enables precise control of the soil-shoveling angle, depth, and force, allowing the soil shovel 221 to flexibly adapt to different soil conditions.

[0065] Specifically, the shovel 221 has a hinge point that is hinged to the support plate. The cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder 222 is hinged to the middle area of ​​the support plate. The piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 222 is hinged to the main body of the shovel 221, so that the shovel 221 can rotate around its hinge point under the push of the adjusting cylinder 222.

[0066] Understandably, the hinged connection between the adjusting cylinder 222, the shovel 221, and the connecting support plate 23 allows the cylinder to precisely control the angle and depth of the shovel 221. The extension and retraction of the cylinder adjusts the tilt angle of the shovel 221, thereby finely adjusting the shoveling depth and angle according to soil type and work requirements. This precise adjustment improves operational flexibility and efficiency, especially when facing different soil environments. The function of the adjusting cylinder 222 is to enable the shovel 221 to flexibly adapt to different working conditions during operation. Because the cylinder can adjust the shovel 221 under different forces and angles, the shoveling structure 22 can make real-time adjustments based on factors such as soil hardness, moisture, and soil depth, thereby ensuring optimal shoveling results.

[0067] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the apron conveyor 21 is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor 211. The temperature and humidity sensor 211 is used to sense the temperature and humidity of the soil being transported and is configured to control the transport speed of the apron conveyor 21 based on the soil humidity. Soil humidity is the most significant factor affecting the efficiency of microwave disinfection. In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensor 211 can sense the soil humidity in real time and adjust the transport speed based on the soil humidity, thereby improving the disinfection effect.

[0068] Specifically, the humidity sensor acquires soil moisture data by sensing the soil's moisture content. This data is then processed and transmitted to the control system. The control system compares the humidity data with ideal soil disinfection conditions. For example, in microwave disinfection, excessively dry or wet soil will affect the disinfection effect. Excessive soil moisture may prevent microwave energy from penetrating effectively, while excessively low moisture may lead to excessively high disinfection temperatures, damaging beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Based on the humidity data and the set control strategy, the control system adjusts the transmission speed of the apron conveyor 21 in real time. If the soil moisture is too high, the system may slow down the transmission speed to prolong the microwave radiation exposure time, thereby ensuring that the soil can fully absorb microwave energy and reach a suitable disinfection temperature. If the moisture is too low, the system may increase the transmission speed to avoid excessively high temperatures.

[0069] Understandably, by adjusting the transmission speed of the conveyor belt in the displaced disinfection zone (the soil within the soil transfer mechanism 33) in real time, the disinfection temperature can be precisely controlled, ensuring that the soil in the displaced disinfection zone reaches a temperature that kills soil pests and soil-borne pathogens before leaving the radiation zone. This avoids excessively high temperatures that could kill beneficial microorganisms in the soil, saving energy and improving the energy conversion efficiency of microwave disinfection. Utilizing a dual-mode approach of simultaneous in-situ and displaced soil disinfection, combined with the leveling effect of the scraper 51 device, the depth and uniformity of microwave disinfection are enhanced.

[0070] In other words, the design of adjusting the transmission speed using a humidity sensor in this embodiment ensures precise and stable temperature control during microwave sterilization. Humidity has a significant impact on microwave sterilization efficiency, and this design optimizes sterilization effects, protects beneficial microorganisms, saves energy, and improves the efficiency and automation level of the entire sterilization process. This humidity-controlled transmission speed adjustment method makes the microwave sterilization system more adaptable and intelligent, contributing to improved sterilization effects and soil health management.

[0071] In some embodiments, a pressure roller assembly 40 is provided at the rear end of the chassis system 10. The pressure roller assembly 40 includes a connecting baffle 41 and a pressure roller 42. The proximal end of the connecting baffle 41 is hinged to the rear end of the chassis system 10, and the pressure roller 42 is rotatably disposed at the distal end of the connecting baffle 41 to level the soil output by the soil conveying mechanism 33. After the soil is shoveled and sterilized, a certain force needs to be applied to ensure that the sterilized soil has a relatively flat surface. In this embodiment, the setting of the pressure roller assembly 40 can ensure that the soil surface is uniformly and appropriately compacted and leveled, avoiding the adverse effects of uneven soil conditions on subsequent work.

[0072] Specifically, the connecting baffle 41 is hinged to the chassis system 10, and the connecting baffle 41 can prevent soil from splashing out by the soil conveying mechanism 33. While the chassis system 10 moves, the pressure roller 42 can roll the falling soil to make the ground flatter.

[0073] Understandably, after being scooped and transported by the soil-shoveling structure 22, the soil often presents an irregular state, potentially exhibiting looseness, accumulation, or unevenness. This embodiment utilizes the rotation of the pressure roller 42 to ensure soil surface compaction, reducing soil looseness and thus improving soil quality. This is crucial for enhancing soil stability and improving the soil environment, especially in agricultural and horticultural processes, as it helps promote plant growth and healthy root development.

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device based on any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: Step S10: Plan the movement path based on the target area.

[0075] Specifically, terrain and obstacle information of the target area can be collected using devices such as LiDAR, cameras, GPS, and ultrasonic sensors. These sensors can help obtain real-time information such as ground elevation, soil properties, and obstacle locations, providing data support for path planning. Using sensor data, a digital map of the target area can be constructed, marking the elevation changes, soil conditions (such as moisture and hardness), and the specific locations of obstacles in each area.

[0076] Next, analyze the undulations of the target area, identifying flat areas, slopes, depressions, and obstacles. Path planning needs to avoid uneven areas to ensure smooth movement of the chassis system 10. Considering the soil type of the target area (e.g., sandy soil, clay), assess factors such as soil hardness and moisture. This helps determine whether adjustments to the equipment's speed, pressure, or direction are needed during the movement path.

[0077] Step S20: Control the chassis system 10 to move along the moving path and turn on the first microwave generating structure 31 and the second microwave generating structure 32. At the same time, during the movement, the soil temperature, humidity and soil height at the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism 33 are sensed in real time.

[0078] Specifically, the previously mentioned path planning algorithms (such as Dijkstra's or RRT) are used to plan the path to the target area, ensuring that the chassis can move smoothly according to the predetermined path. Soil temperature and humidity sensors (such as DHT22, SHT30, etc.) are installed near the soil conveying assembly 20 and the soil transport mechanism 33. These sensors can monitor the soil temperature and humidity data in real time.

[0079] The microwave generator is switched on or off based on the status of the chassis system 10 or a specific area location. For example, when the chassis system 10 is in a specific location, the microwave generator can be activated by the control system. The status of the microwave generator can be controlled by a relay controller or a digital signal control module, allowing the microwave generator to be turned on or off at a specific location defined in the path planning.

[0080] Data from all sensors (temperature, humidity, altitude) can be transmitted to the central control unit of the chassis system 10, where the operating status can be adjusted in real time via control algorithms. For example, if the humidity is too high or the temperature is unsuitable, the microwave generator's operating mode may need to be changed, or the chassis speed may need to be adjusted.

[0081] Step S30: Adjust the transmission speed of the soil conveying component 20 and the soil conveying mechanism 33 based on the real-time temperature and humidity of the soil, and adjust the height of the scraper 51 based on the soil height.

[0082] Specifically, the real-time data from the temperature and humidity sensor 211 is fed back to the control system. The control system should set thresholds, and automatically adjust the speed of the soil conveying assembly 20 and the transmission mechanism if the temperature or humidity exceeds the set range.

[0083] For example, temperature affects the control strategy. When soil temperature is too high, the soil may become drier and looser. In this case, the conveying speed can be appropriately slowed down to ensure finer soil treatment. When the temperature is low, the soil may be more moist and sticky, and the conveying speed can be appropriately increased to avoid low conveying efficiency. Humidity affects the control strategy. When soil moisture is too high, the soil may become too sticky and difficult to move through the conveying mechanism. Therefore, the soil conveying speed needs to be slowed down. When humidity is low, the soil is loose and easy to convey, and the conveying speed can be increased to improve work efficiency. PID control is used in specific control. PID control: the control system adjusts the soil conveying speed according to changes in temperature and humidity to ensure that the conveying speed remains within an appropriate range under different soil conditions.

[0084] During adjustment, the speed of the conveying mechanism (such as a screw conveyor or belt conveyor) needs to be coordinated with the soil moisture and temperature. Based on the above control strategy, the control system adjusts the rotational speed of the conveying mechanism in real time to ensure smooth and uniform soil transport.

[0085] Of course, the temperature of the microwave generating structure will be monitored in real time during the disinfection process, and the cooling module 35 can continuously control the temperature of the microwave generating structure to prevent the temperature from being too high and affecting the disinfection effect. For specific temperature control, please refer to the above description.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device, characterized in that, include: The chassis system is designed for mobility. A soil conveying assembly is detachably mounted at the front end of the chassis system via a hinge mechanism, and a soil shovel structure is provided at the distal end of the soil conveying assembly, the soil shovel structure being configured to shovel up the topsoil when the chassis system moves. The disinfection component, fixedly mounted on the chassis system, includes a soil transmission mechanism, a first microwave generating structure, and a second microwave generating structure. The inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism is connected to the proximal end of the soil conveying component, and the outlet end of the soil transmission mechanism extends to the rear end of the chassis system. The first microwave generating structure is fixedly mounted above the soil transmission mechanism, and the microwave radiation direction is perpendicular to the transmission plane of the soil transmission mechanism. The second microwave generating structure is mounted below the soil transmission mechanism, and the microwave radiation direction is vertically downward pointing towards the lower layer of soil exposed after being shoveled by the soil shovel structure; wherein, the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure are configured to be turned on and off simultaneously.

2. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure are provided with a temperature detection module and a cooling module. The temperature detection module is configured to detect the real-time temperature of the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure, and the cooling module is configured to start cooling when the real-time temperature exceeds a set threshold.

3. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling module includes a water bath circulation system, which is used to cool the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure.

4. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the soil transfer mechanism is also provided with a leveling structure, which includes a lifting component and a scraper. The lifting component is fixedly mounted on the chassis system, and the scraper is connected to the lifting end of the lifting component to adjust the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper and the transfer plane of the soil transfer mechanism.

5. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Laser sensors are provided on both sides of the inlet end of the soil transport mechanism perpendicular to the transport direction of the soil transport mechanism. The laser sensors are used to identify the height of the soil pile and are configured to control the distance between the bottom edge of the scraper and the transport plane of the soil transport mechanism based on the soil height.

6. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil conveying assembly includes a scale conveyor, with connecting support plates hinged to both ends of the scale conveyor, and the soil shoveling structure movably mounted on the connecting support plates.

7. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil-shoveling structure includes a soil shovel and an adjusting cylinder. The soil shovel is hinged to the far end of the connecting support plate. One end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the soil shovel, and the other end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the plate body of the connecting support plate.

8. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The apron conveyor is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, which is used to sense the temperature and humidity of the soil being transported and is configured to control the transport speed of the apron conveyor based on the soil humidity.

9. The dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the chassis system is provided with a pressure roller assembly, which includes a connecting baffle and a pressure roller. The proximal end of the connecting baffle is hinged to the rear end of the chassis system, and the pressure roller is rotatably located at the far end of the connecting baffle for leveling the soil output by the soil conveying mechanism.

10. A control method for the dual-mode microwave soil disinfection device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S10: Plan the movement path based on the target area; Step S20: Control the chassis system to move along the moving path and activate the first microwave generating structure and the second microwave generating structure; at the same time, during the movement, sense the soil temperature, humidity and soil height at the inlet end of the soil transmission mechanism in real time. Step S30: Adjust the transmission speed of the soil conveying components and soil transmission mechanism based on the real-time temperature and humidity of the soil, and adjust the height of the scraper based on the soil height.

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